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| author | Kai Torben Ohlhus <k.ohlhus@gmail.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 21 Feb 2022 17:32:38 +0900 |
| parents | e69093ab4992 |
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| rev | line source |
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| 215 | 1 --- |
| 2 layout: page | |
| 3 title: GNU Octave Version 1 | |
| 4 permalink: NEWS-1.html | |
| 5 --- | |
| 6 | |
| 7 ## Summary of important user-visible changes | |
| 8 | |
| 9 {% include release_news_select.md %} | |
| 10 | |
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11 {::options parse_block_html="true" /} |
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12 <div class="panel callout"> |
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13 * TOC |
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14 {:toc} |
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15 </div> |
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16 {::options parse_block_html="false" /} |
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17 |
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18 |
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19 ### Version 1.1.1 |
| 215 | 20 |
| 21 <pre> | |
| 22 * New built-in variables, default_return_value and | |
| 23 define_all_return_values. | |
| 24 | |
| 25 If define_all_return_values is set to "false", Octave does not do | |
| 26 anything special for return values that are left undefined, and | |
| 27 you will get an error message if you try to use them. For | |
| 28 example, if the function | |
| 29 | |
| 30 function [x, y] = f () | |
| 31 y = 1; | |
| 32 endfunction | |
| 33 | |
| 34 is called as | |
| 35 | |
| 36 octave:13> [a, b] = f () | |
| 37 | |
| 38 Octave will print an error message for the attempt to assign an | |
| 39 undefined value to `a'. | |
| 40 | |
| 41 This is incompatible with Matlab, which will define the return | |
| 42 variable `x' to be the empty matrix. To get the Matlab-like | |
| 43 behavior, you can set the variable define_all_return_values to | |
| 44 "true" (the default is "false") and default_return_value to `[]' | |
| 45 (the default). Then, any return values that remain undefined when | |
| 46 the function returns will be initialized to `[]'. | |
| 47 | |
| 48 If the function is called without explicitly asking for an output, | |
| 49 it will succeed. This behavior is compatible and unchanged from | |
| 50 previous versions of Octave. | |
| 51 | |
| 52 * New built-in variable suppress_verbose_help_message. If set to | |
| 53 "true", Octave will not add additional help information to the end | |
| 54 of the output from the help command and usage messages for | |
| 55 built-in commands. The default value is "false". | |
| 56 | |
| 57 * New built-in variable PS4 is used as the prefix of echoed input | |
| 58 (enabled with the --echo-input (-x) option). | |
| 59 | |
| 60 * The function size() now accepts an optional second argument. | |
| 61 | |
| 62 * Output from `save - ...' now goes through the pager. | |
| 63 | |
| 64 * The break statement may also be used to exit a function, for | |
| 65 compatibility with Matlab. | |
| 66 | |
| 67 * The directory tree for installing Octave is now closer to | |
| 68 conforming with the current GNU standards. | |
| 69 | |
| 70 * More bug fixes. | |
| 71 </pre> | |
| 72 | |
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73 ### Version 1.1.0 |
| 215 | 74 |
| 75 <pre> | |
| 76 * Octave now requires g++ 2.6.3 or later. This change is necessary | |
| 77 to make template instantiations cleaner, and to avoid having to | |
| 78 have special cases in the code for earlier versions of gcc. | |
| 79 | |
| 80 * A new data structure type has been added. The implementation uses | |
| 81 an associative array with indices limited to strings, but the | |
| 82 syntax is more like C-style structures. here are some examples of | |
| 83 using it. | |
| 84 | |
| 85 Elements of structures can be of any type, including structures: | |
| 86 | |
| 87 octave:1> x.a = 1; | |
| 88 octave:2> x.b = [1, 2; 3, 4]; | |
| 89 octave:3> x.c = "string"; | |
| 90 octave:4> x | |
| 91 x = | |
| 92 | |
| 93 <structure: a b c> | |
| 94 | |
| 95 octave:5> x.a | |
| 96 x.a = 1 | |
| 97 octave:6> x.b | |
| 98 x.b = | |
| 99 | |
| 100 1 2 | |
| 101 3 4 | |
| 102 | |
| 103 octave:7> x.c | |
| 104 x.c = string | |
| 105 octave:8> x.b.d = 3 | |
| 106 x.b.d = 3 | |
| 107 octave:9> x.b | |
| 108 x.b = | |
| 109 | |
| 110 <structure: d> | |
| 111 | |
| 112 octave:10> x.b.d | |
| 113 x.b.d = 3 | |
| 114 | |
| 115 Functions can return structures: | |
| 116 | |
| 117 octave:1> a = rand (3) + rand (3) * I; | |
| 118 octave:2> function y = f (x) | |
| 119 > y.re = real (x); | |
| 120 > y.im = imag (x); | |
| 121 > endfunction | |
| 122 octave:3> f (a) | |
| 123 ans = | |
| 124 | |
| 125 <structure: im re> | |
| 126 | |
| 127 octave:4> ans.im | |
| 128 ans.im = | |
| 129 | |
| 130 0.093411 0.229690 0.627585 | |
| 131 0.415128 0.221706 0.850341 | |
| 132 0.894990 0.343265 0.384018 | |
| 133 | |
| 134 octave:5> ans.re | |
| 135 ans.re = | |
| 136 | |
| 137 0.56234 0.14797 0.26416 | |
| 138 0.72120 0.62691 0.20910 | |
| 139 0.89211 0.25175 0.21081 | |
| 140 | |
| 141 Return lists can include structure elements: | |
| 142 | |
| 143 octave:1> [x.u, x.s, x.v] = svd ([1, 2; 3, 4]) | |
| 144 x.u = | |
| 145 | |
| 146 -0.40455 -0.91451 | |
| 147 -0.91451 0.40455 | |
| 148 | |
| 149 x.s = | |
| 150 | |
| 151 5.46499 0.00000 | |
| 152 0.00000 0.36597 | |
| 153 | |
| 154 x.v = | |
| 155 | |
| 156 -0.57605 0.81742 | |
| 157 -0.81742 -0.57605 | |
| 158 | |
| 159 octave:8> x | |
| 160 x = | |
| 161 | |
| 162 <structure: s u v> | |
| 163 | |
| 164 This feature should be considered experimental, but it seems to | |
| 165 work ok. Suggestions for ways to improve it are welcome. | |
| 166 | |
| 167 * Octave now supports a limited form of exception handling modelled | |
| 168 after the unwind-protect form of Lisp: | |
| 169 | |
| 170 unwind_protect | |
| 171 BODY | |
| 172 unwind_protect_cleanup | |
| 173 CLEANUP | |
| 174 end_unwind_protect | |
| 175 | |
| 176 Where BODY and CLEANUP are both optional and may contain any | |
| 177 Octave expressions or commands. The statements in CLEANUP are | |
| 178 guaranteed to be executed regardless of how control exits BODY. | |
| 179 | |
| 180 This is useful to protect temporary changes to global variables | |
| 181 from possible errors. For example, the following code will always | |
| 182 restore the original value of the built-in variable | |
| 183 do_fortran_indexing even if an error occurs while performing the | |
| 184 indexing operation. | |
| 185 | |
| 186 save_do_fortran_indexing = do_fortran_indexing; | |
| 187 unwind_protect | |
| 188 do_fortran_indexing = "true"; | |
| 189 elt = a (idx) | |
| 190 unwind_protect_cleanup | |
| 191 do_fortran_indexing = save_do_fortran_indexing; | |
| 192 end_unwind_protect | |
| 193 | |
| 194 Without unwind_protect, the value of do_fortran_indexing would not | |
| 195 be restored if an error occurs while performing the indexing | |
| 196 operation because evaluation would stop at the point of the error | |
| 197 and the statement to restore the value would not be executed. | |
| 198 | |
| 199 * Recursive directory searching has been implemented using Karl | |
| 200 Berry's kpathsea library. Directories below path elements that | |
| 201 end in // are searched recursively for .m files. | |
| 202 | |
| 203 * Octave now waits for additional input when a pair of parentheses | |
| 204 is `open' instead of giving an error. This allows one to write | |
| 205 statements like this | |
| 206 | |
| 207 if (big_long_variable_name == other_long_variable_name | |
| 208 || not_so_short_variable_name > 4 | |
| 209 && y > x) | |
| 210 some (code, here); | |
| 211 | |
| 212 without having to clutter up the if statement with continuation | |
| 213 characters. | |
| 214 | |
| 215 * Continuation lines are now allowed in string constants and are | |
| 216 handled correctly inside matrix constants. | |
| 217 | |
| 218 * Both `...{whitespace}\n' and `\{whitespace}\n' can be used to | |
| 219 introduce continuation lines, where {whitespace} may include | |
| 220 spaces, tabs and comemnts. | |
| 221 | |
| 222 * The script directory has been split up by topic. | |
| 223 | |
| 224 * Dynamic linking mostly works with dld. The following limitations | |
| 225 are known problems: | |
| 226 | |
| 227 -- Clearing dynamically linked functions doesn't work. | |
| 228 | |
| 229 -- Dynamic linking only works with dld, which has not been ported | |
