annotate libinterp/corefcn/svd.cc @ 29958:32c3a5805893

move DEFUN and DEFMETHOD functions inside octave namespace * mk-opts.pl: Surround emitted function definitions with OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN and OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_END tags. * mk-builtins.pl: Surround emitted function declarations with OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN and OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_END tags. Emit deprecated global inline functions. * __betainc__.cc, __contourc__.cc, __dsearchn__.cc, __eigs__.cc, __expint__.cc, __ftp__.cc, __gammainc__.cc, __ichol__.cc, __ilu__.cc, __lin_interpn__.cc, __magick_read__.cc, __pchip_deriv__.cc, __qp__.cc, amd.cc, balance.cc, besselj.cc, bitfcns.cc, bsxfun.cc, call-stack.cc, ccolamd.cc, cellfun.cc, chol.cc, colamd.cc, colloc.cc, conv2.cc, daspk.cc, dasrt.cc, dassl.cc, data.cc, debug.cc, defaults.cc, defun.cc, det.cc, dirfns.cc, display.cc, dlmread.cc, dmperm.cc, dot.cc, eig.cc, ellipj.cc, environment.cc, error.cc, event-manager.cc, fcn-info.cc, fft.cc, fft2.cc, fftn.cc, file-io.cc, filter.cc, find.cc, gcd.cc, getgrent.cc, getpwent.cc, getrusage.cc, givens.cc, graphics.cc, gsvd.cc, hash.cc, help.cc, hess.cc, hex2num.cc, input.cc, interpreter.cc, inv.cc, jsondecode.cc, jsonencode.cc, kron.cc, load-path.cc, load-save.cc, lookup.cc, ls-oct-text.cc, lsode.cc, lu.cc, mappers.cc, matrix_type.cc, max.cc, mgorth.cc, nproc.cc, oct-hist.cc, ordqz.cc, ordschur.cc, pager.cc, pinv.cc, pr-flt-fmt.cc, pr-output.cc, psi.cc, qr.cc, quad.cc, quadcc.cc, qz.cc, rand.cc, rcond.cc, regexp.cc, schur.cc, settings.cc, sighandlers.cc, sparse.cc, spparms.cc, sqrtm.cc, stream-euler.cc, strfind.cc, strfns.cc, sub2ind.cc, svd.cc, sylvester.cc, symbfact.cc, symrcm.cc, symtab.cc, syscalls.cc, sysdep.cc, time.cc, toplev.cc, tril.cc, tsearch.cc, typecast.cc, urlwrite.cc, utils.cc, variables.cc, __delaunayn__.cc, __fltk_uigetfile__.cc, __glpk__.cc, __init_gnuplot__.cc, __ode15__.cc, __voronoi__.cc, audiodevinfo.cc, audioread.cc, convhulln.cc, fftw.cc, gzip.cc, ov-base.cc, ov-bool-mat.cc, ov-cell.cc, ov-class.cc, ov-classdef.cc, ov-fcn-handle.cc, ov-java.cc, ov-null-mat.cc, ov-oncleanup.cc, ov-struct.cc, ov-typeinfo.cc, ov-usr-fcn.cc, ov.cc, octave.cc, lex.ll, oct-parse.yy, profiler.cc, pt-eval.cc: Surround DEFUN and DEFMETHOD function defnitions with OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN and OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_END tags.
author John W. Eaton <jwe@octave.org>
date Fri, 13 Aug 2021 21:53:51 -0400
parents 9245ae55b6bd
children 7d6709900da7
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1 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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2 //
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3 // Copyright (C) 1996-2021 The Octave Project Developers
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4 //
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5 // See the file COPYRIGHT.md in the top-level directory of this
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6 // distribution or <https://octave.org/copyright/>.
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7 //
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8 // This file is part of Octave.
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9 //
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10 // Octave is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
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11 // under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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12 // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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13 // (at your option) any later version.
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14 //
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15 // Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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16 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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17 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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18 // GNU General Public License for more details.
