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annotate libinterp/corefcn/perms.cc @ 31942:7782d1ead0a0

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Replace perms.m with new perms.cc (bugs 63962 and 63965) The perms() function was previously an Octave m-file. This edit replaces it with the faster perms.cc C++ function for performance (bug 63962), using std::next_permutation from the C++ STL. Incidentally, this new function also correctly returns unique permutations for cells, thereby fixing bug 63965. * scripts/specfun/perms.m: Delete old m-file. * scripts/specfun/module.mk: Remove m-file from build system. * libinterp/corefcn/perms.cc: Add new C++ function. * libinterp/corefcn/module.mk: Add perms.cc to build system.
author Hendrik Koerner <koerhen@web.de>
date Tue, 28 Mar 2023 11:52:15 -0400
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children 1dba35103327
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31942
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1 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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2 //
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3 // Copyright (C) 2023 The Octave Project Developers
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4 //
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5 // See the file COPYRIGHT.md in the top-level directory of this
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6 // distribution or <https://octave.org/copyright/>.
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7 //
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8 // This file is part of Octave.
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9 //
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10 // Octave is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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11 // under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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12 // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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13 // (at your option) any later version.
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14 //
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15 // Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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16 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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17 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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18 // GNU General Public License for more details.
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19 //
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20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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21 // along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see
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22 // <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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23 //
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24 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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25
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26 #if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
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27 # include "config.h"
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28 #endif
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29
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30 #include <algorithm>
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31
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32 #include "defun.h"
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33 #include "error.h"
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34 #include "errwarn.h"
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35 #include "ovl.h"
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36
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37 OCTAVE_BEGIN_NAMESPACE (octave)
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38
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39 static inline double
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40 Factorial (octave_idx_type n)
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41 {
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42 double ret = 1;
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43 for (octave_idx_type i = 2; i <= n; i++)
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44 ret *= i;
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45 return ret;
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46 }
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47
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48 //
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49 // Use C++ template to cater for the different octave array classes.
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50 //
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51 template <typename T>
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52 static inline Array<T>
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53 GetPerms (const Array<T> &ar_in, bool uniq_v, bool do_sort = true)
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54 {
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55 octave_idx_type m = ar_in.numel ();
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56 double nr = Factorial (m);
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57
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58 // Setup index vector filled from 0..m-1
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59 int myvidx[m];
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60 for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
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61 myvidx[i] = i;
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62
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63 // Interim array to sort ar_in for octave sort order and to implement
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64 // "unique".
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65 Array<T> ar (ar_in);
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66
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67 if (uniq_v)
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68 {
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69 ar = ar.sort (ar.dims () (1) > ar.dims () (0) ? 1 : 0, ASCENDING);
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70 const T *Ar = ar.data ();
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71 int ctr = 0;
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72 int N_el = 1;
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73
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74 // Number of same elements where we need to remove permutations
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75 // Number of unique permutations is n! / (n_el1! * n_el2! * ...)
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76 for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < m - 1; i++)
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77 {
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78 myvidx[i] = ctr;
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79 if (Ar[i + 1] != Ar[i])
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80 {
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81 nr /= Factorial (N_el);
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82 ctr = i + 1; // index of next different element
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83 N_el = 1;
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84 }
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85 else
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86 N_el++;
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87 }
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88 myvidx[m - 1] = ctr;
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89 nr /= Factorial (N_el);
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90 }
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91 else if (do_sort)
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92 {
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93 ar = ar.sort (ar.dims () (1) > ar.dims () (0) ? 1 : 0, ASCENDING);
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94 }
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95
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96 // Sort vector indices for inverse lexicographic order later.
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97 std::sort (myvidx, myvidx + m, std::greater<int> ());
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98
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99 const T *Ar = ar.data ();
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100
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101 // Set up result array
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102 octave_idx_type n = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (nr);
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103 Array<T> res (dim_vector (n, m));
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104 T *Res = res.fortran_vec ();
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105
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106 // Do the actual job
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107 octave_idx_type i = 0;
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108 std::sort (myvidx, myvidx + m, std::greater<int> ());
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109 do
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110 {
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111 for (octave_idx_type j = 0; j < m; j++)
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112 Res[i + j * n] = Ar[myvidx[j]];
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113 i++;
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114 }
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115 while (std::next_permutation (myvidx, myvidx + m, std::greater<int> ()));
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116
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117 return res;
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118 }
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119
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120 // Template for non-numerical types (e.g. Cell) without sorting.