| 230 to very many systems yet. | |
| 231 | |
| 232 -- Configuring with --enable-lite-kernel seems to mostly work to | |
| 233 make nonessential built-in functions dynamically loaded, but | |
| 234 there also seem to be some problems. For example, fsolve seems | |
| 235 to always return info == 3. This is difficult to debug since | |
| 236 gdb won't seem to allow breakpoints to be set inside | |
| 237 dynamically loaded functions. | |
| 238 | |
| 239 -- Octave uses a lot of memory if the dynamically linked functions | |
| 240 are compiled with -g. This appears to be a limitation with | |
| 241 dld, and can be avoided by not using -g to compile functions | |
| 242 that will be linked dynamically. | |
| 243 | |
| 244 * fft2 and ifft2 are now built-in functions. | |
| 245 | |
| 246 * The `&&' and `||' logical operators are now evaluated in a | |
| 247 short-circuit fashion and work differently than the element by | |
| 248 element operators `&' and `|'. See the Octave manual for more | |
| 249 details. | |
| 250 | |
| 251 * Expressions like 1./m are now parsed as 1 ./ m, not 1. / m. | |
| 252 | |
| 253 * The replot command now takes the same arguments as gplot or | |
| 254 gsplot (except ranges, which cannot be respecified with replot | |
| 255 (yet)) so you can add additional lines to existing plots. | |
| 256 | |
| 257 * The hold command has been implemented. | |
| 258 | |
| 259 * New function `clearplot' clears the plot window. The name `clg' | |
| 260 is aliased to `clearplot' for compatibility with Matlab. | |
| 261 | |
| 262 * The commands `gplot clear' and `gsplot clear' are equivalent to | |
| 263 `clearplot'. (Previously, `gplot clear' would evaluate `clear' as | |
| 264 an ordinary expression and clear all the visible variables.) | |
| 265 | |
| 266 * The Matlab-style plotting commands have been improved. They now | |
| 267 accept line-style arguments, multiple x-y pairs, and other plot | |
| 268 option flags. For example, | |
| 269 | |
| 270 plot (x, y, "@12", x, y2, x, y3, "4", x, y4, "+") | |
| 271 | |
| 272 results in a plot with | |
| 273 | |
| 274 y plotted with points of type 2 ("+") and color 1 (red). | |
| 275 y2 plotted with lines. | |
| 276 y3 plotted with lines of color 4. | |
| 277 y4 plotted with points which are "+"s. | |
| 278 | |
| 279 the help message for `plot' and `plot_opt' provide full | |
| 280 descriptions of the options. | |
| 281 | |
| 282 * NaN is now dropped from plot data, and Inf is converted to a | |
| 283 very large value before calling gnuplot. | |
| 284 | |
| 285 * Improved load and save commands: | |
| 286 | |
| 287 -- The save and load commands can now read and write a new binary | |
| 288 file format. Conversion to and from IEEE big and little endian | |
| 289 formats is handled automatically. Conversion for other formats | |
| 290 has not yet been implemented. | |
| 291 | |
| 292 -- The load command can now read Matlab .mat files, though it is | |
| 293 not yet able to read sparse matrices or handle conversion for | |
| 294 all data formats. | |
| 295 | |
| 296 -- The save command can write Matlab .mat files. | |
| 297 | |
| 298 -- The load command automatically determines the save format | |
| 299 (binary, ascii, or Matlab binary). | |
| 300 | |
| 301 -- The default format for the save command is taken from the | |
| 302 built-in variable `default_save_format'. | |
| 303 | |
| 304 -- The save and load commands now both accept a list of globbing | |
| 305 patterns so you can easily load a list of variables from a | |
| 306 file. | |
| 307 | |
| 308 -- The load command now accepts the option -list, for listing the | |
| 309 variable names without actually loading the data. With | |
| 310 -verbose, it prints a long listing. | |
| 311 | |
| 312 -- The load command now accepts the option -float-binary, for | |
| 313 saving floating point data in binary files in single precision. | |
| 314 | |
| 315 * who and whos now accept a list of globbing patterns so you can | |
| 316 limit the lists of variables and functions to those that match a | |
| 317 given set of patterns. | |
| 318 | |
| 319 * New functions for manipulating polynomials | |
| 320 | |
| 321 compan -- companion matrix corresponding to polynomial coefficients | |
| 322 conv -- convolve two vectors | |
| 323 deconv -- deconvolve two vectors | |
| 324 roots -- find the roots of a polynomial | |
| 325 poly -- characteristic polynomial of a matrix | |
| 326 polyderiv -- differentiate a polynomial | |
| 327 polyinteg -- integrate a polynomial | |
| 328 polyreduce -- reduce a polynomial to minimum number of terms | |
| 329 polyval -- evaluate a polynomial at a point | |
| 330 polyvalm -- evaluate a polynomial in the matrix sense | |
| 331 residue -- partial fraction expansion corresponding to the ratio | |
| 332 of two polynomials | |
| 333 | |
| 334 * New functions for manipulating sets | |
| 335 | |
| 336 create_set -- create a set of unique values | |
| 337 complement -- find the complement of two sets | |
| 338 intersection -- find the intersection of two sets | |
| 339 union -- find the union of two sets | |
| 340 | |
| 341 * New elementary functions: | |
| 342 | |
| 343 acot acoth acsc acsch | |
| 344 asec asech cot coth | |
| 345 csc csch log2 sec | |
| 346 sech | |
| 347 | |
| 348 * New special functions: | |
| 349 | |
| 350 beta -- beta function | |
| 351 betai -- incomplete beta function | |
| 352 gammai -- incomplete gamma function | |
| 353 | |
| 354 * New image processing functions: | |
| 355 | |
| 356 colormap -- set and return current colormap | |
| 357 gray -- set a gray colormap | |
| 358 gray2ind -- image format conversion | |
| 359 image -- display an image | |
| 360 imagesc -- scale and display an image | |
| 361 imshow -- display images | |
| 362 ind2gray -- image format conversion | |
| 363 ind2rgb -- image format conversion | |
| 364 loadimage -- load an image from a file | |
| 365 ntsc2rgb -- image format conversion | |
| 366 ocean -- set a color colormap | |
| 367 rgb2ind -- image format conversion | |
| 368 rgb2ntsc -- image format conversion | |
| 369 saveimage -- save an image to a file | |
| 370 | |
| 371 * New time and date funcitons: | |
| 372 | |
| 373 tic -- set wall-clock timer | |
| 374 toc -- get elapsed wall-clock time, since timer last set | |
| 375 etime -- another way to get elapsed wall-clock time | |
| 376 cputime -- get CPU time used since Octave started | |
| 377 is_leap_year -- is the given year a leap year? | |
| 378 | |
| 379 * Other new functions: | |
| 380 | |
| 381 bug_report -- submit a bug report to the bug-octave mailing list | |
| 382 | |
| 383 toascii -- convert a string to a matrix of ASCII character codes | |
| 384 | |
| 385 octave_tmp_file -- generate a unique temporary file name | |
| 386 | |
| 387 undo_string_escapes -- replace special characters in a string by | |
| 388 their backslash forms | |
| 389 | |
| 390 is_struct -- determine whether something is a structure data type | |
| 391 | |
| 392 feof -- check EOF condition for a specified file | |
| 393 ferror -- check error state for a specified file | |
| 394 fread -- read binary data from a file | |
| 395 fwrite -- write binary data to a file | |
| 396 | |
| 397 file_in_path -- check to see if named file exists in given path | |
| 398 | |
| 399 kbhit -- get a single character from the terminal | |
| 400 | |
| 401 axis -- change plot ranges | |
| 402 hist -- plot histograms | |
| 403 | |
| 404 diary -- save commands and output to a file | |
| 405 | |
| 406 type -- show the definition of a function | |
| 407 which -- print the type of an identifier or the location of a | |
| 408 function file | |
| 409 | |
| 410 isieee -- Returns 1 if host uses IEEE floating point | |
| 411 realmax -- Returns largest floating point number | |
| 412 realmin -- Returns smallest floating point number | |
| 413 | |
| 414 gcd -- greatest common divisor | |
| 415 lcm -- least common multiple | |
| 416 | |
| 417 null -- orthonormal basis of the null space of a matrix | |
| 418 orth -- orthonormal basis of the range space of a matrix | |
| 419 | |
| 420 fft2 -- two-dimensional fast fourier transform | |
| 421 ifft2 -- two-dimensional inverse fast fourier transform | |
| 422 filter -- digital filter | |
| 423 fftfilt -- filter using fft | |
| 424 fftconv -- convolve to vectors using fft | |
| 425 sinc -- returns sin(pi*x)/(pi*x) | |
| 426 freqz -- compute the frequency response of a filter | |
| 427 | |
| 428 * The meaning of nargin (== args.length ()) in built-in functions | |
| 429 has been changed to match the meaning of nargin in user-defined | |
