changeset 14916:0b0569667939

maint: Periodic merge of default to jit
author Jordi Gutiérrez Hermoso <jordigh@octave.org>
date Wed, 23 May 2012 16:22:05 -0400
parents 757f729fd41d (current diff) cba58541954c (diff)
children 232d8ab07932
files configure.ac src/Makefile.am
diffstat 18 files changed, 2800 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) [+]
line wrap: on
line diff
--- a/build-aux/common.mk	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/build-aux/common.mk	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -544,6 +544,9 @@
   -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_CPPFLAGS%|\"${MAGICK_CPPFLAGS}\"|" \
   -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LDFLAGS%|\"${MAGICK_LDFLAGS}\"|" \
   -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LIBS%|\"${MAGICK_LIBS}\"|" \
+  -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_CPPFLAGS%|\"${LLVM_CPPFLAGS}\"|" \
+  -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LDFLAGS%|\"${LLVM_LDFLAGS}\"|" \
+  -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LIBS%|\"${LLVM_LIBS}\"|" \
   -e 's|%OCTAVE_CONF_MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS%|\"@MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS@\"|' \
   -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_OCTAVE_LINK_DEPS%|\"${OCTAVE_LINK_DEPS}\"|" \
   -e "s|%OCTAVE_CONF_OCTAVE_LINK_OPTS%|\"${OCTAVE_LINK_OPTS}\"|" \
--- a/configure.ac	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/configure.ac	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -712,6 +712,59 @@
   [ZLIB library not found.  Octave will not be able to save or load compressed data files or HDF5 files.],
   [zlib.h], [gzclearerr])
 
+### Check for the llvm library
+dnl
+dnl
+dnl llvm is odd and has its own pkg-config like script. We should probably check
+dnl for existance and 
+dnl
+
+LLVM_CONFIG=llvm-config
+LLVM_CPPFLAGS=
+LLVM_LDFLAGS=
+LLVM_LIBS=
+
+LLVM_LDFLAGS=`$LLVM_CONFIG --ldflags`
+LLVM_LIBS=`$LLVM_CONFIG --libs`
+LLVM_CPPFLAGS=`$LLVM_CONFIG --cxxflags`
+
+warn_llvm="LLVM library fails tests. JIT compilation will be disabled."
+
+save_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
+save_LIBS="$LIBS"
+save_LDFLAGS="$LDFLAGS"
+CPPFLAGS="$LLVM_CPPFLAGS $CPPFLAGS"
+LIBS="$LLVM_LIBS $LIBS"
+LDFLAGS="$LLVM_LDFLAGS $LDFLAGS"
+AC_LANG_PUSH(C++)
+  AC_CHECK_HEADER([llvm/LLVMContext.h], [
+  AC_MSG_CHECKING([for llvm::getGlobalContext in llvm/LLVMContext.h])
+    AC_TRY_LINK([#include <llvm/LLVMContext.h>], [llvm::getGlobalContext ()], [
+      AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)
+      warn_llvm=
+    ], [
+      AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
+    ])
+  ])
+AC_LANG_POP(C++)
+CPPFLAGS="$save_CPPFLAGS"
+LIBS="$save_LIBS"
+LDFLAGS="$save_LDFLAGS"
+
+if test -z "$warn_llvm"; then
+  AC_DEFINE(HAVE_LLVM, 1, [Define if LLVM is available.])
+else
+  LLVM_CPPFLAGS=
+  LLVM_LDFLAGS=
+  LLVM_LIBS=
+  AC_MSG_WARN([$warn_llvm])
+fi
+AC_DEFINE(HAVE_LLVM, 1, [Define if LLVM is available.])
+
+AC_SUBST(LLVM_CPPFLAGS)
+AC_SUBST(LLVM_LDFLAGS)
+AC_SUBST(LLVM_LIBS)
+
 ### Check for HDF5 library.
 
 save_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
@@ -2242,6 +2295,9 @@
   Magick++ CPPFLAGS:           $MAGICK_CPPFLAGS
   Magick++ LDFLAGS:            $MAGICK_LDFLAGS
   Magick++ libraries:          $MAGICK_LIBS
+  LLVM CPPFLAGS:               $LLVM_CPPFLAGS
+  LLVM LDFLAGS:                $LLVM_LDFLAGS
+  LLVM Libraries:              $LLVM_LIBS
   HDF5 CPPFLAGS:               $HDF5_CPPFLAGS
   HDF5 LDFLAGS:                $HDF5_LDFLAGS
   HDF5 libraries:              $HDF5_LIBS
--- a/src/Makefile.am	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/Makefile.am	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@
   pt-fcn-handle.h \
   pt-id.h \
   pt-idx.h \
+  pt-jit.h \
   pt-jump.h \
   pt-loop.h \
   pt-mat.h \
@@ -392,6 +393,7 @@
   pt-fcn-handle.cc \
   pt-id.cc \
   pt-idx.cc \
+  pt-jit.cc \
   pt-jump.cc \
   pt-loop.cc \
   pt-mat.cc \
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/TEMPLATE-INST/Array-jit.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+
+Copyright (C) 2012 Max Brister <max@2bass.com>
+
+This file is part of Octave.
+
+Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+option) any later version.
+
+Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+*/
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "Array.h"
+#include "Array.cc"
+
+#include "pt-jit.h"
+
+NO_INSTANTIATE_ARRAY_SORT (jit_function::overload);
+
+INSTANTIATE_ARRAY (jit_function::overload, OCTINTERP_API);
--- a/src/TEMPLATE-INST/module.mk	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/TEMPLATE-INST/module.mk	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -2,4 +2,5 @@
 
 TEMPLATE_INST_SRC = \
   TEMPLATE-INST/Array-os.cc \
-  TEMPLATE-INST/Array-tc.cc
+  TEMPLATE-INST/Array-tc.cc \
+  TEMPLATE-INST/Array-jit.cc
--- a/src/link-deps.mk	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/link-deps.mk	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -13,14 +13,16 @@
   $(Z_LIBS) \
   $(OPENGL_LIBS) \
   $(X11_LIBS) \
-  $(CARBON_LIBS)
+  $(CARBON_LIBS) \
+  $(LLVM_LIBS)
 
 LIBOCTINTERP_LINK_OPTS = \
   $(GRAPHICS_LDFLAGS) \
   $(FT2_LDFLAGS) \
   $(HDF5_LDFLAGS) \
   $(Z_LDFLAGS) \
-  $(REGEX_LDFLAGS)
+  $(REGEX_LDFLAGS) \
+  $(LLVM_LDFLAGS)
 
 OCT_LINK_DEPS =
 
--- a/src/oct-conf.in.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/oct-conf.in.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -384,6 +384,18 @@
 #define OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LIBS %OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LIBS%
 #endif
 
+#ifndef OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_CPPFLAGS
+#define OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_CPPFLAGS %OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_CPPFLAGS%
+#endif
+
+#ifndef OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LDFLAGS
+#define OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LDFLAGS %OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LDFLAGS%
+#endif
+
+#ifndef OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LIBS
+#define OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LIBS %OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LIBS%
+#endif
+
 #ifndef OCTAVE_CONF_MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS
 #define OCTAVE_CONF_MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS %OCTAVE_CONF_MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS%
 #endif
--- a/src/ov-base.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/ov-base.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -755,6 +755,21 @@
   virtual bool
   fast_elem_insert_self (void *where, builtin_type_t btyp) const;
 
+  // Grab the reference count. For use by jit.
+  void
+  grab (void)
+  {
+    ++count;
+  }
+
+  // Release the reference count. For use by jit.
+  void
+  release (void)
+  {
+    if (--count == 0)
+      delete this;
+  }
+
 protected:
 
   // This should only be called for derived types.
--- a/src/pt-eval.cc	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-eval.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -44,6 +44,10 @@
 #include "symtab.h"
 #include "unwind-prot.h"
 
+//FIXME: This should be part of tree_evaluator
+#include "pt-jit.h"
+static tree_jit jiter;
+
 static tree_evaluator std_evaluator;
 
 tree_evaluator *current_evaluator = &std_evaluator;
@@ -306,6 +310,9 @@
   if (error_state || rhs.is_undefined ())
     return;
 
+  if (jiter.execute (cmd, rhs))
+    return;
+
   {
     tree_expression *lhs = cmd.left_hand_side ();
 
--- a/src/pt-id.cc	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-id.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
   if (error_state)
     return retval;
 
-  octave_value val = xsym ().find ();
+  octave_value val = sym->find ();
 
   if (val.is_defined ())
     {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 octave_lvalue
 tree_identifier::lvalue (void)
 {
-  return octave_lvalue (&(xsym().varref ()));
+  return octave_lvalue (&(sym->varref ()));
 }
 
 tree_identifier *
--- a/src/pt-id.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-id.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -46,12 +46,12 @@
 public:
 
   tree_identifier (int l = -1, int c = -1)
-    : tree_expression (l, c), sym (), scope (-1) { }
+    : tree_expression (l, c) { }
 
   tree_identifier (const symbol_table::symbol_record& s,
                    int l = -1, int c = -1,
                    symbol_table::scope_id sc = symbol_table::current_scope ())
-    : tree_expression (l, c), sym (s), scope (sc) { }
+    : tree_expression (l, c), sym (s, sc) { }
 
