Mercurial > octave
annotate doc/interpreter/basics.txi @ 22755:3a2b891d0b33
maint: Standardize Copyright formatting.
* Makefile.am, README, build-aux/check-subst-vars.in.sh,
build-aux/find-files-with-tests.sh, build-aux/mk-builtins.sh,
build-aux/mk-default-qt-settings.in.sh, build-aux/mk-f77-def.in.sh,
build-aux/mk-hg-id.sh, build-aux/mk-mxarray-h.in.sh,
build-aux/mk-octave-config-h.sh, build-aux/mk-opts.pl,
build-aux/mk-version-h.in.sh, build-aux/subst-config-vals.in.sh,
build-aux/subst-cross-config-vals.in.sh, build-aux/subst-default-vals.in.sh,
build-aux/subst-f77-isnan-macro.in.sh, build-aux/subst-script-vals.in.sh,
configure.ac, doc/interpreter/arith.txi, doc/interpreter/audio.txi,
doc/interpreter/basics.txi, doc/interpreter/bugs.txi,
doc/interpreter/container.txi, doc/interpreter/cp-idx.txi,
doc/interpreter/data.txi, doc/interpreter/debug.txi,
doc/interpreter/diagperm.txi, doc/interpreter/diffeq.txi,
doc/interpreter/errors.txi, doc/interpreter/eval.txi, doc/interpreter/expr.txi,
doc/interpreter/external.txi, doc/interpreter/fn-idx.txi,
doc/interpreter/func.txi, doc/interpreter/genpropdoc.m,
doc/interpreter/geometry.txi, doc/interpreter/geometryimages.m,
doc/interpreter/grammar.txi, doc/interpreter/gui.txi,
doc/interpreter/image.txi, doc/interpreter/install.txi,
doc/interpreter/interp.txi, doc/interpreter/interpimages.m,
doc/interpreter/intro.txi, doc/interpreter/io.txi, doc/interpreter/linalg.txi,
doc/interpreter/macros.texi, doc/interpreter/matrix.txi,
doc/interpreter/mk-doc-cache.pl, doc/interpreter/mkoctfile.1,
doc/interpreter/nonlin.txi, doc/interpreter/numbers.txi,
doc/interpreter/obsolete.txi, doc/interpreter/octave-cli.1,
doc/interpreter/octave-config.1, doc/interpreter/octave.1,
doc/interpreter/octave.css, doc/interpreter/octave.texi,
doc/interpreter/oop.txi, doc/interpreter/op-idx.txi, doc/interpreter/optim.txi,
doc/interpreter/package.txi, doc/interpreter/plot.txi,
doc/interpreter/plotimages.m, doc/interpreter/poly.txi,
doc/interpreter/preface.txi, doc/interpreter/quad.txi, doc/interpreter/set.txi,
doc/interpreter/signal.txi, doc/interpreter/sparse.txi,
doc/interpreter/sparseimages.m, doc/interpreter/splineimages.m,
doc/interpreter/stats.txi, doc/interpreter/stmt.txi,
doc/interpreter/strings.txi, doc/interpreter/system.txi,
doc/interpreter/testfun.txi, doc/interpreter/var.txi,
doc/interpreter/vectorize.txi, doc/liboctave/array.texi,
doc/liboctave/bugs.texi, doc/liboctave/cp-idx.texi, doc/liboctave/dae.texi,
doc/liboctave/diffeq.texi, doc/liboctave/error.texi, doc/liboctave/factor.texi,
doc/liboctave/fn-idx.texi, doc/liboctave/gpl.texi, doc/liboctave/install.texi,
doc/liboctave/intro.texi, doc/liboctave/liboctave.texi,
doc/liboctave/matvec.texi, doc/liboctave/nleqn.texi, doc/liboctave/nlfunc.texi,
doc/liboctave/ode.texi, doc/liboctave/optim.texi, doc/liboctave/preface.texi,
doc/liboctave/quad.texi, doc/liboctave/range.texi, doc/refcard/refcard-a4.tex,
doc/refcard/refcard-legal.tex, doc/refcard/refcard-letter.tex,
doc/refcard/refcard.tex, etc/HACKING, etc/icons/octave.appdata.xml.in,
libgui/graphics/Backend.cc, libgui/graphics/Backend.h,
libgui/graphics/BaseControl.cc, libgui/graphics/BaseControl.h,
libgui/graphics/ButtonControl.cc, libgui/graphics/ButtonControl.h,
libgui/graphics/ButtonGroup.cc, libgui/graphics/ButtonGroup.h,
libgui/graphics/Canvas.cc, libgui/graphics/Canvas.h,
libgui/graphics/CheckBoxControl.cc, libgui/graphics/CheckBoxControl.h,
libgui/graphics/Container.cc, libgui/graphics/Container.h,
libgui/graphics/ContextMenu.cc, libgui/graphics/ContextMenu.h,
libgui/graphics/EditControl.cc, libgui/graphics/EditControl.h,
libgui/graphics/Figure.cc, libgui/graphics/Figure.h,
libgui/graphics/FigureWindow.cc, libgui/graphics/FigureWindow.h,
libgui/graphics/GLCanvas.cc, libgui/graphics/GLCanvas.h,
libgui/graphics/GenericEventNotify.h, libgui/graphics/KeyMap.cc,
libgui/graphics/KeyMap.h, libgui/graphics/ListBoxControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/ListBoxControl.h, libgui/graphics/Logger.cc,
libgui/graphics/Logger.h, libgui/graphics/Menu.cc, libgui/graphics/Menu.h,
libgui/graphics/MenuContainer.h, libgui/graphics/MouseModeActionGroup.cc,
libgui/graphics/MouseModeActionGroup.h, libgui/graphics/Object.cc,
libgui/graphics/Object.h, libgui/graphics/ObjectFactory.cc,
libgui/graphics/ObjectFactory.h, libgui/graphics/ObjectProxy.cc,
libgui/graphics/ObjectProxy.h, libgui/graphics/Panel.cc,
libgui/graphics/Panel.h, libgui/graphics/PopupMenuControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/PopupMenuControl.h, libgui/graphics/PushButtonControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/PushButtonControl.h, libgui/graphics/PushTool.cc,
libgui/graphics/PushTool.h, libgui/graphics/QtHandlesUtils.cc,
libgui/graphics/QtHandlesUtils.h, libgui/graphics/RadioButtonControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/RadioButtonControl.h, libgui/graphics/SliderControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/SliderControl.h, libgui/graphics/TextControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/TextControl.h, libgui/graphics/TextEdit.cc,
libgui/graphics/TextEdit.h, libgui/graphics/ToggleButtonControl.cc,
libgui/graphics/ToggleButtonControl.h, libgui/graphics/ToggleTool.cc,
libgui/graphics/ToggleTool.h, libgui/graphics/ToolBar.cc,
libgui/graphics/ToolBar.h, libgui/graphics/ToolBarButton.cc,
libgui/graphics/ToolBarButton.h, libgui/graphics/__init_qt__.cc,
libgui/graphics/__init_qt__.h, libgui/graphics/annotation-dialog.cc,
libgui/graphics/annotation-dialog.h, libgui/graphics/gl-select.cc,
libgui/graphics/gl-select.h, libgui/src/color-picker.cc,
libgui/src/color-picker.h, libgui/src/dialog.cc, libgui/src/dialog.h,
libgui/src/documentation-dock-widget.cc,
libgui/src/documentation-dock-widget.h, libgui/src/files-dock-widget.cc,
libgui/src/files-dock-widget.h, libgui/src/find-files-dialog.cc,
libgui/src/find-files-dialog.h, libgui/src/find-files-model.cc,
libgui/src/find-files-model.h, libgui/src/history-dock-widget.cc,
libgui/src/history-dock-widget.h, libgui/src/liboctgui-build-info.h,
libgui/src/liboctgui-build-info.in.cc,
libgui/src/m-editor/file-editor-interface.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/file-editor-tab.cc, libgui/src/m-editor/file-editor-tab.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/file-editor.cc, libgui/src/m-editor/file-editor.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/find-dialog.cc, libgui/src/m-editor/find-dialog.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/marker.cc, libgui/src/m-editor/marker.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/octave-qscintilla.cc,
libgui/src/m-editor/octave-qscintilla.h,
libgui/src/m-editor/octave-txt-lexer.cc,
libgui/src/m-editor/octave-txt-lexer.h, libgui/src/main-window.cc,
libgui/src/main-window.h, libgui/src/octave-cmd.cc, libgui/src/octave-cmd.h,
libgui/src/octave-dock-widget.cc, libgui/src/octave-dock-widget.h,
libgui/src/octave-gui.cc, libgui/src/octave-gui.h,
libgui/src/octave-interpreter.cc, libgui/src/octave-interpreter.h,
libgui/src/octave-qt-link.cc, libgui/src/octave-qt-link.h,
libgui/src/qtinfo/parser.cc, libgui/src/qtinfo/parser.h,
libgui/src/qtinfo/webinfo.cc, libgui/src/qtinfo/webinfo.h,
libgui/src/resource-manager.cc, libgui/src/resource-manager.h,
libgui/src/settings-dialog.cc, libgui/src/settings-dialog.h,
libgui/src/shortcut-manager.cc, libgui/src/shortcut-manager.h,
libgui/src/terminal-dock-widget.cc, libgui/src/terminal-dock-widget.h,
libgui/src/thread-manager.cc, libgui/src/thread-manager.h,
libgui/src/welcome-wizard.cc, libgui/src/welcome-wizard.h,
libgui/src/workspace-model.cc, libgui/src/workspace-model.h,
libgui/src/workspace-view.cc, libgui/src/workspace-view.h,
libinterp/build-env.h, libinterp/build-env.in.cc, libinterp/builtins.h,
libinterp/corefcn/Cell.cc, libinterp/corefcn/Cell.h,
libinterp/corefcn/__contourc__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__dsearchn__.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/__ichol__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__ilu__.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/__lin_interpn__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__luinc__.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/__magick_read__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/__pchip_deriv__.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/__qp__.cc, libinterp/corefcn/balance.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/base-text-renderer.h, libinterp/corefcn/besselj.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/betainc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/bitfcns.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/bsxfun.cc, libinterp/corefcn/c-file-ptr-stream.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/c-file-ptr-stream.h, libinterp/corefcn/call-stack.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/call-stack.h, libinterp/corefcn/cdisplay.c,
libinterp/corefcn/cdisplay.h, libinterp/corefcn/cellfun.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/coct-hdf5-types.c, libinterp/corefcn/colloc.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/comment-list.cc, libinterp/corefcn/comment-list.h,
libinterp/corefcn/conv2.cc, libinterp/corefcn/daspk.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/dasrt.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dassl.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/data.cc, libinterp/corefcn/data.h,
libinterp/corefcn/debug.cc, libinterp/corefcn/debug.h,
libinterp/corefcn/defaults.cc, libinterp/corefcn/defaults.in.h,
libinterp/corefcn/defun-dld.h, libinterp/corefcn/defun-int.h,
libinterp/corefcn/defun.cc, libinterp/corefcn/defun.h,
libinterp/corefcn/det.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dirfns.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/dirfns.h, libinterp/corefcn/display.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/display.h, libinterp/corefcn/dlmread.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/dot.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dynamic-ld.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/dynamic-ld.h, libinterp/corefcn/eig.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/ellipj.cc, libinterp/corefcn/error.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/error.h, libinterp/corefcn/errwarn.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/errwarn.h, libinterp/corefcn/event-queue.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/event-queue.h, libinterp/corefcn/fft.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/fft2.cc, libinterp/corefcn/fftn.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/file-io.cc, libinterp/corefcn/file-io.h,
libinterp/corefcn/filter.cc, libinterp/corefcn/find.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/ft-text-renderer.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ft-text-renderer.h,
libinterp/corefcn/gammainc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gcd.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/getgrent.cc, libinterp/corefcn/getpwent.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/getrusage.cc, libinterp/corefcn/givens.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/gl-render.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gl-render.h,
libinterp/corefcn/gl2ps-print.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gl2ps-print.h,
libinterp/corefcn/graphics.cc, libinterp/corefcn/graphics.in.h,
libinterp/corefcn/gripes.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gripes.h,
libinterp/corefcn/gsvd.cc, libinterp/corefcn/hash.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/help.cc, libinterp/corefcn/help.h, libinterp/corefcn/hess.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/hex2num.cc, libinterp/corefcn/hook-fcn.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/hook-fcn.h, libinterp/corefcn/input.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/input.h, libinterp/corefcn/interpreter.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/interpreter.h, libinterp/corefcn/inv.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/jit-ir.cc, libinterp/corefcn/jit-ir.h,
libinterp/corefcn/jit-typeinfo.cc, libinterp/corefcn/jit-typeinfo.h,
libinterp/corefcn/jit-util.cc, libinterp/corefcn/jit-util.h,
libinterp/corefcn/kron.cc, libinterp/corefcn/load-path.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/load-path.h, libinterp/corefcn/load-save.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/load-save.h, libinterp/corefcn/lookup.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-ascii-helper.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-ascii-helper.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-hdf5.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-hdf5.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat-ascii.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat-ascii.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat4.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat4.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-mat5.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-binary.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-binary.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-text.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-text.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-utils.cc, libinterp/corefcn/ls-utils.h,
libinterp/corefcn/lsode.cc, libinterp/corefcn/lu.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/mappers.cc, libinterp/corefcn/matrix_type.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/max.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mex.cc, libinterp/corefcn/mex.h,
