view libinterp/corefcn/balance.cc @ 17787:175b392e91fe

Use GNU style coding conventions for code in libinterp/ * libinterp/corefcn/Cell.h, libinterp/corefcn/__contourc__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__dispatch__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__lin_interpn__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__pchip_deriv__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__qp__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/balance.cc, libinterp/corefcn/besselj.cc, libinterp/corefcn/betainc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/bitfcns.cc, libinterp/corefcn/bsxfun.cc, libinterp/corefcn/c-file-ptr-stream.cc, libinterp/corefcn/c-file-ptr-stream.h, libinterp/corefcn/cellfun.cc, libinterp/corefcn/colloc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/comment-list.h, libinterp/corefcn/conv2.cc, libinterp/corefcn/daspk.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dasrt.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dassl.cc, libinterp/corefcn/data.cc, libinterp/corefcn/debug.cc, libinterp/corefcn/defaults.cc, libinterp/corefcn/defaults.in.h, libinterp/corefcn/defun-int.h, libinterp/corefcn/defun.cc, libinterp/corefcn/det.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dirfns.cc, libinterp/corefcn/display.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dlmread.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dot.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dynamic-ld.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dynamic-ld.h, libinterp/corefcn/eig.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ellipj.cc, libinterp/corefcn/error.cc, libinterp/corefcn/error.h, libinterp/corefcn/event-queue.h, libinterp/corefcn/fft.cc, libinterp/corefcn/fft2.cc, libinterp/corefcn/fftn.cc, libinterp/corefcn/file-io.cc, libinterp/corefcn/filter.cc, libinterp/corefcn/find.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gammainc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gcd.cc, libinterp/corefcn/getgrent.cc, libinterp/corefcn/getpwent.cc, libinterp/corefcn/getrusage.cc, libinterp/corefcn/givens.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gl-render.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gl2ps-renderer.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gl2ps-renderer.h, libinterp/corefcn/graphics.cc, libinterp/corefcn/graphics.in.h, libinterp/corefcn/gripes.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gripes.h, libinterp/corefcn/help.cc, libinterp/corefcn/hess.cc, libinterp/corefcn/hex2num.cc, libinterp/corefcn/input.cc, libinterp/corefcn/input.h, libinterp/corefcn/inv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/jit-ir.h, libinterp/corefcn/jit-typeinfo.cc, libinterp/corefcn/jit-typeinfo.h, libinterp/corefcn/jit-util.h, libinterp/corefcn/kron.cc, libinterp/corefcn/load-path.cc, libinterp/corefcn/load-path.h, libinterp/corefcn/load-save.cc, libinterp/corefcn/load-save.h, libinterp/corefcn/lookup.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-ascii-helper.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-hdf5.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-hdf5.h, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat-ascii.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat-ascii.h, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat4.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.h, libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-ascii.cc, libinterp/corefcn/lsode.cc, libinterp/corefcn/lu.cc, libinterp/corefcn/luinc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mappers.cc, libinterp/corefcn/matrix_type.cc, libinterp/corefcn/max.cc, libinterp/corefcn/md5sum.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mex.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mexproto.h, libinterp/corefcn/mgorth.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mxarray.in.h, libinterp/corefcn/nproc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-hist.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-lvalue.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-map.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-map.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-obj.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-prcstrm.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-stdstrm.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-stream.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-stream.h, libinterp/corefcn/octave-link.cc, libinterp/corefcn/octave-link.h, libinterp/corefcn/pager.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pinv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pr-output.cc, libinterp/corefcn/procstream.h, libinterp/corefcn/profiler.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pt-jit.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pt-jit.h, libinterp/corefcn/quad.cc, libinterp/corefcn/quadcc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/qz.cc, libinterp/corefcn/rand.cc, libinterp/corefcn/rcond.cc, libinterp/corefcn/regexp.cc, libinterp/corefcn/schur.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sighandlers.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sighandlers.h, libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xdiv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xdiv.h, libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xpow.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sparse.cc, libinterp/corefcn/spparms.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sqrtm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/str2double.cc, libinterp/corefcn/strfind.cc, libinterp/corefcn/strfns.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sub2ind.cc, libinterp/corefcn/svd.cc, libinterp/corefcn/syl.cc, libinterp/corefcn/symtab.cc, libinterp/corefcn/symtab.h, libinterp/corefcn/syscalls.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sysdep.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sysdep.h, libinterp/corefcn/time.cc, libinterp/corefcn/toplev.cc, libinterp/corefcn/toplev.h, libinterp/corefcn/tril.cc, libinterp/corefcn/txt-eng-ft.cc, libinterp/corefcn/txt-eng-ft.h, libinterp/corefcn/txt-eng.h, libinterp/corefcn/typecast.cc, libinterp/corefcn/urlwrite.cc, libinterp/corefcn/utils.cc, libinterp/corefcn/variables.cc, libinterp/corefcn/variables.h, libinterp/corefcn/xdiv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/xdiv.h, libinterp/corefcn/xnorm.h, libinterp/corefcn/xpow.cc, libinterp/corefcn/xpow.h, libinterp/corefcn/zfstream.cc, libinterp/corefcn/zfstream.h, libinterp/dldfcn/__delaunayn__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__dsearchn__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__eigs__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__fltk_uigetfile__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__glpk__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__init_fltk__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__init_gnuplot__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__magick_read__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__voronoi__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/amd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/ccolamd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/chol.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/colamd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/convhulln.