   ~tree_identifier (void) { }
 
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@
   // accessing it through sym so that this function may remain const.
   std::string name (void) const { return sym.name (); }
 
-  bool is_defined (void) { return xsym().is_defined (); }
+  bool is_defined (void) { return sym->is_defined (); }
 
-  virtual bool is_variable (void) { return xsym().is_variable (); }
+  virtual bool is_variable (void) { return sym->is_variable (); }
 
   virtual bool is_black_hole (void) { return false; }
 
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@
   octave_value
   do_lookup (const octave_value_list& args = octave_value_list ())
   {
-    return xsym().find (args);
+    return sym->find (args);
   }
 
-  void mark_global (void) { xsym().mark_global (); }
+  void mark_global (void) { sym->mark_global (); }
 
-  void mark_as_static (void) { xsym().init_persistent (); }
+  void mark_as_static (void) { sym->init_persistent (); }
 
-  void mark_as_formal_parameter (void) { xsym().mark_formal (); }
+  void mark_as_formal_parameter (void) { sym->mark_formal (); }
 
   // We really need to know whether this symbol referst to a variable
   // or a function, but we may not know that yet.
@@ -114,28 +114,14 @@
 
   void accept (tree_walker& tw);
 
+  symbol_table::symbol_record_ref symbol (void) const
+  {
+    return sym;
+  }
 private:
 
   // The symbol record that this identifier references.
-  symbol_table::symbol_record sym;
-
-  symbol_table::scope_id scope;
-
-  // A script may be executed in multiple scopes.  If the last one was
-  // different from the one we are in now, update sym to be from the
-  // new scope.
-  symbol_table::symbol_record& xsym (void)
-  {
-    symbol_table::scope_id curr_scope = symbol_table::current_scope ();
-
-    if (scope != curr_scope || ! sym.is_valid ())
-      {
-        scope = curr_scope;
-        sym = symbol_table::insert (sym.name ());
-      }
-
-    return sym;
-  }
+  symbol_table::symbol_record_ref sym;
 
   // No copying!
 
