Mercurial > octave-nkf
annotate doc/interpreter/install.txi @ 9895:5a4f8d52bb0e
Eliminate false dependency on conf.texi
Several files included conf.texi but did not use any of the values
defined there. Eliminate the unneeded dependency to simplify the
build process.
| author | Rik <rdrider0-list@yahoo.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Tue, 01 Dec 2009 10:38:27 -0800 |
| parents | 7f77e5081e83 |
| children | d0e0bb2ebebb |
| rev | line source |
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| 8920 | 1 @c Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 2007, 2008, 2009 John W. Eaton |
| 7018 | 2 @c |
| 3 @c This file is part of Octave. | |
| 4 @c | |
| 5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
| 7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at | |
| 8 @c your option) any later version. | |
| 9 @c | |
| 10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | |
| 11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
| 12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
| 13 @c for more details. | |
| 14 @c | |
| 15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
| 16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see | |
| 17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
| 3294 | 18 |
| 7018 | 19 @c The text of this file appears in the file INSTALL in the Octave |
| 20 @c distribution, as well as in the Octave manual. | |
| 3294 | 21 |
| 22 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
| 4167 | 23 @node Installation |
| 3294 | 24 @appendix Installing Octave |
| 25 @end ifclear | |
| 26 | |
| 27 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
| 28 | |
| 29 This file documents the installation of Octave. | |
| 30 | |
| 31 Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 32 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
| 33 Free Software Foundation. | |
| 34 | |
| 7144 | 35 @strong{Note:} This file is automatically generated from |
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36 @file{doc/interpreter/install.txi} in the Octave sources. To update |
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37 the documentation make changes to the .txi source file rather than this |
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38 derived file. |
| 7144 | 39 |
| 4167 | 40 @node Installation |
| 3294 | 41 @chapter Installing Octave |
| 42 @end ifset | |
| 43 | |
| 44 @cindex installing Octave | |
| 45 | |
| 46 Here is the procedure for installing Octave from scratch on a Unix | |
| 3862 | 47 system. |
| 3294 | 48 |
| 49 @itemize @bullet | |
| 50 @item | |
| 51 Run the shell script @file{configure}. This will determine the features | |
| 52 your system has (or doesn't have) and create a file named | |
| 53 @file{Makefile} from each of the files named @file{Makefile.in}. | |
| 54 | |
| 55 Here is a summary of the configure options that are most frequently used | |
| 56 when building Octave: | |
| 57 | |
| 58 @table @code | |
| 59 @item --prefix=@var{prefix} | |
| 60 Install Octave in subdirectories below @var{prefix}. The default value | |
| 61 of @var{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}. | |
| 62 | |
| 63 @item --srcdir=@var{dir} | |
| 64 Look for Octave sources in the directory @var{dir}. | |
| 65 | |
| 7091 | 66 @item --enable-bounds-check |
| 67 Enable bounds checking for indexing operators in the internal array | |
| 68 classes. This option is primarily used for debugging Octave. Building | |
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69 Octave with this option has a negative impact on performance and is not |
| 7091 | 70 recommended for general use. |
| 3294 | 71 |
| 7091 | 72 @item --enable-64 |
| 73 This is an @strong{experimental} option to enable Octave to use 64-bit | |
| 74 integers for array dimensions and indexing on 64-bit platforms. You | |
| 75 probably don't want to use this option unless you know what you are | |
| 76 doing. | |
| 77 | |
| 78 If you use @code{--enable-64}, you must ensure that your Fortran | |
| 79 compiler generates code with 8 byte signed @code{INTEGER} values, and | |
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80 that your @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} libraries are compiled to use 8 byte |
| 7091 | 81 signed integers for array dimensions and indexing. |
| 3294 | 82 |
| 83 @item --enable-shared | |
| 7091 | 84 Create shared libraries (this is the default). If you are planning to |
| 85 use the dynamic loading features, you will probably want to use this | |
| 86 option. It will make your @file{.oct} files much smaller and on some | |
| 87 systems it may be necessary to build shared libraries in order to use | |
| 88 dynamically linked functions. | |
| 3294 | 89 |
| 90 You may also want to build a shared version of @code{libstdc++}, if your | |
| 7081 | 91 system doesn't already have one. |
| 3294 | 92 |
| 93 @item --enable-dl | |
| 94 Use @code{dlopen} and friends to make Octave capable of dynamically | |
| 7091 | 95 linking externally compiled functions (this is the default if |
| 96 @code{--enable-shared} is specified). This option only works on systems | |
| 97 that actually have these functions. If you plan on using this feature, you | |
| 3294 | 98 should probably also use @code{--enable-shared} to reduce the size of |