| 430 functions. | |
| 431 | |
| 432 * Variable return lists. Octave now has a real mechanism for | |
| 433 handling functions that return an unspecified number of values, | |
| 434 so it is no longer necessary to place an upper bound on the number | |
| 435 of outputs that a function can produce. | |
| 436 | |
| 437 Here is an example of a function that uses the new syntax to | |
| 438 produce n values: | |
| 439 | |
| 440 function [...] = foo (n) | |
| 441 for i = 1:n | |
| 442 vr_val (i * x); | |
| 443 endfor | |
| 444 endfunction | |
| 445 | |
| 446 * New keyword, all_va_args, that allows the entire list of va_args | |
| 447 to be passed to another function. For example, given the functions | |
| 448 | |
| 449 function f (...) | |
| 450 while (nargin--) | |
| 451 disp (va_arg ()) | |
| 452 endwhile | |
| 453 endfunction | |
| 454 function g (...) | |
| 455 f ("begin", all_va_args, "end") | |
| 456 endfunction | |
| 457 | |
| 458 the statement | |
| 459 | |
| 460 g (1, 2, 3) | |
| 461 | |
| 462 prints | |
| 463 | |
| 464 begin | |
| 465 1 | |
| 466 2 | |
| 467 3 | |
| 468 end | |
| 469 | |
| 470 all_va_args may be used more than once, but can only be used | |
| 471 within functions that take a variable number of arguments. | |
| 472 | |
| 473 * If given a second argument, svd now returns an economy-sized | |
| 474 decomposition, eliminating the unecessary rows or columns of U or | |
| 475 V. | |
| 476 | |
| 477 * The max and min functions correctly handle complex matrices in | |
| 478 which some columns contain real values only. | |
| 479 | |
| 480 * The find function now handles 2 and 3 output arguments. | |
| 481 | |
| 482 * The qr function now allows computation of QR with pivoting. | |
| 483 | |
| 484 * hilb() is much faster for large matrices. | |
| 485 | |
| 486 * computer() is now a built-in function. | |
| 487 | |
| 488 * pinv() is now a built-in function. | |
| 489 | |
| 490 * The output from the history command now goes through the pager. | |
| 491 | |
| 492 * If a function is called without assigning the result, nargout is | |
| 493 now correctly set to 0. | |
| 494 | |
| 495 * It is now possible to write functions that only set some return | |
| 496 values. For example, calling the function | |
| 497 | |
| 498 function [x, y, z] = f () x = 1; z = 2; endfunction | |
| 499 | |
| 500 as | |
| 501 | |
| 502 [a, b, c] = f () | |
| 503 | |
| 504 produces: | |
| 505 | |
| 506 a = 1 | |
| 507 | |
| 508 b = [](0x0) | |
| 509 | |
| 510 c = 2 | |
| 511 | |
| 512 * The shell_cmd function has been renamed to system (the name | |
| 513 shell_cmd remains for compatibility). It now returns [output, status]. | |
| 514 | |
| 515 * New built-in variable `OCTAVE_VERSION'. Also a new function, | |
| 516 version, for compatibility with Matlab. | |
| 517 | |
| 518 * New built-in variable `automatic_replot'. If it is "true", Octave | |
| 519 will automatically send a replot command to gnuplot each time the | |
| 520 plot changes. Since this is fairly inefficient, the default value | |
| 521 is "false". | |
| 522 | |
| 523 * New built-in variable `whitespace_in_literal_matrix' allows some | |
| 524 control over how Octave decides to convert spaces to commas in | |
| 525 matrix expressions like `[m (1)]'. | |
| 526 | |
| 527 If the value of `whitespace_in_literal_matrix' is "ignore", Octave | |
| 528 will never insert a comma or a semicolon in a literal matrix list. | |
| 529 For example, the expression `[1 2]' will result in an error | |
| 530 instead of being treated the same as `[1, 2]', and the expression | |
| 531 | |
| 532 [ 1, 2, | |
| 533 3, 4 ] | |
| 534 | |
| 535 will result in the vector [1 2 3 4] instead of a matrix. | |
| 536 | |
| 537 If the value of `whitespace_in_literal_matrix' is "traditional", | |
| 538 Octave will convert spaces to a comma between identifiers and `('. | |
| 539 For example, given the matrix | |
| 540 | |
| 541 m = [3 2] | |
| 542 | |
| 543 the expression | |
| 544 | |
| 545 [m (1)] | |
| 546 | |
| 547 will be parsed as | |
| 548 | |
| 549 [m, (1)] | |
| 550 | |
| 551 and will result in | |
| 552 | |
| 553 [3 2 1] | |
| 554 | |
| 555 and the expression | |
| 556 | |
| 557 [ 1, 2, | |
| 558 3, 4 ] | |
| 559 | |
| 560 will result in a matrix because the newline character is converted | |
| 561 to a semicolon (row separator) even though there is a comma at the | |
| 562 end of the first line (trailing commas or semicolons are ignored). | |
| 563 This is apparently how Matlab behaves. | |
| 564 | |
| 565 Any other value for `whitespace_in_literal_matrix' results in | |
| 566 behavior that is the same as traditional, except that Octave does | |
| 567 not convert spaces to a comma between identifiers and `('. | |
| 568 For example, the expression | |
| 569 | |
| 570 [m (1)] | |
| 571 | |
| 572 will produce 3. This is the way Octave has always behaved. | |
| 573 | |
| 574 * Line numbers in error messages for functions defined in files and | |
| 575 for script files now correspond to the file line number, not the | |
| 576 number of lines after the function keyword appeared. | |
| 577 | |
| 578 * Octave now extracts help from script files. The comments must | |
| 579 come before any other statements in the file. | |
| 580 | |
| 581 * In function files, the first block of comments in the file will | |
| 582 now be interpreted as the help text if it doesn't look like the | |
| 583 Octave copyright notice. Otherwise, Octave extracts the first set | |
| 584 of comments after the function keyword. | |
| 585 | |
| 586 * The function clock is more accurate on systems that have the | |
| 587 gettimeofday() function. | |
| 588 | |
| 589 * The standard output stream is now automatically flushed before | |
| 590 reading from stdin with any of the *scanf() functions. | |
| 591 | |
| 592 * Expanded reference card. | |
| 593 | |
| 594 * The Octave distribution now includes a frequently asked questions | |
| 595 file, with answers. Better answers and more questions (with | |
| 596 answers!) are welcome. | |
| 597 | |
| 598 * New option --verbose. If Octave is invoked with --verbose and not | |
| 599 --silent, a message is printed if an octaverc file is read while | |
| 600 Octave is starting. | |
| 601 | |
| 602 * An improved configure script generated by Autoconf 2.0. | |
| 603 | |
| 604 * Lots of bug fixes. | |
| 605 </pre> | |
| 606 | |
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607 ### Version 1.0 |
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608 |
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609 - C-style I/O functions now handle files referenced by name or by |
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610 number more consistently. |
| 215 | 611 |
| 612 | |
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613 ### Version 0.83 |
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614 |
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615 - Loading global symbols should work now. |
| 215 | 616 |
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617 - Clearing the screen doesn't reprint the prompt unnecessarily. |
| 215 | 618 |
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619 - The operations `<complex scalar> OP <real matrix>` for `OP == +, -, *, or ./` |
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620 no longer crash Octave. |
| 215 | 621 |
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622 - More portability and configuration fixes. |
| 215 | 623 |
| 624 | |
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625 ### Version 0.82 |
| 215 | 626 |
| 627 <pre> | |
| 628 * Octave now comes with a reference card. | |
| 629 | |
| 630 * The manual has been improved, but more work remains to be done. | |
| 631 | |
| 632 * The atanh function now works for complex arguments. | |
| 633 | |
| 634 * The asin, acos, acosh, and atanh functions now work properly when | |
| 635 given real-valued arguments that produce complex results. | |
| 636 | |
| 637 * SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, and SEEK_END are now constants. | |
| 638 | |
| 639 * The `using' qualifier now works with gplot and gsplot when the | |
| 640 data to plot is coming directly from a file. | |
| 641 | |
| 642 * The strcmp function now works correctly for empty strings. | |
| 643 | |
| 644 * Eliminated bogus parse error for M-files that don't end with `end' | |
| 645 or `endfunction'. | |
| 646 | |
| 647 * For empty matrices with one nonzero dimension, the +, -, .*, and | |
| 648 ./ operators now correctly preserve the dimension. | |
| 649 | |
| 650 * Octave no longer crashes if you type ^D at the beginning of a line | |