libinterp/corefcn/mexproto.h, libinterp/corefcn/mgorth.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/mxarray.in.h, libinterp/corefcn/nproc.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-errno.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-errno.in.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-fstrm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-fstrm.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-handle.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-hdf5-types.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-hdf5-types.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-hdf5.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-hist.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-hist.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-iostrm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-iostrm.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-lvalue.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-lvalue.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-map.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-map.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-obj.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-opengl.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-prcstrm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-prcstrm.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-procbuf.cc, libinterp/corefcn/oct-procbuf.h,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-stdstrm.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-stream.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-stream.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-strstrm.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-strstrm.h, libinterp/corefcn/oct-tex-lexer.in.ll,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-tex-parser.in.yy, libinterp/corefcn/oct.h,
libinterp/corefcn/octave-default-image.h, libinterp/corefcn/octave-link.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/octave-link.h,
libinterp/corefcn/octave-preserve-stream-state.h,
libinterp/corefcn/ordschur.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pager.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/pager.h, libinterp/corefcn/pinv.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/pr-output.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pr-output.h,
libinterp/corefcn/procstream.cc, libinterp/corefcn/procstream.h,
libinterp/corefcn/profiler.cc, libinterp/corefcn/profiler.h,
libinterp/corefcn/psi.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pt-jit.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/pt-jit.h, libinterp/corefcn/quad.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/quadcc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/qz.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/rand.cc, libinterp/corefcn/rcond.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/regexp.cc, libinterp/corefcn/schur.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sighandlers.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sighandlers.h,
libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xdiv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xdiv.h,
libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xpow.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sparse-xpow.h,
libinterp/corefcn/sparse.cc, libinterp/corefcn/spparms.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sqrtm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/str2double.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/strfind.cc, libinterp/corefcn/strfns.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sub2ind.cc, libinterp/corefcn/svd.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sylvester.cc, libinterp/corefcn/symtab.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/symtab.h, libinterp/corefcn/syscalls.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sysdep.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sysdep.h,
libinterp/corefcn/text-renderer.cc, libinterp/corefcn/text-renderer.h,
libinterp/corefcn/time.cc, libinterp/corefcn/toplev.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/toplev.h, libinterp/corefcn/tril.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/tsearch.cc, libinterp/corefcn/txt-eng.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/txt-eng.h, libinterp/corefcn/typecast.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/urlwrite.cc, libinterp/corefcn/utils.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/utils.h, libinterp/corefcn/variables.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/variables.h, libinterp/corefcn/workspace-element.h,
libinterp/corefcn/xdiv.cc, libinterp/corefcn/xdiv.h,
libinterp/corefcn/xnorm.cc, libinterp/corefcn/xnorm.h,
libinterp/corefcn/xpow.cc, libinterp/corefcn/xpow.h,
libinterp/corefcn/zfstream.cc, libinterp/corefcn/zfstream.h,
libinterp/deprecated-config.h, libinterp/dldfcn/__delaunayn__.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/__eigs__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__fltk_uigetfile__.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/__glpk__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__init_fltk__.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/__init_gnuplot__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/__osmesa_print__.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/__voronoi__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/amd.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/audiodevinfo.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/audioread.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/ccolamd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/chol.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/colamd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/convhulln.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/dmperm.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/fftw.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/gzip.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/oct-qhull.h, libinterp/dldfcn/qr.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/symbfact.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/symrcm.cc, libinterp/gendoc.pl,
libinterp/genprops.awk, libinterp/liboctinterp-build-info.h,
libinterp/liboctinterp-build-info.in.cc, libinterp/mk-errno-list,
libinterp/mk-pkg-add, libinterp/mkops, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-diag.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-int.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-int.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-scalar.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-scalar.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-sparse.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-base.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-sparse.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-bool.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cell.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-cell.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-ch-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-ch-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-class.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-class.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-classdef.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-classdef.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-colon.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-colon.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-complex.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-complex.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cs-list.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-cs-list.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-diag.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-sparse.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-cx-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-dld-fcn.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-dld-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-handle.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-handle.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-inline.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-inline.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-float.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-float.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-complex.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-complex.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-diag.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-diag.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-cx-mat.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-diag.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-diag.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-flt-re-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int-traits.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-int16.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int16.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-int32.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int32.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-int64.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int64.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-int8.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-int8.h,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-intx.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-java.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-java.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-lazy-idx.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-lazy-idx.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-mex-fcn.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-mex-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-null-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-null-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-oncleanup.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-oncleanup.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-perm.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-perm.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-range.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-range.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-diag.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-diag.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-sparse.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-re-sparse.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-scalar.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-scalar.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-str-mat.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-str-mat.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-struct.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-struct.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-typeinfo.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-typeinfo.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint16.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint16.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint32.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint32.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint64.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint64.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint8.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-uint8.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h, libinterp/octave-value/ov.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov.h, libinterp/octave-value/ovl.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ovl.h, libinterp/octave.cc, libinterp/octave.h,
libinterp/op-kw-docs, libinterp/operators/op-b-b.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-b-bm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-b-sbm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-bm-b.cc, libinterp/operators/op-bm-bm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-bm-sbm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cdm-cdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cdm-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cdm-cs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cdm-dm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cdm-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cdm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cell.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-chm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-class.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cm-cdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cm-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-dm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cm-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-pm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cm-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cs-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cs-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-cs-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-cs-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-cdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-dm-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-cs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-dm-dm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-dm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-dm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-dm-template.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-dms-template.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fcdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fcs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcdm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fcdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fcs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcm-pm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcn.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fcm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fcs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fcs-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fcdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fcs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fdm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fcdm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fcs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fm-fdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fm-fs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fm-pm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fs-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fcs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-fs-fm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-fs-fs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-i16-i16.cc, libinterp/operators/op-i32-i32.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-i64-i64.cc, libinterp/operators/op-i8-i8.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-int-concat.cc, libinterp/operators/op-int.h,