| 99 your @file{.oct} files. | |
| 100 | |
| 7091 | 101 @item --without-blas |
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102 Compile and use the generic @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} versions included with |
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103 Octave. By default, configure first looks for @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} matrix |
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104 libraries on your system, including optimized @sc{blas} implementations such |
| 7091 | 105 as the free ATLAS 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of |
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106 an optimized @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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107 operations.) Only use this option if your system has @sc{blas}/@sc{lapack} |
| 7091 | 108 libraries that cause problems for some reason. You can also use |
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109 @code{--with-blas=lib} to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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110 that configure doesn't check for automatically. |
| 7091 | 111 |
| 112 @item --without-ccolamd | |
| 113 Don't use CCOLAMD, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 114 | |
| 115 @item --without-colamd | |
| 116 Don't use COLAMD, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 117 | |
| 118 @item --without-curl | |
| 9880 | 119 Don't use the cURL, disable the ftp objects, @code{urlread} and @code{urlwrite} |
| 7091 | 120 functions. |
| 3294 | 121 |
| 7091 | 122 @item --without-cxsparse |
| 123 Don't use CXSPARSE, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 124 | |
| 125 @item --without-umfpack | |
| 126 Don't use UMFPACK, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 127 | |
| 128 @item --without-fftw | |
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129 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library instead of the @sc{fftw} library. |
| 3294 | 130 |
| 7091 | 131 @item --without-glpk |
| 132 Don't use the GLPK library for linear programming. | |
| 133 | |
| 134 @item --without-hdf5 | |
| 135 Don't use the HDF5 library for reading and writing HDF5 files. | |
| 136 | |
| 137 @item --without-zlib | |
| 138 Don't use the zlib library, disable data file compression and support | |
| 139 for recent MAT file formats. | |
| 140 | |
| 141 @item --without-lapack | |
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142 Compile and use the generic @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} versions included with |
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143 Octave. By default, configure first looks for @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} matrix |
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144 libraries on your system, including optimized @sc{blas} implementations such |
| 3690 | 145 as the free ATLAS 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of |
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146 an optimized @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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147 operations.) Only use this option if your system has @sc{blas}/@sc{lapack} |
| 3690 | 148 libraries that cause problems for some reason. You can also use |
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149 @code{--with-blas=lib} to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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150 that configure doesn't check for automatically. |
| 3690 | 151 |
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152 @item --without-framework-carbon |
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153 Don't use framework Carbon headers, libraries and specific source code |
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154 for compilation even if the configure test succeeds (the default value |
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155 is @code{--with-framework-carbon}). This is a platform specific configure |
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156 option for Mac systems. |
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157 |
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158 @item --without-framework-opengl |
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159 Don't use framework OpenGL headers, libraries and specific source code |
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160 for compilation even if the configure test succeeds. If this option is |
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161 given then OpenGL headers and libraries in standard system locations are |
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162 tested (the default value is @code{--with-framework-opengl}). This is a |
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163 platform specific configure option for Mac systems. |
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164 |
| 3294 | 165 @item --help |
| 166 Print a summary of the options recognized by the configure script. | |
| 167 @end table | |
| 168 | |
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169 See the file @file{INSTALL} for more general information about the |
