changeset 24239:51e408a7d38f

jit: Move everything inside the octave namespace * libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc: Move everything inside the octave namespace * libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h: Idem. * libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.cc: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.h: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.cc: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.h: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.cc: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.h: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.cc: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.h: Idem. * libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h: Idem. * libinterp/template-inst/Array-jit.cc: Idem.
author Julien Bect <jbect@users.sourceforge.net>
date Sun, 15 Oct 2017 21:08:02 +0200
parents e622b58d78a2
children 939925a782e8
files libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.cc libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.h libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.cc libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.h libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.cc libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.h libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.cc libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.h libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h libinterp/template-inst/Array-jit.cc
diffstat 13 files changed, 7402 insertions(+), 7364 deletions(-) [+]
line wrap: on
line diff
--- a/libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -93,14 +93,14 @@
   return retval;
 }
 
-jit_type *
+octave::jit_type *
 octave_builtin::to_jit (void) const
 {
   return jtype;
 }
 
 void
-octave_builtin::stash_jit (jit_type& type)
+octave_builtin::stash_jit (octave::jit_type& type)
 {
   jtype = &type;
 }
--- a/libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/octave-value/ov-builtin.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@
 
 class octave_value;
 class octave_value_list;
-class jit_type;
 
 namespace octave
 {
   class tree_evaluator;
   class interpreter;
+  class jit_type;
 }
 
 // Builtin functions.
@@ -91,9 +91,9 @@
   call (octave::tree_evaluator& tw, int nargout = 0,
         const octave_value_list& args = octave_value_list ());
 
-  jit_type * to_jit (void) const;
+  octave::jit_type * to_jit (void) const;
 
-  void stash_jit (jit_type& type);
+  void stash_jit (octave::jit_type& type);
 
   fcn function (void) const;
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
   std::set<std::string> dispatch_classes;
 
   // A pointer to the jit type that represents the function.
-  jit_type *jtype;
+  octave::jit_type *jtype;
 
 private:
 
--- a/libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -49,11 +49,11 @@
   class tree_evaluator;
   class tree_expression;
   class tree_walker;
-}
+#if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
+  class jit_function_info;
+#endif
 
-#if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
-class jit_function_info;
-#endif
+}
 
 class
 octave_user_code : public octave_function
@@ -401,9 +401,9 @@
   void accept (octave::tree_walker& tw);
 
 #if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
-  jit_function_info * get_info (void) { return jit_info; }
+  octave::jit_function_info * get_info (void) { return jit_info; }
 
-  void stash_info (jit_function_info *info) { jit_info = info; }
+  void stash_info (octave::jit_function_info *info) { jit_info = info; }
 #endif
 
   octave_value dump (void) const;
@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@
   octave::symbol_table::scope *parent_scope;
 
 #if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
-  jit_function_info *jit_info;
+  octave::jit_function_info *jit_info;
 #endif
 
   void maybe_relocate_end_internal (void);
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -44,136 +44,139 @@
 
 #include "error.h"
 
-// -------------------- jit_factory --------------------
-jit_factory::~jit_factory (void)
-{
-  for (value_list::iterator iter = all_values.begin ();
-       iter != all_values.end (); ++iter)
-    delete *iter;
-}
-
-void
-jit_factory::track_value (jit_value *value)
-{
-  if (value->type ())
-    mconstants.push_back (value);
-  all_values.push_back (value);
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_block_list --------------------
-void
-jit_block_list::insert_after (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock)
-{
-  ++iter;
-  insert_before (iter, ablock);
-}
-
-void
-jit_block_list::insert_after (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock)
-{
-  insert_after (loc->location (), ablock);
-}
-
-void
-jit_block_list::insert_before (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock)
-{
-  iter = mlist.insert (iter, ablock);
-  ablock->stash_location (iter);
-}
-
-void
-jit_block_list::insert_before (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock)
-{
-  insert_before (loc->location (), ablock);
-}
-
-void
-jit_block_list::label (void)
-{
-  if (mlist.size ())
-    {
-      jit_block *block = mlist.back ();
-      block->label ();
-    }
-}
-
-std::ostream&
-jit_block_list::print (std::ostream& os, const std::string& header) const
-{
-  os << "-------------------- " << header << " --------------------\n";
-  return os << *this;
-}
-
-std::ostream&
-jit_block_list::print_dom (std::ostream& os) const
+namespace octave
 {
-  os << "-------------------- dom info --------------------\n";
-  for (const_iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      assert (*iter);
-      (*iter)->print_dom (os);
-    }
-  os << std::endl;
+
+  // -------------------- jit_factory --------------------
+  jit_factory::~jit_factory (void)
+  {
+    for (value_list::iterator iter = all_values.begin ();
+         iter != all_values.end (); ++iter)
+      delete *iter;
+  }
 
-  return os;
-}
+  void
+  jit_factory::track_value (jit_value *value)
+  {
+    if (value->type ())
+      mconstants.push_back (value);
+    all_values.push_back (value);
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_block_list --------------------
+  void
+  jit_block_list::insert_after (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock)
+  {
+    ++iter;
+    insert_before (iter, ablock);
+  }
 