libinterp/operators/op-m-cdm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-m-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-dm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-m-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-pm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-m-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-m-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-m-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-pm-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-pm-fcm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-pm-fm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-pm-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-pm-pm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-pm-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-pm-sm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-pm-template.cc, libinterp/operators/op-range.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-s-cm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-cs.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-s-m.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-s.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-s-scm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-s-sm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-sbm-b.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sbm-bm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-sbm-sbm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-scm-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-scm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-scm-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-scm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-cm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-sm-cs.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-sm-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-sm-scm.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-sm-sm.cc, libinterp/operators/op-str-m.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-str-s.cc, libinterp/operators/op-str-str.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-struct.cc, libinterp/operators/op-ui16-ui16.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-ui32-ui32.cc, libinterp/operators/op-ui64-ui64.cc,
libinterp/operators/op-ui8-ui8.cc, libinterp/operators/ops.h,
libinterp/options-usage.h, libinterp/parse-tree/lex.h,
libinterp/parse-tree/lex.ll, libinterp/parse-tree/oct-parse.in.yy,
libinterp/parse-tree/octave.gperf, libinterp/parse-tree/parse.h,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-all.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-arg-list.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-arg-list.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-array-list.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-array-list.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-assign.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-assign.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-binop.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-binop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-bp.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-bp.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cbinop.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cbinop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cell.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cell.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-check.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-check.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-classdef.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-classdef.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cmd.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-cmd.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-colon.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-colon.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-const.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-const.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-decl.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-decl.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-eval.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-eval.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-except.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-except.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-exp.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-exp.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-fcn-handle.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-fcn-handle.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-funcall.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-funcall.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-id.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-id.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-idx.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-idx.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jump.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jump.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-mat.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-mat.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-misc.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-misc.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-pr-code.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-pr-code.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-select.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-select.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-stmt.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-stmt.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-unop.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-unop.h, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-walk.h,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt.h,
libinterp/parse-tree/token.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/token.h,
libinterp/template-inst/Array-jit.cc, libinterp/template-inst/Array-tc.cc,
libinterp/version.cc, libinterp/version.in.h, liboctave/array/Array-C.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-b.cc, liboctave/array/Array-ch.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-d.cc, liboctave/array/Array-f.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-fC.cc, liboctave/array/Array-i.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-idx-vec.cc, liboctave/array/Array-s.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-str.cc, liboctave/array/Array-util.cc,
liboctave/array/Array-util.h, liboctave/array/Array-voidp.cc,
liboctave/array/Array.cc, liboctave/array/Array.h,
liboctave/array/CColVector.cc, liboctave/array/CColVector.h,
liboctave/array/CDiagMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/CDiagMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/CMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/CMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/CNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/CNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/CRowVector.cc, liboctave/array/CRowVector.h,
liboctave/array/CSparse.cc, liboctave/array/CSparse.h,
liboctave/array/DiagArray2.cc, liboctave/array/DiagArray2.h,
liboctave/array/MArray-C.cc, liboctave/array/MArray-d.cc,
liboctave/array/MArray-f.cc, liboctave/array/MArray-fC.cc,
liboctave/array/MArray-i.cc, liboctave/array/MArray-s.cc,
liboctave/array/MArray.cc, liboctave/array/MArray.h,
liboctave/array/MDiagArray2.cc, liboctave/array/MDiagArray2.h,
liboctave/array/MSparse-C.cc, liboctave/array/MSparse-d.cc,
liboctave/array/MSparse.cc, liboctave/array/MSparse.h,
liboctave/array/Matrix.h, liboctave/array/MatrixType.cc,
liboctave/array/MatrixType.h, liboctave/array/PermMatrix.cc,
liboctave/array/PermMatrix.h, liboctave/array/Range.cc,
liboctave/array/Range.h, liboctave/array/Sparse-C.cc,
liboctave/array/Sparse-b.cc, liboctave/array/Sparse-d.cc,
liboctave/array/Sparse.cc, liboctave/array/Sparse.h,
liboctave/array/boolMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/boolMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/boolNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/boolNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/boolSparse.cc, liboctave/array/boolSparse.h,
liboctave/array/chMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/chMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/chNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/chNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/dColVector.cc, liboctave/array/dColVector.h,
liboctave/array/dDiagMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/dDiagMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/dMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/dMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/dNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/dNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/dRowVector.cc, liboctave/array/dRowVector.h,
liboctave/array/dSparse.cc, liboctave/array/dSparse.h,
liboctave/array/dim-vector.cc, liboctave/array/dim-vector.h,
liboctave/array/fCColVector.cc, liboctave/array/fCColVector.h,
liboctave/array/fCDiagMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/fCDiagMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/fCMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/fCMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/fCNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/fCNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/fCRowVector.cc, liboctave/array/fCRowVector.h,
liboctave/array/fColVector.cc, liboctave/array/fColVector.h,
liboctave/array/fDiagMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/fDiagMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/fMatrix.cc, liboctave/array/fMatrix.h,
liboctave/array/fNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/fNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/fRowVector.cc, liboctave/array/fRowVector.h,
liboctave/array/idx-vector.cc, liboctave/array/idx-vector.h,
liboctave/array/int16NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/int16NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/int32NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/int32NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/int64NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/int64NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/int8NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/int8NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/intNDArray.cc, liboctave/array/intNDArray.h,
liboctave/array/uint16NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/uint16NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/uint32NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/uint32NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/uint64NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/uint64NDArray.h,
liboctave/array/uint8NDArray.cc, liboctave/array/uint8NDArray.h,
liboctave/cruft/misc/blaswrap.c, liboctave/cruft/misc/cquit.c,
liboctave/cruft/misc/f77-extern.cc, liboctave/cruft/misc/f77-fcn.c,
liboctave/cruft/misc/f77-fcn.h, liboctave/cruft/misc/lo-error.c,
liboctave/cruft/misc/lo-error.h, liboctave/cruft/misc/quit.cc,
liboctave/cruft/misc/quit.h, liboctave/liboctave-build-info.h,
liboctave/liboctave-build-info.in.cc, liboctave/numeric/CollocWt.cc,
liboctave/numeric/CollocWt.h, liboctave/numeric/DAE.h,
liboctave/numeric/DAEFunc.h, liboctave/numeric/DAERT.h,
liboctave/numeric/DAERTFunc.h, liboctave/numeric/DASPK-opts.in,
liboctave/numeric/DASPK.cc, liboctave/numeric/DASPK.h,
liboctave/numeric/DASRT-opts.in, liboctave/numeric/DASRT.cc,
liboctave/numeric/DASRT.h, liboctave/numeric/DASSL-opts.in,
liboctave/numeric/DASSL.cc, liboctave/numeric/DASSL.h, liboctave/numeric/DET.h,
liboctave/numeric/EIG.cc, liboctave/numeric/EIG.h,
liboctave/numeric/LSODE-opts.in, liboctave/numeric/LSODE.cc,
liboctave/numeric/LSODE.h, liboctave/numeric/ODE.h,
liboctave/numeric/ODEFunc.h, liboctave/numeric/ODES.cc,
liboctave/numeric/ODES.h, liboctave/numeric/ODESFunc.h,
liboctave/numeric/Quad-opts.in, liboctave/numeric/Quad.cc,
liboctave/numeric/Quad.h, liboctave/numeric/aepbalance.cc,
liboctave/numeric/aepbalance.h, liboctave/numeric/base-dae.h,
liboctave/numeric/base-de.h, liboctave/numeric/base-min.h,
liboctave/numeric/bsxfun-decl.h, liboctave/numeric/bsxfun-defs.cc,
liboctave/numeric/bsxfun.h, liboctave/numeric/chol.cc,
liboctave/numeric/chol.h, liboctave/numeric/eigs-base.cc,
liboctave/numeric/eigs-base.h, liboctave/numeric/fEIG.cc,
liboctave/numeric/fEIG.h, liboctave/numeric/gepbalance.cc,
liboctave/numeric/gepbalance.h, liboctave/numeric/gsvd.cc,
liboctave/numeric/gsvd.h, liboctave/numeric/hess.cc, liboctave/numeric/hess.h,
liboctave/numeric/lo-amos-proto.h, liboctave/numeric/lo-arpack-proto.h,
liboctave/numeric/lo-blas-proto.h, liboctave/numeric/lo-fftpack-proto.h,
liboctave/numeric/lo-lapack-proto.h, liboctave/numeric/lo-mappers.cc,
liboctave/numeric/lo-mappers.h, liboctave/numeric/lo-qrupdate-proto.h,
liboctave/numeric/lo-ranlib-proto.h, liboctave/numeric/lo-slatec-proto.h,
liboctave/numeric/lo-specfun.cc, liboctave/numeric/lo-specfun.h,
liboctave/numeric/lu.cc, liboctave/numeric/lu.h,
liboctave/numeric/oct-convn.cc, liboctave/numeric/oct-convn.h,
liboctave/numeric/oct-fftw.cc, liboctave/numeric/oct-fftw.h,
liboctave/numeric/oct-norm.cc, liboctave/numeric/oct-norm.h,
liboctave/numeric/oct-rand.cc, liboctave/numeric/oct-rand.h,
liboctave/numeric/oct-spparms.cc, liboctave/numeric/oct-spparms.h,
liboctave/numeric/qr.cc, liboctave/numeric/qr.h, liboctave/numeric/qrp.cc,
liboctave/numeric/qrp.h, liboctave/numeric/randgamma.cc,
liboctave/numeric/randgamma.h, liboctave/numeric/randmtzig.cc,
liboctave/numeric/randmtzig.h, liboctave/numeric/randpoisson.cc,
liboctave/numeric/randpoisson.h, liboctave/numeric/schur.cc,
liboctave/numeric/schur.h, liboctave/numeric/sparse-chol.cc,
liboctave/numeric/sparse-chol.h, liboctave/numeric/sparse-dmsolve.cc,
liboctave/numeric/sparse-dmsolve.h, liboctave/numeric/sparse-lu.cc,
liboctave/numeric/sparse-lu.h, liboctave/numeric/sparse-qr.cc,
liboctave/numeric/sparse-qr.h, liboctave/numeric/svd.cc,
liboctave/numeric/svd.h, liboctave/operators/Sparse-diag-op-defs.h,
liboctave/operators/Sparse-op-decls.h, liboctave/operators/Sparse-op-defs.h,
liboctave/operators/Sparse-perm-op-defs.h, liboctave/operators/mk-ops.awk,
liboctave/operators/mx-base.h, liboctave/operators/mx-defs.h,