| 651 in the middle of defining a loop or if statement. | |
| 652 | |
| 653 * On AIX systems, Back off on indexing DiagArray via Proxy class to | |
| 654 avoid gcc (or possibly AIX assembler?) bug. | |
| 655 | |
| 656 * Various other bug and portability fixes. | |
| 657 </pre> | |
| 658 | |
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659 ### Version 0.81 |
| 215 | 660 |
| 661 <pre> | |
| 662 * Octave no longer dumps core if you try to define a function in | |
| 663 your .octaverc file. | |
| 664 | |
| 665 * Fixed bug in Array class that resulted in bogus off-diagonal | |
| 666 elements when computing eigenvalue and singular value | |
| 667 decompositions. | |
| 668 | |
| 669 * Fixed bug that prevented lsode from working on the SPARCstation, | |
| 670 at least with some versions of Sun's f77. This bug was introduced | |
| 671 in 0.80, when I changed LSODE to allow the user to abort the | |
| 672 integration from within the RHS function. | |
| 673 | |
| 674 * Fixed bug that prevented global attribute of variables from being | |
| 675 saved with save(), and another that prevented load() from working | |
| 676 at all. | |
| 677 </pre> | |
| 678 | |
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679 ### Version 0.80 |
| 215 | 680 |
| 681 <pre> | |
| 682 * I have started working on a manual for the C++ classes. At this | |
| 683 point, it is little more than a list of function names. If you | |
| 684 would like to volunteer to help work on this, please contact | |
| 685 bug-octave@bevo.che.wisc.edu. | |
| 686 | |
| 687 * The patterns accepted by the save and clear commands now work like | |
| 688 file name globbing patterns instead of regular expressions. I | |
| 689 apologize for any inconvenience this change may cause, but file | |
| 690 name globbing seems like a more reasonable style of pattern | |
| 691 matching for this purpose. | |
| 692 | |
| 693 * It is now possible to specify tolerances and other optional inputs | |
| 694 for dassl, fsolve, lsode, npsol, qpsol, and quad. For each of | |
| 695 these functions, there is a corresponding function X_options, | |
| 696 which takes a keyword and value arguments. If invoked without any | |
| 697 arguments, the X_options functions print a list of possible | |
| 698 keywords and current values. For example, | |
| 699 | |
| 700 npsol_options () | |
| 701 | |
| 702 prints a list of possible options with values, and | |
| 703 | |
| 704 npsol_options ("major print level", 10) | |
| 705 | |
| 706 sets the major print level to 10. | |
| 707 | |
| 708 The keyword match is not case sensitive, and the keywords may be | |
| 709 abbreviated to the shortest unique match. For example, | |
| 710 | |
| 711 npsol_options ("ma p", 10) | |
| 712 | |
| 713 is equivalent to the statement shown above. | |
| 714 | |
| 715 * The new built-in variable save_precision can be used to set the | |
| 716 number of digits preserved by the ASCII save command. | |
| 717 | |
| 718 * Assignment of [] now works in most cases to allow you to delete | |
| 719 rows or columns of matrices and vectors. For example, given a | |
| 720 4x5 matrix A, the assignment | |
| 721 | |
| 722 A (3, :) = [] | |
| 723 | |
| 724 deletes the third row of A, and the assignment | |
| 725 | |
| 726 A (:, 1:2:5) = [] | |
| 727 | |
| 728 deletes the first, third, and fifth columns. | |
| 729 | |
| 730 * Variable argument lists. Octave now has a real mechanism for | |
| 731 handling functions that take an unspecified number of arguments, | |
| 732 so it is no longer necessary to place an upper bound on the number | |
| 733 of optional arguments that a function can accept. | |
| 734 | |
| 735 Here is an example of a function that uses the new syntax to print | |
| 736 a header followed by an unspecified number of values: | |
| 737 | |
| 738 function foo (heading, ...) | |
| 739 disp (heading); | |
| 740 va_start (); | |
| 741 while (--nargin) | |
| 742 disp (va_arg ()); | |
| 743 endwhile | |
| 744 endfunction | |
| 745 | |
| 746 Note that the argument list must contain at least one named | |
| 747 argument (this restriction may eventually be removed), and the | |
| 748 ellipsis must appear as the last element of the argument list. | |
| 749 | |
| 750 Calling va_start() positions an internal pointer to the first | |
| 751 unnamed argument and allows you to cycle through the arguments | |
| 752 more than once. It is not necessary to call va_start() if you | |
| 753 do not plan to cycle through the arguments more than once. | |
| 754 | |
| 755 * Recursive functions should work now. | |
| 756 | |
| 757 * The environment variable OCTAVE_PATH is now handled in the same | |
| 758 way as TeX handles TEXINPUTS. If the path starts with `:', the | |
| 759 standard path is prepended to the value obtained from the | |
| 760 environment. If it ends with `:' the standard path is appended to | |
| 761 the value obtained from the environment. | |
| 762 | |
| 763 * New functions, from Kurt Hornik (hornik@neuro.tuwien.ac.at) and | |
| 764 the Department of Probability Theory and Statistics TU Wien, | |
| 765 Austria: | |
| 766 | |
| 767 corrcoef -- corrcoef (X, Y) is the correlation between the i-th | |
| 768 variable in X and the j-th variable in Y | |
| 769 corrcoef (X) is corrcoef (X, X) | |
| 770 cov -- cov (X, Y) is the covariance between the i-th | |
| 771 variable in X and the j-th variable in Y | |
| 772 cov (X) is cov (X, X) | |
| 773 gls -- generalized least squares estimation | |
| 774 kurtosis -- kurtosis(x) = N^(-1) std(x)^(-4) SUM_i (x(i)-mean(x))^4 - 3 | |
| 775 If x is a matrix, return the row vector containing | |
| 776 the kurtosis of each column | |
| 777 mahalanobis -- returns Mahalanobis' D-square distance between the | |
| 778 multivariate samples X and Y, which must have the | |
| 779 same number of components (columns), but may have | |
| 780 a different number of observations (rows) | |
| 781 ols -- ordinary least squares estimation | |
| 782 pinv -- returns the pseudoinverse of X; singular values | |
| 783 less than tol are ignored | |
| 784 skewness -- skewness (x) = N^(-1) std(x)^(-3) SUM_i (x(i)-mean(x))^3 | |
| 785 if x is a matrix, return the row vector containing | |
| 786 the skewness of each column | |
| 787 | |
| 788 * Errors in user-supplied functions called from dassl, fsolve, | |
| 789 lsode, npsol, and quad are handled more gracefully. | |
| 790 | |
| 791 * Programming errors in the use of the C++ classes within Octave | |
| 792 should no longer cause Octave to abort. Instead, Octave's error | |
| 793 handler function is called and execution continues as best as is | |
| 794 possible. This should result in eventually returning control to | |
| 795 the top-level Octave prompt. (It would be nice to have a real | |
| 796 exception handling mechanism...) | |
| 797 | |
| 798 * A number of memory leaks have been eliminated. Thanks to | |
| 799 Fong Kin Fui <fui@ee.nus.sg> for reporting them. | |
| 800 | |
| 801 * The C++ matrix classes are now derived from a generic | |
| 802 template-based array class. | |
| 803 | |
| 804 * The readline function operate-and-get-next (from bash) is now | |
| 805 available and bound to C-O by default. | |
| 806 | |
| 807 * Octave now uses the version of readline currently distributed with | |
| 808 bash-1.13. On some systems, interactive invocations of Octave | |
| 809 will now blink the cursor to show matching parens. | |
| 810 | |
| 811 * By default, include files are now installed in | |
| 812 $prefix/include/octave instead of $prefix/include. | |
| 813 | |
| 814 * Octave now uses a config.h file instead of putting all defines on | |
| 815 the compiler command line. | |
| 816 </pre> | |
| 817 | |
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818 ### Version 0.79 |
| 215 | 819 |
| 820 <pre> | |
| 821 * New control systems functions: | |
| 822 | |
| 823 dgram -- Returns the discrete controllability and observability gramian. | |
| 824 dlqr -- Discrete linear quadratic regulator design. | |
| 825 dlqe -- Discrete linear quadratic estimator (Kalman Filter) design. | |
| 826 c2d -- Convert continuous system description to discrete time | |
| 827 description assuming zero-order hold and given sample time. | |
| 828 | |
| 829 * The max (min) functions can now return the index of the max (min) | |
| 830 value as a second return value. | |
| 831 </pre> | |
| 832 | |
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833 ### Version 0.78 |
| 215 | 834 |
| 835 <pre> | |
| 836 * Octave's handling of global variables has been completely | |
| 837 rewritten. To access global variables inside a function, you must | |