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/pt-jit.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -0,0 +1,1866 @@
+/*
+
+Copyright (C) 2012 Max Brister <max@2bass.com>
+
+This file is part of Octave.
+
+Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+option) any later version.
+
+Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+*/
+
+#define __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
+#define __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS
+
+#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "pt-jit.h"
+
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+#include <llvm/LLVMContext.h>
+#include <llvm/Module.h>
+#include <llvm/Function.h>
+#include <llvm/BasicBlock.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/IRBuilder.h>
+#include <llvm/ExecutionEngine/ExecutionEngine.h>
+#include <llvm/ExecutionEngine/JIT.h>
+#include <llvm/PassManager.h>
+#include <llvm/Analysis/Verifier.h>
+#include <llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h>
+#include <llvm/Analysis/Passes.h>
+#include <llvm/Target/TargetData.h>
+#include <llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h>
+#include <llvm/Transforms/IPO.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/raw_os_ostream.h>
+#include <llvm/ExecutionEngine/GenericValue.h>
+
+#include "octave.h"
+#include "ov-fcn-handle.h"
+#include "ov-usr-fcn.h"
+#include "pt-all.h"
+
+// FIXME: Remove eventually
+// For now we leave this in so people tell when JIT actually happens
+static const bool debug_print = false;
+
+static llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (llvm::getGlobalContext ());
+
+// thrown when we should give up on JIT and interpret
+class jit_fail_exception : public std::exception {};
+
+static void
+fail (void)
+{
+  throw jit_fail_exception ();
+}
+
+// function that jit code calls
+extern "C" void
+octave_jit_print_any (const char *name, octave_base_value *obv)
+{
+  obv->print_with_name (octave_stdout, name, true);
+}
+
+extern "C" void
+octave_jit_print_double (const char *name, double value)
+{
+  // FIXME: We should avoid allocating a new octave_scalar each time
+  octave_value ov (value);
+  ov.print_with_name (octave_stdout, name);
+}
+
+extern "C" octave_base_value*
+octave_jit_binary_any_any (octave_value::binary_op op, octave_base_value *lhs,
+                           octave_base_value *rhs)
+{
+  octave_value olhs (lhs);
+  octave_value orhs (rhs);
+  octave_value result = do_binary_op (op, olhs, orhs);
+  octave_base_value *rep = result.internal_rep ();
+  rep->grab ();
+  return rep;
+}
+
+extern "C" void
+octave_jit_release_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+{
+  obv->release ();
+}
+
+extern "C" void
+octave_jit_grab_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+{
+  obv->grab ();
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_type --------------------
+llvm::Type *
+jit_type::to_llvm_arg (void) const
+{
+  return llvm_type ? llvm_type->getPointerTo () : 0;
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_function --------------------
+void
+jit_function::add_overload (const overload& func,
+                            const std::vector<jit_type*>& args)
+{
+  if (args.size () >= overloads.size ())
+    overloads.resize (args.size () + 1);
+
+  Array<overload>& over = overloads[args.size ()];
+  dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
+  Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (args);
+  bool must_resize = false;
+
+  if (dv.length () != idx.numel ())
+    {
+      dv.resize (idx.numel ());
+      must_resize = true;
+    }
+
+  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
+    if (dv(i) <= idx(i))
+      {
+        must_resize = true;
+        dv(i) = idx(i) + 1;
+      }
+
+  if (must_resize)
+    over.resize (dv);
+
+  over(idx) = func;
+}
+
+const jit_function::overload&
+jit_function::get_overload (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
+{
+  // FIXME: We should search for the next best overload on failure
+  static overload null_overload;
+  if (types.size () >= overloads.size ())
+    return null_overload;
+
+  const Array<overload>& over = overloads[types.size ()];
+  dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
+  Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (types);
+  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
+    if (idx(i) >= dv(i))
+      return null_overload;
+
+  return over(idx);
+}
+
+Array<octave_idx_type>
+jit_function::to_idx (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
+{
+  octave_idx_type numel = types.size ();
+  if (numel == 1)
+    numel = 2;
+
+  Array<octave_idx_type> idx (dim_vector (1, numel));
+  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < static_cast<octave_idx_type> (types.size ());
+       ++i)
+    idx(i) = types[i]->type_id ();
+
+  if (types.size () == 1)
+    {
+      idx(1) = idx(0);
+      idx(0) = 0;
+    }
+
+  return idx;
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_typeinfo --------------------
+jit_typeinfo::jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e)
+  : module (m), engine (e), next_id (0)
+{
+  // FIXME: We should be registering types like in octave_value_typeinfo
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = m->getContext ();
+
+  ov_t = llvm::StructType::create (ctx, "octave_base_value");
+  ov_t = ov_t->getPointerTo ();
+
+  llvm::Type *dbl = llvm::Type::getDoubleTy (ctx);
+  llvm::Type *bool_t = llvm::Type::getInt1Ty (ctx);
+  llvm::Type *index_t = 0;
+  switch (sizeof(octave_idx_type))
+    {
+    case 4:
+      index_t = llvm::Type::getInt32Ty (ctx);
+      break;
+    case 8:
+      index_t = llvm::Type::getInt64Ty (ctx);
+      break;
+    default:
+      assert (false && "Unrecognized index type size");
+    }
+
+  llvm::StructType *range_t = llvm::StructType::create (ctx, "range");
+  std::vector<llvm::Type *> range_contents (4, dbl);
+  range_contents[3] = index_t;
+  range_t->setBody (range_contents);
+
+  // create types
+  any = new_type ("any", true, 0, ov_t);
+  scalar = new_type ("scalar", false, any, dbl);
+  range = new_type ("range", false, any, range_t);
+  boolean = new_type ("bool", false, any, bool_t);
+  index = new_type ("index", false, any, index_t);
+
+  // any with anything is an any op
+  llvm::Function *fn;
+  llvm::Type *binary_op_type
+    = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (ctx, sizeof (octave_value::binary_op));
+  llvm::Function *any_binary = create_function ("octave_jit_binary_any_any",
+                                                any->to_llvm (), binary_op_type,
+                                                any->to_llvm (), any->to_llvm ());
+  engine->addGlobalMapping (any_binary,
+                            reinterpret_cast<void*>(&octave_jit_binary_any_any));
+
+  binary_ops.resize (octave_value::num_binary_ops);
+  for (int op = 0; op < octave_value::num_binary_ops; ++op)
+    {
+      llvm::Twine fn_name ("octave_jit_binary_any_any_");
+      fn_name = fn_name + llvm::Twine (op);
+      fn = create_function (fn_name, any, any, any);
+      llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+      llvm::APInt op_int(sizeof (octave_value::binary_op), op,
+                         std::numeric_limits<octave_value::binary_op>::is_signed);
+      llvm::Value *op_as_llvm = llvm::ConstantInt::get (binary_op_type, op_int);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateCall3 (any_binary,
+                                                 op_as_llvm,
+                                                 fn->arg_begin (),
+                                                 ++fn->arg_begin ());
+      builder.CreateRet (ret);
+
+      jit_function::overload overload (fn, true, any, any, any);
+      for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < next_id; ++i)
+        binary_ops[op].add_overload (overload);
+    }
+
+  llvm::Type *void_t = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (ctx);
+
+  // grab any
+  fn = create_function ("octave_jit_grab_any", void_t, any->to_llvm ());
+                        
+  engine->addGlobalMapping (fn, reinterpret_cast<void*>(&octave_jit_grab_any));
+  grab_fn.add_overload (fn, false, 0, any);
+
+  // release any
+  fn = create_function ("octave_jit_release_any", void_t, any->to_llvm ());
+  engine->addGlobalMapping (fn, reinterpret_cast<void*>(&octave_jit_release_any));
+  release_fn.add_overload (fn, false, 0, any);
+
+  // now for binary scalar operations
+  // FIXME: Finish all operations
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_add, llvm::Instruction::FAdd);
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_sub, llvm::Instruction::FSub);
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_el_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
+
+  // FIXME: Warn if rhs is zero
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_div, llvm::Instruction::FDiv);
+  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_el_div, llvm::Instruction::FDiv);
+
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_lt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULT);
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_le, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULE);
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_eq, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UEQ);
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ge, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGE);
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_gt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGT);
+  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ne, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UNE);
+
+  // now for printing functions
+  add_print (any, reinterpret_cast<void*> (&octave_jit_print_any));
+  add_print (scalar, reinterpret_cast<void*> (&octave_jit_print_double));
+
+  // bounds check for for loop
+  fn = create_function ("octave_jit_simple_for_range", boolean, range, index);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  {
+    llvm::Value *nelem
+      = builder.CreateExtractValue (fn->arg_begin (), 3);
+    // llvm::Value *idx = builder.CreateLoad (++fn->arg_begin ());
+    llvm::Value *idx = ++fn->arg_begin ();
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmpULT (idx, nelem);
+    builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  }
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+  simple_for_check.add_overload (fn, false, boolean, range, index);
+
+  // increment for for loop
+  fn = create_function ("octave_jit_imple_for_range_incr", index, index);
+  body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  {
+    llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 1);
+    llvm::Value *idx = fn->arg_begin ();
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateAdd (idx, one);
+    builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  }
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+  simple_for_incr.add_overload (fn, false, index, index);
+
+  // index variabe for for loop
+  fn = create_function ("octave_jit_simple_for_idx", scalar, range, index);
+  body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  {
+    llvm::Value *idx = ++fn->arg_begin ();
+    llvm::Value *didx = builder.CreateUIToFP (idx, dbl);
+    llvm::Value *rng = fn->arg_begin ();
+    llvm::Value *base = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 0);
+    llvm::Value *inc = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 2);
+
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFMul (didx, inc);
+    ret = builder.CreateFAdd (base, ret);
+    builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  }
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+  simple_for_index.add_overload (fn, false, scalar, range, index);
+
+  // logically true
+  // FIXME: Check for NaN
+  fn = create_function ("octave_logically_true_scalar", boolean, scalar);
+  body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  {
+    llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar->to_llvm (), 0);
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (fn->arg_begin (), zero);
+    builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  }
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+  logically_true.add_overload (fn, true, boolean, scalar);
+
+  fn = create_function ("octave_logically_true_bool", boolean, boolean);
+  body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  builder.CreateRet (fn->arg_begin ());
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+  logically_true.add_overload (fn, false, boolean, boolean);
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::add_print (jit_type *ty, void *call)
+{
+  std::stringstream name;
+  name << "octave_jit_print_" << ty->name ();
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::Type *void_t = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (ctx);
+  llvm::Function *fn = create_function (name.str (), void_t,
+                                        llvm::Type::getInt8PtrTy (ctx),
+                                        ty->to_llvm ());
+  engine->addGlobalMapping (fn, call);