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19 //
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20 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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21 // along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see
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22 // <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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23 //
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24 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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25
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26 #if defined (HAVE_CONFIG_H)
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27 # include "config.h"
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28 #endif
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29
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30 #include "svd.h"
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31
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32 #include "defun.h"
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33 #include "error.h"
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34 #include "errwarn.h"
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35 #include "ovl.h"
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36 #include "pr-output.h"
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37 #include "utils.h"
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38 #include "variables.h"
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39
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40 OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
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41
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42 static std::string Vsvd_driver = "gesvd";
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43
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44 template <typename T>
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45 static typename octave::math::svd<T>::Type
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46 svd_type (int nargin, int nargout, const octave_value_list & args, const T & A)
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47 {
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48 if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
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49 return octave::math::svd<T>::Type::sigma_only;
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50 else if (nargin == 1)
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51 return octave::math::svd<T>::Type::std;
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52 else if (! args(1).is_real_scalar ())
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53 return octave::math::svd<T>::Type::economy;
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54 else
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55 {
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56 if (A.rows () > A.columns ())
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57 return octave::math::svd<T>::Type::economy;
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58 else
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59 return octave::math::svd<T>::Type::std;
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60 }
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61 }
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62
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63 template <typename T>
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64 static typename octave::math::svd<T>::Driver
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65 svd_driver (void)
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66 {
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67 if (Vsvd_driver == "gejsv")
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68 return octave::math::svd<T>::Driver::GEJSV;
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69 else if (Vsvd_driver == "gesdd")
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70 return octave::math::svd<T>::Driver::GESDD;
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71 else
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72 return octave::math::svd<T>::Driver::GESVD; // default
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73 }
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74
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75 DEFUN (svd, args, nargout,
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76 classes: double single
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77 doc: /* -*- texinfo -*-
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78 @deftypefn {} {@var{s} =} svd (@var{A})
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79 @deftypefnx {} {[@var{U}, @var{S}, @var{V}] =} svd (@var{A})
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80 @deftypefnx {} {[@var{U}, @var{S}, @var{V}] =} svd (@var{A}, "econ")
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81 @deftypefnx {} {[@var{U}, @var{S}, @var{V}] =} svd (@var{A}, 0)
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82 @cindex singular value decomposition
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83 Compute the singular value decomposition of @var{A}.
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84
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85 The singular value decomposition is defined by the relation
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86
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87 @tex
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88 $$
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89 A = U S V^{\dagger}
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90 $$
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91 @end tex
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92 @ifnottex
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93
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94 @example
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95 A = U*S*V'
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96 @end example
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97
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98 @end ifnottex
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99
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100 The function @code{svd} normally returns only the vector of singular values.
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101 When called with three return values, it computes
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102 @tex
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103 $U$, $S$, and $V$.
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104 @end tex
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105 @ifnottex
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106 @var{U}, @var{S}, and @var{V}.
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107 @end ifnottex
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108 For example,
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109
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110 @example
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111 svd (hilb (3))
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112 @end example
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113
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114 @noindent
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115 returns
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116
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117 @example
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118 @group
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119 ans =
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120
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121 1.4083189
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122 0.1223271
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123 0.0026873
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124 @end group
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125 @end example
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126
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127 @noindent
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128 and
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129
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130 @example
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131 [u, s, v] = svd (hilb (3))
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132 @end example
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133
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134 @noindent
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135 returns
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136
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137 @example
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138 @group
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139 u =
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140
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141 -0.82704 0.54745 0.12766
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142 -0.45986 -0.52829 -0.71375
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143 -0.32330 -0.64901 0.68867
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144
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145 s =
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146
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147 1.40832 0.00000 0.00000
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148 0.00000 0.12233 0.00000
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149 0.00000 0.00000 0.00269
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150
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151 v =
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152
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153 -0.82704 0.54745 0.12766
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154 -0.45986 -0.52829 -0.71375
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155 -0.32330 -0.64901 0.68867
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156 @end group
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157 @end example
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158
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159 When given a second argument that is not 0, @code{svd} returns an economy-sized
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160 decomposition, eliminating the unnecessary rows or columns of @var{U} or
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161 @var{V}.
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162
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163 If the second argument is exactly 0, then the choice of decomposition is based
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164 on the matrix @var{A}. If @var{A} has more rows than columns then an
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165 economy-sized decomposition is returned, otherwise a regular decomposition
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166 is calculated.
22977
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167
750c8b4b7164 Switch svd_driver to gesdd for performance (bug #49940).