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121 // The C++ compiler complains as the provided type octave_value does not
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122 // support the test of equality via '==' in the above template.
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123
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124 template <typename T>
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125 static inline Array<T>
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126 GetPermsNoSort (const Array<T> &ar_in, bool uniq_v = false)
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127 {
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128
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129 octave_idx_type m = ar_in.numel ();
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130 double nr = Factorial (m);
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131
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132 // Setup index vector filled from 0..m-1
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133 int myvidx[m];
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134 for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
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135 myvidx[i] = i;
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136
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137 const T *Ar = ar_in.data ();
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138
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139 if (uniq_v)
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140 {
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141 // Mutual Comparison using is_equal to detect duplicated values
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142 int N_el = 1;
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143 // Number of unique permutations is n! / (n_el1! * n_el2! * ...)
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144 for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < m - 1; i++)
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145 {
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146 for (octave_idx_type j = i + 1; j < m; j++)
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147 {
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148 if (myvidx[j] > myvidx[i] && Ar[i].is_equal (Ar[j]))
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149 {
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150 myvidx[j] = myvidx[i]; // not yet processed...
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151 N_el++;
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152 }
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153 else
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154 {
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155 nr /= Factorial (N_el);
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156 N_el = 1;
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157 }
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158 }
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159 }
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160 nr /= Factorial (N_el);
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161 }
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162
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163 // Sort vector indices for inverse lexicographic order later.
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164 std::sort (myvidx, myvidx + m, std::greater<int> ());
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165
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166 // Set up result array
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167 octave_idx_type n = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (nr);
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168 Array<T> res (dim_vector (n, m));
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169 T *Res = res.fortran_vec ();
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170
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171 // Do the actual job
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172 octave_idx_type i = 0;
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173 do
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174 {
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175 for (octave_idx_type j = 0; j < m; j++)
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176 Res[i + j * n] = Ar[myvidx[j]];
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177 i++;
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178 }
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179 while (std::next_permutation (myvidx, myvidx + m, std::greater<int> ()));
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180 return res;
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181 }
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182
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183 DEFUN (perms, args, ,
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184 doc: /* -*- texinfo -*-
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185 @deftypefn {} {@var{P} =} perms (@var{v})
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186 @deftypefnx {} {@var{P} =} perms (@var{v}, "unique")
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187 Generate all permutations of vector @var{v} with one row per permutation.
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188
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189 Results are returned in inverse lexicographic order. The result has size
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190 @code{factorial (@var{n}) * @var{n}}, where @var{n} is the length of
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191 @var{v}. Any repeated elements are included in the output.
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192
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193 If the optional argument @qcode{"unique"} is given then only unique
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194 permutations are returned, using less memory and generally taking less time
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195 than calling @code{unique (perms (@var{v}), "rows")}.
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196
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197 Example 1
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198
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199 @example
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200 @group
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201 perms ([1, 2, 3])
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202 @result{}
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203 3 2 1
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204 3 1 2
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205 2 3 1
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206 2 1 3
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207 1 3 2
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208 1 2 3
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209 @end group
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210 @end example
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211
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212 Example 2
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213
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214 @example
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215 @group
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216 perms ([1, 1, 2, 2], "unique")
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217 @result{}
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218 2 2 1 1
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219 2 1 2 1
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220 2 1 1 2
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221 1 2 2 1
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222 1 2 1 2
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223 1 1 2 2
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224 @end group
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225 @end example
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226
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227 Programming Note: If the @qcode{"unique"} option is not used, the length of
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228 @var{v} should be no more than 10-12 to limit memory consumption. Even with
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229 @qcode{"unique"}, there should be no more than 10-12 unique elements in
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230 @var{v}.
