Mercurial > octave-nkf
annotate doc/interpreter/install.txi @ 9081:c79cf77061b7
Cleanup documentation files contrib.texi, bugs.texi, install.texi, emacs.texi
| author | Rik <rdrider0-list@yahoo.com> |
|---|---|
| date | Thu, 02 Apr 2009 15:25:41 -0700 |
| parents | 1052a66078cf |
| children | 923c7cb7f13f |
| rev | line source |
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| 8920 | 1 @c Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 2007, 2008, 2009 John W. Eaton |
| 7018 | 2 @c |
| 3 @c This file is part of Octave. | |
| 4 @c | |
| 5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
| 7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at | |
| 8 @c your option) any later version. | |
| 9 @c | |
| 10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | |
| 11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
| 12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
| 13 @c for more details. | |
| 14 @c | |
| 15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
| 16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see | |
| 17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
| 3294 | 18 |
| 7018 | 19 @c The text of this file appears in the file INSTALL in the Octave |
| 20 @c distribution, as well as in the Octave manual. | |
| 3294 | 21 |
| 22 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
| 4167 | 23 @node Installation |
| 3294 | 24 @appendix Installing Octave |
| 25 @end ifclear | |
| 26 | |
| 27 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
| 28 @include conf.texi | |
| 29 | |
| 30 This file documents the installation of Octave. | |
| 31 | |
| 32 Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
| 33 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
| 34 Free Software Foundation. | |
| 35 | |
| 7144 | 36 @strong{Note:} This file is automatically generated from |
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37 @file{doc/interpreter/install.txi} in the Octave sources. To update |
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38 the documentation make changes to the .txi source file rather than this |
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39 derived file. |
| 7144 | 40 |
| 4167 | 41 @node Installation |
| 3294 | 42 @chapter Installing Octave |
| 43 @end ifset | |
| 44 | |
| 45 @cindex installing Octave | |
| 46 | |
| 47 Here is the procedure for installing Octave from scratch on a Unix | |
| 3862 | 48 system. |
| 3294 | 49 |
| 50 @itemize @bullet | |
| 51 @item | |
| 52 Run the shell script @file{configure}. This will determine the features | |
| 53 your system has (or doesn't have) and create a file named | |
| 54 @file{Makefile} from each of the files named @file{Makefile.in}. | |
| 55 | |
| 56 Here is a summary of the configure options that are most frequently used | |
| 57 when building Octave: | |
| 58 | |
| 59 @table @code | |
| 60 @item --prefix=@var{prefix} | |
| 61 Install Octave in subdirectories below @var{prefix}. The default value | |
| 62 of @var{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}. | |
| 63 | |
| 64 @item --srcdir=@var{dir} | |
| 65 Look for Octave sources in the directory @var{dir}. | |
| 66 | |
| 7091 | 67 @item --enable-bounds-check |
| 68 Enable bounds checking for indexing operators in the internal array | |
| 69 classes. This option is primarily used for debugging Octave. Building | |
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70 Octave with this option has a negative impact on performance and is not |
| 7091 | 71 recommended for general use. |
| 3294 | 72 |
| 7091 | 73 @item --enable-64 |
| 74 This is an @strong{experimental} option to enable Octave to use 64-bit | |
| 75 integers for array dimensions and indexing on 64-bit platforms. You | |
| 76 probably don't want to use this option unless you know what you are | |
| 77 doing. | |
| 78 | |
| 79 If you use @code{--enable-64}, you must ensure that your Fortran | |
| 80 compiler generates code with 8 byte signed @code{INTEGER} values, and | |
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81 that your @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} libraries are compiled to use 8 byte |
| 7091 | 82 signed integers for array dimensions and indexing. |
| 3294 | 83 |
| 84 @item --enable-shared | |
| 7091 | 85 Create shared libraries (this is the default). If you are planning to |
| 86 use the dynamic loading features, you will probably want to use this | |
| 87 option. It will make your @file{.oct} files much smaller and on some | |
| 88 systems it may be necessary to build shared libraries in order to use | |
| 89 dynamically linked functions. | |
| 3294 | 90 |
| 91 You may also want to build a shared version of @code{libstdc++}, if your | |
| 7081 | 92 system doesn't already have one. |
| 3294 | 93 |
| 94 @item --enable-dl | |
| 95 Use @code{dlopen} and friends to make Octave capable of dynamically | |
| 7091 | 96 linking externally compiled functions (this is the default if |
| 97 @code{--enable-shared} is specified). This option only works on systems | |
| 98 that actually have these functions. If you plan on using this feature, you | |
| 3294 | 99 should probably also use @code{--enable-shared} to reduce the size of |