+
+  jit_function::overload ol (fn, false, 0, ty);
+  print_fn.add_overload (ol);
+}
+
+// FIXME: cp between add_binary_op, add_binary_icmp, and add_binary_fcmp
+void
+jit_typeinfo::add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
+{
+  std::stringstream fname;
+  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+  fname << "octave_jit_" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+        << "_" << ty->name ();
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::Function *fn = create_function (fname.str (), ty, ty, ty);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+  llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps temp
+    = static_cast<llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps>(llvm_op);
+  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateBinOp (temp, fn->arg_begin (),
+                                          ++fn->arg_begin ());
+  builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+
+  jit_function::overload ol(fn, false, ty, ty, ty);
+  binary_ops[op].add_overload (ol);
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
+{
+  std::stringstream fname;
+  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+  fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+        << "_" << ty->name ();
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::Function *fn = create_function (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+  llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
+    = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
+  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmp (temp, fn->arg_begin (),
+                                         ++fn->arg_begin ());
+  builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+
+  jit_function::overload ol (fn, false, boolean, ty, ty);
+  binary_ops[op].add_overload (ol);
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
+{
+  std::stringstream fname;
+  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+  fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+        << "_" << ty->name ();
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::Function *fn = create_function (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", fn);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+  llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
+    = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
+  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmp (temp, fn->arg_begin (),
+                                         ++fn->arg_begin ());
+  builder.CreateRet (ret);
+  llvm::verifyFunction (*fn);
+
+  jit_function::overload ol (fn, false, boolean, ty, ty);
+  binary_ops[op].add_overload (ol);
+}
+
+llvm::Function *
+jit_typeinfo::create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, llvm::Type *ret,
+                               const std::vector<llvm::Type *>& args)
+{
+  llvm::FunctionType *ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (ret, args, false);
+  llvm::Function *fn = llvm::Function::Create (ft,
+                                               llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
+                                               name, module);
+  fn->addFnAttr (llvm::Attribute::AlwaysInline);
+  return fn;
+}    
+
+jit_type*
+jit_typeinfo::type_of (const octave_value &ov) const
+{
+  if (ov.is_undefined () || ov.is_function ())
+    return 0;
+
+  if (ov.is_double_type () && ov.is_real_scalar ())
+    return get_scalar ();
+
+  if (ov.is_range ())
+    return get_range ();
+
+  return get_any ();
+}
+
+const jit_function&
+jit_typeinfo::binary_op (int op) const
+{
+  assert (static_cast<size_t>(op) < binary_ops.size ());
+  return binary_ops[op];
+}
+
+const jit_function::overload&
+jit_typeinfo::print_value (jit_type *to_print) const
+{
+  return print_fn.get_overload (to_print);
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::to_generic (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv)
+{
+  if (type == any)
+    to_generic (type, gv, octave_value ());
+  else if (type == scalar)
+    to_generic (type, gv, octave_value (0));
+  else if (type == range)
+    to_generic (type, gv, octave_value (Range ()));
+  else
+    assert (false && "Type not supported yet");
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::to_generic (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv, octave_value ov)
+{
+  if (type == any)
+    {
+      octave_base_value *obv = ov.internal_rep ();
+      obv->grab ();
+      ov_out.push_back (obv);
+      gv.PointerVal = &ov_out.back ();
+    }
+  else if (type == scalar)
+    {
+      scalar_out.push_back (ov.double_value ());
+      gv.PointerVal = &scalar_out.back ();
+    }
+  else if (type == range)
+    {
+      range_out.push_back (ov.range_value ());
+      gv.PointerVal = &range_out.back ();
+    }
+  else
+    assert (false && "Type not supported yet");
+}
+
+octave_value
+jit_typeinfo::to_octave_value (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv)
+{
+  if (type == any)
+    {
+      octave_base_value **ptr = reinterpret_cast<octave_base_value **>(gv.PointerVal);
+      return octave_value (*ptr);
+    }
+  else if (type == scalar)
+    {
+      double *ptr = reinterpret_cast<double *>(gv.PointerVal);
+      return octave_value (*ptr);
+    }
+  else if (type == range)
+    {
+      jit_range *ptr = reinterpret_cast<jit_range *>(gv.PointerVal);
+      Range rng = *ptr;
+      return octave_value (rng);
+    }
+  else
+    assert (false && "Type not supported yet");
+}
+
+void
+jit_typeinfo::reset_generic (void)
+{
+  scalar_out.clear ();
+  ov_out.clear ();
+  range_out.clear ();
+}
+
+jit_type*
+jit_typeinfo::new_type (const std::string& name, bool force_init,
+                        jit_type *parent, llvm::Type *llvm_type)
+{
+  jit_type *ret = new jit_type (name, force_init, parent, llvm_type, next_id++);
+  id_to_type.push_back (ret);
+  return ret;
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_infer --------------------
+void
+jit_infer::infer (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, jit_type *bounds)
+{
+  infer_simple_for (cmd, bounds);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression& be)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  if (be.op_type () >= octave_value::num_binary_ops)
+    fail ();
+
+  tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+  jit_type *tlhs = type_stack.back ();
+  type_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
+  rhs->accept (*this);
+  jit_type *trhs = type_stack.back ();
+
+  jit_type *result = tinfo->binary_op_result (be.op_type (), tlhs, trhs);
+  if (! result)
+    fail ();
+
+  type_stack.push_back (result);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_break_command (tree_break_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_global_command (tree_global_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_persistent_command (tree_persistent_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command& cmd)
+{
+  tree_expression *control = cmd.control_expr ();
+  control->accept (*this);
+
+  jit_type *control_t = type_stack.back ();
+  type_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  // FIXME: We should improve type inference so we don't have to do this
+  // to generate nested for loop code
+
+  // quick hack, check if the for loop bounds are const. If we
+  // run at least one, we don't have to merge types
+  bool atleast_once = false;
+  if (control->is_constant ())
+    {
+      octave_value over = control->rvalue1 ();
+      if (over.is_range ())
+        {
+          Range rng = over.range_value ();
+          atleast_once = rng.nelem () > 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+  if (atleast_once)
+    infer_simple_for (cmd, control_t);
+  else
+    {
+      type_map fallthrough = types;
+      infer_simple_for (cmd, control_t);
+      merge (types, fallthrough);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_function_def (tree_function_def&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_identifier (tree_identifier& ti)
+{
+  symbol_table::symbol_record_ref record = ti.symbol ();
+  handle_identifier (record);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_if_command (tree_if_command& cmd)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  tree_if_command_list *lst = cmd.cmd_list ();
+  assert (lst);
+  lst->accept (*this);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list& lst)
+{
+  // determine the types on each branch of the if seperatly, then merge
+  type_map fallthrough = types, last;
+  bool first_time = true;
+  for (tree_if_command_list::iterator p = lst.begin (); p != lst.end(); ++p)
+    {
+      tree_if_clause *tic = *p;
+
+      if (! first_time)
+        types = fallthrough;
+
+      if (! tic->is_else_clause ())
+        {
+          tree_expression *expr = tic->condition ();
+          expr->accept (*this);
+        }
+
+      fallthrough = types;
+
+      tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = tic->commands ();
+      assert (stmt_lst);
+      stmt_lst->accept (*this);
+
+      if (first_time)
+        last = types;
+      else
+        merge (last, types);
+    }
+
+  types = last;
+
+  tree_if_clause *last_clause = lst.back ();
+  if (! last_clause->is_else_clause ())
+    merge (types, fallthrough);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_matrix (tree_matrix&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_cell (tree_cell&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_constant (tree_constant& tc)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  octave_value v = tc.rvalue1 ();
+  jit_type *type = tinfo->type_of (v);
+  if (! type)
+    fail ();
+
+  type_stack.push_back (type);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_return_command (tree_return_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_return_list (tree_return_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment& tsa)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  // resolve rhs
+  is_lvalue = false;
+  tree_expression *rhs = tsa.right_hand_side ();
+  rhs->accept (*this);
+
+  jit_type *trhs = type_stack.back ();
+  type_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  // resolve lhs
+  is_lvalue = true;
+  rvalue_type = trhs;
+  tree_expression *lhs = tsa.left_hand_side ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+
+  // we don't pop back here, as the resulting type should be the rhs type
+  // which is equal to the lhs type anways
+  jit_type *tlhs = type_stack.back ();
+  if (tlhs != trhs)
+    fail ();
+
+  is_lvalue = false;
+  rvalue_type = 0;
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_statement (tree_statement& stmt)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  tree_command *cmd = stmt.command ();
+  tree_expression *expr = stmt.expression ();
+
+  if (cmd)
+    cmd->accept (*this);
+  else
+    {
+      // ok, this check for ans appears three times as cp
+      bool do_bind_ans = false;
+
+      if (expr->is_identifier ())
+        {
+          tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (expr);
+
+          do_bind_ans = (! id->is_variable ());
+        }
+      else
+        do_bind_ans = (! expr->is_assignment_expression ());
+
+      expr->accept (*this);
+
+      if (do_bind_ans)
+        {
+          is_lvalue = true;
+          rvalue_type = type_stack.back ();
+          type_stack.pop_back ();
+
+          symbol_table::symbol_record_ref record (symbol_table::insert ("ans"));
+          handle_identifier (record);
+
+          if (rvalue_type != type_stack.back ())
+            fail ();
+
+          is_lvalue = false;
+          rvalue_type = 0;
+        }
+
+      type_stack.pop_back ();
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list& lst)
+{
+  tree_statement_list::iterator iter;
+  for (iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end (); ++iter)
+    {
+      tree_statement *stmt = *iter;
+      assert (stmt); // FIXME: jwe can this be null?
+      stmt->accept (*this);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_while_command (tree_while_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::infer_simple_for (tree_simple_for_command& cmd,
+                             jit_type *bounds)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  jit_type *iter = tinfo->get_simple_for_index_result (bounds);
+  if (! iter)
+    fail ();
+
+  is_lvalue = true;
+  rvalue_type = iter;
+  tree_expression *lhs = cmd.left_hand_side ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+  if (type_stack.back () != iter)
+    fail ();
+  type_stack.pop_back ();
+  is_lvalue = false;
+  rvalue_type = 0;
+
+  tree_statement_list *body = cmd.body ();
+  body->accept (*this);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::handle_identifier (const symbol_table::symbol_record_ref& record)
+{
+  type_map::iterator iter = types.find (record);
+  if (iter == types.end ())
+    {
+      jit_type *ty = tinfo->type_of (record->find ());
+      bool argin = false;
+      if (is_lvalue)
+        {
+          if (! ty)