liboctave/operators/mx-ext.h, liboctave/operators/mx-inlines.cc,
liboctave/operators/mx-op-decl.h, liboctave/operators/mx-op-defs.h,
liboctave/operators/mx-ops, liboctave/operators/smx-ops,
liboctave/operators/vx-ops, liboctave/system/child-list.cc,
liboctave/system/child-list.h, liboctave/system/dir-ops.cc,
liboctave/system/dir-ops.h, liboctave/system/file-ops.cc,
liboctave/system/file-ops.h, liboctave/system/file-stat.cc,
liboctave/system/file-stat.h, liboctave/system/lo-sysdep.cc,
liboctave/system/lo-sysdep.h, liboctave/system/mach-info.cc,
liboctave/system/mach-info.h, liboctave/system/oct-env.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-env.h, liboctave/system/oct-group.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-group.h, liboctave/system/oct-passwd.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-passwd.h, liboctave/system/oct-syscalls.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-syscalls.h, liboctave/system/oct-time.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-time.h, liboctave/system/oct-uname.cc,
liboctave/system/oct-uname.h, liboctave/util/action-container.h,
liboctave/util/base-list.h, liboctave/util/byte-swap.h,
liboctave/util/caseless-str.h, liboctave/util/cmd-edit.cc,
liboctave/util/cmd-edit.h, liboctave/util/cmd-hist.cc,
liboctave/util/cmd-hist.h, liboctave/util/data-conv.cc,
liboctave/util/data-conv.h, liboctave/util/f2c-main.c,
liboctave/util/functor.h, liboctave/util/glob-match.cc,
liboctave/util/glob-match.h, liboctave/util/kpse.cc, liboctave/util/kpse.h,
liboctave/util/lo-array-errwarn.cc, liboctave/util/lo-array-errwarn.h,
liboctave/util/lo-array-gripes.cc, liboctave/util/lo-array-gripes.h,
liboctave/util/lo-cutils.c, liboctave/util/lo-cutils.h,
liboctave/util/lo-hash.cc, liboctave/util/lo-hash.h, liboctave/util/lo-ieee.cc,
liboctave/util/lo-ieee.h, liboctave/util/lo-macros.h, liboctave/util/lo-math.h,
liboctave/util/lo-regexp.cc, liboctave/util/lo-regexp.h,
liboctave/util/lo-traits.h, liboctave/util/lo-utils.cc,
liboctave/util/lo-utils.h, liboctave/util/oct-alloc.h,
liboctave/util/oct-base64.cc, liboctave/util/oct-base64.h,
liboctave/util/oct-binmap.h, liboctave/util/oct-cmplx.h,
liboctave/util/oct-glob.cc, liboctave/util/oct-glob.h,
liboctave/util/oct-inttypes-fwd.h, liboctave/util/oct-inttypes.cc,
liboctave/util/oct-inttypes.h, liboctave/util/oct-locbuf.cc,
liboctave/util/oct-locbuf.h, liboctave/util/oct-mutex.cc,
liboctave/util/oct-mutex.h, liboctave/util/oct-refcount.h,
liboctave/util/oct-rl-edit.c, liboctave/util/oct-rl-edit.h,
liboctave/util/oct-rl-hist.c, liboctave/util/oct-rl-hist.h,
liboctave/util/oct-shlib.cc, liboctave/util/oct-shlib.h,
liboctave/util/oct-sort.cc, liboctave/util/oct-sort.h,
liboctave/util/oct-sparse.h, liboctave/util/oct-string.cc,
liboctave/util/oct-string.h, liboctave/util/pathsearch.cc,
liboctave/util/pathsearch.h, liboctave/util/singleton-cleanup.cc,
liboctave/util/sparse-sort.cc, liboctave/util/sparse-sort.h,
liboctave/util/sparse-util.cc, liboctave/util/sparse-util.h,
liboctave/util/str-vec.cc, liboctave/util/str-vec.h,
liboctave/util/sun-utils.h, liboctave/util/unwind-prot.cc,
liboctave/util/unwind-prot.h, liboctave/util/url-transfer.cc,
liboctave/util/url-transfer.h, liboctave/wrappers/areadlink-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/areadlink-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/async-system-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/async-system-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/base64-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/base64-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/canonicalize-file-name-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/canonicalize-file-name-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/dirent-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/dirent-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/fcntl-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/fcntl-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/filepos-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/filepos-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/fpucw-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/fpucw-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/gen-tempname-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/gen-tempname-wrapper.h, liboctave/wrappers/getopt-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/getopt-wrapper.h, liboctave/wrappers/glob-wrappers.c,
liboctave/wrappers/glob-wrappers.h, liboctave/wrappers/hash-wrappers.c,
liboctave/wrappers/hash-wrappers.h, liboctave/wrappers/math-wrappers.c,
liboctave/wrappers/math-wrappers.h, liboctave/wrappers/mkostemp-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/mkostemp-wrapper.h, liboctave/wrappers/nanosleep-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/nanosleep-wrapper.h, liboctave/wrappers/nproc-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/nproc-wrapper.h, liboctave/wrappers/octave-popen2.c,
liboctave/wrappers/octave-popen2.h, liboctave/wrappers/putenv-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/putenv-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/set-program-name-wrapper.c,
liboctave/wrappers/set-program-name-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/signal-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/signal-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/stat-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/stat-wrappers.h,
liboctave/wrappers/strdup-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/strdup-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/strftime-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/strftime-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/strmode-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/strmode-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/strptime-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/strptime-wrapper.h,
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liboctave/wrappers/tmpfile-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/tmpfile-wrapper.h,
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liboctave/wrappers/unistd-wrappers.c, liboctave/wrappers/unistd-wrappers.h,
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liboctave/wrappers/vasprintf-wrapper.c, liboctave/wrappers/vasprintf-wrapper.h,
liboctave/wrappers/wait-for-input.c, liboctave/wrappers/wait-for-input.h,
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test/while.tst:
Use the same Copyright formatting throughout Octave.
author | Rik <rik@octave.org> |
---|---|
date | Sun, 13 Nov 2016 20:33:47 -0800 |
parents | e511f86fb230 |
children | 092078913d54 |
rev | line source |
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1 @c Copyright (C) 1996-2016 John W. Eaton |
7018 | 2 @c |
3 @c This file is part of Octave. | |
4 @c | |
5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
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6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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7 @c the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or |
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8 @c (at your option) any later version. |
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9 @c |
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10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but |
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11 @c WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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12 @c MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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13 @c GNU General Public License for more details. |
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14 @c |
7018 | 15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see | |
17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
3294 | 18 |
4167 | 19 @node Getting Started |
3294 | 20 @chapter Getting Started |
21 | |
22 This chapter explains some of Octave's basic features, including how to | |
23 start an Octave session, get help at the command prompt, edit the | |
24 command line, and write Octave programs that can be executed as commands | |
25 from your shell. | |
26 | |
27 @menu | |
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28 * Invoking Octave from the Command Line:: |
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29 * Quitting Octave:: |
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30 * Getting Help:: |
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31 * Command Line Editing:: |
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32 * Errors:: |
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33 * Executable Octave Programs:: |
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34 * Comments:: |
3294 | 35 @end menu |
36 | |
6620 | 37 @node Invoking Octave from the Command Line |
38 @section Invoking Octave from the Command Line | |
3294 | 39 |
40 Normally, Octave is used interactively by running the program | |
41 @samp{octave} without any arguments. Once started, Octave reads | |
42 commands from the terminal until you tell it to exit. | |
43 | |
44 You can also specify the name of a file on the command line, and Octave | |
45 will read and execute the commands from the named file and then exit | |
46 when it is finished. | |
47 | |
48 You can further control how Octave starts by using the command-line | |
49 options described in the next section, and Octave itself can remind you | |
50 of the options available. Type @samp{octave --help} to display all | |
51 available options and briefly describe their use (@samp{octave -h} is a | |
52 shorter equivalent). | |
53 | |
54 @menu | |
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55 * Command Line Options:: |
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56 * Startup Files:: |
3294 | 57 @end menu |
58 | |
4167 | 59 @node Command Line Options |
3294 | 60 @subsection Command Line Options |
61 @cindex Octave command options | |
62 @cindex command options | |
63 @cindex options, Octave command | |
64 | |
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65 Here is a complete list of the command line options that Octave |
3294 | 66 accepts. |
67 | |
6620 | 68 |
3294 | 69 @table @code |
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70 |
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71 @item --built-in-docstrings-file @var{filename} |
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72 @cindex @code{--built-in-docstrings-file @var{filename}} |
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73 Specify the name of the file containing documentation strings for the |
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74 built-in functions of Octave. This value is normally correct and should |
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75 only need to specified in extraordinary situations. |
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76 |
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77 @item --debug |
3294 | 78 @itemx -d |
79 @cindex @code{--debug} | |
80 @cindex @code{-d} | |
81 Enter parser debugging mode. Using this option will cause Octave's | |
82 parser to print a lot of information about the commands it reads, and is | |
83 probably only useful if you are actually trying to debug the parser. | |
84 | |
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85 @item --debug-jit |
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86 @cindex @code{--debug-jit} |
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87 Enable JIT compiler debugging and tracing. |
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88 |
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89 @item --doc-cache-file @var{filename} |
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90 @cindex @code{--doc-cache-file @var{filename}} |
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91 Specify the name of the doc cache file to use. The value of @var{filename} |
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92 specified on the command line will override any value of |
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93 @w{@env{OCTAVE_DOC_CACHE_FILE}} found in the environment, but not any commands |
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94 in the system or user startup files that use the @code{doc_cache_file} |
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95 function. |
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96 |
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97 @item --echo-commands |
3294 | 98 @itemx -x |
99 @cindex @code{--echo-commands} | |
100 @cindex @code{-x} | |
101 Echo commands as they are executed. | |
102 | |
5190 | 103 @item --eval @var{code} |
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104 Evaluate @var{code} and exit when finished unless @option{--persist} is also |
5190 | 105 specified. |
106 | |
3294 | 107 @item --exec-path @var{path} |
108 @cindex @code{--exec-path @var{path}} | |
109 Specify the path to search for programs to run. The value of @var{path} | |
110 specified on the command line will override any value of | |
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111 @w{@env{OCTAVE_EXEC_PATH}} found in the environment, but not any commands |
3294 | 112 in the system or user startup files that set the built-in variable |
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113 @w{@env{EXEC_PATH}}. |
3294 | 114 |
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115 @item --force-gui |
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116 @cindex @code{--force-gui} |
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117 Force the graphical user interface (GUI) to start. |
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118 |
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119 @item --help |
3294 | 120 @itemx -h |
121 @itemx -? | |
122 @cindex @code{--help} | |
123 @cindex @code{-h} | |
124 @cindex @code{-?} | |
125 Print short help message and exit. | |
126 | |
6620 | 127 @item --image-path @var{path} |
128 @cindex @code{--image-path @var{path}} | |
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129 Add path to the head of the search path for images. The value of |
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130 @var{path} specified on the command line will override any value of |