-void
-jit_block_list::push_back (jit_block *b)
-{
-  mlist.push_back (b);
-  iterator iter = mlist.end ();
-  b->stash_location (--iter);
-}
+  void
+  jit_block_list::insert_after (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock)
+  {
+    insert_after (loc->location (), ablock);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_block_list::insert_before (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock)
+  {
+    iter = mlist.insert (iter, ablock);
+    ablock->stash_location (iter);
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<<(std::ostream& os, const jit_block_list& blocks)
-{
-  for (jit_block_list::const_iterator iter = blocks.begin ();
-       iter != blocks.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      assert (*iter);
-      (*iter)->print (os, 0);
-    }
-  return os << std::endl;
-}
+  void
+  jit_block_list::insert_before (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock)
+  {
+    insert_before (loc->location (), ablock);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_block_list::label (void)
+  {
+    if (mlist.size ())
+      {
+        jit_block *block = mlist.back ();
+        block->label ();
+      }
+  }
+
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_block_list::print (std::ostream& os, const std::string& header) const
+  {
+    os << "-------------------- " << header << " --------------------\n";
+    return os << *this;
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_use --------------------
-jit_block *
-jit_use::user_parent (void) const
-{
-  return muser->parent ();
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_block_list::print_dom (std::ostream& os) const
+  {
+    os << "-------------------- dom info --------------------\n";
+    for (const_iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        assert (*iter);
+        (*iter)->print_dom (os);
+      }
+    os << std::endl;
+
+    return os;
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_value --------------------
-jit_value::~jit_value (void)
-{ }
+  void
+  jit_block_list::push_back (jit_block *b)
+  {
+    mlist.push_back (b);
+    iterator iter = mlist.end ();
+    b->stash_location (--iter);
+  }
+
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<<(std::ostream& os, const jit_block_list& blocks)
+  {
+    for (jit_block_list::const_iterator iter = blocks.begin ();
+         iter != blocks.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        assert (*iter);
+        (*iter)->print (os, 0);
+      }
+    return os << std::endl;
+  }
 
-jit_block *
-jit_value::first_use_block (void)
-{
-  jit_use *use = first_use ();
-  while (use)
-    {
-      if (! isa<jit_error_check> (use->user ()))
-        return use->user_parent ();
+  // -------------------- jit_use --------------------
+  jit_block *
+  jit_use::user_parent (void) const
+  {
+    return muser->parent ();
+  }
 
-      use = use->next ();
-    }
+  // -------------------- jit_value --------------------
+  jit_value::~jit_value (void)
+  { }
 
-  return 0;
-}
+  jit_block *
+  jit_value::first_use_block (void)
+  {
+    jit_use *use = first_use ();
+    while (use)
+      {
+        if (! isa<jit_error_check> (use->user ()))
+          return use->user_parent ();
+
+        use = use->next ();
+      }
 
-void
-jit_value::replace_with (jit_value *value)
-{
-  while (first_use ())
-    {
-      jit_instruction *user = first_use ()->user ();
-      size_t idx = first_use ()->index ();
-      user->stash_argument (idx, value);
-    }
-}
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_value::replace_with (jit_value *value)
+  {
+    while (first_use ())
+      {
+        jit_instruction *user = first_use ()->user ();
+        size_t idx = first_use ()->index ();
+        user->stash_argument (idx, value);
+      }
+  }
 
 #define JIT_METH(clname)                                \
   void                                                  \
@@ -182,664 +185,666 @@
     walker.visit (*this);                               \
   }
 
-JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE
+  JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE
 #undef JIT_METH
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_value& value)
-{
-  return value.short_print (os);
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_value& value)
+  {
+    return value.short_print (os);
+  }
+
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_value *avalue)
+  {
+    if (avalue)
+      return avalue->print (os);
+    return os << "NULL";
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_value *avalue)
-{
-  if (avalue)
-    return avalue->print (os);
-  return os << "NULL";
-}
+  // -------------------- jit_instruction --------------------
+  void
+  jit_instruction::remove (void)
+  {
+    if (mparent)
+      mparent->remove (mlocation);
+    resize_arguments (0);
+  }
+
+  llvm::BasicBlock *
+  jit_instruction::parent_llvm (void) const
+  {
+    return mparent->to_llvm ();
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_instruction --------------------
-void
-jit_instruction::remove (void)
-{
-  if (mparent)
-    mparent->remove (mlocation);
-  resize_arguments (0);
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_instruction::short_print (std::ostream& os) const
+  {
+    if (type ())
+      jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
+    return os << '#' << mid;
+  }
 
-llvm::BasicBlock *
-jit_instruction::parent_llvm (void) const
-{
-  return mparent->to_llvm ();
-}
+  void
+  jit_instruction::do_construct_ssa (size_t start, size_t end)
+  {
+    for (size_t i = start; i < end; ++i)
+      {
+        jit_value *arg = argument (i);
+        jit_variable *var = dynamic_cast<jit_variable *> (arg);
+        if (var && var->has_top ())
+          stash_argument (i, var->top ());
+      }
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_instruction::short_print (std::ostream& os) const
-{
-  if (type ())
-    jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
-  return os << '#' << mid;
-}
+  // -------------------- jit_block --------------------
+  void
+  jit_block::replace_with (jit_value *value)
+  {
+    assert (isa<jit_block> (value));
+    jit_block *block = static_cast<jit_block *> (value);
+
+    jit_value::replace_with (block);
 
-void
-jit_instruction::do_construct_ssa (size_t start, size_t end)
-{
-  for (size_t i = start; i < end; ++i)
-    {
-      jit_value *arg = argument (i);
-      jit_variable *var = dynamic_cast<jit_variable *> (arg);
-      if (var && var->has_top ())
-        stash_argument (i, var->top ());
-    }
-}
+    while (ILIST_T::first_use ())
+      {
+        jit_phi_incomming *incomming = ILIST_T::first_use ();
+        incomming->stash_value (block);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_block::replace_in_phi (jit_block *ablock, jit_block *with)
+  {
+    jit_phi_incomming *node = ILIST_T::first_use ();
+    while (node)
+      {
+        jit_phi_incomming *prev = node;
+        node = node->next ();
 
-// -------------------- jit_block --------------------
-void
-jit_block::replace_with (jit_value *value)
-{
-  assert (isa<jit_block> (value));
-  jit_block *block = static_cast<jit_block *> (value);
+        if (prev->user_parent () == ablock)
+          prev->stash_value (with);
+      }
+  }
 