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168 Algorithm Notes: When calculating the full decomposition (left and right
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169 singular matrices in addition to singular values) there is a choice of two
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170 routines in @sc{lapack}. The default routine used by Octave is @code{gesvd}.
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171 The alternative is @code{gesdd} which is 5X faster, but may use more memory
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172 and may be inaccurate for some input matrices. There is a third routine
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173 @code{gejsv}, suitable for better accuracy at extreme scale. See the
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174 documentation for @code{svd_driver} for more information on choosing a driver.
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175 @seealso{svd_driver, svds, eig, lu, chol, hess, qr, qz}
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176 @end deftypefn */)
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177 {
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178 int nargin = args.length ();
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179
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180 if (nargin < 1 || nargin > 2 || nargout > 3)
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181 print_usage ();
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182
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183 octave_value arg = args(0);
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184
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185 if (arg.ndims () != 2)
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186 error ("svd: A must be a 2-D matrix");
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187
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188 octave_value_list retval;
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189
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190 bool isfloat = arg.is_single_type ();
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191
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192 if (isfloat)
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193 {
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194 if (arg.isreal ())
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195 {
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196 FloatMatrix tmp = arg.float_matrix_value ();
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197
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198 if (tmp.any_element_is_inf_or_nan ())
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199 error ("svd: cannot take SVD of matrix containing Inf or NaN values");
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200
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201 octave::math::svd<FloatMatrix> result
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202 (tmp,
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203 svd_type<FloatMatrix> (nargin, nargout, args, tmp),
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204 svd_driver<FloatMatrix> ());
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205
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206 FloatDiagMatrix sigma = result.singular_values ();
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207
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208 if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
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209 retval(0) = sigma.extract_diag ();
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210 else if (nargout == 2)
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211 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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diff changeset
212 sigma);
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213 else
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214 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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215 sigma,
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216 result.right_singular_matrix ());
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217 }
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c3075ae020e1 maint: Deprecate is_complex_type and replace with iscomplex.
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218 else if (arg.iscomplex ())
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219 {
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diff changeset
220 FloatComplexMatrix ctmp = arg.float_complex_matrix_value ();
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221
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222 if (ctmp.any_element_is_inf_or_nan ())
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diff changeset
223 error ("svd: cannot take SVD of matrix containing Inf or NaN values");
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224
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diff changeset
225 octave::math::svd<FloatComplexMatrix> result
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diff changeset
226 (ctmp,
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diff changeset
227 svd_type<FloatComplexMatrix> (nargin, nargout, args, ctmp),
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228 svd_driver<FloatComplexMatrix> ());
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229
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230 FloatDiagMatrix sigma = result.singular_values ();
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231
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232 if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
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diff changeset
233 retval(0) = sigma.extract_diag ();
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234 else if (nargout == 2)
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diff changeset
235 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
825e1d0dfa8e Allow svd to return two output arguments (bug #53356).
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diff changeset
236 sigma);
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237 else
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238 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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diff changeset
239 sigma,
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240 result.right_singular_matrix ());
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241 }
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242 }
295f037b4b3e [project @ 1997-05-05 05:32:33 by jwe]
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243 else
295f037b4b3e [project @ 1997-05-05 05:32:33 by jwe]
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diff changeset
244 {
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245 if (arg.isreal ())
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246 {
21273
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diff changeset
247 Matrix tmp = arg.matrix_value ();
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248
21273
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249 if (tmp.any_element_is_inf_or_nan ())
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diff changeset
250 error ("svd: cannot take SVD of matrix containing Inf or NaN values");
4478
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251
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252 octave::math::svd<Matrix> result
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diff changeset
253 (tmp,
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254 svd_type<Matrix> (nargin, nargout, args, tmp),
22317
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diff changeset
255 svd_driver<Matrix> ());
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diff changeset
256
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257 DiagMatrix sigma = result.singular_values ();
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258
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259 if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
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diff changeset
260 retval(0) = sigma.extract_diag ();
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diff changeset
261 else if (nargout == 2)
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262 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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263 sigma);
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264 else
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265 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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266 sigma,
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267 result.right_singular_matrix ());
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268 }
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269 else if (arg.iscomplex ())
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270 {
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271 ComplexMatrix ctmp = arg.complex_matrix_value ();
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272
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273 if (ctmp.any_element_is_inf_or_nan ())
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274 error ("svd: cannot take SVD of matrix containing Inf or NaN values");
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275
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276 octave::math::svd<ComplexMatrix> result
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277 (ctmp,
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278 svd_type<ComplexMatrix> (nargin, nargout, args, ctmp),
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279 svd_driver<ComplexMatrix> ());
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280
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281 DiagMatrix sigma = result.singular_values ();
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282