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/dmperm.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/fftw.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/qr.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/symbfact.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/symrcm.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/tsearch.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-diag.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-int.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-int.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-scalar.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-scalar.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-sparse.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-sparse.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cell.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cell.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-ch-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-ch-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-class.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-class.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-colon.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-complex.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-complex.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-diag.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-sparse.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-dld-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-handle.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-handle.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-inline.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-inline.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-float.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-float.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-complex.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-complex.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-diag.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-diag.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int16.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int32.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int64.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int8.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-intx.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-java.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-lazy-idx.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-mex-fcn.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-mex-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-null-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-null-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-oncleanup.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-perm.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-perm.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-range.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-range.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-diag.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-sparse.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-scalar.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-scalar.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-str-mat.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-str-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-struct.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-struct.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-type-conv.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-typeinfo.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-typeinfo.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint16.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint32.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint64.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint8.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov.h, libinterp/octave.cc, libinterp/operators/op-b-bm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-b-sbm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-bm-b.cc, libinterp/operators/op-bm-bm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cdm-cdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-chm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-class.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-dm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-double-conv.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fcdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fcs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fcs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-float-conv.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fcs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fcs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-pm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-range.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sbm-b.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sbm-bm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sbm-sbm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-str-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-str-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-str-str.cc, libinterp/operators/ops.h, libinterp/parse-tree/lex.h, libinterp/parse-tree/parse.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-arg-list.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-arg-list.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-assign.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-assign.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-binop.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-binop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-bp.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cbinop.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-check.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-colon.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-colon.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-const.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-decl.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-decl.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-eval.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-except.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-exp.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-fcn-handle.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-id.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-id.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-idx.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-idx.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-mat.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-misc.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-misc.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-pr-code.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-select.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-stmt.h, libinterp/parse-tree/token.h, libinterp/version.cc: Use GNU style coding conventions for code in libinterp/
author Rik <rik@octave.org>
date Mon, 28 Oct 2013 19:51:46 -0700
parents d63878346099
children 6a71e5030df5
line wrap: on
line source