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131 @w{@env{OCTAVE_IMAGE_PATH}} found in the environment, but not any commands |
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132 in the system or user startup files that set the built-in variable |
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133 @w{@env{IMAGE_PATH}}. |
6620 | 134 |
3294 | 135 @item --info-file @var{filename} |
136 @cindex @code{--info-file @var{filename}} | |
137 Specify the name of the info file to use. The value of @var{filename} | |
138 specified on the command line will override any value of | |
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139 @w{@env{OCTAVE_INFO_FILE}} found in the environment, but not any commands |
6653 | 140 in the system or user startup files that use the @code{info_file} |
6477 | 141 function. |
3294 | 142 |
143 @item --info-program @var{program} | |
144 @cindex @code{--info-program @var{program}} | |
145 Specify the name of the info program to use. The value of @var{program} | |
146 specified on the command line will override any value of | |
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147 @w{@env{OCTAVE_INFO_PROGRAM}} found in the environment, but not any |
6477 | 148 commands in the system or user startup files that use the |
149 @code{info_program} function. | |
3294 | 150 |
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151 @item --interactive |
3294 | 152 @itemx -i |
153 @cindex @code{--interactive} | |
154 @cindex @code{-i} | |
155 Force interactive behavior. This can be useful for running Octave via a | |
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156 remote shell command or inside an Emacs shell buffer. |
3294 | 157 |
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158 @item --jit-compiler |
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159 @cindex @code{--jit-compiler} |
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160 Enable the JIT compiler used for accelerating loops. |
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161 |
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162 @item --line-editing |
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163 @cindex @code{--line-editing} |
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164 Force readline use for command-line editing. |
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165 |
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166 @item --no-gui |
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167 @cindex @code{--no-gui} |
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168 Disable the graphical user interface (GUI) and use the command line |
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169 interface (CLI) instead. |
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170 |
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171 @item --no-history |
3428 | 172 @itemx -H |
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173 @cindex @code{--no-history} |
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174 @cindex @code{-H} |
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175 Disable recording of command-line history. |
3428 | 176 |
3294 | 177 @item --no-init-file |
178 @cindex @code{--no-init-file} | |
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179 Don't read the initialization files @file{~/.octaverc} and @file{.octaverc}. |
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180 |
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181 @item --no-init-path |
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182 @cindex @code{--no-init-path} |
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183 Don't initialize the search path for function files to include default |
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184 locations. |
3294 | 185 |
186 @item --no-line-editing | |
187 @cindex @code{--no-line-editing} | |
188 Disable command-line editing. | |
189 | |
190 @item --no-site-file | |
191 @cindex @code{--no-site-file} | |
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192 Don't read the site-wide @file{octaverc} initialization files. |
3294 | 193 |
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194 @item --no-window-system |
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195 @itemx -W |
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196 @cindex @code{--no-window-system} |
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197 Disable use of a windowing system including graphics. This forces a |
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198 strictly terminal-only environment. |
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199 |
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200 @item --norc |
3294 | 201 @itemx -f |
202 @cindex @code{--norc} | |
203 @cindex @code{-f} | |
204 Don't read any of the system or user initialization files at startup. | |
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205 This is equivalent to using both of the options @option{--no-init-file} |
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206 and @option{--no-site-file}. |
3294 | 207 |
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208 @item --path @var{path} |
3294 | 209 @itemx -p @var{path} |
210 @cindex @code{--path @var{path}} | |
211 @cindex @code{-p @var{path}} | |
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212 Add path to the head of the search path for function files. The |
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213 value of @var{path} specified on the command line will override any value |
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214 of @w{@env{OCTAVE_PATH}} found in the environment, but not any commands in the |
6643 | 215 system or user startup files that set the internal load path through one |
216 of the path functions. | |
3294 | 217 |
5190 | 218 @item --persist |
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219 @cindex @code{--persist} |
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220 Go to interactive mode after @option{--eval} or reading from a file |
5190 | 221 named on the command line. |
222 | |
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223 @item --silent |
3294 | 224 @itemx --quiet |
225 @itemx -q | |
226 @cindex @code{--silent} | |
227 @cindex @code{--quiet} | |
228 @cindex @code{-q} | |
229 Don't print the usual greeting and version message at startup. | |
230 | |
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231 @item --texi-macros-file @var{filename} |
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232 @cindex @code{--texi-macros-file @var{filename}} |
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233 Specify the name of the file containing Texinfo macros for use by makeinfo. |
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234 |
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235 @item --traditional |
3294 | 236 @itemx --braindead |
237 @cindex @code{--traditional} | |
238 @cindex @code{--braindead} | |
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239 For compatibility with @sc{matlab}, set initial values for |
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240 user preferences to the following values |
3294 | 241 |
242 @example | |
4455 | 243 @group |
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244 PS1 = ">> " |
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245 PS2 = "" |
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246 beep_on_error = true |
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247 confirm_recursive_rmdir = false |
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248 crash_dumps_octave_core = false |
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249 disable_diagonal_matrix = true |
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250 disable_permutation_matrix = true |
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251 disable_range = true |
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252 fixed_point_format = true |
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253 history_timestamp_format_string = "%%-- %D %I:%M %p --%%" |
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254 page_screen_output = false |
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255 print_empty_dimensions = false |
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256 save_default_options = "-mat-binary" |
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257 struct_levels_to_print = 0 |
6556 | 258 @end group |
259 @end example | |
260 | |
261 @noindent | |
262 and disable the following warnings | |
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263 |
6556 | 264 @example |
265 @group | |
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266 Octave:abbreviated-property-match |
7031 | 267 Octave:fopen-file-in-path |
268 Octave:function-name-clash | |
269 Octave:load-file-in-path | |
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270 Octave:possible-matlab-short-circuit-operator |
4455 | 271 @end group |
3294 | 272 @end example |
273 | |
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274 @noindent |
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275 Note that this does not enable the @code{Octave:language-extension} |
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276 warning, which you might want if you want to be told about writing code |
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277 that works in Octave but not @sc{matlab} (@pxref{XREFwarning,,warning}, |
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278 @ref{XREFwarning_ids,,warning_ids}). |
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279 |
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280 @item --verbose |
3294 | 281 @itemx -V |
282 @cindex @code{--verbose} | |
283 @cindex @code{-V} | |
284 Turn on verbose output. | |
285 | |
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286 @item --version |
3294 | 287 @itemx -v |
288 @cindex @code{--version} | |
289 @cindex @code{-v} | |
290 Print the program version number and exit. | |
291 | |
292 @item @var{file} | |
5190 | 293 Execute commands from @var{file}. Exit when done unless |
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294 @option{--persist} is also specified. |
3294 | 295 @end table |
296 | |
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297 Octave also includes several functions which return information |
3294 | 298 about the command line, including the number of arguments and all of the |
299 options. | |
300 | |
3332 | 301 @DOCSTRING(argv) |
3294 | 302 |
6550 | 303 @DOCSTRING(program_name) |
304 | |
3332 | 305 @DOCSTRING(program_invocation_name) |
3294 | 306 |
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307 Here is an example of using these functions to reproduce the command |
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308 line which invoked Octave. |
3294 | 309 |
310 @example | |
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311 @group |
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312 printf ("%s", program_name ()); |
6620 | 313 arg_list = argv (); |
3294 | 314 for i = 1:nargin |
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315 printf (" %s", arg_list@{i@}); |
3294 | 316 endfor |
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317 printf ("\n"); |
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318 @end group |
3294 | 319 @end example |
320 | |
321 @noindent | |
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322 @xref{Indexing Cell Arrays}, for an explanation of how to retrieve objects |
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323 from cell arrays, and @ref{Defining Functions}, for information about the |
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324 variable @code{nargin}. |
3294 | 325 |
4167 | 326 @node Startup Files |
3294 | 327 @subsection Startup Files |
328 @cindex initialization | |
329 @cindex startup | |
330 | |
6620 | 331 When Octave starts, it looks for commands to execute from the files in |
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332 the following list. These files may contain any valid Octave commands, |
6620 | 333 including function definitions. |
3294 | 334 |
335 @cindex startup files | |
336 | |
337 @table @code | |
338 @item @var{octave-home}/share/octave/site/m/startup/octaverc | |
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339 @cindex site startup file |
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340 where @var{octave-home} is the directory in which Octave is installed |
9906 | 341 (the default is @file{/usr/local}). |
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342 This file is provided so that changes to the default Octave environment |
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343 can be made globally for all users at your site for all versions of Octave |
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344 you have installed. Care should be taken when making changes to this file |
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345 since all users of Octave at your site will be affected. The default file |
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346 may be overridden by the environment variable @w{@env{OCTAVE_SITE_INITFILE}}. |
3294 | 347 |
348 @item @var{octave-home}/share/octave/@var{version}/m/startup/octaverc | |
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349 @cindex version startup file |
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350 where @var{octave-home} is the directory in which Octave is |
9906 | 351 installed (the default is @file{/usr/local}), and @var{version} |
3294 | 352 is the version number of Octave. This file is provided so that changes |
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353 to the default Octave environment can be made globally for all users of |
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354 a particular version of Octave. Care should be taken when making |
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355 changes to this file since all users of Octave at your site will be |
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356 affected. The default file may be overridden by the environment variable |
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357 @w{@env{OCTAVE_VERSION_INITFILE}}. |
3294 | 358 |
359 @item ~/.octaverc | |
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360 @cindex personal startup file |
3294 | 361 @cindex @code{~/.octaverc} |