-  jit_value::replace_with (block);
+  jit_block *
+  jit_block::maybe_merge ()
+  {
+    if (successor_count () == 1 && successor (0) != this
+        && (successor (0)->use_count () == 1 || instructions.size () == 1))
+      {
+        jit_block *to_merge = successor (0);
+        merge (*to_merge);
+        return to_merge;
+      }
 
-  while (ILIST_T::first_use ())
-    {
-      jit_phi_incomming *incomming = ILIST_T::first_use ();
-      incomming->stash_value (block);
-    }
-}
+    return 0;
+  }
 
-void
-jit_block::replace_in_phi (jit_block *ablock, jit_block *with)
-{
-  jit_phi_incomming *node = ILIST_T::first_use ();
-  while (node)
-    {
-      jit_phi_incomming *prev = node;
-      node = node->next ();
+  void
+  jit_block::merge (jit_block& block)
+  {
+    // the merge block will contain a new terminator
+    jit_terminator *old_term = terminator ();
+    if (old_term)
+      old_term->remove ();
+
+    bool was_empty = end () == begin ();
+    iterator merge_begin = end ();
+    if (! was_empty)
+      --merge_begin;
 
-      if (prev->user_parent () == ablock)
-        prev->stash_value (with);
-    }
-}
+    instructions.splice (end (), block.instructions);
+    if (was_empty)
+      merge_begin = begin ();
+    else
+      ++merge_begin;
 
-jit_block *
-jit_block::maybe_merge ()
-{
-  if (successor_count () == 1 && successor (0) != this
-      && (successor (0)->use_count () == 1 || instructions.size () == 1))
-    {
-      jit_block *to_merge = successor (0);
-      merge (*to_merge);
-      return to_merge;
-    }
+    // now merge_begin points to the start of the new instructions, we must
+    // update their parent information
+    for (iterator iter = merge_begin; iter != end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+        instr->stash_parent (this, iter);
+      }
+
+    block.replace_with (this);
+  }
 
-  return 0;
-}
+  jit_instruction *
+  jit_block::prepend (jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    instructions.push_front (instr);
+    instr->stash_parent (this, instructions.begin ());
+    return instr;
+  }
 
-void
-jit_block::merge (jit_block& block)
-{
-  // the merge block will contain a new terminator
-  jit_terminator *old_term = terminator ();
-  if (old_term)
-    old_term->remove ();
+  jit_instruction *
+  jit_block::prepend_after_phi (jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    // FIXME: Make this O(1)
+    for (iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *temp = *iter;
+        if (! isa<jit_phi> (temp))
+          {
+            insert_before (iter, instr);
+            return instr;
+          }
+      }
 
-  bool was_empty = end () == begin ();
-  iterator merge_begin = end ();
-  if (! was_empty)
-    --merge_begin;
+    return append (instr);
+  }
 
-  instructions.splice (end (), block.instructions);
-  if (was_empty)
-    merge_begin = begin ();
-  else
-    ++merge_begin;
+  void
+  jit_block::internal_append (jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    instructions.push_back (instr);
+    instr->stash_parent (this, --instructions.end ());
+  }
+
+  jit_instruction *
+  jit_block::insert_before (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    iterator iloc = instructions.insert (loc, instr);
+    instr->stash_parent (this, iloc);
+    return instr;
+  }
 
-  // now merge_begin points to the start of the new instructions, we must
-  // update their parent information
-  for (iterator iter = merge_begin; iter != end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-      instr->stash_parent (this, iter);
-    }
+  jit_instruction *
+  jit_block::insert_after (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    ++loc;
+    iterator iloc = instructions.insert (loc, instr);
+    instr->stash_parent (this, iloc);
+    return instr;
+  }
 
-  block.replace_with (this);
-}
+  jit_terminator *
+  jit_block::terminator (void) const
+  {
+    assert (this);
+    if (instructions.empty ())
+      return 0;
 
-jit_instruction *
-jit_block::prepend (jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  instructions.push_front (instr);
-  instr->stash_parent (this, instructions.begin ());
-  return instr;
-}
+    jit_instruction *last = instructions.back ();
+    return dynamic_cast<jit_terminator *> (last);
+  }
 
-jit_instruction *
-jit_block::prepend_after_phi (jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  // FIXME: Make this O(1)
-  for (iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *temp = *iter;
-      if (! isa<jit_phi> (temp))
-        {
-          insert_before (iter, instr);
-          return instr;
-        }
-    }
+  bool
+  jit_block::branch_alive (jit_block *asucc) const
+  {
+    return terminator ()->alive (asucc);
+  }
+
+  jit_block *
+  jit_block::successor (size_t i) const
+  {
+    jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
+    return term->successor (i);
+  }
 
-  return append (instr);
-}
+  size_t
+  jit_block::successor_count (void) const
+  {
+    jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
+    return term ? term->successor_count () : 0;
+  }
 
-void
-jit_block::internal_append (jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  instructions.push_back (instr);
-  instr->stash_parent (this, --instructions.end ());
-}
+  llvm::BasicBlock *
+  jit_block::to_llvm (void) const
+  {
+    return llvm::cast<llvm::BasicBlock> (llvm_value);
+  }
 
-jit_instruction *
-jit_block::insert_before (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  iterator iloc = instructions.insert (loc, instr);
-  instr->stash_parent (this, iloc);
-  return instr;
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_block::print_dom (std::ostream& os) const
+  {
+    short_print (os);
+    os << ":\n";
+    os << "  mid: " << mid << std::endl;
+    os << "  predecessors: ";
+    for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+      os << *use->user_parent () << ' ';
+    os << std::endl;
+
+    os << "  successors: ";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
+      os << *successor (i) << ' ';
+    os << std::endl;
 