/*

Copyright (C) 1996-2013 John W. Eaton
Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Jaroslav Hajek

This file is part of Octave.

Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
option) any later version.

Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

*/

// Author: A. S. Hodel <scotte@eng.auburn.edu>

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <string>

#include "CmplxAEPBAL.h"
#include "fCmplxAEPBAL.h"
#include "dbleAEPBAL.h"
#include "floatAEPBAL.h"
#include "CmplxGEPBAL.h"
#include "fCmplxGEPBAL.h"
#include "dbleGEPBAL.h"
#include "floatGEPBAL.h"
#include "quit.h"

#include "defun.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "f77-fcn.h"
#include "gripes.h"
#include "oct-obj.h"
#include "utils.h"

DEFUN (balance, args, nargout,
       "-*- texinfo -*-\n\
@deftypefn  {Built-in Function} {@var{AA} =} balance (@var{A})\n\
@deftypefnx {Built-in Function} {@var{AA} =} balance (@var{A}, @var{opt})\n\
@deftypefnx {Built-in Function} {[@var{DD}, @var{AA}] =} balance (@var{A}, @var{opt})\n\
@deftypefnx {Built-in Function} {[@var{D}, @var{P}, @var{AA}] =} balance (@var{A}, @var{opt})\n\
@deftypefnx {Built-in Function} {[@var{CC}, @var{DD}, @var{AA}, @var{BB}] =} balance (@var{A}, @var{B}, @var{opt})\n\
\n\
Compute @code{@var{AA} = @var{DD} \\ @var{A} * @var{DD}} in which @var{AA}\n\
is a matrix whose row and column norms are roughly equal in magnitude, and\n\
@code{@var{DD} = @var{P} * @var{D}}, in which @var{P} is a permutation\n\
matrix and @var{D} is a diagonal matrix of powers of two.  This allows the\n\
equilibration to be computed without round-off.  Results of eigenvalue\n\
calculation are typically improved by balancing first.\n\
\n\
If two output values are requested, @code{balance} returns\n\
the diagonal @var{D} and the permutation @var{P} separately as vectors.\n\
In this case, @code{@var{DD} = eye(n)(:,@var{P}) * diag (@var{D})}, where\n\
@math{n} is the matrix size.\n\
\n\
If four output values are requested, compute @code{@var{AA} =\n\
@var{CC}*@var{A}*@var{DD}} and @code{@var{BB} = @var{CC}*@var{B}*@var{DD}},\n\
in which @var{AA} and @var{BB} have non-zero elements of approximately the\n\
same magnitude and @var{CC} and @var{DD} are permuted diagonal matrices as\n\
in @var{DD} for the algebraic eigenvalue problem.\n\
\n\
The eigenvalue balancing option @var{opt} may be one of:\n\
\n\
@table @asis\n\
@item @qcode{\"noperm\"}, @qcode{\"S\"}\n\
Scale only; do not permute.\n\
\n\
@item @qcode{\"noscal\"}, @qcode{\"P\"}\n\
Permute only; do not scale.\n\
@end table\n\
\n\
Algebraic eigenvalue balancing uses standard @sc{lapack} routines.\n\
\n\
Generalized eigenvalue problem balancing uses Ward's algorithm\n\
(SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing, 1981).\n\
@end deftypefn")
{
  octave_value_list retval;

  int nargin = args.length ();

  if (nargin < 1 || nargin > 3 || nargout < 0 || nargout > 4)
    {
      print_usage ();
      return retval;
    }

  // determine if it's AEP or GEP
  bool AEPcase = nargin == 1 || args(1).is_string ();

  // problem dimension
  octave_idx_type nn = args(0).rows ();

  if (nn != args(0).columns ())
    {
      gripe_square_matrix_required ("balance");
      return retval;
    }

  bool isfloat = args(0).is_single_type ()
                 || (! AEPcase && args(1).is_single_type ());

  bool complex_case = args(0).is_complex_type ()
                      || (! AEPcase && args(1).is_complex_type ());

  // Extract argument 1 parameter for both AEP and GEP.
  Matrix aa;
  ComplexMatrix caa;
  FloatMatrix faa;
  FloatComplexMatrix fcaa;

  if (isfloat)
    {
      if (complex_case)
        fcaa = args(0).float_complex_matrix_value ();
      else
        faa = args(0).float_matrix_value ();
    }
  else
    {
      if (complex_case)
        caa = args(0).complex_matrix_value ();
      else
        aa = args(0).matrix_value ();
    }

  if (error_state)
    return retval;