| 838 now declare them to be global within the function body. Likewise, | |
| 839 if you do not declare a variable as global at the command line, | |
| 840 you will not have access to it within a function, even if it is | |
| 841 declared global there. For example, given the function | |
| 842 | |
| 843 function f () | |
| 844 global x = 1; | |
| 845 y = 2; | |
| 846 endfunction | |
| 847 | |
| 848 the global variable `x' is not visible at the top level until the | |
| 849 command | |
| 850 | |
| 851 octave:13> global x | |
| 852 | |
| 853 has been evaluated, and the variable `y' remains local to the | |
| 854 function f() even if it is declared global at the top level. | |
| 855 | |
| 856 Clearing a global variable at the top level will remove its global | |
| 857 scope and leave it undefined. For example, | |
| 858 | |
| 859 octave:1> function f () # Define a function that accesses | |
| 860 > global x; # the global variable `x'. | |
| 861 > x | |
| 862 > endfunction | |
| 863 octave:2> global x = 1 # Give the variable `x' a value. | |
| 864 octave:3> f () # Evaluating the function accesses the | |
| 865 x = 1 # global `x'. | |
| 866 octave:4> clear x # Remove `x' from global scope, clear value. | |
| 867 octave:5> x = 2 # Define new local `x' at the top level | |
| 868 x = 2 | |
| 869 octave:6> f # The global `x' is no longer defined. | |
| 870 error: `x' undefined near line 1 column 25 | |
| 871 error: evaluating expression near line 1, column 25 | |
| 872 error: called from `f' | |
| 873 octave:7> x # But the local one is. | |
| 874 x = 2 | |
| 875 | |
| 876 * The new function, `is_global (string)' returns 1 if the variable | |
| 877 named by string is globally visible. Otherwise, returns 0. | |
| 878 | |
| 879 * The implementation of `who' has changed. It now accepts the | |
| 880 following options: | |
| 881 | |
| 882 -b -builtins -- display info for built-in variables and functions | |
| 883 -f -functions -- display info for currently compiled functions | |
| 884 -v -variables -- display info for user variables | |
| 885 -l -long -- display long info | |
| 886 | |
| 887 The long output looks like this: | |
| 888 | |
| 889 octave:5> who -l | |
| 890 | |
| 891 *** currently compiled functions: | |
| 892 | |
| 893 prot type rows cols name | |
| 894 ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== | |
| 895 wd user function - - f | |
| 896 | |
| 897 *** local user variables: | |
| 898 | |
| 899 prot type rows cols name | |
| 900 ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== | |
| 901 wd real scalar 1 1 y | |
| 902 | |
| 903 *** globally visible user variables: | |
| 904 | |
| 905 prot type rows cols name | |
| 906 ==== ==== ==== ==== ==== | |
| 907 wd complex matrix 13 13 x | |
| 908 | |
| 909 where the first character of the `protection' field is `w' if the | |
| 910 symbol can be redefined, and `-' if it has read-only access. The | |
| 911 second character may be `d' if the symbol can be deleted, or `-' | |
| 912 if the symbol cannot be cleared. | |
| 913 | |
| 914 * The new built-in variable ignore_function_time_stamp can be used | |
| 915 to prevent Octave from calling stat() each time it looks up | |
| 916 functions defined in M-files. If set to "system", Octave will not | |
| 917 automatically recompile M-files in subdirectories of | |
| 918 $OCTAVE_HOME/lib/VERSION if they have changed since they were last | |
| 919 compiled, but will recompile other M-files in the LOADPATH if they | |
| 920 change. If set to "all", Octave will not recompile any M-files | |
| 921 unless their definitions are removed with clear. For any other | |
| 922 value of ignore_function_time_stamp, Octave will always check to | |
| 923 see if functions defined in M-files need to recompiled. The | |
| 924 default value of ignore_function_time_stamp is "system". | |
| 925 | |
| 926 * The new built-in variable EDITOR can be used to specify the editor | |
| 927 for the edit_history command. It is set to the value of the | |
| 928 environment variable EDITOR, or `vi' if EDITOR is not set, or is | |
| 929 empty. | |
| 930 | |
| 931 * There is a new built-in variable, INFO_FILE, which is used as the | |
| 932 location of the info file. Its initial value is | |
| 933 $OCTAVE_HOME/info/octave.info, so `help -i' should now work | |
| 934 provided that OCTAVE_HOME is set correctly, even if Octave is | |
| 935 installed in a directory different from that specified at compile | |
| 936 time. | |
| 937 | |
| 938 * There is a new command line option, --info-file FILE, that may be | |
| 939 used to set Octave's idea of the location of the info file. It | |
| 940 will override any value of OCTAVE_INFO_FILE found in the | |
| 941 environment, but not any INFO_FILE="filename" commands found in | |
| 942 the system or user startup files. | |
| 943 | |
| 944 * Octave's Info reader will now recognize gzipped files that have | |
| 945 names ending in `.gz'. | |
| 946 | |
| 947 * The save command now accepts regular expressions as arguments. | |
| 948 Note that these patterns are regular expressions, and do not work | |
| 949 like filename globbing. For example, given the variables `a', | |
| 950 `aa', and `a1', the command `save a*' saves `a' and `aa' but not | |
| 951 `a1'. To match all variables beginning with `a', you must use an | |
| 952 expression like `a.*' (match all sequences beginning with `a' | |
| 953 followed by zero or more characters). | |
| 954 | |
| 955 * Line and column information is included in more error messages. | |
| 956 </pre> | |
| 957 | |
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958 ### Version 0.77 |
| 215 | 959 |
| 960 <pre> | |
| 961 * Improved help. The command `help -i topic' now uses the GNU Info | |
| 962 browser to display help for the given topic directly from the | |
| 963 Texinfo documenation. | |
| 964 | |
| 965 * New function: chol -- Cholesky factorization. | |
| 966 </pre> | |
| 967 | |
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968 ### Version 0.76 |
| 215 | 969 |
| 970 <pre> | |
| 971 * Better run-time error messages. Many now include line and column | |
| 972 information indicating where the error occurred. Octave will also | |
| 973 print a traceback for errors occurring inside functions. If you | |
| 974 find error messages that could use improvement, or errors that | |
| 975 Octave fails to catch, please send a bug report to | |
| 976 bug-octave@bevo.che.wisc.edu. | |
| 977 | |
| 978 * If gplot (or gsplot) is given a string to plot, and the string | |
| 979 does not name a file, Octave will pass the string along to gnuplot | |
| 980 directly. This allows commands like | |
| 981 | |
| 982 gplot "sin (x)" w l, data w p | |
| 983 | |
| 984 to work (assuming that data is a variable containing a matrix of | |
| 985 values). | |
| 986 | |
| 987 * Long options (--help, --version, etc.) are supported. | |
| 988 </pre> | |
| 989 | |
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990 ### Version 0.75 |
| 215 | 991 |
| 992 <pre> | |
| 993 * The documentation is much more complete, but still could use a lot | |
| 994 of work. | |
| 995 | |
| 996 * The history function now prints line numbers by default. The | |
| 997 command `history -q' will omit them. | |
| 998 | |
| 999 * The clear function now accepts regular expressions. | |
| 1000 | |
| 1001 * If gplot (or gsplot) is given a string to plot, and the string | |
| 1002 names a file, Octave attempts to plot the contents of the file. | |
| 1003 | |
| 1004 * New functions: | |
| 1005 | |
| 1006 history: | |
| 1007 | |
| 1008 run_history -- run commands from the history list. | |
| 1009 edit_history -- edit commands from the history list with your | |
| 1010 favorite editor. | |
| 1011 | |
| 1012 linear algebra: | |
| 1013 | |
| 1014 balance -- Balancing for algebraic and generalized | |
| 1015 eigenvalue problems. | |
| 1016 givens -- Givens rotation. | |
| 1017 is_square -- Check to see if a matrix is square. | |
| 1018 qzhess -- QZ decomposition of the matrix pencil (a - lambda b). | |
| 1019 qzval -- Generalized eigenvalues for real matrices. | |
| 1020 syl -- Sylvester equation solver. | |
| 1021 | |
| 1022 control systems: | |
| 1023 | |
| 1024 is_symmetric -- Check to see if a matrix is symmetric. | |
| 1025 abcddim -- Check dimensions of linear dynamic system [A,B,C,D]. | |
| 1026 is_controllable -- Check to see if [A,B,C,D] is controllable. | |
| 1027 is_observable -- Check to see if [A,B,C,D] is observable. | |
| 1028 are -- Solve algebraic Ricatti equation. | |
| 1029 dare -- Solve discrete-time algebraic Ricatti equation. | |