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283 if (nargout == 0 || nargout == 1)
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284 retval(0) = sigma.extract_diag ();
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285 else if (nargout == 2)
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286 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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287 sigma);
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288 else
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289 retval = ovl (result.left_singular_matrix (),
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290 sigma,
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291 result.right_singular_matrix ());
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292 }
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293 else
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294 err_wrong_type_arg ("svd", arg);
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295 }
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296
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297 return retval;
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298 }
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299
295f037b4b3e [project @ 1997-05-05 05:32:33 by jwe]
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300 /*
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301 %!assert (svd ([1, 2; 2, 1]), [3; 1], sqrt (eps))
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302
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303 %!test
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304 %! a = [1, 2; 3, 4] + [5, 6; 7, 8]*i;
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305 %! [u,s,v] = svd (a);
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306 %! assert (a, u * s * v', 128 * eps);
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307
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308 %!test
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309 %! [u, s, v] = svd ([1, 2; 2, 1]);
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310 %! x = 1 / sqrt (2);
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311 %! assert (u, [-x, -x; -x, x], sqrt (eps));
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312 %! assert (s, [3, 0; 0, 1], sqrt (eps));
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313 %! assert (v, [-x, x; -x, -x], sqrt (eps));
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314
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315 %!test
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316 %! a = [1, 2, 3; 4, 5, 6];
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317 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a);
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318 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps));
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319
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320 %!test
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321 %! a = [1, 2; 3, 4; 5, 6];
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322 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a);
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323 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps));
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324
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325 %!test
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326 %! a = [1, 2, 3; 4, 5, 6];
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327 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a, 1);
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328 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps));
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329
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330 %!test
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331 %! a = [1, 2; 3, 4; 5, 6];
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332 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a, 1);
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333 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps));
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334
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335 %!assert (svd (single ([1, 2; 2, 1])), single ([3; 1]), sqrt (eps ("single")))
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336
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337 %!test
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338 %! [u, s, v] = svd (single ([1, 2; 2, 1]));
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339 %! x = single (1 / sqrt (2));
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340 %! assert (u, [-x, -x; -x, x], sqrt (eps ("single")));
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341 %! assert (s, single ([3, 0; 0, 1]), sqrt (eps ("single")));
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342 %! assert (v, [-x, x; -x, -x], sqrt (eps ("single")));
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343
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344 %!test
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345 %! a = single ([1, 2, 3; 4, 5, 6]);
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346 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a);
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347 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps ("single")));
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348
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349 %!test
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350 %! a = single ([1, 2; 3, 4; 5, 6]);
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351 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a);
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352 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps ("single")));
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353
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354 %!test
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355 %! a = single ([1, 2, 3; 4, 5, 6]);
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356 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a, 1);
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357 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps ("single")));
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358
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359 %!test
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360 %! a = single ([1, 2; 3, 4; 5, 6]);
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361 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a, 1);
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362 %! assert (u * s * v', a, sqrt (eps ("single")));
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363
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364 %!test
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365 %! a = zeros (0, 5);
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366 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a);
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367 %! assert (size (u), [0, 0]);
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368 %! assert (size (s), [0, 5]);
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369 %! assert (size (v), [5, 5]);
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370
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371 %!test
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372 %! a = zeros (5, 0);
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373 %! [u, s, v] = svd (a, 1);
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374 %! assert (size (u), [5, 0]);
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375 %! assert (size (s), [0, 0]);
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376 %! assert (size (v), [0, 0]);
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377
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378 %!test <*49309>
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379 %! [~,~,v] = svd ([1, 1, 1], 0);
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380 %! assert (size (v), [3 3]);
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381 %! [~,~,v] = svd ([1, 1, 1], "econ");
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382 %! assert (size (v), [3 1]);
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383
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384 %!assert <*55710> (1 / svd (-0), Inf)
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385
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386 %!test
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387 %! old_driver = svd_driver ("gejsv");
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388 %! s0 = [1e-20; 1e-10; 1]; # only gejsv can pass
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389 %! q = sqrt (0.5);
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390 %! a = s0 .* [q, 0, -q; -0.5, q, -0.5; 0.5, q, 0.5];
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391 %! s1 = svd (a);
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392 %! svd_driver (old_driver);
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393 %! assert (sort (s1), s0, -10 * eps);
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394
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395 %!error svd ()
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396 %!error svd ([1, 2; 4, 5], 2, 3)
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397 */
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398
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399 DEFUN (svd_driver, args, nargout,
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400 doc: /* -*- texinfo -*-
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401 @deftypefn {} {@var{val} =} svd_driver ()
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402 @deftypefnx {} {@var{old_val} =} svd_driver (@var{new_val})
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403 @deftypefnx {} {} svd_driver (@var{new_val}, "local")
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404 Query or set the underlying @sc{lapack} driver used by @code{svd}.