| 100 your @file{.oct} files. | |
| 101 | |
| 7091 | 102 @item --without-blas |
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103 Compile and use the generic @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} versions included with |
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104 Octave. By default, configure first looks for @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} matrix |
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105 libraries on your system, including optimized @sc{blas} implementations such |
| 7091 | 106 as the free ATLAS 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of |
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107 an optimized @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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108 operations.) Only use this option if your system has @sc{blas}/@sc{lapack} |
| 7091 | 109 libraries that cause problems for some reason. You can also use |
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110 @code{--with-blas=lib} to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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111 that configure doesn't check for automatically. |
| 7091 | 112 |
| 113 @item --without-ccolamd | |
| 114 Don't use CCOLAMD, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 115 | |
| 116 @item --without-colamd | |
| 117 Don't use COLAMD, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 118 | |
| 119 @item --without-curl | |
| 120 Don't use the cURL, disable the @code{urlread} and @code{urlwrite} | |
| 121 functions. | |
| 3294 | 122 |
| 7091 | 123 @item --without-cxsparse |
| 124 Don't use CXSPARSE, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 125 | |
| 126 @item --without-umfpack | |
| 127 Don't use UMFPACK, disable some sparse matrix functionality. | |
| 128 | |
| 129 @item --without-fftw | |
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130 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library instead of the @sc{fftw} library. |
| 3294 | 131 |
| 7091 | 132 @item --without-glpk |
| 133 Don't use the GLPK library for linear programming. | |
| 134 | |
| 135 @item --without-hdf5 | |
| 136 Don't use the HDF5 library for reading and writing HDF5 files. | |
| 137 | |
| 138 @item --without-zlib | |
| 139 Don't use the zlib library, disable data file compression and support | |
| 140 for recent MAT file formats. | |
| 141 | |
| 142 @item --without-lapack | |
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143 Compile and use the generic @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} versions included with |
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144 Octave. By default, configure first looks for @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} matrix |
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145 libraries on your system, including optimized @sc{blas} implementations such |
| 3690 | 146 as the free ATLAS 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of |
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147 an optimized @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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148 operations.) Only use this option if your system has @sc{blas}/@sc{lapack} |
| 3690 | 149 libraries that cause problems for some reason. You can also use |
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150 @code{--with-blas=lib} to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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151 that configure doesn't check for automatically. |
| 3690 | 152 |
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153 @item --without-framework-carbon |
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154 Don't use framework Carbon headers, libraries and specific source code |
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155 for compilation even if the configure test succeeds (the default value |
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156 is @code{--with-framework-carbon}). This is a platform specific configure |
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157 option for Mac systems. |
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158 |
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159 @item --without-framework-opengl |
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160 Don't use framework OpenGL headers, libraries and specific source code |
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161 for compilation even if the configure test succeeds. If this option is |
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162 given then OpenGL headers and libraries in standard system locations are |
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163 tested (the default value is @code{--with-framework-opengl}). This is a |
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164 platform specific configure option for Mac systems. |
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165 |
| 3294 | 166 @item --help |
| 167 Print a summary of the options recognized by the configure script. | |
| 168 @end table | |
| 169 | |