-jit_instruction *
-jit_block::insert_after (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  ++loc;
-  iterator iloc = instructions.insert (loc, instr);
-  instr->stash_parent (this, iloc);
-  return instr;
-}
+    os << "  idom: ";
+    if (idom)
+      os << *idom;
+    else
+      os << "NULL";
+    os << std::endl;
+    os << "  df: ";
+    for (df_iterator iter = df_begin (); iter != df_end (); ++iter)
+      os << **iter << ' ';
+    os << std::endl;
 
-jit_terminator *
-jit_block::terminator (void) const
-{
-  assert (this);
-  if (instructions.empty ())
-    return 0;
+    os << "  dom_succ: ";
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < dom_succ.size (); ++i)
+      os << *dom_succ[i] << ' ';
 
-  jit_instruction *last = instructions.back ();
-  return dynamic_cast<jit_terminator *> (last);
-}
+    return os << std::endl;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_block::compute_df (size_t avisit_count)
+  {
+    if (visited (avisit_count))
+      return;
 
-bool
-jit_block::branch_alive (jit_block *asucc) const
-{
-  return terminator ()->alive (asucc);
-}
+    if (use_count () >= 2)
+      {
+        for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+          {
+            jit_block *runner = use->user_parent ();
+            while (runner != idom)
+              {
+                runner->mdf.insert (this);
+                runner = runner->idom;
+              }
+          }
+      }
 
-jit_block *
-jit_block::successor (size_t i) const
-{
-  jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
-  return term->successor (i);
-}
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
+      successor (i)->compute_df (avisit_count);
+  }
 
-size_t
-jit_block::successor_count (void) const
-{
-  jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
-  return term ? term->successor_count () : 0;
-}
+  bool
+  jit_block::update_idom (size_t avisit_count)
+  {
+    if (visited (avisit_count) || ! use_count ())
+      return false;
+
+    bool changed = false;
+    for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+      {
+        jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
+        changed = pred->update_idom (avisit_count) || changed;
+      }
 
-llvm::BasicBlock *
-jit_block::to_llvm (void) const
-{
-  return llvm::cast<llvm::BasicBlock> (llvm_value);
-}
+    jit_use *use = first_use ();
+    jit_block *new_idom = use->user_parent ();
+    use = use->next ();
+
+    for (; use; use = use->next ())
+      {
+        jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
+        jit_block *pidom = pred->idom;
+        if (pidom)
+          new_idom = idom_intersect (pidom, new_idom);
+      }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_block::print_dom (std::ostream& os) const
-{
-  short_print (os);
-  os << ":\n";
-  os << "  mid: " << mid << std::endl;
-  os << "  predecessors: ";
-  for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-    os << *use->user_parent () << ' ';
-  os << std::endl;
+    if (idom != new_idom)
+      {
+        idom = new_idom;
+        return true;
+      }
+
+    return changed;
+  }
 
-  os << "  successors: ";
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
-    os << *successor (i) << ' ';
-  os << std::endl;
+  void
+  jit_block::label (size_t avisit_count, size_t& number)
+  {
+    if (visited (avisit_count))
+      return;
+
+    for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+      {
+        jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
+        pred->label (avisit_count, number);
+      }
 
-  os << "  idom: ";
-  if (idom)
-    os << *idom;
-  else
-    os << "NULL";
-  os << std::endl;
-  os << "  df: ";
-  for (df_iterator iter = df_begin (); iter != df_end (); ++iter)
-    os << **iter << ' ';
-  os << std::endl;
+    mid = number++;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_block::pop_all (void)
+  {
+    for (iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+        instr->pop_variable ();
+      }
+  }
 
-  os << "  dom_succ: ";
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < dom_succ.size (); ++i)
-    os << *dom_succ[i] << ' ';
-
-  return os << std::endl;
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_block::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
+  {
+    print_indent (os, indent);
+    short_print (os) << ":        %pred = ";
+    for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+      {
+        jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
+        os << *pred;
+        if (use->next ())
+          os << ", ";
+      }
+    os << std::endl;
 
-void
-jit_block::compute_df (size_t avisit_count)
-{
-  if (visited (avisit_count))
-    return;
+    for (const_iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+        instr->print (os, indent + 1) << std::endl;
+      }
+    return os;
+  }
+
+  jit_block *
+  jit_block::maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
+                          jit_block *asuccessor)
+  {
+    if (successor_count () > 1)
+      {
+        jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
+        size_t idx = term->successor_index (asuccessor);
+        jit_block *split = factory.create<jit_block> ("phi_split", mvisit_count);
 
-  if (use_count () >= 2)
-    {
-      for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-        {
-          jit_block *runner = use->user_parent ();
-          while (runner != idom)
-            {
-              runner->mdf.insert (this);
-              runner = runner->idom;
-            }
-        }
-    }
+        // place after this to ensure define before use in the blocks list
+        blocks.insert_after (this, split);
+
+        term->stash_argument (idx, split);
+        jit_branch *br = split->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (asuccessor));
+        replace_in_phi (asuccessor, split);
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
-    successor (i)->compute_df (avisit_count);
-}
+        if (alive ())
+          {
+            split->mark_alive ();
+            br->infer ();
+          }
 
-bool
-jit_block::update_idom (size_t avisit_count)
-{
-  if (visited (avisit_count) || ! use_count ())
-    return false;
+        return split;
+      }
+
+    return this;
+  }
 
-  bool changed = false;
-  for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-    {
-      jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
-      changed = pred->update_idom (avisit_count) || changed;
-    }
+  void
+  jit_block::create_dom_tree (size_t avisit_count)
+  {
+    if (visited (avisit_count))
+      return;
+
+    if (idom != this)
+      idom->dom_succ.push_back (this);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
+      successor (i)->create_dom_tree (avisit_count);
+  }
 
