annotate scripts/general/gradient.m @ 5837:55404f3b0da1

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author jwe
date Thu, 01 Jun 2006 19:05:32 +0000
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1 ## Copyright (C) 2000 Kai Habel
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2 ##
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3 ## This file is part of Octave.
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4 ##
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5 ## Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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6 ## under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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7 ## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
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8 ## any later version.
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9 ##
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10 ## Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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11 ## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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12 ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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13 ## General Public License for more details.
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14 ##
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15 ## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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16 ## along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, write to the Free
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17 ## Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
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18 ## 02110-1301, USA.
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19
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20 ## -*- texinfo -*-
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21 ## @deftypefn {Function File} {@var{x} = } gradient (@var{M})
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22 ## @deftypefnx {Function File} {[@var{x}, @var{y}, @dots{}] = } gradient (@var{M})
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23 ## @deftypefnx {Function File} {[@dots{}] = } gradient (@var{M}, @var{s})
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24 ## @deftypefnx {Function File} {[@dots{}] = } gradient (@var{M}, @var{dx}, @var{dy}, @dots{})
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25 ##
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26 ## Calculates the gradient. @code{@var{x} = gradient (@var{M})}
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27 ## calculates the one dimensional gradient if @var{M} is a vector. If
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28 ## @var{M} is a matrix the gradient is calculated for each row.
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29 ##
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30 ## @code{[@var{x}, @var{y}] = gradient (@var{M})} calculates the one
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31 ## dimensional gradient for each direction if @var{M} if @var{M} is a
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32 ## matrix. Additional return arguments can be use for multi-dimensional
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33 ## matrices.
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34 ##
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35 ## Spacing values between two points can be provided by the
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36 ## @var{dx}, @var{dy} or @var{h} parameters. If @var{h} is supplied it
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37 ## is assumed to be the spacing in all directions. Otherwise, seperate
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38 ## values of the spacing can be supplied by the @var{dx}, etc variables.
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39 ## A scalar value specifies an equidistant spacing, while a vector value
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40 ## can be used to specify a variable spacing. The length must match
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41 ## their respective dimension of @var{M}.
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42 ##
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43 ## At boundary points a linear extrapolation is applied. Interior points
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44 ## are calculated with the first approximation of the numerical gradient
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45 ##
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46 ## @example
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47 ## y'(i) = 1/(x(i+1)-x(i-1)) *(y(i-1)-y(i+1)).
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48 ## @end example
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49 ##
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50 ## @end deftypefn
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51
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52 ## Author: Kai Habel <kai.habel@gmx.de>
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53 ## Modified: David Bateman <dbateman@free.fr> Added NDArray support
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54
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55 function [varargout] = gradient (M, varargin)
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56
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57 if ((nargin < 1))
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58 print_usage ()
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59 endif
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60
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61 transposed = false;
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62 if (isvector (M))
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63 ## make a column vector
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64 transposed = (size(M,2) == 1);
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65 M = M(:)';
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66 endif
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67
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68 nd = ndims (M);
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69 sz = size (M);
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70 if (nargin > 2 && nargin != nd + 1)
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71 print_usage ()
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72 endif
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73
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74 d = cell(1,nd);
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75 if (nargin == 1)
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76 for i=1:nd
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77 d{i} = ones(sz(i), 1);
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78 endfor
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79 elseif (nargin == 2)
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80 if (isscalar (varargin{1}))
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81 for i=1:nd
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82 d{i} = varargin{1} * ones(sz(i), 1);
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83 endfor
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84 else
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85 for i=1:nd
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86 d{i} = varargin{1};
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87 endfor
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88 endif
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89 else
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90 for i=1:nd
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91 if (isscalar (varargin{1}))
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92 d{i} = varargin{i} * ones(sz(i), 1);
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93 else
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94 d{i} = varargin{i};
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95 endif
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96 endfor
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97
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98 ## Why the hell did matlab decide to swap these two values?
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99 tmp = d{1};
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100 d{1} = d{2};
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101 d{2} = tmp;
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102 endif
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103
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104 for i = 1:max(2,min(nd,nargout))
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105 mr = sz(i);
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106 mc = prod([sz(1:i-1),sz(i+1:nd)]);
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107 Y = zeros (size(M), class(M));
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108
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109 if (mr > 1)
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110 ## top and bottom boundary
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111 Y(1, :) = diff (M(1:2, :)) / d{i}(1);
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112 Y(mr, :) = diff (M(mr - 1:mr, :)) / d{i}(mr - 1);
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113 endif
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114
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115 if (mr > 2)
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116 ## interior points
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117 Y(2:mr-1, :) = (M(3:mr, :) .- M(1:mr - 2, :)) ./ ...
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118 kron (d{i}(1:mr - 2) .+ d{i}(2:mr - 1), ones(1, mc));
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119 endif
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120 varargout{i} = ipermute (Y, [i:nd,1:i-1]);
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121 M = permute (M, [2:nd,1]);
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122 endfor
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123
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124 ## Why the hell did matlab decide to swap these two values?
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125 tmp = varargout{1};
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126 varargout{1} = varargout{2};
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127 varargout{2} = tmp;
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128
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129 if (transposed)
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130 varargout{1} = varargout{1}.';
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131 endif
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132 endfunction