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231 @seealso{permute, randperm, nchoosek}
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232
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233 @end deftypefn */)
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234 {
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235 int nargin = args.length ();
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236
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237 if (nargin < 1 || nargin > 2)
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238 print_usage ();
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239
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240 octave_value retval;
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241
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242 // Parameter check "unique"
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243 bool uniq_v = false;
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244 if (nargin == 2)
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245 {
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246 const charMatrix opt = args (1).char_matrix_value ();
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247 const char *str = opt.data ();
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248 if (std::string (str, opt.cols ()) != "unique")
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249 {
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250 error ("perms: option must be the string \"unique\".");
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251 }
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252 uniq_v = true;
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253 }
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254
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255 if (! (args (0).is_matrix_type () || args (0).is_range ()
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256 || args (0).iscell () || args (0).is_scalar_type ()
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257 || args (0).isstruct ()))
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258 {
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259 error ("perms: INPUT must be a matrix, a range, a cell array, "
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260 "a struct or a scalar.");
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261 }
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262
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263 std::string clname = args (0).class_name ();
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264
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265 // Execute main permutation code for the different classes
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266 if (clname == "double")
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267 retval = GetPerms<double> (args (0).array_value (), uniq_v);
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268 else if (clname == "single")
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269 retval = GetPerms<float> (args (0).float_array_value (), uniq_v);
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270 else if (clname == "logical")
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271 retval = GetPerms<bool> (args (0).bool_array_value (), uniq_v, false);
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272 // Do not sort logicals by value as the other numerical data types.
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273 // This reflects past design decisions using the order positioning
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274 // for logicals. See the discussion in
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275 // https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?50426 and
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276 // https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?63962 for context.
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277 else if (clname == "char")
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278 retval = GetPerms<char> (args (0).char_array_value (), uniq_v);
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279 else if (clname == "int8")
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280 retval = GetPerms<octave_int8> (args (0).int8_array_value (), uniq_v);
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281 else if (clname == "int16")
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282 retval = GetPerms<octave_int16> (args (0).int16_array_value (), uniq_v);
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283 else if (clname == "int32")
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284 retval = GetPerms<octave_int32> (args (0).int32_array_value (), uniq_v);
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285 else if (clname == "int64")
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286 retval = GetPerms<octave_int64> (args (0).int64_array_value (), uniq_v);
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287 else if (clname == "uint8")
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288 retval = GetPerms<octave_uint8> (args (0).uint8_array_value (), uniq_v);
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289 else if (clname == "uint16")
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290 retval = GetPerms<octave_uint16> (args (0).uint16_array_value (), uniq_v);
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291 else if (clname == "uint32")
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292 retval = GetPerms<octave_uint32> (args (0).uint32_array_value (), uniq_v);
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293 else if (clname == "uint64")
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294 retval = GetPerms<octave_uint64> (args (0).uint64_array_value (), uniq_v);
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295 else if (clname == "cell")
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296 retval = GetPermsNoSort<octave_value> (args (0).cell_value (), uniq_v);
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297 else if (clname == "struct")
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298 {
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299 const octave_map map_in (args (0).map_value ());
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300 string_vector fn = map_in.fieldnames ();
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301 if (fn.numel () == 0 && map_in.numel () != 0)
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302 {
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303 octave_scalar_map out;
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304 retval = out;
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305 }
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306 else
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307 {
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308 octave_map out;
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309 if (fn.numel () == 0)
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310 {
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311 out = octave_map (dim_vector (1, 0));
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312 }
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313 else
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314 {
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315 for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < fn.numel (); i++)
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316 {
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317 out.assign (fn (i), GetPermsNoSort<octave_value>
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318 (map_in.contents (fn (i)), uniq_v));
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319 }
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320 }
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321 retval = out;
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322 }
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323 }
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324 else // none of the above class criteria were met
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325 {
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326 warning ("perms: unable to permute for class %s", clname.c_str ());
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327 // retval stays empty
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328 }
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329 return ovl (retval);
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330 }
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331
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332 /*
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333
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334 %!assert (rows (perms (1:6)), factorial (6))
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335 %!assert (perms (pi), pi)
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336 %!assert (perms ([pi, e]), [pi, e; e, pi])
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337 %!assert (perms ([1,2,3]), [3,2,1;3,1,2;2,3,1;2,1,3;1,3,2;1,2,3])
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338 %!assert (perms (1:5), perms ([2 5 4 1 3]'))
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339 %!assert (perms ("abc"), char ("cba", "cab", "bca", "bac", "acb", "abc"))
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340 %!assert (perms ("fobar"), sortrows (unique (perms ("fobar"), "rows"), -(1:5)))
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341 %!assert (unique (perms (1:5)(:))', 1:5)
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342 %!assert (perms (int8 (1:4)), int8 (perms (1:4)))
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343
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344 %!assert (sortrows (perms ("abb", "unique")), ["abb"; "bab"; "bba"])
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345 %!assert (size (perms ([1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3], "unique")), [1260 9])
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346 %!assert (size (perms (int8([1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 3]), "unique")), [27720 12])
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347
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348 ## Should work for any array type, such as cells and structs,
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349 ## and not only for numeric data.