-  jit_use *use = first_use ();
-  jit_block *new_idom = use->user_parent ();
-  use = use->next ();
+  jit_block *
+  jit_block::idom_intersect (jit_block *i, jit_block *j)
+  {
+    while (i && j && i != j)
+      {
+        while (i && i->id () > j->id ())
+          i = i->idom;
 
-  for (; use; use = use->next ())
-    {
-      jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
-      jit_block *pidom = pred->idom;
-      if (pidom)
-        new_idom = idom_intersect (pidom, new_idom);
-    }
+        while (i && j && j->id () > i->id ())
+          j = j->idom;
+      }
+
+    return i ? i : j;
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_phi_incomming --------------------
 
-  if (idom != new_idom)
-    {
-      idom = new_idom;
-      return true;
-    }
+  jit_block *
+  jit_phi_incomming::user_parent (void) const
+  { return muser->parent (); }
 
-  return changed;
-}
+  // -------------------- jit_phi --------------------
+  bool
+  jit_phi::prune (void)
+  {
+    jit_block *p = parent ();
+    size_t new_idx = 0;
+    jit_value *unique = argument (1);
 
-void
-jit_block::label (size_t avisit_count, size_t& number)
-{
-  if (visited (avisit_count))
-    return;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        jit_block *inc = incomming (i);
+        if (inc->branch_alive (p))
+          {
+            if (unique != argument (i))
+              unique = 0;
 
-  for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-    {
-      jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
-      pred->label (avisit_count, number);
-    }
+            if (new_idx != i)
+              {
+                stash_argument (new_idx, argument (i));
+                mincomming[new_idx].stash_value (inc);
+              }
 
-  mid = number++;
-}
+            ++new_idx;
+          }
+      }
+
+    if (new_idx != argument_count ())
+      {
+        resize_arguments (new_idx);
+        mincomming.resize (new_idx);
+      }
 
-void
-jit_block::pop_all (void)
-{
-  for (iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-      instr->pop_variable ();
-    }
-}
+    assert (argument_count () > 0);
+    if (unique)
+      {
+        replace_with (unique);
+        return true;
+      }
+
+    return false;
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_block::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
-{
-  print_indent (os, indent);
-  short_print (os) << ":        %pred = ";
-  for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-    {
-      jit_block *pred = use->user_parent ();
-      os << *pred;
-      if (use->next ())
-        os << ", ";
-    }
-  os << std::endl;
+  bool
+  jit_phi::infer (void)
+  {
+    jit_block *p = parent ();
+    if (! p->alive ())
+      return false;
+
+    jit_type *infered = nullptr;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        jit_block *inc = incomming (i);
+        if (inc->branch_alive (p))
+          infered = jit_typeinfo::join (infered, argument_type (i));
+      }
+
+    if (infered != type ())
+      {
+        stash_type (infered);
+        return true;
+      }
 
-  for (const_iterator iter = begin (); iter != end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-      instr->print (os, indent + 1) << std::endl;
-    }
-  return os;
-}
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  llvm::PHINode *
+  jit_phi::to_llvm (void) const
+  {
+    return llvm::cast<llvm::PHINode> (jit_value::to_llvm ());
+  }
 
-jit_block *
-jit_block::maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
-                        jit_block *asuccessor)
-{
-  if (successor_count () > 1)
-    {
-      jit_terminator *term = terminator ();
-      size_t idx = term->successor_index (asuccessor);
-      jit_block *split = factory.create<jit_block> ("phi_split", mvisit_count);
+  // -------------------- jit_terminator --------------------
+  size_t
+  jit_terminator::successor_index (const jit_block *asuccessor) const
+  {
+    size_t scount = successor_count ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < scount; ++i)
+      if (successor (i) == asuccessor)
+        return i;
+
+    panic_impossible ();
+  }
 
-      // place after this to ensure define before use in the blocks list
-      blocks.insert_after (this, split);
+  bool
+  jit_terminator::infer (void)
+  {
+    if (! parent ()->alive ())
+      return false;
 
-      term->stash_argument (idx, split);
-      jit_branch *br = split->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (asuccessor));
-      replace_in_phi (asuccessor, split);
-
-      if (alive ())
+    bool changed = false;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < malive.size (); ++i)
+      if (! malive[i] && check_alive (i))
         {
-          split->mark_alive ();
-          br->infer ();
+          changed = true;
+          malive[i] = true;
+          successor (i)->mark_alive ();
         }
 
-      return split;
-    }
-
-  return this;
-}
-
-void
-jit_block::create_dom_tree (size_t avisit_count)
-{
-  if (visited (avisit_count))
-    return;
-
-  if (idom != this)
-    idom->dom_succ.push_back (this);
+    return changed;
+  }
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < successor_count (); ++i)
-    successor (i)->create_dom_tree (avisit_count);
-}
-
-jit_block *
-jit_block::idom_intersect (jit_block *i, jit_block *j)
-{
-  while (i && j && i != j)
-    {
-      while (i && i->id () > j->id ())
-        i = i->idom;
-
-      while (i && j && j->id () > i->id ())
-        j = j->idom;
-    }
+  llvm::TerminatorInst *
+  jit_terminator::to_llvm (void) const
+  {
+    return llvm::cast<llvm::TerminatorInst> (jit_value::to_llvm ());
+  }
 