+            ty = rvalue_type;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          if (! ty)
+            fail ();
+          argin = true;
+        }
+
+      types[record] = type_entry (argin, ty);
+      type_stack.push_back (ty);
+    }
+  else
+    type_stack.push_back (iter->second.second);
+}
+
+void
+jit_infer::merge (type_map& dest, const type_map& src)
+{
+  if (dest.size () != src.size ())
+    fail ();
+
+  type_map::iterator dest_iter;
+  type_map::const_iterator src_iter;
+  for (dest_iter = dest.begin (), src_iter = src.begin ();
+       dest_iter != dest.end (); ++dest_iter, ++src_iter)
+    {
+      if (dest_iter->first.name () != src_iter->first.name ()
+          || dest_iter->second.second != src_iter->second.second)
+        fail ();
+
+      // require argin if one path requires argin
+      dest_iter->second.first = dest_iter->second.first
+        || src_iter->second.first;
+    }
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_generator --------------------
+jit_generator::jit_generator (jit_typeinfo *ti, llvm::Module *mod,
+                              tree_simple_for_command& cmd, jit_type *bounds,
+                              const type_map& infered_types)
+  : tinfo (ti), module (mod), is_lvalue (false)
+{
+  // create new vectors that include bounds
+  std::vector<std::string> names (infered_types.size () + 1);
+  std::vector<bool> argin (infered_types.size () + 1);
+  std::vector<jit_type *> types (infered_types.size () + 1);
+  names[0] = "#bounds";
+  argin[0] = true;
+  types[0] = bounds;
+  size_t i;
+  type_map::const_iterator iter;
+  for (i = 1, iter = infered_types.begin (); iter != infered_types.end ();
+       ++i, ++iter)
+    {
+      names[i] = iter->first.name ();
+      argin[i] = iter->second.first;
+      types[i] = iter->second.second;
+    }
+
+  initialize (names, argin, types);
+
+  try
+    {
+      value var_bounds = variables["#bounds"];
+      var_bounds.second = builder.CreateLoad (var_bounds.second);
+      emit_simple_for (cmd, var_bounds, true);
+    }
+  catch (const jit_fail_exception&)
+    {
+      function->eraseFromParent ();
+      function = 0;
+      return;
+    }
+
+  finalize (names);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression& be)
+{
+  tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+  value lhsv = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
+  rhs->accept (*this);
+  value rhsv = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  const jit_function::overload& ol
+    = tinfo->binary_op_overload (be.op_type (), lhsv.first, rhsv.first);
+
+  if (! ol.function)
+    fail ();
+
+  llvm::Value *result = builder.CreateCall2 (ol.function, lhsv.second,
+                                             rhsv.second);
+  push_value (ol.result, result);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_break_command (tree_break_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_global_command (tree_global_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_persistent_command (tree_persistent_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command& cmd)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  tree_expression *control = cmd.control_expr ();
+  assert (control); // FIXME: jwe, can this be null?
+
+  control->accept (*this);
+  value over = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  emit_simple_for (cmd, over, false);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_function_def (tree_function_def&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_identifier (tree_identifier& ti)
+{
+  std::string name = ti.name ();
+  value variable = variables[name];
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    {
+      value_stack.push_back (variable);
+
+      const jit_function::overload& ol = tinfo->release (variable.first);
+      if (ol.function)
+        {
+          llvm::Value *load = builder.CreateLoad (variable.second, name);
+          builder.CreateCall (ol.function, load);
+        }
+    }
+  else
+    {
+      llvm::Value *load = builder.CreateLoad (variable.second, name);
+      push_value (variable.first, load);
+
+      const jit_function::overload& ol = tinfo->grab (variable.first);
+      if (ol.function)
+        builder.CreateCall (ol.function, load);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_if_command (tree_if_command& cmd)
+{
+  tree_if_command_list *lst = cmd.cmd_list ();
+  assert (lst);
+  lst->accept (*this);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list& lst)
+{
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::BasicBlock *tail = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "if_tail", function);
+  std::vector<llvm::BasicBlock *> clause_entry (lst.size ());
+  tree_if_command_list::iterator p;
+  size_t i;
+  for (p = lst.begin (), i = 0; p != lst.end (); ++p, ++i)
+    {
+      tree_if_clause *tic = *p;
+      if (tic->is_else_clause ())
+        clause_entry[i] = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "else_body", function,
+                                                    tail);
+      else
+        clause_entry[i] = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "if_cond", function,
+                                                    tail);
+    }
+
+  builder.CreateBr (clause_entry[0]);
+
+  for (p = lst.begin (), i = 0; p != lst.end (); ++p, ++i)
+    {
+      tree_if_clause *tic = *p;
+      llvm::BasicBlock *body;
+      if (tic->is_else_clause ())
+        body = clause_entry[i];
+      else
+        {
+          llvm::BasicBlock *cond = clause_entry[i];
+          builder.SetInsertPoint (cond);
+
+          tree_expression *expr = tic->condition ();
+          expr->accept (*this);
+
+          // FIXME: Handle undefined case
+          value condv = value_stack.back ();
+          value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+          const jit_function::overload& ol = tinfo->get_logically_true (condv.first);
+          if (! ol.function)
+            fail ();
+
+          bool last = i + 1 == clause_entry.size ();
+          llvm::BasicBlock *next = last ? tail : clause_entry[i + 1];
+          body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "if_body", function, tail);
+
+          llvm::Value *is_true = builder.CreateCall (ol.function, condv.second);
+          builder.CreateCondBr (is_true, body, next);
+        }
+
+      tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = tic->commands ();
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+      stmt_lst->accept (*this);
+      builder.CreateBr (tail);
+    }
+
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (tail);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_matrix (tree_matrix&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_cell (tree_cell&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_constant (tree_constant& tc)
+{
+  octave_value v = tc.rvalue1 ();
+  llvm::LLVMContext& ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  if (v.is_real_scalar () && v.is_double_type ())
+    {
+      double dv = v.double_value ();
+      llvm::Value *lv = llvm::ConstantFP::get (ctx, llvm::APFloat (dv));
+      push_value (tinfo->get_scalar (), lv);
+    }
+  else if (v.is_range ())
+    {
+      Range rng = v.range_value ();
+      llvm::Type *range = tinfo->get_range_llvm ();
+      llvm::Type *scalar = tinfo->get_scalar_llvm ();
+      llvm::Type *index = tinfo->get_index_llvm ();
+
+      std::vector<llvm::Constant *> values (4);
+      values[0] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar, rng.base ());
+      values[1] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar, rng.limit ());
+      values[2] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar, rng.inc ());
+      values[3] = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index, rng.nelem ());
+
+      llvm::StructType *llvm_range = llvm::cast<llvm::StructType>(range);
+      llvm::Value *lv = llvm::ConstantStruct::get (llvm_range, values);
+      push_value (tinfo->get_range (), lv);
+    }
+  else
+    fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_return_command (tree_return_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_return_list (tree_return_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment& tsa)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  // resolve rhs
+  tree_expression *rhs = tsa.right_hand_side ();
+  rhs->accept (*this);
+
+  value rhsv = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  // resolve lhs
+  is_lvalue = true;
+  tree_expression *lhs = tsa.left_hand_side ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+  is_lvalue = false;
+
+  value lhsv = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  // do assign, then keep rhs as the result
+  builder.CreateStore (rhsv.second, lhsv.second);
+
+  if (tsa.print_result ())
+    emit_print (lhs->name (), rhsv);
+
+  value_stack.push_back (rhsv);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_statement (tree_statement& stmt)
+{
+  tree_command *cmd = stmt.command ();
+  tree_expression *expr = stmt.expression ();
+
+  if (cmd)
+    cmd->accept (*this);
+  else
+    {
+      // stolen from tree_evaluator::visit_statement
+      bool do_bind_ans = false;
+
+      if (expr->is_identifier ())
+        {
+          tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (expr);
+
+          do_bind_ans = (! id->is_variable ());
+        }
+      else
+        do_bind_ans = (! expr->is_assignment_expression ());
+
+      expr->accept (*this);
+
+      if (do_bind_ans)
+        {
+          value rhs = value_stack.back ();
+          value ans = variables["ans"];
+          if (ans.first != rhs.first)
+            fail ();
+
+          builder.CreateStore (rhs.second, ans.second);
+
+          if (expr->print_result ())
+            emit_print ("ans", rhs);
+        }
+      else if (expr->is_identifier () && expr->print_result ())
+        {
+          // FIXME: ugly hack, we need to come up with a way to pass
+          // nargout to visit_identifier
+          emit_print (expr->name (), value_stack.back ());
+        }
+
+
+      value_stack.pop_back ();
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list& lst)
+{
+  tree_statement_list::iterator iter;
+  for (iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end (); ++iter)
+    {
+      tree_statement *stmt = *iter;
+      assert (stmt); // FIXME: jwe can this be null?
+      stmt->accept (*this);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_while_command (tree_while_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&)
+{
+  fail ();
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::emit_simple_for (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, value over,
+                                bool atleast_once)
+{
+  if (is_lvalue)
+    fail ();
+
+  jit_type *index = tinfo->get_index ();
+  llvm::Value *init_index = 0;
+  if (over.first == tinfo->get_range ())
+    init_index = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (), 0);
+  else
+    fail ();
+
+  llvm::Value *llvm_index = builder.CreateAlloca (index->to_llvm (), 0, "index");
+  builder.CreateStore (init_index, llvm_index);
+
+  // FIXME: Support break
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::BasicBlock *body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "for_body", function);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *cond_check = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "for_check", function);
+  llvm::BasicBlock *tail = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "for_tail", function);
+
+  // initialize the iter from the index
+  if (atleast_once)
+    builder.CreateBr (body);
+  else
+    builder.CreateBr (cond_check);
+
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+
+  is_lvalue = true;
+  tree_expression *lhs = cmd.left_hand_side ();
+  lhs->accept (*this);
+  is_lvalue = false;
+
+  value lhsv = value_stack.back ();
+  value_stack.pop_back ();
+
+  const jit_function::overload& index_ol = tinfo->get_simple_for_index (over.first);
+  llvm::Value *lindex = builder.CreateLoad (llvm_index);
+  llvm::Value *llvm_iter = builder.CreateCall2 (index_ol.function, over.second, lindex);
+  value iter(index_ol.result, llvm_iter);
+  builder.CreateStore (iter.second, lhsv.second);
+
+  tree_statement_list *lst = cmd.body ();
+  lst->accept (*this);
+
+  llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (), 1);
+  lindex = builder.CreateLoad (llvm_index);
+  lindex = builder.CreateAdd (lindex, one);
+  builder.CreateStore (lindex, llvm_index);
+  builder.CreateBr (cond_check);
+
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (cond_check);
+  lindex = builder.CreateLoad (llvm_index);
+  const jit_function::overload& check_ol = tinfo->get_simple_for_check (over.first);
+  llvm::Value *cond = builder.CreateCall2 (check_ol.function, over.second, lindex);
+  builder.CreateCondBr (cond, body, tail);
+
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (tail);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::emit_print (const std::string& name, const value& v)
+{
+  const jit_function::overload& ol = tinfo->print_value (v.first);