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170 command line options used by configure. That file also contains |
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171 instructions for compiling in a directory other than where the source |
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172 is located. |
| 3294 | 173 |
| 174 @item | |
| 175 Run make. | |
| 176 | |
| 177 You will need a recent version of GNU Make. Modifying Octave's | |
| 178 makefiles to work with other make programs is probably not worth | |
| 179 your time. We recommend you get and compile GNU Make instead. | |
| 180 | |
| 181 For plotting, you will need to have gnuplot installed on your system. | |
| 182 Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive function plotting program. | |
| 183 Gnuplot is copyrighted, but freely distributable. The `gnu' in gnuplot | |
| 184 is a coincidence---it is not related to the GNU project or the FSF in | |
| 185 any but the most peripheral sense. | |
| 186 | |
| 7091 | 187 To compile Octave, you will need a recent version of GNU Make. You will |
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188 also need a recent version of @code{g++} or other ANSI C++ compiler. You |
| 7091 | 189 will also need a Fortran 77 compiler or @code{f2c}. If you use |
| 190 @code{f2c}, you will need a script like @code{fort77} that works like a | |
| 191 normal Fortran compiler by combining @code{f2c} with your C compiler in | |
| 192 a single script. | |
| 3294 | 193 |
| 194 If you plan to modify the parser you will also need GNU @code{bison} and | |
| 195 @code{flex}. If you modify the documentation, you will need GNU | |
| 196 Texinfo, along with the patch for the @code{makeinfo} program that is | |
| 197 distributed with Octave. | |
| 198 | |
| 199 GNU Make, @code{gcc}, and @code{libstdc++}, @code{gnuplot}, | |
| 200 @code{bison}, @code{flex}, and Texinfo are all available from many | |
| 201 anonymous ftp archives. The primary site is @url{ftp.gnu.org}, but it | |
| 202 is often very busy. A list of sites that mirror the software on | |
| 203 @url{ftp.gnu.org} is available by anonymous ftp from | |
| 204 @url{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FTP}. | |
| 205 | |
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206 You will need about 1 gigabyte of disk storage to work with when |
| 7091 | 207 building Octave from source (considerably less if you don't compile with |
| 208 debugging symbols). To do that, use the command | |
| 3294 | 209 |
| 210 @example | |
| 211 make CFLAGS=-O CXXFLAGS=-O LDFLAGS= | |
| 212 @end example | |
| 213 | |
| 214 @noindent | |
| 215 instead of just @samp{make}. | |
| 216 | |
| 217 @item | |
| 218 If you encounter errors while compiling Octave, first check the list of | |
| 219 known problems below to see if there is a workaround or solution for | |
| 220 your problem. If not, | |
| 221 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
| 222 see @ref{Trouble}, | |
| 223 @end ifclear | |
| 224 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
| 225 see the file BUGS | |
| 226 @end ifset | |
| 227 for information about how to report bugs. | |
| 228 | |
| 229 @item | |
| 230 Once you have successfully compiled Octave, run @samp{make install}. | |
| 231 | |
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232 This will install a copy of Octave, its libraries, and its documentation |
| 3294 | 233 in the destination directory. As distributed, Octave is installed in |
| 234 the following directories. In the table below, @var{prefix} defaults to | |
| 235 @file{/usr/local}, @var{version} stands for the current version number | |
| 236 of the interpreter, and @var{arch} is the type of computer on which | |
| 237 Octave is installed (for example, @samp{i586-unknown-gnu}). | |
| 238 | |
| 239 @table @file | |
| 240 @item @var{prefix}/bin | |
| 241 Octave and other binaries that people will want to run directly. | |
| 242 | |
| 243 @item @var{prefix}/lib | |
| 244 Libraries like libcruft.a and liboctave.a. | |
| 245 | |
| 246 @item @var{prefix}/share | |
| 247 Architecture-independent data files. | |
| 248 | |
| 249 @item @var{prefix}/include/octave | |
| 250 Include files distributed with Octave. | |
| 251 | |
| 252 @item @var{prefix}/man/man1 | |
| 253 Unix-style man pages describing Octave. | |
| 254 | |
| 255 @item @var{prefix}/info | |
| 256 Info files describing Octave. | |
| 257 | |
| 258 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/m | |
| 259 Function files distributed with Octave. This includes the Octave | |
| 260 version, so that multiple versions of Octave may be installed at the | |
| 261 same time. | |
| 262 | |
| 263 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/exec/@var{arch} | |
| 264 Executables to be run by Octave rather than the user. | |
| 265 | |
| 266 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/oct/@var{arch} | |
| 267 Object files that will be dynamically loaded. | |
| 268 | |
| 269 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/imagelib | |
| 270 Image files that are distributed with Octave. | |
| 271 @end table | |
| 272 @end itemize | |
| 273 | |
| 274 @menu | |
| 275 * Installation Problems:: | |
| 276 @end menu | |
| 277 | |
| 4167 | 278 @node Installation Problems |