-  return i ? i : j;
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_phi_incomming --------------------
-
-jit_block *
-jit_phi_incomming::user_parent (void) const
-{ return muser->parent (); }
-
-// -------------------- jit_phi --------------------
-bool
-jit_phi::prune (void)
-{
-  jit_block *p = parent ();
-  size_t new_idx = 0;
-  jit_value *unique = argument (1);
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      jit_block *inc = incomming (i);
-      if (inc->branch_alive (p))
-        {
-          if (unique != argument (i))
-            unique = 0;
-
-          if (new_idx != i)
-            {
-              stash_argument (new_idx, argument (i));
-              mincomming[new_idx].stash_value (inc);
-            }
-
-          ++new_idx;
-        }
-    }
+  // -------------------- jit_call --------------------
+  bool
+  jit_call::needs_release (void) const
+  {
+    if (type () && jit_typeinfo::get_release (type ()).valid ())
+      {
+        for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+          {
+            jit_assign *assign = dynamic_cast<jit_assign *> (use->user ());
+            if (assign && assign->artificial ())
+              return false;
+          }
 
-  if (new_idx != argument_count ())
-    {
-      resize_arguments (new_idx);
-      mincomming.resize (new_idx);
-    }
-
-  assert (argument_count () > 0);
-  if (unique)
-    {
-      replace_with (unique);
-      return true;
-    }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-bool
-jit_phi::infer (void)
-{
-  jit_block *p = parent ();
-  if (! p->alive ())
+        return true;
+      }
     return false;
-
-  jit_type *infered = nullptr;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      jit_block *inc = incomming (i);
-      if (inc->branch_alive (p))
-        infered = jit_typeinfo::join (infered, argument_type (i));
-    }
+  }
 
-  if (infered != type ())
-    {
-      stash_type (infered);
-      return true;
-    }
-
-  return false;
-}
-
-llvm::PHINode *
-jit_phi::to_llvm (void) const
-{
-  return llvm::cast<llvm::PHINode> (jit_value::to_llvm ());
-}
+  bool
+  jit_call::infer (void)
+  {
+    // FIXME: explain algorithm
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        already_infered[i] = argument_type (i);
+        if (! already_infered[i])
+          return false;
+      }
 
-// -------------------- jit_terminator --------------------
-size_t
-jit_terminator::successor_index (const jit_block *asuccessor) const
-{
-  size_t scount = successor_count ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < scount; ++i)
-    if (successor (i) == asuccessor)
-      return i;
-
-  panic_impossible ();
-}
+    jit_type *infered = moperation.result (already_infered);
+    if (! infered && use_count ())
+      {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "Missing overload in type inference for ";
+        print (ss, 0);
+        throw jit_fail_exception (ss.str ());
+      }
 
-bool
-jit_terminator::infer (void)
-{
-  if (! parent ()->alive ())
-    return false;
-
-  bool changed = false;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < malive.size (); ++i)
-    if (! malive[i] && check_alive (i))
+    if (infered != type ())
       {
-        changed = true;
-        malive[i] = true;
-        successor (i)->mark_alive ();
+        stash_type (infered);
+        return true;
       }
 
-  return changed;
-}
-
-llvm::TerminatorInst *
-jit_terminator::to_llvm (void) const
-{
-  return llvm::cast<llvm::TerminatorInst> (jit_value::to_llvm ());
-}
+    return false;
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_call --------------------
-bool
-jit_call::needs_release (void) const
-{
-  if (type () && jit_typeinfo::get_release (type ()).valid ())
-    {
-      for (jit_use *use = first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-        {
-          jit_assign *assign = dynamic_cast<jit_assign *> (use->user ());
-          if (assign && assign->artificial ())
-            return false;
-        }
+  // -------------------- jit_error_check --------------------
+  std::string
+  jit_error_check::variable_to_string (variable v)
+  {
+    switch (v)
+      {
+      case var_error_state:
+        return "error_state";
+      case var_interrupt:
+        return "interrupt";
+      default:
+        panic_impossible ();
+      }
+  }
 
-      return true;
-    }
-  return false;
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_error_check::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
+  {
+    print_indent (os, indent) << "error_check " << variable_to_string (mvariable)
+                              << ", ";
 
-bool
-jit_call::infer (void)
-{
-  // FIXME: explain algorithm
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      already_infered[i] = argument_type (i);
-      if (! already_infered[i])
-        return false;
-    }
-
-  jit_type *infered = moperation.result (already_infered);
-  if (! infered && use_count ())
-    {
-      std::stringstream ss;
-      ss << "Missing overload in type inference for ";
-      print (ss, 0);
-      throw jit_fail_exception (ss.str ());
-    }
+    if (has_check_for ())
+      os << "<for> " << *check_for () << ", ";
+    print_successor (os << "<normal> ", 1) << ", ";
+    return print_successor (os << "<error> ", 0);
+  }
 
-  if (infered != type ())
-    {
-      stash_type (infered);
-      return true;
-    }
-
-  return false;
-}
+  // -------------------- jit_magic_end --------------------
+  jit_magic_end::context::context (jit_factory& factory, jit_value *avalue,
+                                   size_t aindex, size_t acount)
+    : value (avalue), index (factory.create<jit_const_index> (aindex)),
+      count (factory.create<jit_const_index> (acount))
+  { }
 
-// -------------------- jit_error_check --------------------
-std::string
-jit_error_check::variable_to_string (variable v)
-{
-  switch (v)
-    {
-    case var_error_state:
-      return "error_state";
-    case var_interrupt:
-      return "interrupt";
-    default:
-      panic_impossible ();
-    }
-}
+  jit_magic_end::jit_magic_end (const std::vector<context>& full_context)
+    : contexts (full_context)
+  {
+    resize_arguments (contexts.size ());
+
+    size_t i;
+    std::vector<context>::const_iterator iter;
+    for (iter = contexts.begin (), i = 0; iter != contexts.end (); ++iter, ++i)
+      stash_argument (i, iter->value);
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_error_check::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
-{
-  print_indent (os, indent) << "error_check " << variable_to_string (mvariable)
-                            << ", ";
-
-  if (has_check_for ())
-    os << "<for> " << *check_for () << ", ";
-  print_successor (os << "<normal> ", 1) << ", ";
-  return print_successor (os << "<error> ", 0);
-}
+  jit_magic_end::context
+  jit_magic_end::resolve_context (void) const
+  {
+    size_t idx;
+    for (idx = 0; idx < contexts.size (); ++idx)
+      {
+        jit_type *ctx_type = contexts[idx].value->type ();
+        if (! ctx_type || ctx_type->skip_paren ())
+          break;
+      }
 
