## Copyright (C) 2004-2012 David Bateman
##
## This file is part of Octave.
##
## Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
## under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
## the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
## your option) any later version.
##
## Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
## General Public License for more details.
##
## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
## along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
## <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

## -*- texinfo -*-
## @deftypefn  {Function File} {} rotdim (@var{x})
## @deftypefnx {Function File} {} rotdim (@var{x}, @var{n})
## @deftypefnx {Function File} {} rotdim (@var{x}, @var{n}, @var{plane})
## Return a copy of @var{x} with the elements rotated counterclockwise in
## 90-degree increments.
## The second argument @var{n} is optional, and specifies how many 90-degree
## rotations are to be applied (the default value is 1).
## The third argument is also optional and defines the plane of the
## rotation.  If present, @var{plane} is a two element vector containing two
## different valid dimensions of the matrix.  When @var{plane} is not given
## the first two non-singleton dimensions are used.
##
## Negative values of @var{n} rotate the matrix in a clockwise direction.
## For example,
##
## @example
## @group
## rotdim ([1, 2; 3, 4], -1, [1, 2])
##      @result{}  3  1
##          4  2
## @end group
## @end example
##
## @noindent
## rotates the given matrix clockwise by 90 degrees.  The following are all
## equivalent statements:
##
## @example
## @group
## rotdim ([1, 2; 3, 4], -1, [1, 2])
## rotdim ([1, 2; 3, 4], 3, [1, 2])
## rotdim ([1, 2; 3, 4], 7, [1, 2])
## @end group
## @end example
## @seealso{rot90, flipud, fliplr, flipdim}
## @end deftypefn

function y = rotdim (x, n, plane)

  if (nargin < 1 || nargin > 3)
    print_usage ();
  endif

  if (nargin > 1 && ! isempty(n))
    if (!isscalar (n) || !isreal(n) || fix (n) != n)
      error ("rotdim: N must be a scalar integer");
    endif
  else
    n = 1;
  endif

  nd = ndims (x);
  sz = size (x);
  if (nargin < 3)
    if (nd > 2)
      ## Find the first two non-singleton dimension.
      plane = [];
      dim = 0;
      while (dim < nd)
        dim = dim + 1;
        if (sz (dim) != 1)
          plane = [plane, dim];
          if (length (plane) == 2)
            break;
          endif
        endif
      endwhile
      if (length (plane) < 1)
        plane = [1, 2];
      elseif (length (plane) < 2)
        plane = [1, plane];
      endif
    else
      plane = [1, 2];
    endif
  else
    if (! (isvector (plane) && length (plane) == 2
           && all (plane == fix (plane)) && all (plane > 0)
           && all (plane < (nd + 1)) && plane(1) != plane(2)))
      error ("rotdim: PLANE must be a 2 element integer vector defining a valid PLANE");
    endif
  endif

  n = rem (n, 4);
  if (n < 0)
    n = n + 4;
  endif
  if (n == 0)
    y = x;
  elseif (n == 2)
    y = flipdim (flipdim (x, plane(1)), plane(2));
  elseif (n == 1 || n == 3)
    perm = 1:nd;
    perm(plane(1)) = plane(2);
    perm(plane(2)) = plane(1);
    y = permute (x, perm);
    if (n == 1)
      y = flipdim (y, min (plane));
    else
      y = flipdim (y, max (plane));
    endif
  else
    error ("rotdim: internal error!");
  endif

endfunction

%!error rotdim ();
%!error rotdim (1, 2, 3, 4);

%!shared r, rr
%! r = [1,2,3]; rr = [3,2,1];
%!assert (rotdim (r, 0), r);
%!assert (rotdim (r, 1), rr');
%!assert (rotdim (r, 2), rr);
%!assert (rotdim (r, 3), r');
%!assert (rotdim (r, 3), rotdim (r, -1));
%!assert (rotdim (r, 1), rotdim (r));

%!shared c, cr
%! c = [1;2;3]; cr = [3;2;1];
%!assert (rotdim (c, 0), c);
%!assert (rotdim (c, 1), c');
%!assert (rotdim (c, 2), cr);
%!assert (rotdim (c, 3), cr');
%!assert (rotdim (c, 3), rotdim (c, -1));
%!assert (rotdim (c, 1), rotdim (c));

%!shared m
%! m = [1,2;3,4];
%!assert (rotdim (m, 0), m);
%!assert (rotdim (m, 1), [2,4;1,3]);
%!assert (rotdim (m, 2), [4,3;2,1]);
%!assert (rotdim (m, 3), [3,1;4,2]);
%!assert (rotdim (m, 3), rotdim (m, -1));
%!assert (rotdim (m, 1), rotdim (m));

## FIXME -- we need tests for multidimensional arrays and different
## values of PLANE.