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362 This file is used to make personal changes to the default |
3294 | 363 Octave environment. |
364 | |
365 @item .octaverc | |
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366 @cindex project startup file |
3294 | 367 @cindex @code{.octaverc} |
368 This file can be used to make changes to the default Octave environment | |
369 for a particular project. Octave searches for this file in the current | |
370 directory after it reads @file{~/.octaverc}. Any use of the @code{cd} | |
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371 command in the @file{~/.octaverc} file will affect the directory where |
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372 Octave searches for @file{.octaverc}. |
3294 | 373 |
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374 If you start Octave in your home directory, commands from the file |
3294 | 375 @file{~/.octaverc} will only be executed once. |
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376 |
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377 @item startup.m |
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378 This file is used to make personal changes to the default |
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379 Octave environment. It is executed for @sc{matlab} compatibility, but |
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380 @file{~/.octaverc} is the preferred location for configuration changes. |
3294 | 381 @end table |
382 | |
383 A message will be displayed as each of the startup files is read if you | |
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384 invoke Octave with the @option{--verbose} option but without the |
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385 @option{--silent} option. |
3294 | 386 |
4167 | 387 @node Quitting Octave |
3294 | 388 @section Quitting Octave |
389 @cindex exiting octave | |
390 @cindex quitting octave | |
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391 @cindex finish.m |
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392 @cindex site exiting file |
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393 |
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394 Shutdown is initiated with the @code{exit} or @code{quit} commands (they are |
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395 equivalent). Similar to startup, Octave has a shutdown process that can be |
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396 customized by user script files. During shutdown Octave will search for the |
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397 script file @file{finish.m} in the function load path. Commands to save all |
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398 workspace variables or cleanup temporary files may be placed there. Additional |
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399 functions to execute on shutdown may be registered with @code{atexit}. |
3294 | 400 |
3332 | 401 @DOCSTRING(quit) |
3294 | 402 |
3332 | 403 @DOCSTRING(atexit) |
3294 | 404 |
4167 | 405 @node Getting Help |
3294 | 406 @section Commands for Getting Help |
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407 @cindex online help |
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408 @cindex help, online |
3294 | 409 |
410 The entire text of this manual is available from the Octave prompt | |
6620 | 411 via the command @kbd{doc}. In addition, the documentation for |
3294 | 412 individual user-written functions and variables is also available via |
413 the @kbd{help} command. This section describes the commands used for | |
414 reading the manual and the documentation strings for user-supplied | |
415 functions and variables. @xref{Function Files}, for more information | |
416 about how to document the functions you write. | |
417 | |
3332 | 418 @DOCSTRING(help) |
3294 | 419 |
6549 | 420 @DOCSTRING(doc) |
421 | |
422 @DOCSTRING(lookfor) | |
423 | |
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424 To see what is new in the current release of Octave, use the @code{news} |
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425 function. |
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426 |
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427 @DOCSTRING(news) |
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428 |
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429 @DOCSTRING(info) |
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430 |
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431 @DOCSTRING(warranty) |
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432 |
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433 The following functions can be used to change which programs are used |
6620 | 434 for displaying the documentation, and where the documentation can be |
435 found. | |
3294 | 436 |
6477 | 437 @DOCSTRING(info_file) |
3294 | 438 |
6477 | 439 @DOCSTRING(info_program) |
3294 | 440 |
6477 | 441 @DOCSTRING(makeinfo_program) |
3686 | 442 |
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443 @DOCSTRING(texi_macros_file) |
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444 |
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445 @DOCSTRING(doc_cache_file) |
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446 |
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447 @DOCSTRING(built_in_docstrings_file) |
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448 |
3332 | 449 @DOCSTRING(suppress_verbose_help_message) |
3294 | 450 |
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451 The following functions are principally used internally by Octave for |
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452 generating the documentation. They are documented here for completeness |
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453 and because they may occasionally be useful for users. |
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454 |
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455 @DOCSTRING(doc_cache_create) |
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456 |
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457 @DOCSTRING(get_help_text) |
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458 |
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459 @DOCSTRING(get_help_text_from_file) |
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460 |
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461 @DOCSTRING(get_first_help_sentence) |
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462 |
4167 | 463 @node Command Line Editing |
3294 | 464 @section Command Line Editing |
465 @cindex command-line editing | |
466 @cindex editing the command line | |
467 | |
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468 Octave uses the GNU Readline library to provide an extensive set of |
3294 | 469 command-line editing and history features. Only the most common |
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470 features are described in this manual. In addition, all of the editing |
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471 functions can be bound to different key strokes at the user's discretion. |
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472 This manual assumes no changes from the default Emacs bindings. See the GNU |
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473 Readline Library manual for more information on customizing Readline and |
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474 for a complete feature list. |
3294 | 475 |
476 To insert printing characters (letters, digits, symbols, etc.), simply | |
477 type the character. Octave will insert the character at the cursor and | |
478 advance the cursor forward. | |
479 | |
480 Many of the command-line editing functions operate using control | |
481 characters. For example, the character @kbd{Control-a} moves the cursor | |
482 to the beginning of the line. To type @kbd{C-a}, hold down @key{CTRL} | |
483 and then press @key{a}. In the following sections, control characters | |
484 such as @kbd{Control-a} are written as @kbd{C-a}. | |
485 | |
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486 Another set of command-line editing functions use Meta characters. To |
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487 type @kbd{M-u}, hold down the @key{META} key and press @key{u}. Depending |
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488 on the keyboard, the @key{META} key may be labeled @key{ALT} or |
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489 even @key{WINDOWS}. If your terminal does not have a @key{META} key, you |
7001 | 490 can still type Meta characters using two-character sequences starting |
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491 with @kbd{ESC}. Thus, to enter @kbd{M-u}, you would type |
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492 @key{ESC} @key{u}. The @kbd{ESC} character sequences are also allowed on |
3294 | 493 terminals with real Meta keys. In the following sections, Meta |
494 characters such as @kbd{Meta-u} are written as @kbd{M-u}. | |
495 | |
3428 | 496 |
3294 | 497 @menu |
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498 * Cursor Motion:: |
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499 * Killing and Yanking:: |
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500 * Commands for Text:: |
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501 * Commands for Completion:: |
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502 * Commands for History:: |
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503 * Customizing readline:: |
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504 * Customizing the Prompt:: |
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505 * Diary and Echo Commands:: |
3294 | 506 @end menu |
507 | |
4167 | 508 @node Cursor Motion |
3294 | 509 @subsection Cursor Motion |
510 | |
511 The following commands allow you to position the cursor. | |
512 | |
513 @table @kbd | |
514 @item C-b | |
515 Move back one character. | |
516 | |
517 @item C-f | |
518 Move forward one character. | |
519 | |
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520 @item @key{BACKSPACE} |
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521 Delete the character to the left of the cursor. |
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522 |
3294 | 523 @item @key{DEL} |
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524 Delete the character underneath the cursor. |
3294 | 525 |
526 @item C-d | |
527 Delete the character underneath the cursor. | |
528 | |
529 @item M-f | |
530 Move forward a word. | |
531 | |
532 @item M-b | |
533 Move backward a word. | |
534 | |
535 @item C-a | |
536 Move to the start of the line. | |
537 | |
538 @item C-e | |
539 Move to the end of the line. | |
540 | |
541 @item C-l | |
542 Clear the screen, reprinting the current line at the top. | |
543 | |
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544 @item C-_ |
3294 | 545 @itemx C-/ |
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546 Undo the last action. You can undo all the way back to an empty line. |
3294 | 547 |
548 @item M-r | |
549 Undo all changes made to this line. This is like typing the `undo' | |
550 command enough times to get back to the beginning. | |
551 @end table | |
552 | |
553 The above table describes the most basic possible keystrokes that you need | |
554 in order to do editing of the input line. On most terminals, you can | |
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555 also use the left and right arrow keys in place of @kbd{C-f} and @kbd{C-b} |
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556 to move forward and backward. |
3294 | 557 |
558 Notice how @kbd{C-f} moves forward a character, while @kbd{M-f} moves | |
559 forward a word. It is a loose convention that control keystrokes | |
560 operate on characters while meta keystrokes operate on words. | |
561 | |
562 @cindex clearing the screen | |
563 | |
6620 | 564 The function @code{clc} will allow you to clear the screen from within |
565 Octave programs. | |
566 | |
3332 | 567 @DOCSTRING(clc) |
3294 | 568 |
4167 | 569 @node Killing and Yanking |
3294 | 570 @subsection Killing and Yanking |
571 | |
572 @dfn{Killing} text means to delete the text from the line, but to save | |
573 it away for later use, usually by @dfn{yanking} it back into the line. | |
574 If the description for a command says that it `kills' text, then you can | |
575 be sure that you can get the text back in a different (or the same) | |
576 place later. | |
577 | |
578 Here is the list of commands for killing text. | |
579 | |
580 @table @kbd | |
581 @item C-k | |
582 Kill the text from the current cursor position to the end of the line. | |
583 | |
584 @item M-d | |
585 Kill from the cursor to the end of the current word, or if between | |
586 words, to the end of the next word. | |
587 | |
588 @item M-@key{DEL} | |
589 Kill from the cursor to the start of the previous word, or if between | |
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590 words, to the start of the previous word. |
3294 | 591 |
592 @item C-w | |
593 Kill from the cursor to the previous whitespace. This is different than | |
594 @kbd{M-@key{DEL}} because the word boundaries differ. | |
595 @end table | |
596 | |
597 And, here is how to @dfn{yank} the text back into the line. Yanking | |
598 means to copy the most-recently-killed text from the kill buffer. | |
599 | |
600 @table @kbd | |
601 @item C-y | |
602 Yank the most recently killed text back into the buffer at the cursor. | |
603 | |
604 @item M-y | |
605 Rotate the kill-ring, and yank the new top. You can only do this if | |
606 the prior command is @kbd{C-y} or @kbd{M-y}. | |
607 @end table | |
608 | |
609 When you use a kill command, the text is saved in a @dfn{kill-ring}. | |
610 Any number of consecutive kills save all of the killed text together, so | |
611 that when you yank it back, you get it in one clean sweep. The kill | |
612 ring is not line specific; the text that you killed on a previously | |
613 typed line is available to be yanked back later, when you are typing | |
614 another line. | |
615 | |
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616 @node Commands for Text |
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617 @subsection Commands for Changing Text |
3294 | 618 |
619 The following commands can be used for entering characters that would | |