-// -------------------- jit_magic_end --------------------
-jit_magic_end::context::context (jit_factory& factory, jit_value *avalue,
-                                 size_t aindex, size_t acount)
-  : value (avalue), index (factory.create<jit_const_index> (aindex)),
-    count (factory.create<jit_const_index> (acount))
-{ }
+    if (idx >= contexts.size ())
+      idx = 0;
 
-jit_magic_end::jit_magic_end (const std::vector<context>& full_context)
-  : contexts (full_context)
-{
-  resize_arguments (contexts.size ());
-
-  size_t i;
-  std::vector<context>::const_iterator iter;
-  for (iter = contexts.begin (), i = 0; iter != contexts.end (); ++iter, ++i)
-    stash_argument (i, iter->value);
-}
+    context ret = contexts[idx];
+    ret.value = argument (idx);
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-jit_magic_end::context
-jit_magic_end::resolve_context (void) const
-{
-  size_t idx;
-  for (idx = 0; idx < contexts.size (); ++idx)
-    {
-      jit_type *ctx_type = contexts[idx].value->type ();
-      if (! ctx_type || ctx_type->skip_paren ())
-        break;
-    }
+  bool
+  jit_magic_end::infer (void)
+  {
+    jit_type *new_type = overload ().result ();
+    if (new_type != type ())
+      {
+        stash_type (new_type);
+        return true;
+      }
 
-  if (idx >= contexts.size ())
-    idx = 0;
-
-  context ret = contexts[idx];
-  ret.value = argument (idx);
-  return ret;
-}
+    return false;
+  }
 
-bool
-jit_magic_end::infer (void)
-{
-  jit_type *new_type = overload ().result ();
-  if (new_type != type ())
-    {
-      stash_type (new_type);
-      return true;
-    }
-
-  return false;
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  jit_magic_end::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
+  {
+    context ctx = resolve_context ();
+    short_print (print_indent (os, indent)) << " (" << *ctx.value << ", ";
+    return os << *ctx.index << ", " << *ctx.count << ')';
+  }
 
-std::ostream&
-jit_magic_end::print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent) const
-{
-  context ctx = resolve_context ();
-  short_print (print_indent (os, indent)) << " (" << *ctx.value << ", ";
-  return os << *ctx.index << ", " << *ctx.count << ')';
-}
+  const jit_function&
+  jit_magic_end::overload () const
+  {
+    const context& ctx = resolve_context ();
+    return jit_typeinfo::end (ctx.value, ctx.index, ctx.count);
+  }
 
-const jit_function&
-jit_magic_end::overload () const
-{
-  const context& ctx = resolve_context ();
-  return jit_typeinfo::end (ctx.value, ctx.index, ctx.count);
 }
 
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-ir.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -35,9 +35,12 @@
 
 #include "jit-typeinfo.h"
 
-// The low level octave jit ir
-// this ir is close to llvm, but contains information for doing type inference.
-// We convert the octave parse tree to this IR directly.
+namespace octave
+{
+
+  // The low level octave jit ir
+  // this ir is close to llvm, but contains information for doing type inference.
+  // We convert the octave parse tree to this IR directly.
 
 #define JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE                 \
   JIT_METH(block);                              \
@@ -66,1347 +69,1349 @@
   JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE                       \
   JIT_VISIT_IR_CONST
 
-// forward declare all ir classes
+  // forward declare all ir classes
 #define JIT_METH(cname)                         \
   class jit_ ## cname;
 
-JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE
+  JIT_VISIT_IR_NOTEMPLATE
 
 #undef JIT_METH
 
-// ABCs which aren't included in JIT_VISIT_IR_ALL
-class jit_instruction;
-class jit_terminator;
+  // ABCs which aren't included in JIT_VISIT_IR_ALL
+  class jit_instruction;
+  class jit_terminator;
 
-template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T = T,
-          bool QUOTE=false>
-class jit_const;
+  template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T = T,
+            bool QUOTE=false>
+  class jit_const;
 
-typedef jit_const<bool, jit_typeinfo::get_bool> jit_const_bool;
-typedef jit_const<double, jit_typeinfo::get_scalar> jit_const_scalar;
-typedef jit_const<Complex, jit_typeinfo::get_complex> jit_const_complex;
-typedef jit_const<octave_idx_type, jit_typeinfo::get_index> jit_const_index;
+  typedef jit_const<bool, jit_typeinfo::get_bool> jit_const_bool;
+  typedef jit_const<double, jit_typeinfo::get_scalar> jit_const_scalar;
+  typedef jit_const<Complex, jit_typeinfo::get_complex> jit_const_complex;
+  typedef jit_const<octave_idx_type, jit_typeinfo::get_index> jit_const_index;
 
-typedef jit_const<std::string, jit_typeinfo::get_string, const std::string&,
-                  true> jit_const_string;
-typedef jit_const<jit_range, jit_typeinfo::get_range, const jit_range&>
-jit_const_range;
+  typedef jit_const<std::string, jit_typeinfo::get_string, const std::string&,
+                    true> jit_const_string;
+  typedef jit_const<jit_range, jit_typeinfo::get_range, const jit_range&>
+  jit_const_range;
 
-class jit_ir_walker;
-class jit_use;
+  class jit_ir_walker;
+  class jit_use;
 