| 3294 | 279 @appendixsec Installation Problems |
| 280 | |
| 281 This section contains a list of problems (and some apparent problems | |
| 282 that don't really mean anything is wrong) that may show up during | |
| 283 installation of Octave. | |
| 284 | |
| 285 @itemize @bullet | |
| 286 @item | |
| 287 On some SCO systems, @code{info} fails to compile if | |
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288 @w{@code{HAVE_TERMIOS_H}} is defined in @file{config.h}. Simply removing |
| 3294 | 289 the definition from @file{info/config.h} should allow it to compile. |
| 290 | |
| 291 @item | |
| 292 If @code{configure} finds @code{dlopen}, @code{dlsym}, @code{dlclose}, | |
| 293 and @code{dlerror}, but not the header file @file{dlfcn.h}, you need to | |
| 294 find the source for the header file and install it in the directory | |
| 295 @file{usr/include}. This is reportedly a problem with Slackware 3.1. | |
| 296 For Linux/GNU systems, the source for @file{dlfcn.h} is in the | |
| 297 @code{ldso} package. | |
| 298 | |
| 299 @item | |
| 300 Building @file{.oct} files doesn't work. | |
| 301 | |
| 302 You should probably have a shared version of @code{libstdc++}. A patch | |
| 303 is needed to build shared versions of version 2.7.2 of @code{libstdc++} | |
| 304 on the HP-PA architecture. You can find the patch at | |
| 305 @url{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/g++/libg++-2.7.2-hppa-gcc-fix}. | |
| 306 | |
| 307 @item | |
| 3464 | 308 On some alpha systems there may be a problem with the @code{libdxml} |
| 309 library, resulting in floating point errors and/or segmentation faults in | |
| 310 the linear algebra routines called by Octave. If you encounter such | |
| 311 problems, then you should modify the configure script so that | |
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312 @w{@code{SPECIAL_MATH_LIB}} is not set to @code{-ldxml}. |
| 3464 | 313 |
| 314 @item | |
| 3294 | 315 On FreeBSD systems Octave may hang while initializing some internal |
| 316 constants. The fix appears to be to use | |
| 317 | |
| 318 @example | |
| 319 options GPL_MATH_EMULATE | |
| 320 @end example | |
| 321 | |
| 322 @noindent | |
| 323 rather than | |
| 324 | |
| 325 @example | |
| 326 options MATH_EMULATE | |
| 327 @end example | |
| 328 | |
| 329 @noindent | |
| 330 in the kernel configuration files (typically found in the directory | |
| 331 @file{/sys/i386/conf}. After making this change, you'll need to rebuild | |
| 332 the kernel, install it, and reboot. | |
| 333 | |
| 334 @item | |
| 335 If you encounter errors like | |
| 336 | |
| 6670 | 337 @example |
| 3294 | 338 @group |
| 339 passing `void (*)()' as argument 2 of | |
| 340 `octave_set_signal_handler(int, void (*)(int))' | |
| 341 @end group | |
| 6670 | 342 @end example |
| 3294 | 343 |
| 344 @noindent | |
| 345 or | |
| 346 | |
| 6670 | 347 @example |
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348 @group |
| 7081 | 349 warning: ANSI C++ prohibits conversion from `(int)' |
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350 to `(@dots{})' |
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351 @end group |
| 6670 | 352 @end example |
| 3294 | 353 |
| 354 @noindent | |
| 355 while compiling @file{sighandlers.cc}, you may need to edit some files | |
| 356 in the @code{gcc} include subdirectory to add proper prototypes for functions | |
| 357 there. For example, Ultrix 4.2 needs proper declarations for the | |
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358 @code{signal} function and the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro in the file |
| 3294 | 359 @file{signal.h}. |
| 360 | |
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361 On some systems the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro is defined to be something like |
| 3294 | 362 this: |
| 363 | |
| 364 @example | |
| 365 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)())1 | |
| 366 @end example | |
| 367 | |
| 368 @noindent | |
| 369 when it should really be something like: | |
| 370 | |
| 371 @example | |
| 372 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)(int))1 | |
| 373 @end example | |
| 374 | |
| 375 @noindent | |
| 376 to match the prototype declaration for the @code{signal} function. This | |
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377 change should also be made for the @w{@code{SIG_DFL}} and @w{@code{SIG_ERR}} |
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378 symbols. It may be necessary to change the definitions in |
| 3294 | 379 @file{sys/signal.h} as well. |
| 380 | |
| 381 The @code{gcc} @code{fixincludes} and @code{fixproto} scripts should | |
| 382 probably fix these problems when @code{gcc} installs its modified set of | |
| 383 header files, but I don't think that's been done yet. | |
| 384 | |
| 385 @strong{You should not change the files in @file{/usr/include}}. You | |
| 386 can find the @code{gcc} include directory tree by running the command | |
| 387 | |
| 388 @example | |
| 389 gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | |
| 390 @end example | |
| 391 | |
| 392 @noindent | |
| 393 The directory of @code{gcc} include files normally begins in the same directory | |
| 394 that contains the file @file{libgcc.a}. | |
| 395 | |
| 396 @item | |