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620 otherwise have a special meaning (e.g., @key{TAB}, @kbd{C-q}, etc.), or |
3294 | 621 for quickly correcting typing mistakes. |
622 | |
623 @table @kbd | |
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624 @item C-q |
3294 | 625 @itemx C-v |
626 Add the next character that you type to the line verbatim. This is | |
627 how to insert things like @kbd{C-q} for example. | |
628 | |
629 @item M-@key{TAB} | |
630 Insert a tab character. | |
631 | |
632 @item C-t | |
633 Drag the character before the cursor forward over the character at the | |
634 cursor, also moving the cursor forward. If the cursor is at the end of | |
635 the line, then transpose the two characters before it. | |
636 | |
637 @item M-t | |
638 Drag the word behind the cursor past the word in front of the cursor | |
639 moving the cursor over that word as well. | |
640 | |
641 @item M-u | |
642 Uppercase the characters following the cursor to the end of the current | |
643 (or following) word, moving the cursor to the end of the word. | |
644 | |
645 @item M-l | |
6620 | 646 Lowercase the characters following the cursor to the end of the current |
3294 | 647 (or following) word, moving the cursor to the end of the word. |
648 | |
649 @item M-c | |
650 Uppercase the character following the cursor (or the beginning of the | |
651 next word if the cursor is between words), moving the cursor to the end | |
652 of the word. | |
653 @end table | |
654 | |
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655 @node Commands for Completion |
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656 @subsection Letting Readline Type for You |
3294 | 657 @cindex command completion |
658 | |
659 The following commands allow Octave to complete command and variable | |
660 names for you. | |
661 | |
662 @table @kbd | |
663 @item @key{TAB} | |
664 Attempt to do completion on the text before the cursor. Octave can | |
665 complete the names of commands and variables. | |
666 | |
667 @item M-? | |
668 List the possible completions of the text before the cursor. | |
669 @end table | |
670 | |
3332 | 671 @DOCSTRING(completion_append_char) |
3294 | 672 |
3332 | 673 @DOCSTRING(completion_matches) |
3294 | 674 |
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675 @node Commands for History |
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676 @subsection Commands for Manipulating the History |
3294 | 677 @cindex command history |
678 @cindex input history | |
679 @cindex history of commands | |
680 | |
681 Octave normally keeps track of the commands you type so that you can | |
682 recall previous commands to edit or execute them again. When you exit | |
683 Octave, the most recent commands you have typed, up to the number | |
684 specified by the variable @code{history_size}, are saved in a file. | |
685 When Octave starts, it loads an initial list of commands from the file | |
686 named by the variable @code{history_file}. | |
687 | |
688 Here are the commands for simple browsing and searching the history | |
689 list. | |
690 | |
691 @table @kbd | |
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692 @item @key{LFD} |
3294 | 693 @itemx @key{RET} |
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694 Accept the current line regardless of where the cursor is. If the line is |
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695 non-empty, add it to the history list. If the line was a history |
3294 | 696 line, then restore the history line to its original state. |
697 | |
698 @item C-p | |
699 Move `up' through the history list. | |
700 | |
701 @item C-n | |
702 Move `down' through the history list. | |
703 | |
704 @item M-< | |
705 Move to the first line in the history. | |
706 | |
707 @item M-> | |
708 Move to the end of the input history, i.e., the line you are entering! | |
709 | |
710 @item C-r | |
711 Search backward starting at the current line and moving `up' through | |
712 the history as necessary. This is an incremental search. | |
713 | |
714 @item C-s | |
715 Search forward starting at the current line and moving `down' through | |
716 the history as necessary. | |
717 @end table | |
718 | |
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719 On most terminals, you can also use the up and down arrow keys in place |
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720 of @kbd{C-p} and @kbd{C-n} to move through the history list. |
3294 | 721 |
722 In addition to the keyboard commands for moving through the history | |
723 list, Octave provides three functions for viewing, editing, and | |
724 re-running chunks of commands from the history list. | |
725 | |
3332 | 726 @DOCSTRING(history) |
3294 | 727 |
3332 | 728 @DOCSTRING(edit_history) |
3294 | 729 |
3332 | 730 @DOCSTRING(run_history) |
3294 | 731 |
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732 @noindent |
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733 Octave also allows you customize the details of when, where, and how history |
6620 | 734 is saved. |
3294 | 735 |
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736 @DOCSTRING(history_save) |
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737 |
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738 @DOCSTRING(history_control) |
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739 |
3332 | 740 @DOCSTRING(history_file) |
3294 | 741 |
3332 | 742 @DOCSTRING(history_size) |
3294 | 743 |
6550 | 744 @DOCSTRING(history_timestamp_format_string) |
745 | |
6620 | 746 @DOCSTRING(EDITOR) |
747 | |
4167 | 748 @node Customizing readline |
3428 | 749 @subsection Customizing @code{readline} |
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750 @cindex @code{~/.inputrc} |
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751 @cindex customizing @code{readline} |
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752 @cindex @code{readline} customization |
3428 | 753 |
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754 Octave uses the GNU Readline library for command-line editing and |
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755 history features. Readline is very flexible and can be modified through |
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756 a configuration file of commands (See the GNU Readline library for the |
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757 exact command syntax). The default configuration file is normally |
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758 @file{~/.inputrc}. |
6620 | 759 |
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760 Octave provides two commands for initializing Readline and thereby changing |
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761 the command line behavior. |
3428 | 762 |
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763 @DOCSTRING(readline_read_init_file) |
3428 | 764 |
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765 @DOCSTRING(readline_re_read_init_file) |
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766 |
4167 | 767 @node Customizing the Prompt |
3294 | 768 @subsection Customizing the Prompt |
769 @cindex prompt customization | |
770 @cindex customizing the prompt | |
771 | |
772 The following variables are available for customizing the appearance of | |
773 the command-line prompts. Octave allows the prompt to be customized by | |
774 inserting a number of backslash-escaped special characters that are | |
775 decoded as follows: | |
776 | |
777 @table @samp | |
778 @item \t | |
779 The time. | |
780 | |
781 @item \d | |
782 The date. | |
783 | |
784 @item \n | |
785 Begins a new line by printing the equivalent of a carriage return | |
786 followed by a line feed. | |
787 | |
788 @item \s | |
789 The name of the program (usually just @samp{octave}). | |
790 | |
791 @item \w | |
792 The current working directory. | |
793 | |
794 @item \W | |
795 The basename of the current working directory. | |
796 | |
797 @item \u | |
798 The username of the current user. | |
799 | |
800 @item \h | |
801 The hostname, up to the first `.'. | |
802 | |
803 @item \H | |
804 The hostname. | |
805 | |
806 @item \# | |
807 The command number of this command, counting from when Octave starts. | |
808 | |
809 @item \! | |
810 The history number of this command. This differs from @samp{\#} by the | |
811 number of commands in the history list when Octave starts. | |
812 | |
813 @item \$ | |
814 If the effective UID is 0, a @samp{#}, otherwise a @samp{$}. | |
815 | |
816 @item \nnn | |
817 The character whose character code in octal is @var{nnn}. | |
818 | |
819 @item \\ | |
820 A backslash. | |
821 @end table | |
822 | |
3332 | 823 @DOCSTRING(PS1) |
3294 | 824 |
3332 | 825 @DOCSTRING(PS2) |
3294 | 826 |
3332 | 827 @DOCSTRING(PS4) |
3294 | 828 |
4167 | 829 @node Diary and Echo Commands |
3294 | 830 @subsection Diary and Echo Commands |
831 @cindex diary of commands and output | |
6939 | 832 @cindex command and output logs |
3294 | 833 @cindex logging commands and output |
834 @cindex echoing executing commands | |
835 @cindex command echoing | |
836 | |
837 Octave's diary feature allows you to keep a log of all or part of an | |
838 interactive session by recording the input you type and the output that | |
839 Octave produces in a separate file. | |
840 | |
3332 | 841 @DOCSTRING(diary) |
3294 | 842 |
843 Sometimes it is useful to see the commands in a function or script as | |
844 they are being evaluated. This can be especially helpful for debugging | |
845 some kinds of problems. | |
846 | |
3332 | 847 @DOCSTRING(echo) |
3294 | 848 |
3332 | 849 @DOCSTRING(echo_executing_commands) |
3294 | 850 |
4167 | 851 @node Errors |
3294 | 852 @section How Octave Reports Errors |
853 @cindex error messages | |
854 @cindex messages, error | |
855 | |
856 Octave reports two kinds of errors for invalid programs. | |
857 | |
858 A @dfn{parse error} occurs if Octave cannot understand something you | |
859 have typed. For example, if you misspell a keyword, | |
860 | |
861 @example | |
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862 octave:13> function y = f (x) y = x***2; endfunction |
3294 | 863 @end example |
864 | |
865 @noindent | |
866 Octave will respond immediately with a message like this: | |
867 | |
868 @example | |
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869 @group |
3294 | 870 parse error: |
871 | |
8015
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872 syntax error |
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873 |
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874 >>> function y = f (x) y = x***2; endfunction |
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875 ^ |
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876 @end group |
3294 | 877 @end example |
878 | |
879 @noindent | |
880 For most parse errors, Octave uses a caret (@samp{^}) to mark the point | |
881 on the line where it was unable to make sense of your input. In this | |
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882 case, Octave generated an error message because the keyword for |
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883 exponentiation (@code{**}) was misspelled. It marked the error at the |
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884 third @samp{*} because the code leading up to this was correct but the final |
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885 @samp{*} was not understood. |
3294 | 886 |
887 Another class of error message occurs at evaluation time. These | |
888 errors are called @dfn{run-time errors}, or sometimes | |
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889 @dfn{evaluation errors}, because they occur when your program is being |
3294 | 890 @dfn{run}, or @dfn{evaluated}. For example, if after correcting the |
891 mistake in the previous function definition, you type | |
892 | |
893 @example | |
894 octave:13> f () | |
895 @end example | |
896 | |
897 @noindent | |
898 Octave will respond with | |
899 | |
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900 @example |
3294 | 901 @group |
902 error: `x' undefined near line 1 column 24 | |
8015
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903 error: called from: |
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904 error: f at line 1, column 22 |
3294 | 905 @end group |
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906 @end example |
3294 | 907 |
6620 | 908 @noindent |
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909 This error message has several parts, and gives quite a bit of |
3294 | 910 information to help you locate the source of the error. The messages |
911 are generated from the point of the innermost error, and provide a | |
912 traceback of enclosing expressions and function calls. | |
913 | |
914 In the example above, the first line indicates that a variable named | |
915 @samp{x} was found to be undefined near line 1 and column 24 of some | |
916 function or expression. For errors occurring within functions, lines | |
917 are counted from the beginning of the file containing the function | |
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918 definition. For errors occurring outside of an enclosing function, |
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919 the line number indicates the input line number, which is usually displayed |
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920 in the primary prompt string. |
3294 | 921 |
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922 The second and third lines of the error message indicate that the error |
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923 occurred within the function @code{f}. If the function @code{f} had been |
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924 called from within another function, for example, @code{g}, the list of |
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925 errors would have ended with one more line: |
3294 | 926 |
927 @example | |
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928 error: g at line 1, column 17 |
3294 | 929 @end example |
930 | |
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931 These lists of function calls make it fairly easy to trace the |
3294 | 932 path your program took before the error occurred, and to correct the |
933 error before trying again. | |
934 | |
4167 | 935 @node Executable Octave Programs |
3294 | 936 @section Executable Octave Programs |
937 @cindex executable scripts | |
938 @cindex scripts | |
9135