| 1030 lqe -- Kalman filter design for continuous linear system. | |
| 1031 lqr -- Linear Quadratic Regulator design. | |
| 1032 lyap -- Solve Lyapunov equation. | |
| 1033 dlyap -- Solve discrete Lyapunov equation. | |
| 1034 tzero -- Compute the transmission zeros of [A,B,C,D]. | |
| 1035 </pre> | |
| 1036 | |
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1037 ### Version 0.74 |
| 215 | 1038 |
| 1039 <pre> | |
| 1040 * Formal parameters to functions are now always considered to be | |
| 1041 local variables, so things like | |
| 1042 | |
| 1043 global x = 0 | |
| 1044 global y = 0 | |
| 1045 function y = f (x) x = 1; y = x; end | |
| 1046 f (x) | |
| 1047 | |
| 1048 result in the function returning 1, with the global values of x | |
| 1049 and y unchanged. | |
| 1050 | |
| 1051 * Multiple assignment expressions are now allowed to take indices, | |
| 1052 so things like | |
| 1053 | |
| 1054 octave:13> [a([1,2],[3,4]), b([5,6],[7,8])] = lu ([1,2;3,4]) | |
| 1055 | |
| 1056 will work correctly. | |
| 1057 </pre> | |
| 1058 | |
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1059 ### Version 0.73 |
| 215 | 1060 |
| 1061 <pre> | |
| 1062 * Saving and loading global variables works correctly now. | |
| 1063 | |
| 1064 * The save command no longer saves built-in variables. | |
| 1065 | |
| 1066 * Global variables are more reliable. | |
| 1067 | |
| 1068 * Matrices may now have one or both dimensions zero, so that | |
| 1069 operations on empty matrices are now handled more consistently. | |
| 1070 | |
| 1071 By default, dimensions of the empty matrix are now printed along | |
| 1072 with the empty matrix symbol, `[]'. For example: | |
| 1073 | |
| 1074 octave:13> zeros (3, 0) | |
| 1075 ans = | |
| 1076 | |
| 1077 [](3x0) | |
| 1078 | |
| 1079 The new variable `print_empty_dimensions' controls this behavior. | |
| 1080 | |
| 1081 See also Carl de Boor, An Empty Exercise, SIGNUM, Volume 25, | |
| 1082 pages 2--6, 1990, or C. N. Nett and W. M. Haddad, A | |
| 1083 System-Theoretic Appropriate Realization of the Empty Matrix | |
| 1084 Concept, IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, Volume 38, | |
| 1085 Number 5, May 1993. | |
| 1086 | |
| 1087 * The right and left division operators `/' and `\' will now find a | |
| 1088 minimum norm solution if the system is not square, or if the | |
| 1089 coefficient matrix is singular. | |
| 1090 | |
| 1091 * New functions: | |
| 1092 | |
| 1093 hess -- Hessenberg decomposition | |
| 1094 schur -- Ordered Schur factorization | |
| 1095 perror -- print error messages corresponding to error codes | |
| 1096 returned from the functions fsolve, npsol, and qpsol | |
| 1097 (with others to possibly be added later). | |
| 1098 | |
| 1099 * Octave now prints a warning if it finds anything other than | |
|
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1100 whitespace or comments after the final `end` or `endfunction` |
| 215 | 1101 statement. |
| 1102 | |
| 1103 * The bodies of functions, and the for, while, and if commands are | |
| 1104 now allowed to be empty. | |
| 1105 | |
| 1106 * Support for Gill and Murray's QPSOL has been added. Like NPSOL, | |
| 1107 QPSOL is not freely redistributable either, so you must obtain | |
| 1108 your own copy to be able to use this feature. More information | |
| 1109 about where to find QPSOL and NPSOL are in the file README.NLP. | |
| 1110 </pre> | |
| 1111 | |
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1112 ### Version 0.72 |
| 215 | 1113 |
| 1114 <pre> | |
| 1115 * For numeric output, columns are now lined up on the decimal point. | |
| 1116 (This requires libg++-2.3.1 or later to work correctly). | |
| 1117 | |
| 1118 * If octave is running interactively and the output intended for the | |
| 1119 screen is longer than one page and a pager is available, it is | |
| 1120 sent to the pager through a pipe. You may specify the program to | |
| 1121 use as the pager by setting the variable PAGER. PAGER may also | |
| 1122 specify a command pipeline. | |
| 1123 | |
| 1124 * Spaces are not always significant inside square brackets now, so | |
| 1125 commands like | |
| 1126 | |
| 1127 [ linspace (1, 2) ] | |
| 1128 | |
| 1129 will work. However, some possible sources of confusion remain | |
| 1130 because Octave tries (possibly too hard) to determine exactly what | |
| 1131 operation is intended from the context surrounding an operator. | |
| 1132 For example: | |
| 1133 | |
| 1134 -- In the command | |
| 1135 | |
| 1136 [ 1 - 1 ] | |
| 1137 | |
| 1138 the `-' is treated as a binary operator and the result is the | |
| 1139 scalar 0, but in the command | |
| 1140 | |
| 1141 [ 1 -1 ] | |
| 1142 | |
| 1143 the `-' is treated as a unary operator and the result is the | |
| 1144 vector [ 1 -1 ]. | |
| 1145 | |
| 1146 -- In the command | |
| 1147 | |
| 1148 a = 1; [ 1 a' ] | |
| 1149 | |
| 1150 the single quote character `'' is treated as a transpose operator | |
| 1151 and the result is the vector [ 1 1 ], but in the command | |
| 1152 | |
| 1153 a = 1; [ 1 a ' ] | |
| 1154 | |
| 1155 an error message indicating an unterminated string constant is | |
| 1156 printed. | |
| 1157 | |
| 1158 * Assignments are just expressions now, so they are valid anywhere | |
| 1159 other expressions are. This means that things like | |
| 1160 | |
| 1161 if (a = n < m) ... endif | |
| 1162 | |
| 1163 are valid. This is parsed as: compare `n < m', assign the result | |
| 1164 to the variable `a', and use it as the test expression in the if | |
| 1165 statement. | |
| 1166 | |
| 1167 To help avoid errors where `=' has been used but `==' was | |
| 1168 intended, Octave issues a warning suggesting parenthesis around | |
| 1169 assignments used as truth values. You can suppress this warning | |
| 1170 by adding parenthesis, or by setting the value of the new built-in | |
| 1171 variable `warn_assign_as_truth_value' to 'false' (the default | |
| 1172 value is 'true'). | |
| 1173 | |
| 1174 This is also true for multiple assignments, so expressions like | |
| 1175 | |
| 1176 [a, b, c] = [u, s, v] = expression | |
| 1177 | |
| 1178 are now possible. If the expression is a function, nargout is set | |
| 1179 to the number of arguments for the right-most assignment. The | |
| 1180 other assignments need not contain the same number of elements. | |
| 1181 Extra left hand side variables in an assignment become undefined. | |
| 1182 | |
| 1183 * The default line style for plots is now `lines' instead of | |
| 1184 `points'. To change it, use the `set data style STYLE' command. | |
| 1185 | |
| 1186 * New file handling and I/O functions: | |
| 1187 | |
| 1188 fopen -- open a file for reading or writing | |
| 1189 fclose -- close a file | |
| 1190 fflush -- flush output to a file | |
| 1191 fgets -- read characters from a file | |
| 1192 frewind -- set file position to the beginning of a file | |
| 1193 fseek -- set file position | |
| 1194 ftell -- tell file position | |
| 1195 freport -- print a report for all open files | |
| 1196 fscanf -- read from a file | |
| 1197 sscanf -- read from a string | |
| 1198 scanf -- read from the standard input | |
| 1199 | |
| 1200 * New built-in variables for file and I/O functions: | |
| 1201 | |
| 1202 stdin -- file number corresponding to the standard input stream. | |
| 1203 stdout -- file number corresponding to the standard output stream. | |
| 1204 stderr -- file number corresponding to the standard error stream. | |
| 1205 | |
| 1206 The following may be used as the final (optional) argument for | |
| 1207 fseek: | |
| 1208 | |
| 1209 SEEK_SET -- set position relative to the beginning of the file. | |
| 1210 SEEK_CUR -- set position relative to the current position. | |
| 1211 SEEK_END -- set position relative to the end of the file. | |
| 1212 | |
| 1213 * New function: setstr -- convert vectors or scalars to strings | |
| 1214 (doesn't work for matrices yet). | |
| 1215 | |
| 1216 * If possible, computer now prints the system type instead of | |
| 1217 always printing `Hi Dave, I'm a HAL-9000'. | |
| 1218 | |
| 1219 * Octave now properly saves and restores its internal state | |
| 1220 correctly in more places. Interrupting Octave while it is | |
| 1221 executing a script file no longer causes it to exit. | |
| 1222 | |
| 1223 * Octave now does tilde expansion on each element of the LOADPATH. | |
| 1224 | |
| 1225 * A number of memory leaks have been plugged. | |
| 1226 | |
| 1227 * Dependencies for C++ source files are now generated automatically | |
| 1228 by g++. | |
| 1229 | |
| 1230 * There is a new command line option, -p PATH, that may be used to | |