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170 See the file @file{INSTALL} for more general information about the |
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171 command line options used by configure. That file also contains |
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172 instructions for compiling in a directory other than where the source |
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173 is located. |
| 3294 | 174 |
| 175 @item | |
| 176 Run make. | |
| 177 | |
| 178 You will need a recent version of GNU Make. Modifying Octave's | |
| 179 makefiles to work with other make programs is probably not worth | |
| 180 your time. We recommend you get and compile GNU Make instead. | |
| 181 | |
| 182 For plotting, you will need to have gnuplot installed on your system. | |
| 183 Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive function plotting program. | |
| 184 Gnuplot is copyrighted, but freely distributable. The `gnu' in gnuplot | |
| 185 is a coincidence---it is not related to the GNU project or the FSF in | |
| 186 any but the most peripheral sense. | |
| 187 | |
| 7091 | 188 To compile Octave, you will need a recent version of GNU Make. You will |
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189 also need a recent version of @code{g++} or other ANSI C++ compiler. You |
| 7091 | 190 will also need a Fortran 77 compiler or @code{f2c}. If you use |
| 191 @code{f2c}, you will need a script like @code{fort77} that works like a | |
| 192 normal Fortran compiler by combining @code{f2c} with your C compiler in | |
| 193 a single script. | |
| 3294 | 194 |
| 195 If you plan to modify the parser you will also need GNU @code{bison} and | |
| 196 @code{flex}. If you modify the documentation, you will need GNU | |
| 197 Texinfo, along with the patch for the @code{makeinfo} program that is | |
| 198 distributed with Octave. | |
| 199 | |
| 200 GNU Make, @code{gcc}, and @code{libstdc++}, @code{gnuplot}, | |
| 201 @code{bison}, @code{flex}, and Texinfo are all available from many | |
| 202 anonymous ftp archives. The primary site is @url{ftp.gnu.org}, but it | |
| 203 is often very busy. A list of sites that mirror the software on | |
| 204 @url{ftp.gnu.org} is available by anonymous ftp from | |
| 205 @url{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FTP}. | |
| 206 | |
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207 You will need about 1 gigabyte of disk storage to work with when |
| 7091 | 208 building Octave from source (considerably less if you don't compile with |
| 209 debugging symbols). To do that, use the command | |
| 3294 | 210 |
| 211 @example | |
| 212 make CFLAGS=-O CXXFLAGS=-O LDFLAGS= | |
| 213 @end example | |
| 214 | |
| 215 @noindent | |
| 216 instead of just @samp{make}. | |
| 217 | |
| 218 @item | |
| 219 If you encounter errors while compiling Octave, first check the list of | |
| 220 known problems below to see if there is a workaround or solution for | |
| 221 your problem. If not, | |
| 222 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
| 223 see @ref{Trouble}, | |
| 224 @end ifclear | |
| 225 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
| 226 see the file BUGS | |
| 227 @end ifset | |
| 228 for information about how to report bugs. | |
| 229 | |
| 230 @item | |
| 231 Once you have successfully compiled Octave, run @samp{make install}. | |
| 232 | |
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233 This will install a copy of Octave, its libraries, and its documentation |
| 3294 | 234 in the destination directory. As distributed, Octave is installed in |
| 235 the following directories. In the table below, @var{prefix} defaults to | |
| 236 @file{/usr/local}, @var{version} stands for the current version number | |
| 237 of the interpreter, and @var{arch} is the type of computer on which | |
| 238 Octave is installed (for example, @samp{i586-unknown-gnu}). | |
| 239 | |
| 240 @table @file | |
| 241 @item @var{prefix}/bin | |
| 242 Octave and other binaries that people will want to run directly. | |
| 243 | |
| 244 @item @var{prefix}/lib | |
| 245 Libraries like libcruft.a and liboctave.a. | |
| 246 | |
| 247 @item @var{prefix}/share | |
| 248 Architecture-independent data files. | |
| 249 | |
| 250 @item @var{prefix}/include/octave | |
| 251 Include files distributed with Octave. | |
| 252 | |
| 253 @item @var{prefix}/man/man1 | |
| 254 Unix-style man pages describing Octave. | |
| 255 | |
| 256 @item @var{prefix}/info | |
| 257 Info files describing Octave. | |
| 258 | |
| 259 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/m | |
| 260 Function files distributed with Octave. This includes the Octave | |
| 261 version, so that multiple versions of Octave may be installed at the | |
| 262 same time. | |
| 263 | |
| 264 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/exec/@var{arch} | |
| 265 Executables to be run by Octave rather than the user. | |
| 266 | |
| 267 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/oct/@var{arch} | |
| 268 Object files that will be dynamically loaded. | |
| 269 | |
| 270 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/imagelib | |
| 271 Image files that are distributed with Octave. | |