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939 @cindex batch processing |
3294 | 940 @cindex self contained programs |
941 @cindex program, self contained | |
942 @cindex @samp{#!} | |
943 | |
944 Once you have learned Octave, you may want to write self-contained | |
945 Octave scripts, using the @samp{#!} script mechanism. You can do this | |
946 on GNU systems and on many Unix systems @footnote{The @samp{#!} | |
947 mechanism works on Unix systems derived from Berkeley Unix, System V | |
6481 | 948 Release 4, and some System V Release 3 systems.}. |
949 | |
950 Self-contained Octave scripts are useful when you want to write a | |
951 program which users can invoke without knowing that the program is | |
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952 written in the Octave language. Octave scripts are also used for batch |
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953 processing of data files. Once an algorithm has been developed and tested |
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954 in the interactive portion of Octave, it can be committed to an executable |
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955 script and used again and again on new data files. |
3294 | 956 |
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957 As a trivial example of an executable Octave script, you might create a |
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958 text file named @file{hello}, containing the following lines: |
3294 | 959 |
960 @example | |
961 @group | |
962 #! @var{octave-interpreter-name} -qf | |
963 # a sample Octave program | |
964 printf ("Hello, world!\n"); | |
965 @end group | |
966 @end example | |
967 | |
968 @noindent | |
969 (where @var{octave-interpreter-name} should be replaced with the full | |
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970 path and name of your Octave binary). Note that this will only work if |
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971 @samp{#!} appears at the very beginning of the file. After making the |
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972 file executable (with the @code{chmod} command on Unix systems), you can |
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973 simply type: |
3294 | 974 |
975 @example | |
976 hello | |
977 @end example | |
978 | |
979 @noindent | |
980 at the shell, and the system will arrange to run Octave as if you had | |
981 typed: | |
982 | |
983 @example | |
984 octave hello | |
985 @end example | |
986 | |
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987 The line beginning with @samp{#!} lists the full path and filename of an |
3294 | 988 interpreter to be run, and an optional initial command line argument to |
989 pass to that interpreter. The operating system then runs the | |
990 interpreter with the given argument and the full argument list of the | |
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991 executed program. The first argument in the list is the full filename |
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992 of the Octave executable. The rest of the argument list will either be |
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993 options to Octave, or data files, or both. The @samp{-qf} options are |
3294 | 994 usually specified in stand-alone Octave programs to prevent them from |
995 printing the normal startup message, and to keep them from behaving | |
996 differently depending on the contents of a particular user's | |
6620 | 997 @file{~/.octaverc} file. @xref{Invoking Octave from the Command Line}. |
6481 | 998 |
999 Note that some operating systems may place a limit on the number of | |
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1000 characters that are recognized after @samp{#!}. Also, the arguments |
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1001 appearing in a @samp{#!} line are parsed differently by various |
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1002 shells/systems. The majority of them group all the arguments together in one |
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1003 string and pass it to the interpreter as a single argument. In this case, the |
6481 | 1004 following script: |
1005 | |
1006 @example | |
1007 @group | |
1008 #! @var{octave-interpreter-name} -q -f # comment | |
1009 @end group | |
1010 @end example | |
1011 | |
1012 @noindent | |
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1013 is equivalent to typing at the command line: |
3294 | 1014 |
6481 | 1015 @example |
1016 @group | |
1017 octave "-q -f # comment" | |
1018 @end group | |
1019 @end example | |
3294 | 1020 |
6481 | 1021 @noindent |
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1022 which will produce an error message. Unfortunately, it is |
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1023 not possible for Octave to determine whether it has been called from the |
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1024 command line or from a @samp{#!} script, so some care is needed when using the |
6481 | 1025 @samp{#!} mechanism. |
1026 | |
1027 Note that when Octave is started from an executable script, the built-in | |
1028 function @code{argv} returns a cell array containing the command line | |
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1029 arguments passed to the executable Octave script, not the arguments |
6481 | 1030 passed to the Octave interpreter on the @samp{#!} line of the script. |
1031 For example, the following program will reproduce the command line that | |
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1032 was used to execute the script, not @samp{-qf}. |
3294 | 1033 |
1034 @example | |
1035 @group | |
1036 #! /bin/octave -qf | |
6479 | 1037 printf ("%s", program_name ()); |
6620 | 1038 arg_list = argv (); |
3294 | 1039 for i = 1:nargin |
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1040 printf (" %s", arg_list@{i@}); |
3294 | 1041 endfor |
1042 printf ("\n"); | |
1043 @end group | |
1044 @end example | |
1045 | |
4167 | 1046 @node Comments |
3294 | 1047 @section Comments in Octave Programs |
1048 @cindex comments | |
1049 @cindex use of comments | |
1050 @cindex documenting Octave programs | |
1051 | |
1052 A @dfn{comment} is some text that is included in a program for the sake | |
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1053 of human readers, and which is NOT an executable part of the program. |
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1054 Comments can explain what the program does, and how it works. Nearly all |
3294 | 1055 programming languages have provisions for comments, because programs are |
1056 typically hard to understand without them. | |
1057 | |
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1058 @menu |
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1059 * Single Line Comments:: |
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1060 * Block Comments:: |
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1061 * Comments and the Help System:: |
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1062 @end menu |
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1063 |
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1064 @node Single Line Comments |
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1065 @subsection Single Line Comments |
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1066 @cindex @samp{#} |
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1067 @cindex @samp{%} |
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1068 |
3294 | 1069 In the Octave language, a comment starts with either the sharp sign |
1070 character, @samp{#}, or the percent symbol @samp{%} and continues to the | |
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1071 end of the line. Any text following the sharp sign or percent symbol is |
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1072 ignored by the Octave interpreter and not executed. The following example |
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1073 shows whole line and partial line comments. |
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1074 |
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1075 @example |
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1076 @group |
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1077 function countdown |
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1078 # Count down for main rocket engines |
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1079 disp (3); |
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1080 disp (2); |
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1081 disp (1); |
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1082 disp ("Blast Off!"); # Rocket leaves pad |
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1083 endfunction |
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1084 @end group |
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1085 @end example |
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1086 |
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1087 @node Block Comments |
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1088 @subsection Block Comments |
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1089 @cindex block comments |
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1090 @cindex multi-line comments |
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1091 @cindex @samp{#@{} |
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1092 @cindex @samp{%@{} |
3294 | 1093 |
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1094 Entire blocks of code can be commented by enclosing the code between |
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1095 matching @samp{#@{} and @samp{#@}} or @samp{%@{} and @samp{%@}} markers. |
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1096 For example, |
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1097 |
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1098 @example |
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1099 @group |
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1100 function quick_countdown |
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1101 # Count down for main rocket engines |
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1102 disp (3); |
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1103 #@{ |
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1104 disp (2); |
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1105 disp (1); |
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1106 #@} |
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1107 disp ("Blast Off!"); # Rocket leaves pad |
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1108 endfunction |
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1109 @end group |
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1110 @end example |
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1111 |
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1112 @noindent |
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1113 will produce a very quick countdown from @qcode{'3'} to @qcode{"Blast Off"} as |
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1114 the lines "@code{disp (2);}" and "@code{disp (1);}" won't be executed. |
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1115 |
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1116 The block comment markers must appear alone as the only characters on a line |
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1117 (excepting whitespace) in order to be parsed correctly. |
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1118 |
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1119 @node Comments and the Help System |
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1120 @subsection Comments and the Help System |
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1121 @cindex documenting functions |
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1122 @cindex documenting user scripts |
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1123 @cindex help, user-defined functions |
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1124 |
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1125 The @code{help} command (@pxref{Getting Help}) is able to find the first |
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1126 block of comments in a function and return those as a documentation |
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1127 string. This means that the same commands used to get help |
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1128 on built-in functions are available for properly formatted user-defined |
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1129 functions. For example, after defining the function @code{f} below, |
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1130 |
3294 | 1131 @example |
1132 @group | |
1133 function xdot = f (x, t) | |
1134 | |
1135 # usage: f (x, t) | |
1136 # | |
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1137 # This function defines the right-hand |
3294 | 1138 # side functions for a set of nonlinear |
1139 # differential equations. | |
1140 | |
1141 r = 0.25; | |
1142 @dots{} | |
1143 endfunction | |
1144 @end group | |
1145 @end example | |
1146 | |
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1147 @noindent |
3294 | 1148 the command @kbd{help f} produces the output |
1149 | |
1150 @example | |
1151 @group | |
1152 usage: f (x, t) | |
1153 | |
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1154 This function defines the right-hand |
3294 | 1155 side functions for a set of nonlinear |
1156 differential equations. | |
1157 @end group | |
1158 @end example | |
1159 | |
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1160 Although it is possible to put comment lines into keyboard-composed, |
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1161 throw-away Octave programs, it usually isn't very useful because the |
3294 | 1162 purpose of a comment is to help you or another person understand the |
1163 program at a later time. | |
1164 | |
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1165 The @code{help} parser currently only recognizes single line comments |
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1166 (@pxref{Single Line Comments}) and not block comments for the initial |
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1167 help text. |