| 1231 set Octave's loadpath from the command line. It will override any | |
| 1232 value of OCTAVE_PATH found in the environment, but not any | |
| 1233 LOADPATH="path" commands found in the system or user startup files. | |
| 1234 | |
| 1235 * It is now possible to override Octave's default idea of the | |
| 1236 location of the system-wide startup file (usually stored in | |
| 1237 $(prefix)/lib/octave/octaverc) using the environment variable | |
| 1238 OCTAVE_HOME. If OCTAVE_HOME has a value, Octave will look for | |
| 1239 octaverc and its M-files in the directory $OCTAVE_HOME/lib/octave. | |
| 1240 | |
| 1241 This allows people who are using binary distributions (as is | |
| 1242 common with systems like Linux) to install the real octave binary | |
| 1243 in any directory (using a name like octave.bin) and then install | |
| 1244 a simple script like this | |
| 1245 | |
| 1246 #!/bin/sh | |
| 1247 OCTAVE_HOME=/foo/bar/baz | |
| 1248 export OCTAVE_HOME | |
| 1249 exec octave.bin | |
| 1250 | |
| 1251 to be invoked as octave. | |
| 1252 | |
| 1253 </pre> | |
| 1254 | |
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1255 ### Version 0.71 |
| 215 | 1256 |
| 1257 <pre> | |
| 1258 * Much improved plotting facility. With this release, Octave does | |
| 1259 not require a specially modified version of gnuplot, so gnuplot | |
| 1260 sources are no longer distributed with Octave. For a more | |
| 1261 detailed description of the new plotting features, see the file | |
| 1262 PLOTTING. | |
| 1263 | |
| 1264 * New plotting commands: | |
| 1265 | |
| 1266 plot -- 2D plots | |
| 1267 semilogx -- 2D semilog plot with logscale on the x axis | |
| 1268 semilogy -- 2D semilog plot with logscale on the y axis | |
| 1269 loglog -- 2D log-log plot | |
| 1270 mesh -- 3D mesh plot | |
| 1271 meshdom -- create matrices for 3D plotting from two vectors | |
| 1272 contour -- contour plots of 3D data | |
| 1273 bar -- create bar graphs | |
| 1274 stairs -- create stairstep plots | |
| 1275 polar -- 2D plots from theta-R data | |
| 1276 grid -- turn plot grid lines on or off | |
| 1277 xlabel, ylabel -- place labels on the x and y axes of 2D plots | |
| 1278 sombrero -- demonstrate 3D plotting | |
| 1279 gplot -- 2D plot command with gnuplot-like syntax | |
| 1280 gsplot -- 3D plot command with gnuplot-like syntax | |
| 1281 set -- set plot options with gnuplot syntax | |
| 1282 show -- show plot options with gnuplot syntax | |
| 1283 closeplot -- close stream to gnuplot process | |
| 1284 purge_tmp_files -- delete temporary files created by plot command | |
| 1285 | |
| 1286 * Other new commands: | |
| 1287 | |
| 1288 ls, dir -- print a directory listing | |
| 1289 shell_cmd -- execute shell commands | |
| 1290 keyboard -- get input from keyboard, useful for debugging | |
| 1291 menu -- display a menu of options and ask for input | |
| 1292 fft -- fast fourier transform | |
| 1293 ifft -- inverse fast fourier transform | |
| 1294 | |
| 1295 * Strings may be enclosed in either single or double quote | |
| 1296 characters. Double quote characters are not special within single | |
| 1297 quote strings, and single quotes are not special within double | |
| 1298 quote strings. | |
| 1299 | |
| 1300 * Command name completion now works for M-file names too. | |
| 1301 | |
| 1302 * Better help and usage messages for many functions. | |
| 1303 | |
| 1304 * Help is now available for functions defined in M-files. The first | |
| 1305 block of comments is taken as the text of the help message. | |
| 1306 | |
| 1307 * Numerous changes in preparation to support dynamic loading of | |
| 1308 object files with dld. | |
| 1309 | |
| 1310 * Bug fixes to make solving DAEs with dassl actually work. | |
| 1311 | |
| 1312 * The command `save file' now saves all variables in the named file. | |
| 1313 | |
| 1314 * If do_fortran_indexing is 'true', indexing a scalar with | |
| 1315 [1,1,1,...] (n times) replicates its value n times. The | |
| 1316 orientation of the resulting vector depends on the value of | |
| 1317 prefer_column_vectors. | |
| 1318 | |
| 1319 * Things like [[1,2][3,4]] no longer cause core dumps, and invalid | |
| 1320 input like [1,2;3,4,[5,6]] now produces a diagnositic message. | |
| 1321 | |
| 1322 * The cd, save, and load commands now do tilde expansion. | |
| 1323 | |
| 1324 * It's now possible to clear global variables and functions by name. | |
| 1325 | |
| 1326 * Use of clear inside functions is now a parse error. | |
| 1327 </pre> | |
| 1328 | |
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1329 ### Version 0.70 |
| 215 | 1330 |
| 1331 <pre> | |
| 1332 * Better parse error diagnostics. For interactive input, you get | |
| 1333 messages like | |
| 1334 | |
| 1335 octave:1> a = 3 + * 4; | |
| 1336 | |
| 1337 parse error: | |
| 1338 | |
| 1339 a = 3 + * 4; | |
| 1340 ^ | |
| 1341 | |
| 1342 and for script files, the message includes the file name and input | |
| 1343 line number: | |
| 1344 | |
| 1345 octave:1> foo | |
| 1346 | |
| 1347 parse error near line 4 of file foo.m: | |
| 1348 | |
| 1349 a = 3 + * 4; | |
| 1350 ^ | |
| 1351 | |
| 1352 * New built-in variable PS2 which is used as the secondary prompt. | |
| 1353 The default value is '> '. | |
| 1354 | |
| 1355 * New file, octave-mode.el, for editing Octave code with GNU Emacs. | |
| 1356 This is a modified version of Matthew R. Wette's matlab-mode.el. | |
| 1357 | |
| 1358 * Better support for missing math functions. | |
| 1359 | |
| 1360 * User preferences are now cached in a global struct so we don't | |
| 1361 have to do a symbol table lookup each time we need to know what | |
| 1362 they are. This should mean slightly improved performance for | |
| 1363 evaluating expressions. | |
| 1364 </pre> | |
| 1365 | |
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1366 ### Version 0.69 |
| 215 | 1367 |
| 1368 <pre> | |
| 1369 * Multiple assignments are now possible, so statements like | |
| 1370 | |
| 1371 a = b = c = 3; | |
| 1372 a = b = c = [1,2;3,4]; | |
| 1373 | |
| 1374 or | |
| 1375 | |
| 1376 c = (a = (b = 2) * 3 + 4) * 5 | |
| 1377 | |
| 1378 are legal, as are things that have even more bizarre effects, like | |
| 1379 | |
| 1380 a(4:6,4:6) = b(2:3,2:3) = [1,2;3,4]; | |
| 1381 | |
| 1382 (try it). | |
| 1383 | |
| 1384 * Improved parsing of strings (but they still don't work as matrix | |
| 1385 elements). | |
| 1386 | |
| 1387 * An M-file may now either define a function or be a list of | |
| 1388 commands to execute. | |
| 1389 | |
| 1390 * Better detection and conditional compilation of IEEE functions | |
| 1391 isinf, finite, and isnan. | |
| 1392 | |
| 1393 * Replacements for acosh, asinh, atanh, and gamma from the BSD math | |
| 1394 library for those systems that don't have them. | |
| 1395 </pre> | |
| 1396 | |
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1397 ### Version 0.68 |
| 215 | 1398 |
| 1399 <pre> | |
| 1400 * New functions: | |
| 1401 | |
| 1402 eval -- evaluate a string as a sequence of Octave commands. | |
| 1403 input -- print a prompt and get user input. | |
| 1404 </pre> | |
| 1405 | |
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1406 ### Version 0.67 |
| 215 | 1407 |
| 1408 <pre> | |
| 1409 * New functions: | |
| 1410 | |
| 1411 find -- return the indices of nonzero elements. | |
| 1412 | |
| 1413 * Zero-one style indexing now works. For example, | |
| 1414 | |
| 1415 a = [1,2,3,4]; | |
| 1416 b = a([1,0,0,1]) | |
| 1417 | |
| 1418 sets b to the first and fourth elememnts of a. | |
| 1419 | |
| 1420 Zero-one style indexing also works for indexing the left hand side | |
| 1421 of an assignment. For example, | |
| 1422 | |
| 1423 a = rand (1,2;3,4); | |
| 1424 a([0,1],:) = [-1,-2] | |
| 1425 | |
| 1426 sets the second row of a to [-1 -2] | |
| 1427 | |
| 1428 The behavior for the ambiguous case | |
| 1429 | |
| 1430 a = [1,2,3,4]; | |
| 1431 b = a([1,1,1,1]); | |
| 1432 | |
| 1433 is controlled by the new global variable `prefer_zero_one_indexing'. | |
| 1434 If this variable is equal to 'true', b will be set to [1 2 3 4]. | |
| 1435 If it is false, b will be set to [1 1 1 1]. The default value is | |
| 1436 'false'. | |
| 1437 | |
| 1438 * Using the new global variable `propagate_empty_matrices', it is | |
| 1439 possible to have unary andy binary operations on empty matrices | |
| 1440 return an empty matrix. The default value of this variable is | |
| 1441 'warn', so that empty matrices are propagated but you get a | |
| 1442 warning. Some functions, like eig and svd have also been changed | |
| 1443 to handle this. | |
| 1444 | |