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350
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351 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({1}), {1})
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352 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({0.1, "foo"}), {"foo", 0.1; 0.1, "foo"})
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353 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({"foo", 0.1}), {0.1, "foo"; "foo", 0.1})
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354 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({"foo"; 0.1}), {0.1, "foo"; "foo", 0.1})
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355 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({0.1; "foo"}), {"foo", 0.1; 0.1, "foo"})
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356 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({"foo", "bar"}), {"bar", "foo"; "foo", "bar"})
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357 %!assert <*52431> (perms ({"bar", "foo"}), {"foo", "bar"; "bar", "foo"})
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358 %!
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359 %!assert <*52431> (perms (struct ()), struct ())
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360 %!assert <*52431> (perms (struct ("foo", {1, 2})),
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361 %! struct ("foo", {2, 1; 1, 2}))
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362 %!assert <*52431> (perms (struct ("foo", {1, 2}, "bar", {3, 4})),
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363 %! struct ("foo", {2, 1; 1, 2}, "bar", {4, 3; 3, 4}))
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364
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365 ## Also sort logical input with order dependent on the input order and
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366 ## not their values.
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367
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368 %!assert <*52431> (perms (logical ([1 0])), logical ([0 1;, 1 0]))
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369 %!assert <*52431> (perms (logical ([0 1])), logical ([1 0; 0 1]))
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370 %!assert <*52431> (perms (logical ([0 1 0])),
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371 %! logical ([0 1 0; 0 0 1; 1 0 0; 1 0 0; 0 0 1; 0 1 0]))
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372 %!assert <*52431> (perms (logical ([0 1 1])),
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373 %! logical ([1 1 0; 1 0 1; 1 1 0; 1 0 1; 0 1 1; 0 1 1]))
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374
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375 %!assert <*52432> (perms ([]), reshape ([], 1, 0))
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376 %!assert <*52432> (perms (single ([])), reshape (single ([]), 1, 0))
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377 %!assert <*52432> (perms (int8 ([])), reshape (int8 ([]), 1, 0))
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378 %!assert <*52432> (perms ({}), cell (1, 0))
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379
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380 %!test <*52432>
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381 %! s = struct ();
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382 %! s(1) = [];
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383 %! assert (perms (reshape (s, 0, 0)), reshape (s, 1, 0));
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384 %! assert (perms (reshape (s, 0, 1)), reshape (s, 1, 0));
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385
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386 ## test if "unique" works also for cell arrays
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387 %!assert <*63965> (perms ({"foo"; "foo"}, "unique"), {"foo", "foo"})
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388 %!assert <*63965> (perms ({"foo", "foo", "bar"}, "unique"), ...
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389 %! {"bar", "foo", "foo";
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390 %! "foo", "bar", "foo";
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391 %! "foo", "foo", "bar"})
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392
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393 ## Test input validation
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394 %!error <Invalid call> perms ()
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395 %!error <option must be the string "unique"> perms (1:5, "foobar")
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396 %!error <option must be the string "unique"> perms (1:5, {"foo"})
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397
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398 */
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399
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400 OCTAVE_END_NAMESPACE (octave)