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405
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406 Currently recognized values are @qcode{"gesdd"}, @qcode{"gesvd"}, and
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407 @qcode{"gejsv"}. The default is @qcode{"gesvd"}.
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408
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409 When called from inside a function with the @qcode{"local"} option, the
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410 variable is changed locally for the function and any subroutines it calls.
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411 The original variable value is restored when exiting the function.
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412
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413 Algorithm Notes: The @sc{lapack} library routines @code{gesvd} and @code{gesdd}
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414 are different only when calculating the full singular value decomposition (left
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415 and right singular matrices as well as singular values). When calculating just
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416 the singular values the following discussion is not relevant.
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417
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418 The newer @code{gesdd} routine is based on a Divide-and-Conquer algorithm that
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419 is 5X faster than the alternative @code{gesvd}, which is based on QR
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420 factorization. However, the new algorithm can use significantly more memory.
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421 For an @nospell{MxN} input matrix the memory usage is of order O(min(M,N) ^ 2),
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422 whereas the alternative is of order O(max(M,N)).
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423
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424 The routine @code{gejsv} uses a preconditioned Jacobi SVD algorithm. Unlike
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425 @code{gesvd} and @code{gesdd}, in @code{gejsv}, there is no bidiagonalization
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426 step that could contaminate accuracy in some extreme cases. Also, @code{gejsv}
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427 is known to be optimally accurate in some sense. However, the speed is slower
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428 (single threaded at its core) and uses more memory (O(min(M,N) ^ 2 + M + N)).
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429
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430 Beyond speed and memory issues, there have been instances where some input
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431 matrices were not accurately decomposed by @code{gesdd}. See currently active
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432 bug @url{https://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?55564}. Until these accuracy issues
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433 are resolved in a new version of the @sc{lapack} library, the default driver
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434 in Octave has been set to @qcode{"gesvd"}.
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435
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436 @seealso{svd}
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437 @end deftypefn */)
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438 {
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439 static const char *driver_names[] = { "gesvd", "gesdd", "gejsv", nullptr };
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440
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441 return SET_INTERNAL_VARIABLE_CHOICES (svd_driver, driver_names);
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442 }
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443
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444 /*
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445 %!test
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446 %! A = [1+1i, 1-1i, 0; 0, 2, 0; 1i, 1i, 1+2i];
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447 %! old_driver = svd_driver ("gesvd");
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448 %! [U1, S1, V1] = svd (A);
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449 %! svd_driver ("gesdd");
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450 %! [U2, S2, V2] = svd (A);
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451 %! svd_driver ("gejsv");
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452 %! [U3, S3, V3] = svd (A);
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453 %! assert (svd_driver (), "gejsv");
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454 %! svd_driver (old_driver);
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455 %! assert (U1, U2, 6*eps);
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456 %! assert (S1, S2, 6*eps);
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457 %! assert (V1, V2, 6*eps);
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458 %! z = U1(1,:) ./ U3(1,:);
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459 %! assert (U1, U3 .* z, 100*eps);
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460 %! assert (S1, S3, 6*eps);
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461 %! assert (V1, V3 .* z, 100*eps);
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462 */
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463
32c3a5805893 move DEFUN and DEFMETHOD functions inside octave namespace
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464 OCTAVE_NAMESPACE_END