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[project @ 2002-11-12 03:13:42 by jwe]
author jwe
date Tue, 12 Nov 2002 03:13:42 +0000
parents aae05d51353c
children 6ab0a8767780
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1 @c Copyright (C) 1996, 1997 John W. Eaton
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2 @c This is part of the Octave manual.
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3 @c For copying conditions, see the file gpl.texi.
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4
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5 @node System Utilities
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6 @chapter System Utilities
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7
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8 This chapter describes the functions that are available to allow you to
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9 get information about what is happening outside of Octave, while it is
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10 still running, and use this information in your program. For example,
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11 you can get information about environment variables, the current time,
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12 and even start other programs from the Octave prompt.
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13
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14 @menu
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15 * Timing Utilities::
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16 * Filesystem Utilities::
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17 * Controlling Subprocesses::
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18 * Process ID Information::
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19 * Environment Variables::
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20 * Current Working Directory::
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21 * Password Database Functions::
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22 * Group Database Functions::
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23 * System Information::
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24 @end menu
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25
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26 @node Timing Utilities
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27 @section Timing Utilities
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28
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29 Octave's core set of functions for manipulating time values are
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30 patterned after the corresponding functions from the standard C library.
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31 Several of these functions use a data structure for time that includes
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32 the following elements:
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33
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34 @table @code
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35 @item usec
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36 Microseconds after the second (0-999999).
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37
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38 @item sec
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39 Seconds after the minute (0-61). This number can be 61 to account
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40 for leap seconds.
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41
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42 @item min
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43 Minutes after the hour (0-59).
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44
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45 @item hour
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46 Hours since midnight (0-23).
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47
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48 @item mday
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49 Day of the month (1-31).
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50
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51 @item mon
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52 Months since January (0-11).
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53
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54 @item year
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55 Years since 1900.
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56
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57 @item wday
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58 Days since Sunday (0-6).
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59
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60 @item yday
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61 Days since January 1 (0-365).
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62
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63 @item isdst
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64 Daylight Savings Time flag.
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65
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66 @item zone
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67 Time zone.
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68 @end table
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69
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70 @noindent
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71 In the descriptions of the following functions, this structure is
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72 referred to as a @var{tm_struct}.
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73
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74 @DOCSTRING(time)
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75
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76 @DOCSTRING(ctime)
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78 @DOCSTRING(gmtime)
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80 @DOCSTRING(localtime)
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82 @DOCSTRING(mktime)
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84 @DOCSTRING(asctime)
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85
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86 @DOCSTRING(strftime)
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87
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88 @DOCSTRING(strptime)
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89
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90 Most of the remaining functions described in this section are not
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91 patterned after the standard C library. Some are available for
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92 compatiblity with @sc{Matlab} and others are provided because they are
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93 useful.
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94
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95 @DOCSTRING(clock)
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96
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97 @DOCSTRING(date)
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99 @DOCSTRING(etime)
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100
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101 @DOCSTRING(cputime)
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102
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103 @DOCSTRING(is_leap_year)
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104
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105 @DOCSTRING(tic)
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106
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107 @DOCSTRING(pause)
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108
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109 @DOCSTRING(sleep)
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110
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111 @DOCSTRING(usleep)
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112
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113 @node Filesystem Utilities
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114 @section Filesystem Utilities
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115
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116 Octave includes the following functions for renaming and deleting files,
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117 creating, deleting, and reading directories, and for getting information
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118 about the status of files.
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119
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120 @DOCSTRING(rename)
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121
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122 @DOCSTRING(link)
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123
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124 @DOCSTRING(symlink)
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125
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126 @DOCSTRING(readlink)
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127
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128 @DOCSTRING(unlink)
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130 @DOCSTRING(readdir)
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132 @DOCSTRING(mkdir)
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134 @DOCSTRING(rmdir)
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136 @DOCSTRING(mkfifo)
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138 @DOCSTRING(umask)
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140 @DOCSTRING(stat)
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142 @DOCSTRING(glob)
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144 @DOCSTRING(fnmatch)
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145
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146 @DOCSTRING(file_in_path)
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147
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148 @DOCSTRING(tilde_expand)
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149
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150 @node Controlling Subprocesses
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151 @section Controlling Subprocesses
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152
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153 Octave includes some high-level commands like @code{system} and
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154 @code{popen} for starting subprocesses. If you want to run another
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155 program to perform some task and then look at its output, you will
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156 probably want to use these functions.