| 1445 * Empty matrices can be used in conditionals, but they always | |
| 1446 evaluate to `false'. With propagate_empty_matrices = 'true', both | |
| 1447 of the following expressions print 0: | |
| 1448 | |
| 1449 if [], 1, else 0, end | |
| 1450 if ~[], 1, else 0, end | |
| 1451 | |
| 1452 * Octave no longer converts input like `3.2 i' or `3 I' to complex | |
| 1453 constants directly because that causes problems inside square | |
| 1454 brackets, where spaces are important. This abbreviated notation | |
| 1455 *does* work if there isn't a space between the number and the i, | |
| 1456 I, j, or J. | |
| 1457 </pre> | |
| 1458 | |
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1459 ### Version 0.66 |
| 215 | 1460 |
| 1461 <pre> | |
| 1462 * Logical unary not operator (~ or !) now works for complex. | |
| 1463 | |
| 1464 * Left division works. | |
| 1465 | |
| 1466 * Right and left element by element division should work correctly | |
| 1467 now. | |
| 1468 | |
| 1469 * Numbers like .3e+2 are no longer errors. | |
| 1470 | |
| 1471 * Indexing a matrix with a complex value doesn't cause a core dump. | |
| 1472 | |
| 1473 * The min and max functions should work correctly for two arguments. | |
| 1474 | |
| 1475 * Improved (I hope!) configuration checks. | |
| 1476 | |
| 1477 * Octave is now installed as octave-M.N, where M and N are version | |
| 1478 numbers, and octave is a link to that file. This makes it | |
| 1479 possible to have more than one version of the interpreter installed. | |
| 1480 </pre> | |
| 1481 | |
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1482 ### Version 0.63 |
| 215 | 1483 |
| 1484 <pre> | |
| 1485 * The reshape function works again. | |
| 1486 | |
| 1487 * Octave now converts input like `3.2i' or `3 I' or `2.3e5 j' to be | |
| 1488 complex constants directly, rather than requiring an expression | |
| 1489 like `3.3 * i' to be evaluated. | |
| 1490 </pre> | |
| 1491 | |
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1492 ### Version 0.61 |
| 215 | 1493 |
| 1494 <pre> | |
| 1495 * Octave has been successfully compiled using gcc 2.3.3 and libg++ 2.3. | |
| 1496 on a 486 system running Linux. | |
| 1497 | |
| 1498 * The win_texas_lotto function is now called texas_lotto (it's a | |
| 1499 script file, and win_texas_lotto.m is too long for some Linux and | |
| 1500 System V systems). | |
| 1501 </pre> | |
| 1502 | |
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1503 ### Version 0.57 |
| 215 | 1504 |
| 1505 <pre> | |
| 1506 * The C-like formatted print functions printf, fprintf, and sprintf | |
| 1507 finally work. | |
| 1508 </pre> | |
| 1509 | |
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1510 ### Version 0.56 |
| 215 | 1511 |
| 1512 <pre> | |
| 1513 * By default, octave prints a short disclaimer when it starts. | |
| 1514 (You can suppress it by invoking octave with -q). | |
| 1515 | |
| 1516 * You can keep octave from reading your ~/.octaverc and .octaverc | |
| 1517 files by invoking it with -f. | |
| 1518 | |
| 1519 * When returning two values, eig now returns [v, d] instead of | |
| 1520 [lambda, v], where d is a diagonal matrix made from lambda. | |
| 1521 | |
| 1522 * The win_texas_lotto function now produces a sorted list. | |
| 1523 | |
| 1524 * New functions: | |
| 1525 | |
| 1526 expm -- matrix exponential. | |
| 1527 logm -- matrix logarithm. | |
| 1528 </pre> | |
| 1529 | |
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1530 ### Version 0.55 |
| 215 | 1531 |
| 1532 <pre> | |
| 1533 * The following (C-style) backslash escape sequences work in quoted | |
| 1534 strings (useful(?) with printf()): | |
| 1535 | |
| 1536 \a bell \r carriage return | |
| 1537 \b backspace \t horizontal tab | |
| 1538 \f formfeed \v vertical tab | |
| 1539 \n newline \\ backslash | |
| 1540 | |
| 1541 * Use of `...' at the end of a line will allow a statement to | |
| 1542 continue over more than one line. | |
| 1543 | |
| 1544 * The names `inf' and `nan' are now aliases for `Inf' and `NaN', | |
| 1545 respectively. | |
| 1546 | |
| 1547 * New functions: | |
| 1548 | |
| 1549 casesen -- print a warning if the luser tries to turn off case | |
| 1550 sensitivity. | |
| 1551 median -- find median value. | |
| 1552 norm -- compute the norm of a matrix. | |
| 1553 sort -- sort columns. | |
| 1554 | |
| 1555 * New variable, `silent_functions'. If silent_functions == 'true', | |
| 1556 the results of expressions are not printed even if they are not | |
| 1557 followed by a semicolon. The disp() and printf() functions still | |
| 1558 result in output. The default value for this variable is 'false'. | |
| 1559 | |
| 1560 * New variable `return_last_value_computed'. If it is 'true', | |
| 1561 functions defined in script files return the last value computed | |
| 1562 if a return value has not been explicitly declared. The default | |
| 1563 value for this variable is 'false'. | |
| 1564 </pre> | |
| 1565 | |
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1566 ### Version 0.52 |
| 215 | 1567 |
| 1568 <pre> | |
| 1569 * Name completion works for function and variable names currently in | |
| 1570 the symbol tables. Coming soon: completion for names of functions | |
| 1571 defined in script files but not yet compiled. | |
| 1572 | |
| 1573 * The initial value of do_fortran_indexing is now false, and the | |
| 1574 initial value of prefer_column_vectors is now true. Swap the | |
| 1575 values of these variables if you want behavior that is more like | |
| 1576 Matlab. | |
| 1577 | |
| 1578 * All script files check the number of input arguments before doing | |
| 1579 much real work. | |
| 1580 | |
| 1581 * The identifiers `i' and `j' are now also names for sqrt(-1). | |
| 1582 These symbols may be used for other purposes, but their original | |
| 1583 definition will reappear if they are cleared. | |
| 1584 | |
| 1585 * The symbol tables are now implemented with hash tables for faster | |
| 1586 searching. | |
| 1587 | |
| 1588 * A small amount of help is now available for most built-in | |
| 1589 operators, keywords and functions. Coming soon: help for script | |
| 1590 files. | |
| 1591 | |
| 1592 * Without any arguments, the help command now lists all known | |
| 1593 built-in operators, keywords and functions. | |
| 1594 | |
| 1595 * Generic parse errors are now signalled by `Eh, what's up doc?', | |
| 1596 which is closer to what Bugs actually says. | |
| 1597 | |
| 1598 * The who command now only prints variable names by default. | |
| 1599 Use the -fcn (or -fcns, or -functions) switch to print the names of | |
| 1600 built-in or currently compiled functions. | |
| 1601 </pre> | |
| 1602 | |
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1603 ### Version 0.51 |
| 215 | 1604 |
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1605 - Major overhaul of array indexing. |
| 215 | 1606 |
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1607 - The colloc function actually works now. |
| 215 | 1608 |
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1609 |
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1610 ### Version 0.50 |
| 215 | 1611 |
| 1612 <pre> | |
| 1613 * The lsode and dassl functions now return the states only, | |
| 1614 instead of the time and the states, so you must keep track of | |
| 1615 the corresponding times (this is easy though, because you have | |
| 1616 to specify a vector of desired output times anyway). | |
| 1617 | |
| 1618 * Solution of NLPs with NPSOL now works on the SPARC. | |
| 1619 | |
| 1620 * New keywords `endif', `endfor', `endfunction', `endif', and | |
| 1621 `endwhile', which allow for better diagnostics. The `end' keyword | |
| 1622 is still recognized. All script files have been changed to use | |
| 1623 these new keywords in place of `end'. | |
| 1624 | |
| 1625 * It is now possible to uninstall Octave by doing a `make uninstall' | |
| 1626 in the top level directory. | |
| 1627 | |
| 1628 * The Makefiles are much closer to conforming with GNU coding standards. | |
| 1629 | |
| 1630 * New functions: | |
| 1631 | |
| 1632 win_texas_lotto -- produce six unique random numbers between 1 and 50. | |
| 1633 quad -- numerical integration. | |
| 1634 lu -- LU factorization | |
| 1635 qr -- QR factorization | |
| 1636 dassl -- Solution of DAEs using DASSL. | |
| 1637 | |
| 1638 * New files: | |
| 1639 | |
| 1640 THANKS -- A list of people and organazations who have supported | |
| 1641 the development of Octave. | |
| 1642 | |
| 1643 NEWS -- This file, listing recent changes. | |
| 1644 | |
| 1645 * Help is now available at the gnuplot prompt. | |
| 1646 </pre> |