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annotate scripts/image/rgb2ind.m @ 18075:24759ac2b8cb stable

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doc: Periodic spellcheck of documentation * aspell-octave.en.pws: Remove WebKit from private dictionary. * external.txi: Fix typos and use two spaces for sentence breaks. * install.txi: Use @nospell macro around gl2ps. * rgb2ind.m: Correct British spelling of colour to American spelling.
author Rik <rik@octave.org>
date Wed, 04 Dec 2013 08:41:22 -0800
parents b8cd17571a1d
children 4197fc428c7d
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1 ## Copyright (C) 1994-2013 John W. Eaton
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2 ## Copyright (C) 2012 Carnë Draug
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3 ##
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4 ## This file is part of Octave.
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5 ##
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6 ## Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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7 ## under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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8 ## the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at
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9 ## your option) any later version.
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10 ##
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11 ## Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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12 ## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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13 ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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14 ## General Public License for more details.
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15 ##
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16 ## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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17 ## along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see
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18 ## <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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19
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20 ## -*- texinfo -*-
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21 ## @deftypefn {Function File} {[@var{x}, @var{map}] =} rgb2ind (@var{rgb})
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22 ## @deftypefnx {Function File} {[@var{x}, @var{map}] =} rgb2ind (@var{R}, @var{G}, @var{B})
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23 ## Convert an image in red-green-blue (RGB) color space to an indexed image.
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24 ##
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25 ## The input image @var{rgb} can be specified as a single matrix of size
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26 ## @nospell{MxNx3}, or as three separate variables, @var{R}, @var{G}, and
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27 ## @var{B}, its three colour channels, red, green, and blue.
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28 ##
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29 ## It outputs an indexed image @var{x} and a colormap @var{map} to interpret
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30 ## an image exactly the same as the input. No dithering or other form of color
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31 ## quantization is performed. The output class of the indexed image @var{x}
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32 ## can be uint8, uint16 or double, whichever is required to specify the
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33 ## number of unique colors in the image (which will be equal to the number
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34 ## of rows in @var{map}) in order
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35 ##
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36 ## Multi-dimensional indexed images (of size @nospell{MxNx3xK}) are also
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37 ## supported, both via a single input (@var{rgb}) or its three colour channels
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38 ## as separate variables.
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39 ##
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40 ## @seealso{ind2rgb, rgb2hsv, rgb2ntsc}
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41 ## @end deftypefn
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42
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43 ## FIXME: This function has a very different syntax than the Matlab
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44 ## one of the same name.
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45 ## Octave function does not support N, MAP, DITHER, or TOL arguments.
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46
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47 ## Author: Tony Richardson <arichard@stark.cc.oh.us>
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48 ## Created: July 1994
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49 ## Adapted-By: jwe
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50
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51 function [x, map] = rgb2ind (R, G, B)
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52
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53 if (nargin != 1 && nargin != 3)
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54 print_usage ();
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55 endif
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56
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57 if (nargin == 1)
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58 rgb = R;
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59 if (ndims (rgb) > 4 || size (rgb, 3) != 3)
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60 error ("rgb2ind: argument is not an RGB image");
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61 else
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62 R = rgb(:,:,1,:);
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63 G = rgb(:,:,2,:);
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64 B = rgb(:,:,3,:);
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65 endif
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66 elseif (! size_equal (R, G, B))
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67 error ("rgb2ind: R, G, and B must have the same size");
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68 endif
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69
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70 x = reshape (1:numel (R), size (R));
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71
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72 map = unique ([R(:) G(:) B(:)], "rows");
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73 [~, x] = ismember ([R(:) G(:) B(:)], map, "rows");
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74 x = reshape (x, size (R));
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75
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76 ## a colormap is of class double and values between 0 and 1
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77 switch (class (R))
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78 case {"single", "double", "logical"}
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79 ## do nothing, return the same
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80 case {"uint8", "uint16"}
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81 map = double (map) / double (intmax (class (R)));
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82 case "int16"
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83 map = (double (im) + 32768) / 65535;
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84 otherwise
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85 error ("unsupported image class %s", im_class);
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86 endswitch
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87
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88 ## we convert to the smallest class necessary to encode the image. Matlab
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89 ## documentation does not mention what it does when uint16 is not enough...
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90 ## When an indexed image is of integer class, there's a -1 offset to the
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91 ## colormap, hence the adjustment
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92 if (rows (map) < 256)
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93 x = uint8 (x - 1);
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94 elseif (rows (map) < 65536)
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95 x = uint16 (x - 1);
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96 else
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97 ## leave it as double
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98 endif
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99
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100 endfunction
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101
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102 %% Test input validation
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103 %!error rgb2ind ()
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104 %!error rgb2ind (1,2,3,4,5,6,7)
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105 %!error <RGB> rgb2ind (rand (10, 10, 4))
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106
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107 ## FIXME: the following tests simply make sure that rgb2ind and ind2rgb
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108 ## reverse each other. We should have better tests for this.
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109
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110 ## Typical usage
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111 %!test
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112 %! rgb = rand (10, 10, 3);
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113 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb);
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114 %! assert (ind2rgb (ind, map), rgb);
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115 %!
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116 %! ## test specifying the RGB channels separated
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117 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb(:,:,1), rgb(:,:,2), rgb(:,:,3));
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118 %! assert (ind2rgb (ind, map), rgb);
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119
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120 ## Test N-dimensional images
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121 %!test
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122 %! rgb = rand (10, 10, 3, 10);
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123 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb);
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124 %! assert (ind2rgb (ind, map), rgb);
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125 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb(:,:,1,:), rgb(:,:,2,:), rgb(:,:,3,:));
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126 %! assert (ind2rgb (ind, map), rgb);
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127
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128 ## Test output class
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129 %!test
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130 %! ## this should have more than 65536 unique colors
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131 %! rgb = rand (1000, 1000, 3);
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132 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb);
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133 %! assert (class (ind), "double");
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134 %! assert (class (map), "double");
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135 %!
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136 %! ## and this should have between 255 and 65536 unique colors
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137 %! rgb = rand (20, 20, 3);
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138 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb);
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139 %! assert (class (ind), "uint16");
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140 %! assert (class (map), "double");
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141 %!
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142 %! ## and this certainly less than 256 unique colors
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143 %! rgb = rand (10, 10, 3);
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144 %! [ind, map] = rgb2ind (rgb);
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145 %! assert (class (ind), "uint8");
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146 %! assert (class (map), "double");
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147