| 397 Some of the Fortran subroutines may fail to compile with older versions | |
| 398 of the Sun Fortran compiler. If you get errors like | |
| 399 | |
| 6670 | 400 @example |
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401 @group |
| 3294 | 402 zgemm.f: |
| 403 zgemm: | |
| 404 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 405 zgemm.f, line 245: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 406 expression subtree | |
| 407 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 408 zgemm.f, line 304: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 409 expression subtree | |
| 410 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 411 zgemm.f, line 327: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 412 expression subtree | |
| 413 pcc_binval: missing IR_CONV in complex op | |
| 414 make[2]: *** [zgemm.o] Error 1 | |
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415 @end group |
| 6670 | 416 @end example |
| 3294 | 417 |
| 418 @noindent | |
| 419 when compiling the Fortran subroutines in the @file{libcruft} | |
| 420 subdirectory, you should either upgrade your compiler or try compiling | |
| 421 with optimization turned off. | |
| 422 | |
| 423 @item | |
| 424 On NeXT systems, if you get errors like this: | |
| 425 | |
| 426 @example | |
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427 @group |
| 7081 | 428 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local |
| 429 symbol LBB7656 | |
| 430 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local | |
| 431 symbol LBE7656 | |
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432 @end group |
| 3294 | 433 @end example |
| 434 | |
| 435 @noindent | |
| 436 when compiling @file{Array.cc} and @file{Matrix.cc}, try recompiling | |
| 437 these files without @code{-g}. | |
| 438 | |
| 439 @item | |
| 440 Some people have reported that calls to shell_cmd and the pager do not | |
| 441 work on SunOS systems. This is apparently due to having | |
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442 @w{@code{G_HAVE_SYS_WAIT}} defined to be 0 instead of 1 when compiling |
| 3294 | 443 @code{libg++}. |
| 444 | |
| 445 @item | |
| 446 On NeXT systems, linking to @file{libsys_s.a} may fail to resolve the | |
| 447 following functions | |
| 448 | |
| 449 @example | |
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450 @group |
| 3294 | 451 _tcgetattr |
| 452 _tcsetattr | |
| 453 _tcflow | |
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454 @end group |
| 3294 | 455 @end example |
| 456 | |
| 457 @noindent | |
| 458 which are part of @file{libposix.a}. Unfortunately, linking Octave with | |
| 459 @code{-posix} results in the following undefined symbols. | |
| 460 | |
| 461 @example | |
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462 @group |
| 3294 | 463 .destructors_used |
| 464 .constructors_used | |
| 465 _objc_msgSend | |
| 466 _NXGetDefaultValue | |
| 467 _NXRegisterDefaults | |
| 468 .objc_class_name_NXStringTable | |
| 469 .objc_class_name_NXBundle | |
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470 @end group |
| 3294 | 471 @end example |
| 472 | |
| 473 One kluge around this problem is to extract @file{termios.o} from | |
| 474 @file{libposix.a}, put it in Octave's @file{src} directory, and add it | |
| 475 to the list of files to link together in the makefile. Suggestions for | |
| 476 better ways to solve this problem are welcome! | |
| 477 | |
| 478 @item | |
| 479 If Octave crashes immediately with a floating point exception, it is | |
| 480 likely that it is failing to initialize the IEEE floating point values | |
| 481 for infinity and NaN. | |
| 482 | |
| 483 If your system actually does support IEEE arithmetic, you should be able | |
| 484 to fix this problem by modifying the function @code{octave_ieee_init} in | |
| 485 the file @file{lo-ieee.cc} to correctly initialize Octave's internal | |
| 486 infinity and NaN variables. | |
| 487 | |
| 488 If your system does not support IEEE arithmetic but Octave's configure | |
| 489 script incorrectly determined that it does, you can work around the | |
| 490 problem by editing the file @file{config.h} to not define | |
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491 @w{@code{HAVE_ISINF}}, @w{@code{HAVE_FINITE}}, and @w{@code{HAVE_ISNAN}}. |
| 3294 | 492 |
| 493 In any case, please report this as a bug since it might be possible to | |
| 494 modify Octave's configuration script to automatically determine the | |
| 495 proper thing to do. | |
| 496 | |
| 7144 | 497 @item |
| 498 If Octave is unable to find a header file because it is installed in a | |
| 499 location that is not normally searched by the compiler, you can add the | |
| 500 directory to the include search path by specifying (for example) | |
| 501 @code{CPPFLAGS=-I/some/nonstandard/directory} as an argument to | |
| 502 @code{configure}. Other variables that can be specified this way are | |
| 503 @code{CFLAGS}, @code{CXXFLAGS}, @code{FFLAGS}, and @code{LDFLAGS}. | |
| 504 Passing them as options to the configure script also records them in the | |
| 505 @file{config.status} file. By default, @code{CPPFLAGS} and | |
| 506 @code{LDFLAGS} are empty, @code{CFLAGS} and @code{CXXFLAGS} are set to | |
| 507 @code{"-g -O"} and @code{FFLAGS} is set to @code{"-O"}. | |
| 508 | |
| 3294 | 509 @end itemize |