+  if (! ol.function)
+    fail ();
+
+  llvm::Value *str = builder.CreateGlobalStringPtr (name);
+  builder.CreateCall2 (ol.function, str, v.second);
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::initialize (const std::vector<std::string>& names,
+                           const std::vector<bool>& argin,
+                           const std::vector<jit_type *> types)
+{
+  std::vector<llvm::Type *> arg_types (names.size ());
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size (); ++i)
+    arg_types[i] = types[i]->to_llvm_arg ();
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &ctx = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+  llvm::Type *tvoid = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (ctx);
+  llvm::FunctionType *ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (tvoid, arg_types, false);
+  function = llvm::Function::Create (ft, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
+                                     "foobar", module);
+
+  // create variables and copy initial values
+  llvm::BasicBlock *body = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (ctx, "body", function);
+  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_iter = function->arg_begin();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < names.size (); ++i, ++arg_iter)
+    {
+      llvm::Type *vartype = types[i]->to_llvm ();
+      const std::string& name = names[i];
+      llvm::Value *var = builder.CreateAlloca (vartype, 0, name);
+      variables[name] = value (types[i], var);
+
+      if (argin[i] || types[i]->force_init ())
+        {
+          llvm::Value *loaded_arg = builder.CreateLoad (arg_iter);
+          builder.CreateStore (loaded_arg, var);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+jit_generator::finalize (const std::vector<std::string>& names)
+{
+  // copy computed values back into arguments
+  // we use names instead of looping through variables because order is
+  // important
+  llvm::Function::arg_iterator arg_iter = function->arg_begin();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < names.size (); ++i, ++arg_iter)
+    {
+      llvm::Value *var = variables[names[i]].second;
+      llvm::Value *loaded_var = builder.CreateLoad (var);
+      builder.CreateStore (loaded_var, arg_iter);
+    }
+  builder.CreateRetVoid ();
+}
+
+// -------------------- tree_jit --------------------
+
+tree_jit::tree_jit (void) : context (llvm::getGlobalContext ()), engine (0)
+{
+  llvm::InitializeNativeTarget ();
+  module = new llvm::Module ("octave", context);
+}
+
+tree_jit::~tree_jit (void)
+{
+  delete tinfo;
+}
+
+bool
+tree_jit::execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds)
+{
+  if (! initialize ())
+    return false;
+
+  jit_type *bounds_t = tinfo->type_of (bounds);
+  jit_info *jinfo = cmd.get_info (bounds_t);
+  if (! jinfo)
+    {
+      jinfo = new jit_info (*this, cmd, bounds_t);
+      cmd.stash_info (bounds_t, jinfo);
+    }
+
+  return jinfo->execute (bounds);
+}
+
+bool
+tree_jit::initialize (void)
+{
+  if (engine)
+    return true;
+
+  // sometimes this fails pre main
+  engine = llvm::ExecutionEngine::createJIT (module);
+
+  if (! engine)
+    return false;
+
+  module_pass_manager = new llvm::PassManager ();
+  module_pass_manager->add (llvm::createAlwaysInlinerPass ());
+
+  pass_manager = new llvm::FunctionPassManager (module);
+  pass_manager->add (new llvm::TargetData(*engine->getTargetData ()));
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createBasicAliasAnalysisPass ());
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass ());
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createInstructionCombiningPass ());
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createReassociatePass ());
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createGVNPass ());
+  pass_manager->add (llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass ());
+  pass_manager->doInitialization ();
+
+  tinfo = new jit_typeinfo (module, engine);
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+void
+tree_jit::optimize (llvm::Function *fn)
+{
+  module_pass_manager->run (*module);
+  pass_manager->run (*fn);
+}
+
+// -------------------- jit_info --------------------
+jit_info::jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree_simple_for_command& cmd,
+                    jit_type *bounds) : tinfo (tjit.get_typeinfo ()),
+                                        engine (tjit.get_engine ()),
+                                        bounds_t (bounds)
+{
+  jit_infer infer(tinfo);
+
+  try
+    {
+      infer.infer (cmd, bounds);
+    }
+  catch (const jit_fail_exception&)
+    {
+      function = 0;
+      return;
+    }
+
+  types = infer.get_types ();
+
+  jit_generator gen(tinfo, tjit.get_module (), cmd, bounds, types);
+  function = gen.get_function ();
+
+  if (function)
+    {
+      if (debug_print)
+        {
+          std::cout << "Compiled code:\n";
+          std::cout << cmd.str_print_code () << std::endl;
+
+          std::cout << "Before optimization:\n";
+
+          llvm::raw_os_ostream os (std::cout);
+          function->print (os);
+        }
+      llvm::verifyFunction (*function);
+      tjit.optimize (function);
+
+      if (debug_print)
+        {
+          std::cout << "After optimization:\n";
+
+          llvm::raw_os_ostream os (std::cout);
+          function->print (os);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+jit_info::execute (const octave_value& bounds) const
+{
+  if (! function)
+    return false;
+
+  std::vector<llvm::GenericValue> args (types.size () + 1);
+  tinfo->to_generic (bounds_t, args[0], bounds);
+
+  size_t idx;
+  type_map::const_iterator iter;
+  for (idx = 1, iter = types.begin (); iter != types.end (); ++iter, ++idx)
+    {
+      if (iter->second.first) // argin?
+        {
+          octave_value ov = iter->first->varval ();
+          tinfo->to_generic (iter->second.second, args[idx], ov);
+        }
+      else
+        tinfo->to_generic (iter->second.second, args[idx]);
+    }
+
+  engine->runFunction (function, args);
+
+  for (idx = 1, iter = types.begin (); iter != types.end (); ++iter, ++idx)
+    {
+      octave_value result = tinfo->to_octave_value (iter->second.second, args[idx]);
+      octave_value &ref = iter->first->varref ();
+      ref = result;
+    }
+
+  tinfo->reset_generic ();
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool
+jit_info::match () const
+{
+  for (type_map::const_iterator iter = types.begin (); iter != types.end ();
+       ++iter)
+       
+    {
+      if (iter->second.first) // argin?
+        {
+          jit_type *required_type = iter->second.second;
+          octave_value val = iter->first->varval ();
+          jit_type *current_type = tinfo->type_of (val);
+
+          // FIXME: should be: ! required_type->is_parent (current_type)
+          if (required_type != current_type)
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+  return true;
+}
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/pt-jit.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+/*
+
+Copyright (C) 2012 Max Brister <max@2bass.com>
+
+This file is part of Octave.
+
+Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+option) any later version.
+
+Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+*/
+
+#if !defined (octave_tree_jit_h)
+#define octave_tree_jit_h 1
+
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "Array.h"
+#include "Range.h"
+#include "pt-walk.h"
+#include "symtab.h"
+
+// -------------------- Current status --------------------
+// Simple binary operations (+-*/) on octave_scalar's (doubles) are optimized.
+// However, there is no warning emitted on divide by 0. For example,
+// a = 5;
+// b = a * 5 + a;
+//
+// For other types all binary operations are compiled but not optimized. For
+// example,
+// a = [1 2 3]
+// b = a + a;
+// will compile to do_binary_op (a, a).
+//
+// for loops with ranges compile. For example,
+// for i=1:1000
+//   result = i + 1;
+// endfor
+// Will compile. Nested for loops with constant bounds are also supported.
+//
+// If statements/comparisons compile, but && and || do not.
+//
+// TODO:
+// 1. Support iteration over matricies
+// 2. Check error state
+// 3. ...
+// ---------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+// we don't want to include llvm headers here, as they require __STDC_LIMIT_MACROS
+// and __STDC_CONSTANT_MACROS be defined in the entire compilation unit
+namespace llvm
+{
+  class Value;
+  class Module;
+  class FunctionPassManager;
+  class PassManager;
+  class ExecutionEngine;
+  class Function;
+  class BasicBlock;
+  class LLVMContext;
+  class Type;
+  class GenericValue;
+  class Twine;
+}
+
+class octave_base_value;
+class octave_value;
+class tree;
+
+// jit_range is compatable with the llvm range structure
+struct
+jit_range
+{
+  jit_range (void) {}
+
+  jit_range (const Range& from) : base (from.base ()), limit (from.limit ()),
+    inc (from.inc ()), nelem (from.nelem ())
+    {}
+
+  operator Range () const
+  {
+    return Range (base, limit, inc);
+  }
+
+  double base;
+  double limit;
+  double inc;
+  octave_idx_type nelem;
+};
+
+// Used to keep track of estimated (infered) types during JIT. This is a
+// hierarchical type system which includes both concrete and abstract types.
+//
+// Current, we only support any and scalar types. If we can't figure out what
+// type a variable is, we assign it the any type. This allows us to generate
+// code even for the case of poor type inference.
+class
+jit_type
+{
+public:
+  jit_type (const std::string& n, bool fi, jit_type *mparent, llvm::Type *lt,
+            int tid) :
+    mname (n), finit (fi), p (mparent), llvm_type (lt), id (tid)
+  {}
+
+  // a user readable type name
+  const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
+
+  // do we need to initialize variables of this type, even if they are not
+  // input arguments?
+  bool force_init (void) const { return finit; }
+
+  // a unique id for the type
+  int type_id (void) const { return id; }
+
+  // An abstract base type, may be null
+  jit_type *parent (void) const { return p; }
+
+  // convert to an llvm type
+  llvm::Type *to_llvm (void) const { return llvm_type; }
+
+  // how this type gets passed as a function argument
+  llvm::Type *to_llvm_arg (void) const;
+private:
+  std::string mname;
+  bool finit;
+  jit_type *p;
+  llvm::Type *llvm_type;
+  int id;
+};
+
+// Keeps track of overloads for a builtin function. Used for both type inference
+// and code generation.
+class
+jit_function
+{
+public:
+  struct overload
+  {
+    overload (void) : function (0), can_error (true), result (0) {}
+
+    overload (llvm::Function *f, bool e, jit_type *r, jit_type *arg0) :
+      function (f), can_error (e), result (r), arguments (1)
+    {
+      arguments[0] = arg0;
+    }
+
+    overload (llvm::Function *f, bool e, jit_type *r, jit_type *arg0,
+              jit_type *arg1) : function (f), can_error (e), result (r),
+                                arguments (2)
+    {
+      arguments[0] = arg0;
+      arguments[1] = arg1;
+    }
+
+    llvm::Function *function;
+    bool can_error;
+    jit_type *result;
+    std::vector<jit_type*> arguments;
+  };
+
+  void add_overload (const overload& func)
+  {
+    add_overload (func, func.arguments);
+  }
+
+  void add_overload (llvm::Function *f, bool e, jit_type *r, jit_type *arg0)
+  {
+    overload ol (f, e, r, arg0);
+    add_overload (ol);
+  }
+
+  void add_overload (llvm::Function *f, bool e, jit_type *r, jit_type *arg0,
+                     jit_type *arg1)
+  {
+    overload ol (f, e, r, arg0, arg1);
+    add_overload (ol);
+  }
+
+  void add_overload (const overload& func,
+                     const std::vector<jit_type*>& args);
+
+  const overload& get_overload (const std::vector<jit_type *>& types) const;
+
+  const overload& get_overload (jit_type *arg0) const
+  {
+    std::vector<jit_type *> types (1);
+    types[0] = arg0;
+    return get_overload (types);
+  }
+
+  const overload& get_overload (jit_type *arg0, jit_type *arg1) const
+  {
+    std::vector<jit_type *> types (2);
+    types[0] = arg0;
+    types[1] = arg1;
+    return get_overload (types);
+  }
+
+  jit_type *get_result (const std::vector<jit_type *>& types) const
+  {
+    const overload& temp = get_overload (types);
+    return temp.result;
+  }
+
+  jit_type *get_result (jit_type *arg0, jit_type *arg1) const
+  {
+    const overload& temp = get_overload (arg0, arg1);
+    return temp.result;
+  }
+private:
+  Array<octave_idx_type> to_idx (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const;
+
+  std::vector<Array<overload> > overloads;
+};
+
+// Get information and manipulate jit types.
+class
+jit_typeinfo
+{
+public:
+  jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e);
+
+  jit_type *get_any (void) const { return any; }
+
+  jit_type *get_scalar (void) const { return scalar; }
+
+  llvm::Type *get_scalar_llvm (void) const { return scalar->to_llvm (); }
+
+  jit_type *get_range (void) const { return range; }
+