  // Treat AEP/GEP cases.
  if (AEPcase)
    {
      // Algebraic eigenvalue problem.
      bool noperm = false, noscal = false;
      if (nargin > 1)
        {
          std::string a1s = args(1).string_value ();
          noperm = a1s == "noperm" || a1s == "S";
          noscal = a1s == "noscal" || a1s == "P";
        }

      // balance the AEP
      if (isfloat)
        {
          if (complex_case)
            {
              FloatComplexAEPBALANCE result (fcaa, noperm, noscal);

              if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
                retval(0) = result.balanced_matrix ();
              else if (nargout == 2)
                {
                  retval(1) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                }
              else
                {
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.permuting_vector ();
                  retval(0) = result.scaling_vector ();
                }

            }
          else
            {
              FloatAEPBALANCE result (faa, noperm, noscal);

              if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
                retval(0) = result.balanced_matrix ();
              else if (nargout == 2)
                {
                  retval(1) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                }
              else
                {
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.permuting_vector ();
                  retval(0) = result.scaling_vector ();
                }
            }
        }
      else
        {
          if (complex_case)
            {
              ComplexAEPBALANCE result (caa, noperm, noscal);

              if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
                retval(0) = result.balanced_matrix ();
              else if (nargout == 2)
                {
                  retval(1) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                }
              else
                {
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.permuting_vector ();
                  retval(0) = result.scaling_vector ();
                }
            }
          else
            {
              AEPBALANCE result (aa, noperm, noscal);

              if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
                retval(0) = result.balanced_matrix ();
              else if (nargout == 2)
                {
                  retval(1) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                }
              else
                {
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.permuting_vector ();
                  retval(0) = result.scaling_vector ();
                }
            }
        }
    }
  else
    {
      std::string bal_job;
      if (nargout == 1)
        warning ("balance: used GEP, should have two output arguments");

      // Generalized eigenvalue problem.
      if (nargin == 2)
        bal_job = "B";
      else if (args(2).is_string ())
        bal_job = args(2).string_value ();
      else
        {
          error ("balance: OPT argument must be a string");
          return retval;
        }

      if ((nn != args(1).columns ()) || (nn != args(1).rows ()))
        {
          gripe_nonconformant ();
          return retval;
        }

      Matrix bb;
      ComplexMatrix cbb;
      FloatMatrix fbb;
      FloatComplexMatrix fcbb;

      if (isfloat)
        {
          if (complex_case)
            fcbb = args(1).float_complex_matrix_value ();
          else
            fbb = args(1).float_matrix_value ();
        }
      else
        {
          if (complex_case)
            cbb = args(1).complex_matrix_value ();
          else
            bb = args(1).matrix_value ();
        }

      // balance the GEP
      if (isfloat)
        {
          if (complex_case)
            {
              FloatComplexGEPBALANCE result (fcaa, fcbb, bal_job);

              switch (nargout)
                {
                case 4:
                  retval(3) = result.balanced_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 3:
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                case 2:
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 1:
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                default:
                  error ("balance: invalid number of output arguments");
                  break;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              FloatGEPBALANCE result (faa, fbb, bal_job);

              switch (nargout)
                {
                case 4:
                  retval(3) = result.balanced_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 3:
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                case 2:
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 1:
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                default:
                  error ("balance: invalid number of output arguments");
                  break;
                }
            }
        }
      else
        {
          if (complex_case)
            {
              ComplexGEPBALANCE result (caa, cbb, bal_job);

              switch (nargout)
                {
                case 4:
                  retval(3) = result.balanced_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 3:
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                case 2:
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 1:
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                default:
                  error ("balance: invalid number of output arguments");
                  break;
                }
            }
          else
            {
              GEPBALANCE result (aa, bb, bal_job);

              switch (nargout)
                {
                case 4:
                  retval(3) = result.balanced_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 3:
                  retval(2) = result.balanced_matrix ();
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                case 2:
                  retval(1) = result.balancing_matrix2 ();
                  // fall through
                case 1:
                  retval(0) = result.balancing_matrix ();
                  break;
                default:
                  error ("balance: invalid number of output arguments");
                  break;
                }
            }
        }
    }

  return retval;
}