| 272 @end table | |
| 273 @end itemize | |
| 274 | |
| 275 @menu | |
| 276 * Installation Problems:: | |
| 277 @end menu | |
| 278 | |
| 4167 | 279 @node Installation Problems |
| 3294 | 280 @appendixsec Installation Problems |
| 281 | |
| 282 This section contains a list of problems (and some apparent problems | |
| 283 that don't really mean anything is wrong) that may show up during | |
| 284 installation of Octave. | |
| 285 | |
| 286 @itemize @bullet | |
| 287 @item | |
| 288 On some SCO systems, @code{info} fails to compile if | |
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289 @code{HAVE_TERMIOS_H} is defined in @file{config.h}. Simply removing |
| 3294 | 290 the definition from @file{info/config.h} should allow it to compile. |
| 291 | |
| 292 @item | |
| 293 If @code{configure} finds @code{dlopen}, @code{dlsym}, @code{dlclose}, | |
| 294 and @code{dlerror}, but not the header file @file{dlfcn.h}, you need to | |
| 295 find the source for the header file and install it in the directory | |
| 296 @file{usr/include}. This is reportedly a problem with Slackware 3.1. | |
| 297 For Linux/GNU systems, the source for @file{dlfcn.h} is in the | |
| 298 @code{ldso} package. | |
| 299 | |
| 300 @item | |
| 301 Building @file{.oct} files doesn't work. | |
| 302 | |
| 303 You should probably have a shared version of @code{libstdc++}. A patch | |
| 304 is needed to build shared versions of version 2.7.2 of @code{libstdc++} | |
| 305 on the HP-PA architecture. You can find the patch at | |
| 306 @url{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/g++/libg++-2.7.2-hppa-gcc-fix}. | |
| 307 | |
| 308 @item | |
| 3464 | 309 On some alpha systems there may be a problem with the @code{libdxml} |
| 310 library, resulting in floating point errors and/or segmentation faults in | |
| 311 the linear algebra routines called by Octave. If you encounter such | |
| 312 problems, then you should modify the configure script so that | |
| 313 @code{SPECIAL_MATH_LIB} is not set to @code{-ldxml}. | |
| 314 | |
| 315 @item | |
| 3294 | 316 On FreeBSD systems Octave may hang while initializing some internal |
| 317 constants. The fix appears to be to use | |
| 318 | |
| 319 @example | |
| 320 options GPL_MATH_EMULATE | |
| 321 @end example | |
| 322 | |
| 323 @noindent | |
| 324 rather than | |
| 325 | |
| 326 @example | |
| 327 options MATH_EMULATE | |
| 328 @end example | |
| 329 | |
| 330 @noindent | |
| 331 in the kernel configuration files (typically found in the directory | |
| 332 @file{/sys/i386/conf}. After making this change, you'll need to rebuild | |
| 333 the kernel, install it, and reboot. | |
| 334 | |
| 335 @item | |
| 336 If you encounter errors like | |
| 337 | |
| 6670 | 338 @example |
| 3294 | 339 @group |
| 340 passing `void (*)()' as argument 2 of | |
| 341 `octave_set_signal_handler(int, void (*)(int))' | |
| 342 @end group | |
| 6670 | 343 @end example |
| 3294 | 344 |
| 345 @noindent | |
| 346 or | |
| 347 | |
| 6670 | 348 @example |
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349 @group |
| 7081 | 350 warning: ANSI C++ prohibits conversion from `(int)' |
| 351 to `(...)' | |
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352 @end group |
| 6670 | 353 @end example |
| 3294 | 354 |
| 355 @noindent | |
| 356 while compiling @file{sighandlers.cc}, you may need to edit some files | |
| 357 in the @code{gcc} include subdirectory to add proper prototypes for functions | |
| 358 there. For example, Ultrix 4.2 needs proper declarations for the | |
| 359 @code{signal} function and the @code{SIG_IGN} macro in the file | |
| 360 @file{signal.h}. | |
| 361 | |
| 362 On some systems the @code{SIG_IGN} macro is defined to be something like | |
| 363 this: | |
| 364 | |
| 365 @example | |
| 366 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)())1 | |
| 367 @end example | |
| 368 | |
| 369 @noindent | |
| 370 when it should really be something like: | |
| 371 | |
| 372 @example | |
| 373 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)(int))1 | |
| 374 @end example | |
| 375 | |
| 376 @noindent | |
| 377 to match the prototype declaration for the @code{signal} function. This | |
| 378 change should also be made for the @code{SIG_DFL} and @code{SIG_ERR} | |
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379 symbols. It may be necessary to change the definitions in |
| 3294 | 380 @file{sys/signal.h} as well. |
| 381 | |
| 382 The @code{gcc} @code{fixincludes} and @code{fixproto} scripts should | |
| 383 probably fix these problems when @code{gcc} installs its modified set of | |
| 384 header files, but I don't think that's been done yet. | |
| 385 | |
| 386 @strong{You should not change the files in @file{/usr/include}}. You | |
| 387 can find the @code{gcc} include directory tree by running the command | |
| 388 | |
| 389 @example | |
| 390 gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | |
| 391 @end example | |
| 392 | |
| 393 @noindent | |
| 394 The directory of @code{gcc} include files normally begins in the same directory | |
| 395 that contains the file @file{libgcc.a}. | |
| 396 | |
| 397 @item | |
