comparison doc/interpreter/func.txi @ 19627:446c46af4b42 stable

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author John W. Eaton <jwe@octave.org>
date Tue, 20 Jan 2015 08:26:57 -0500
parents 11de7f82afe2
children fe689210525c
comparison
equal deleted inserted replaced
19488:8dbd55742112 19627:446c46af4b42
4 @c 4 @c
5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the 6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at 7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
8 @c your option) any later version. 8 @c your option) any later version.
9 @c 9 @c
10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 @c for more details. 13 @c for more details.
14 @c 14 @c
15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see 16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see
17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. 17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
18 18
19 @node Functions and Scripts 19 @node Functions and Scripts
466 466
467 @noindent 467 @noindent
468 This implementation handles any number of input arguments, but it's also 468 This implementation handles any number of input arguments, but it's also
469 a very simple solution to the problem. 469 a very simple solution to the problem.
470 470
471 A slightly more complex example of @code{varargin} is a function 471 A slightly more complex example of @code{varargin} is a function
472 @code{print_arguments} that prints all input arguments. Such a function 472 @code{print_arguments} that prints all input arguments. Such a function
473 can be defined like this 473 can be defined like this
474 474
475 @example 475 @example
476 @group 476 @group
775 addpath ("~/Octave") 775 addpath ("~/Octave")
776 @end example 776 @end example
777 777
778 @noindent 778 @noindent
779 After this the directory @samp{~/Octave} will be searched for functions. 779 After this the directory @samp{~/Octave} will be searched for functions.
780 780
781 @DOCSTRING(addpath) 781 @DOCSTRING(addpath)
782 782
783 @DOCSTRING(genpath) 783 @DOCSTRING(genpath)
784 784
785 @DOCSTRING(rmpath) 785 @DOCSTRING(rmpath)
854 @end group 854 @end group
855 @end example 855 @end example
856 856
857 @noindent 857 @noindent
858 Then if the path to @code{func1} is @code{<directory>/func1.m}, and if 858 Then if the path to @code{func1} is @code{<directory>/func1.m}, and if
859 @code{func2} is found in the directory @code{<directory>/private/func2.m}, 859 @code{func2} is found in the directory @code{<directory>/private/func2.m},
860 then @code{func2} is only available for use of the functions, like 860 then @code{func2} is only available for use of the functions, like
861 @code{func1}, that are found in @code{<directory>}. 861 @code{func1}, that are found in @code{<directory>}.
862 862
863 @node Nested Functions 863 @node Nested Functions
864 @subsection Nested Functions 864 @subsection Nested Functions
865 865
1015 @subsection Overloading and Autoloading 1015 @subsection Overloading and Autoloading
1016 1016
1017 Functions can be overloaded to work with different input arguments. For 1017 Functions can be overloaded to work with different input arguments. For
1018 example, the operator '+' has been overloaded in Octave to work with single, 1018 example, the operator '+' has been overloaded in Octave to work with single,
1019 double, uint8, int32, and many other arguments. The preferred way to overload 1019 double, uint8, int32, and many other arguments. The preferred way to overload
1020 functions is through classes and object oriented programming 1020 functions is through classes and object oriented programming
1021 (@pxref{Function Overloading}). Occasionally, however, one needs to undo 1021 (@pxref{Function Overloading}). Occasionally, however, one needs to undo
1022 user overloading and call the default function associated with a specific 1022 user overloading and call the default function associated with a specific
1023 type. The @code{builtin} function exists for this purpose. 1023 type. The @code{builtin} function exists for this purpose.
1024 1024
1025 @DOCSTRING(builtin) 1025 @DOCSTRING(builtin)
1118 @enumerate 1 1118 @enumerate 1
1119 @item Subfunction 1119 @item Subfunction
1120 A subfunction with the required function name in the given scope. 1120 A subfunction with the required function name in the given scope.
1121 1121
1122 @item Private function 1122 @item Private function
1123 A function defined within a private directory of the directory 1123 A function defined within a private directory of the directory
1124 which contains the current function. 1124 which contains the current function.
1125 1125
1126 @item Class constructor 1126 @item Class constructor
1127 A function that constuctors a user class as defined in chapter 1127 A function that constuctors a user class as defined in chapter
1128 @ref{Object Oriented Programming}. 1128 @ref{Object Oriented Programming}.
1129 1129
1130 @item Class method 1130 @item Class method
1131 An overloaded function of a class as in chapter 1131 An overloaded function of a class as in chapter
1132 @ref{Object Oriented Programming}. 1132 @ref{Object Oriented Programming}.
1164 named in a script file are not local variables, but are in the same 1164 named in a script file are not local variables, but are in the same
1165 scope as the other variables that are visible on the command line. 1165 scope as the other variables that are visible on the command line.
1166 1166
1167 Even though a script file may not begin with the @code{function} 1167 Even though a script file may not begin with the @code{function}
1168 keyword, it is possible to define more than one function in a single 1168 keyword, it is possible to define more than one function in a single
1169 script file and load (but not execute) all of them at once. To do 1169 script file and load (but not execute) all of them at once. To do
1170 this, the first token in the file (ignoring comments and other white 1170 this, the first token in the file (ignoring comments and other white
1171 space) must be something other than @code{function}. If you have no 1171 space) must be something other than @code{function}. If you have no
1172 other statements to evaluate, you can use a statement that has no 1172 other statements to evaluate, you can use a statement that has no
1173 effect, like this: 1173 effect, like this:
1174 1174
1257 @cindex anonymous functions 1257 @cindex anonymous functions
1258 @cindex inline, inline functions 1258 @cindex inline, inline functions
1259 1259
1260 It can be very convenient store a function in a variable so that it 1260 It can be very convenient store a function in a variable so that it
1261 can be passed to a different function. For example, a function that 1261 can be passed to a different function. For example, a function that
1262 performs numerical minimization needs access to the function that 1262 performs numerical minimization needs access to the function that
1263 should be minimized. 1263 should be minimized.
1264 1264
1265 @menu 1265 @menu
1266 * Function Handles:: 1266 * Function Handles::
1267 * Anonymous Functions:: 1267 * Anonymous Functions::
1410 @example 1410 @example
1411 my_command hello world 1411 my_command hello world
1412 @end example 1412 @end example
1413 1413
1414 @noindent 1414 @noindent
1415 is equivalent to 1415 is equivalent to
1416 1416
1417 @example 1417 @example
1418 my_command ("hello", "world") 1418 my_command ("hello", "world")
1419 @end example 1419 @end example
1420 1420