+  llvm::Type *get_range_llvm (void) const { return range->to_llvm (); }
+
+  jit_type *get_bool (void) const { return boolean; }
+
+  jit_type *get_index (void) const { return index; }
+
+  llvm::Type *get_index_llvm (void) const { return index->to_llvm (); }
+
+  jit_type *type_of (const octave_value& ov) const;
+
+  const jit_function& binary_op (int op) const;
+
+  const jit_function::overload& binary_op_overload (int op, jit_type *lhs,
+                                                    jit_type *rhs) const
+    {
+      const jit_function& jf = binary_op (op);
+      return jf.get_overload (lhs, rhs);
+    }
+
+  jit_type *binary_op_result (int op, jit_type *lhs, jit_type *rhs) const
+    {
+      const jit_function::overload& ol = binary_op_overload (op, lhs, rhs);
+      return ol.result;
+    }
+
+  const jit_function::overload& grab (jit_type *ty) const
+  {
+    return grab_fn.get_overload (ty);
+  }
+
+  const jit_function::overload& release (jit_type *ty) const
+  {
+    return release_fn.get_overload (ty);
+  }
+
+  const jit_function::overload& print_value (jit_type *to_print) const;
+
+  const jit_function::overload& get_simple_for_check (jit_type *bounds) const
+  {
+    return simple_for_check.get_overload (bounds, index);
+  }
+
+  const jit_function::overload& get_simple_for_index (jit_type *bounds) const
+  {
+    return simple_for_index.get_overload (bounds, index);
+  }
+
+  jit_type *get_simple_for_index_result (jit_type *bounds) const
+  {
+    const jit_function::overload& ol = get_simple_for_index (bounds);
+    return ol.result;
+  }
+
+  const jit_function::overload& get_logically_true (jit_type *conv) const
+  {
+    return logically_true.get_overload (conv);
+  }
+
+  void to_generic (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv);
+
+  void to_generic (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv, octave_value ov);
+
+  octave_value to_octave_value (jit_type *type, llvm::GenericValue& gv);
+
+  void reset_generic (void);
+private:
+  jit_type *new_type (const std::string& name, bool force_init,
+                      jit_type *parent, llvm::Type *llvm_type);
+
+  void add_print (jit_type *ty, void *call);
+
+  void add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+  void add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+  void add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, llvm::Type *ret,
+                                   llvm::Type *arg0)
+  {
+    std::vector<llvm::Type *> args (1, arg0);
+    return create_function (name, ret, args);
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                   jit_type *arg0)
+  {
+    return create_function (name, ret->to_llvm (), arg0->to_llvm ());
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, llvm::Type *ret,
+                                   llvm::Type *arg0, llvm::Type *arg1)
+  {
+    std::vector<llvm::Type *> args (2);
+    args[0] = arg0;
+    args[1] = arg1;
+    return create_function (name, ret, args);
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                   jit_type *arg0, jit_type *arg1)
+  {
+    return create_function (name, ret->to_llvm (), arg0->to_llvm (),
+                            arg1->to_llvm ());
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, llvm::Type *ret,
+                                   llvm::Type *arg0, llvm::Type *arg1,
+                                   llvm::Type *arg2)
+  {
+    std::vector<llvm::Type *> args (3);
+    args[0] = arg0;
+    args[1] = arg1;
+    args[2] = arg2;
+    return create_function (name, ret, args);
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                   jit_type *arg0, jit_type *arg1,
+                                   jit_type *arg2)
+  {
+    return create_function (name, ret->to_llvm (), arg0->to_llvm (),
+                            arg1->to_llvm (), arg2->to_llvm ());
+  }
+
+  llvm::Function *create_function (const llvm::Twine& name, llvm::Type *ret,
+                                   const std::vector<llvm::Type *>& args);
+
+  llvm::Module *module;
+  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+  int next_id;
+
+  llvm::Type *ov_t;
+
+  std::vector<jit_type*> id_to_type;
+  jit_type *any;
+  jit_type *scalar;
+  jit_type *range;
+  jit_type *boolean;
+  jit_type *index;
+
+  std::vector<jit_function> binary_ops;
+  jit_function grab_fn;
+  jit_function release_fn;
+  jit_function print_fn;
+  jit_function simple_for_check;
+  jit_function simple_for_incr;
+  jit_function simple_for_index;
+  jit_function logically_true;
+
+  std::list<double> scalar_out;
+  std::list<octave_base_value *> ov_out;
+  std::list<jit_range> range_out;
+};
+
+class
+jit_infer : public tree_walker
+{
+public:
+  // pair <argin, type>
+  typedef std::pair<bool, jit_type *> type_entry;
+  typedef std::map<symbol_table::symbol_record_ref, type_entry,
+                   symbol_table::symbol_record_ref::comparator> type_map;
+
+  jit_infer (jit_typeinfo *ti) : tinfo (ti), is_lvalue (false),
+                                  rvalue_type (0)
+  {}
+
+  const type_map& get_types () const { return types; }
+
+  void infer (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, jit_type *bounds);
+
+  void visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&);
+
+  void visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&);
+
+  void visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression&);
+
+  void visit_break_command (tree_break_command&);
+
+  void visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&);
+
+  void visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&);
+
+  void visit_global_command (tree_global_command&);
+
+  void visit_persistent_command (tree_persistent_command&);
+
+  void visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&);
+
+  void visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&);
+
+  void visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command&);
+
+  void visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_function_def (tree_function_def&);
+
+  void visit_identifier (tree_identifier&);
+
+  void visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&);
+
+  void visit_if_command (tree_if_command&);
+
+  void visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list&);
+
+  void visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&);
+
+  void visit_matrix (tree_matrix&);
+
+  void visit_cell (tree_cell&);
+
+  void visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&);
+
+  void visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&);
+
+  void visit_constant (tree_constant&);
+
+  void visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&);
+
+  void visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&);
+
+  void visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&);
+
+  void visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&);
+
+  void visit_return_command (tree_return_command&);
+
+  void visit_return_list (tree_return_list&);
+
+  void visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment&);
+
+  void visit_statement (tree_statement&);
+
+  void visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list&);
+
+  void visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&);
+
+  void visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&);
+
+  void visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&);
+
+  void visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&);
+
+  void visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&);
+
+  void visit_while_command (tree_while_command&);
+
+  void visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&);
+private:
+  void infer_simple_for (tree_simple_for_command& cmd,
+                         jit_type *bounds);
+
+  void handle_identifier (const symbol_table::symbol_record_ref& record);
+
+  void merge (type_map& dest, const type_map& src);
+
+  jit_typeinfo *tinfo;
+
+  bool is_lvalue;
+  jit_type *rvalue_type;
+
+  type_map types;
+
+  std::vector<jit_type *> type_stack;
+};
+
+class
+jit_generator : public tree_walker
+{
+public:
+  typedef jit_infer::type_map type_map;
+
+  jit_generator (jit_typeinfo *ti, llvm::Module *mod, tree_simple_for_command &cmd,
+                 jit_type *bounds, const type_map& infered_types);
+
+  llvm::Function *get_function () const { return function; }
+
+  void visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&);
+
+  void visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&);
+
+  void visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression&);
+
+  void visit_break_command (tree_break_command&);
+
+  void visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&);
+
+  void visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&);
+
+  void visit_global_command (tree_global_command&);
+
+  void visit_persistent_command (tree_persistent_command&);
+
+  void visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&);
+
+  void visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&);
+
+  void visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command&);
+
+  void visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&);
+
+  void visit_function_def (tree_function_def&);
+
+  void visit_identifier (tree_identifier&);
+
+  void visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&);
+
+  void visit_if_command (tree_if_command&);
+
+  void visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list&);
+
+  void visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&);
+
+  void visit_matrix (tree_matrix&);
+
+  void visit_cell (tree_cell&);
+
+  void visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&);
+
+  void visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&);
+
+  void visit_constant (tree_constant&);
+
+  void visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&);
+
+  void visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&);
+
+  void visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&);
+
+  void visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&);
+
+  void visit_return_command (tree_return_command&);
+
+  void visit_return_list (tree_return_list&);
+
+  void visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment&);
+
+  void visit_statement (tree_statement&);
+
+  void visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list&);
+
+  void visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&);
+
+  void visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&);
+
+  void visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&);
+
+  void visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&);
+
+  void visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&);
+
+  void visit_while_command (tree_while_command&);
+
+  void visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&);
+private:
+  typedef std::pair<jit_type *, llvm::Value *> value;
+
+  void emit_simple_for (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, value over,
+                        bool atleast_once);
+
+  void emit_print (const std::string& name, const value& v);
+
+  void push_value (jit_type *type, llvm::Value *v)
+  {
+    value_stack.push_back (value (type, v));
+  }
+
+  void initialize (const std::vector<std::string>& names,
+                   const std::vector<bool>& argin,
+                   const std::vector<jit_type *> types);
+
+  void finalize (const std::vector<std::string>& names);
+
+  jit_typeinfo *tinfo;
+  llvm::Module *module;
+  llvm::Function *function;
+
+  bool is_lvalue;
+  std::map<std::string, value> variables;
+  std::vector<value> value_stack;
+};
+
+class
+tree_jit
+{
+public:
+  tree_jit (void);
+
+  ~tree_jit (void);
+
+  bool execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds);
+
+  jit_typeinfo *get_typeinfo (void) const { return tinfo; }
+
+  llvm::ExecutionEngine *get_engine (void) const { return engine; }
+
+  llvm::Module *get_module (void) const { return module; }
+
+  void optimize (llvm::Function *fn);
+ private:
+  bool initialize (void);
+
+  llvm::LLVMContext &context;
+  llvm::Module *module;
+  llvm::PassManager *module_pass_manager;
+  llvm::FunctionPassManager *pass_manager;
+  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+
+  jit_typeinfo *tinfo;
+};
+
+class
+jit_info
+{
+public:
+  typedef jit_infer::type_map type_map;
+
+  jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree_simple_for_command& cmd, jit_type *bounds);
+
+  bool execute (const octave_value& bounds) const;
+
+  bool match (void) const;
+private:
+  jit_typeinfo *tinfo;
+  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+  type_map types;
+  llvm::Function *function;
+  jit_type *bounds_t;
+};
+
+#endif
--- a/src/pt-loop.cc	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-loop.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "pt-bp.h"
 #include "pt-cmd.h"
 #include "pt-exp.h"
+#include "pt-jit.h"
 #include "pt-jump.h"
 #include "pt-loop.h"
 #include "pt-stmt.h"
@@ -97,6 +98,10 @@
   delete list;
   delete lead_comm;
   delete trail_comm;
+
+  for (compiled_map::iterator iter = compiled.begin (); iter != compiled.end ();
+       ++iter)
+    delete iter->second;
 }
 