| 398 Some of the Fortran subroutines may fail to compile with older versions | |
| 399 of the Sun Fortran compiler. If you get errors like | |
| 400 | |
| 6670 | 401 @example |
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402 @group |
| 3294 | 403 zgemm.f: |
| 404 zgemm: | |
| 405 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 406 zgemm.f, line 245: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 407 expression subtree | |
| 408 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 409 zgemm.f, line 304: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 410 expression subtree | |
| 411 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
| 412 zgemm.f, line 327: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
| 413 expression subtree | |
| 414 pcc_binval: missing IR_CONV in complex op | |
| 415 make[2]: *** [zgemm.o] Error 1 | |
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416 @end group |
| 6670 | 417 @end example |
| 3294 | 418 |
| 419 @noindent | |
| 420 when compiling the Fortran subroutines in the @file{libcruft} | |
| 421 subdirectory, you should either upgrade your compiler or try compiling | |
| 422 with optimization turned off. | |
| 423 | |
| 424 @item | |
| 425 On NeXT systems, if you get errors like this: | |
| 426 | |
| 427 @example | |
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428 @group |
| 7081 | 429 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local |
| 430 symbol LBB7656 | |
| 431 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local | |
| 432 symbol LBE7656 | |
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433 @end group |
| 3294 | 434 @end example |
| 435 | |
| 436 @noindent | |
| 437 when compiling @file{Array.cc} and @file{Matrix.cc}, try recompiling | |
| 438 these files without @code{-g}. | |
| 439 | |
| 440 @item | |
| 441 Some people have reported that calls to shell_cmd and the pager do not | |
| 442 work on SunOS systems. This is apparently due to having | |
| 443 @code{G_HAVE_SYS_WAIT} defined to be 0 instead of 1 when compiling | |
| 444 @code{libg++}. | |
| 445 | |
| 446 @item | |
| 447 On NeXT systems, linking to @file{libsys_s.a} may fail to resolve the | |
| 448 following functions | |
| 449 | |
| 450 @example | |
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451 @group |
| 3294 | 452 _tcgetattr |
| 453 _tcsetattr | |
| 454 _tcflow | |
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455 @end group |
| 3294 | 456 @end example |
| 457 | |
| 458 @noindent | |
| 459 which are part of @file{libposix.a}. Unfortunately, linking Octave with | |
| 460 @code{-posix} results in the following undefined symbols. | |
| 461 | |
| 462 @example | |
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463 @group |
| 3294 | 464 .destructors_used |
| 465 .constructors_used | |
| 466 _objc_msgSend | |
| 467 _NXGetDefaultValue | |
| 468 _NXRegisterDefaults | |
| 469 .objc_class_name_NXStringTable | |
| 470 .objc_class_name_NXBundle | |
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471 @end group |
| 3294 | 472 @end example |
| 473 | |
| 474 One kluge around this problem is to extract @file{termios.o} from | |
| 475 @file{libposix.a}, put it in Octave's @file{src} directory, and add it | |
| 476 to the list of files to link together in the makefile. Suggestions for | |
| 477 better ways to solve this problem are welcome! | |
| 478 | |
| 479 @item | |
| 480 If Octave crashes immediately with a floating point exception, it is | |
| 481 likely that it is failing to initialize the IEEE floating point values | |
| 482 for infinity and NaN. | |
| 483 | |
| 484 If your system actually does support IEEE arithmetic, you should be able | |
| 485 to fix this problem by modifying the function @code{octave_ieee_init} in | |
| 486 the file @file{lo-ieee.cc} to correctly initialize Octave's internal | |
| 487 infinity and NaN variables. | |
| 488 | |
| 489 If your system does not support IEEE arithmetic but Octave's configure | |
| 490 script incorrectly determined that it does, you can work around the | |
| 491 problem by editing the file @file{config.h} to not define | |
| 492 @code{HAVE_ISINF}, @code{HAVE_FINITE}, and @code{HAVE_ISNAN}. | |
| 493 | |
| 494 In any case, please report this as a bug since it might be possible to | |
| 495 modify Octave's configuration script to automatically determine the | |
| 496 proper thing to do. | |
| 497 | |
| 7144 | 498 @item |
| 499 If Octave is unable to find a header file because it is installed in a | |
| 500 location that is not normally searched by the compiler, you can add the | |
| 501 directory to the include search path by specifying (for example) | |
| 502 @code{CPPFLAGS=-I/some/nonstandard/directory} as an argument to | |
| 503 @code{configure}. Other variables that can be specified this way are | |
| 504 @code{CFLAGS}, @code{CXXFLAGS}, @code{FFLAGS}, and @code{LDFLAGS}. | |
| 505 Passing them as options to the configure script also records them in the | |
| 506 @file{config.status} file. By default, @code{CPPFLAGS} and | |
| 507 @code{LDFLAGS} are empty, @code{CFLAGS} and @code{CXXFLAGS} are set to | |
| 508 @code{"-g -O"} and @code{FFLAGS} is set to @code{"-O"}. | |
| 509 | |
| 3294 | 510 @end itemize |