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157
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158 Octave also provides several very low-level Unix-like functions which
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159 can also be used for starting subprocesses, but you should probably only
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160 use them if you can't find any way to do what you need with the
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161 higher-level functions.
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162
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163 @DOCSTRING(system)
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164
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165 @DOCSTRING(popen)
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166
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167 @DOCSTRING(pclose)
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168
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169 @DOCSTRING(popen2)
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170
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171 @DOCSTRING(EXEC_PATH)
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172
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173 In most cases, the following functions simply decode their arguments and
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174 make the corresponding Unix system calls. For a complete example of how
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175 they can be used, look at the definition of the function @code{popen2}.
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176
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177 @DOCSTRING(fork)
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178
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179 @DOCSTRING(exec)
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180
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181 @DOCSTRING(pipe)
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182
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183 @DOCSTRING(dup2)
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184
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185 @DOCSTRING(waitpid)
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186
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187 @DOCSTRING(fcntl)
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188
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189 @node Process ID Information
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190 @section Process, Group, and User IDs
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191
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192 @DOCSTRING(getpgrp)
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193
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194 @DOCSTRING(getpid)
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195
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196 @DOCSTRING(getppid)
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197
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198 @DOCSTRING(geteuid)
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199
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200 @DOCSTRING(getuid)
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201
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202 @DOCSTRING(getegid)
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203
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204 @DOCSTRING(getgid)
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205
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206 @node Environment Variables
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207 @section Environment Variables
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208
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209 @DOCSTRING(getenv)
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210
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211 @DOCSTRING(putenv)
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212
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213 @node Current Working Directory
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214 @section Current Working Directory
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215
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216 @DOCSTRING(cd)
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217
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218 @DOCSTRING(ls)
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219
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220 @DOCSTRING(pwd)
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221
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222 @node Password Database Functions
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223 @section Password Database Functions
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224
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225 Octave's password database functions return information in a structure
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226 with the following fields.
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227
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228 @table @code
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229 @item name
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230 The user name.
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231
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232 @item passwd
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233 The encrypted password, if available.
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234
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235 @item uid
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236 The numeric user id.
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237
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238 @item gid
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239 The numeric group id.
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240
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241 @item gecos
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242 The GECOS field.
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243
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244 @item dir
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245 The home directory.
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246
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247 @item shell
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248 The initial shell.
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249 @end table
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250
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251 In the descriptions of the following functions, this data structure is
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252 referred to as a @var{pw_struct}.
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253
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254 @DOCSTRING(getpwent)
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255
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256 @DOCSTRING(getpwuid)
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257
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258 @DOCSTRING(getpwnam)
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259
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260 @DOCSTRING(setpwent)
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261
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262 @DOCSTRING(endpwent)
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263
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264 @node Group Database Functions
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265 @section Group Database Functions
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266
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267 Octave's group database functions return information in a structure
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268 with the following fields.
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269
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270 @table @code
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271 @item name
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272 The user name.
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273
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274 @item passwd
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275 The encrypted password, if available.
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276
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277 @item gid
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278 The numeric group id.
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279
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280 @item mem
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281 The members of the group.
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282 @end table
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283
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284 In the descriptions of the following functions, this data structure is
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285 referred to as a @var{grp_struct}.
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286
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287 @DOCSTRING(getgrent)
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288
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289 @DOCSTRING(getgrgid)
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290
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291 @DOCSTRING(getgrnam)
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292
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293 @DOCSTRING(setgrent)
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294
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295 @DOCSTRING(endgrent)
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296
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297 @node System Information
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298 @section System Information
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299
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300 @DOCSTRING(computer)
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301
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302 @DOCSTRING(isieee)
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303
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304 @DOCSTRING(OCTAVE_VERSION)
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305
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306 @DOCSTRING(octave_config_info)
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307
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308 @DOCSTRING(getrusage)