 tree_command *
--- a/src/pt-loop.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-loop.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -36,6 +36,9 @@
 #include "pt-cmd.h"
 #include "symtab.h"
 
+class jit_info;
+class jit_type;
+
 // While.
 
 class
@@ -180,7 +183,20 @@
 
   void accept (tree_walker& tw);
 
+  // some functions use by tree_jit
+  jit_info *get_info (jit_type *type) const
+  {
+    compiled_map::const_iterator iter = compiled.find (type);
+    return iter != compiled.end () ? iter->second : 0;
+  }
+
+  void stash_info (jit_type *type, jit_info *jinfo)
+  {
+    compiled[type] = jinfo;
+  }
+
 private:
+  typedef std::map<jit_type *, jit_info *> compiled_map;
 
   // TRUE means operate in parallel (subject to the value of the
   // maxproc expression).
@@ -205,6 +221,9 @@
   // Comment preceding ENDFOR token.
   octave_comment_list *trail_comm;
 
+  // a map from iterator types -> compiled functions
+  compiled_map compiled;
+
   // No copying!
 
   tree_simple_for_command (const tree_simple_for_command&);
--- a/src/pt-stmt.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/pt-stmt.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -35,12 +35,13 @@
 #include "base-list.h"
 #include "comment-list.h"
 #include "symtab.h"
+#include "pt.h"
 
 // A statement is either a command to execute or an expression to
 // evaluate.
 
 class
-tree_statement
+tree_statement : public tree
 {
 public:
 
--- a/src/symtab.h	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/symtab.h	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
       return symbol_record (rep->dup (new_scope));
     }
 
-    std::string name (void) const { return rep->name; }
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return rep->name; }
 
     octave_value
     find (const octave_value_list& args = octave_value_list ()) const;
@@ -581,6 +581,66 @@
     symbol_record (symbol_record_rep *new_rep) : rep (new_rep) { }
   };
 
+  // Always access a symbol from the current scope.
+  // Useful for scripts, as they may be executed in more than one scope.
+  class
+  symbol_record_ref
+  {
+  public:
+    symbol_record_ref (void) : scope (-1) {}
+
+    symbol_record_ref (symbol_record record,
+                       scope_id curr_scope = symbol_table::current_scope ())
+      : scope (curr_scope), sym (record)
+    {}
+
+    symbol_record_ref& operator = (const symbol_record_ref& ref)
+    {
+      scope = ref.scope;
+      sym = ref.sym;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    // The name is the same regardless of scope.
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return sym.name (); }
+
+    symbol_record *operator-> (void)
+    {
+      update ();
+      return &sym;
+    }
+
+    symbol_record *operator-> (void) const
+    {
+      update ();
+      return &sym;
+    }
+
+    // can be used to place symbol_record_ref in maps, we don't overload < as
+    // it doesn't make any sense for symbol_record_ref
+    struct comparator
+    {
+      bool operator ()(const symbol_record_ref& lhs,
+                       const symbol_record_ref& rhs) const
+      {
+        return lhs.name () < rhs.name ();
+      }
+    };
+  private:
+    void update (void) const
+    {
+      scope_id curr_scope = symbol_table::current_scope ();
+      if (scope != curr_scope || ! sym.is_valid ())
+        {
+          scope = curr_scope;
+          sym = symbol_table::insert (sym.name ());
+        }
+    }
+
+    mutable scope_id scope;
+    mutable symbol_record sym;
+  };
+
   class
   fcn_info
   {
--- a/src/toplev.cc	Wed May 23 13:36:24 2012 -0400
+++ b/src/toplev.cc	Wed May 23 16:22:05 2012 -0400
@@ -1325,6 +1325,9 @@
       { false, "MAGICK_CPPFLAGS", OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_CPPFLAGS },
       { false, "MAGICK_LDFLAGS", OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LDFLAGS },
       { false, "MAGICK_LIBS", OCTAVE_CONF_MAGICK_LIBS },
+      { false, "LLVM_CPPFLAGS", OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_CPPFLAGS },
+      { false, "LLVM_LDFLAGS", OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LDFLAGS },
+      { false, "LLVM_LIBS", OCTAVE_CONF_LLVM_LIBS },
       { false, "MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS", OCTAVE_CONF_MKOCTFILE_DL_LDFLAGS },
       { false, "OCTAVE_LINK_DEPS", OCTAVE_CONF_OCTAVE_LINK_DEPS },
       { false, "OCTAVE_LINK_OPTS", OCTAVE_CONF_OCTAVE_LINK_OPTS },