-// Creates and tracks memory for jit_value and subclasses.
-// Memory managment is simple, all values that are created live as long as the
-// factory.
-class
-jit_factory
-{
-  typedef std::list<jit_value *> value_list;
+  // Creates and tracks memory for jit_value and subclasses.
+  // Memory managment is simple, all values that are created live as long as the
+  // factory.
+  class
+  jit_factory
+  {
+    typedef std::list<jit_value *> value_list;
 
-public:
+  public:
 
-  ~jit_factory (void);
+    ~jit_factory (void);
 
-  const value_list& constants (void) const { return mconstants; }
+    const value_list& constants (void) const { return mconstants; }
 
-  template <typename T, typename ...Args>
-  T * create (const Args&... args)
-  {
-    T *ret = new T (args...);
-    track_value (ret);
-    return ret;
-  }
+    template <typename T, typename ...Args>
+    T * create (const Args&... args)
+    {
+      T *ret = new T (args...);
+      track_value (ret);
+      return ret;
+    }
 
-private:
+  private:
 
-  void track_value (jit_value *v);
+    void track_value (jit_value *v);
 
-  value_list all_values;
+    value_list all_values;
 
-  value_list mconstants;
-};
+    value_list mconstants;
+  };
 
-// A list of basic blocks (jit_block) which form some body of code.
-//
-// We do not directly inherit from std::list because we need to update the
-// blocks stashed location in push_back and insert.
-class
-jit_block_list
-{
-public:
-  typedef std::list<jit_block *>::iterator iterator;
-  typedef std::list<jit_block *>::const_iterator const_iterator;
+  // A list of basic blocks (jit_block) which form some body of code.
+  //
+  // We do not directly inherit from std::list because we need to update the
+  // blocks stashed location in push_back and insert.
+  class
+  jit_block_list
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef std::list<jit_block *>::iterator iterator;
+    typedef std::list<jit_block *>::const_iterator const_iterator;
 
-  jit_block * back (void) const { return mlist.back (); }
+    jit_block * back (void) const { return mlist.back (); }
 
-  iterator begin (void) { return mlist.begin (); }
+    iterator begin (void) { return mlist.begin (); }
 
-  const_iterator begin (void) const { return mlist.begin (); }
+    const_iterator begin (void) const { return mlist.begin (); }
 
-  iterator end (void)  { return mlist.end (); }
+    iterator end (void)  { return mlist.end (); }
 
-  const_iterator end (void) const  { return mlist.end (); }
+    const_iterator end (void) const  { return mlist.end (); }
 
-  iterator erase (iterator iter) { return mlist.erase (iter); }
+    iterator erase (iterator iter) { return mlist.erase (iter); }
 
-  jit_block * front (void) const { return mlist.front (); }
+    jit_block * front (void) const { return mlist.front (); }
 
-  void insert_after (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock);
+    void insert_after (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock);
 
-  void insert_after (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock);
+    void insert_after (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock);
 
-  void insert_before (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock);
+    void insert_before (iterator iter, jit_block *ablock);
 
-  void insert_before (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock);
+    void insert_before (jit_block *loc, jit_block *ablock);
 
-  void label (void);
+    void label (void);
 
-  std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, const std::string& header) const;
+    std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, const std::string& header) const;
 
-  std::ostream& print_dom (std::ostream& os) const;
+    std::ostream& print_dom (std::ostream& os) const;
 
-  void push_back (jit_block *b);
-private:
-  std::list<jit_block *> mlist;
-};
+    void push_back (jit_block *b);
+  private:
+    std::list<jit_block *> mlist;
+  };
 
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const jit_block_list& blocks);
+  std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const jit_block_list& blocks);
 
-class
-jit_value : public jit_internal_list<jit_value, jit_use>
-{
-public:
-  jit_value (void) : llvm_value (0), ty (0), mlast_use (0),
-                     min_worklist (false) { }
+  class
+  jit_value : public jit_internal_list<jit_value, jit_use>
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_value (void) : llvm_value (0), ty (0), mlast_use (0),
+                       min_worklist (false) { }
 
-  virtual ~jit_value (void);
+    virtual ~jit_value (void);
 
-  bool in_worklist (void) const
-  {
-    return min_worklist;
-  }
+    bool in_worklist (void) const
+    {
+      return min_worklist;
+    }
 
-  void stash_in_worklist (bool ain_worklist)
-  {
-    min_worklist = ain_worklist;
-  }
+    void stash_in_worklist (bool ain_worklist)
+    {
+      min_worklist = ain_worklist;
+    }
 
-  // The block of the first use which is not a jit_error_check
-  // So this is not necessarily first_use ()->parent ().
-  jit_block * first_use_block (void);
+    // The block of the first use which is not a jit_error_check
+    // So this is not necessarily first_use ()->parent ().
+    jit_block * first_use_block (void);
 
-  // replace all uses with
-  virtual void replace_with (jit_value *value);
+    // replace all uses with
+    virtual void replace_with (jit_value *value);
 
-  jit_type * type (void) const { return ty; }
+    jit_type * type (void) const { return ty; }
 
-  llvm::Type * type_llvm (void) const
-  {
-    return ty ? ty->to_llvm () : nullptr;
-  }
+    llvm::Type * type_llvm (void) const
+    {
+      return ty ? ty->to_llvm () : nullptr;
+    }
 
-  const std::string& type_name (void) const
-  {
-    return ty->name ();
-  }
+    const std::string& type_name (void) const
+    {
+      return ty->name ();
+    }
 
-  void stash_type (jit_type *new_ty) { ty = new_ty; }
+    void stash_type (jit_type *new_ty) { ty = new_ty; }
 
-  std::string print_string (void)
-  {
-    std::stringstream ss;
-    print (ss);
-    return ss.str ();
-  }
+    std::string print_string (void)
+    {
+      std::stringstream ss;
+      print (ss);
+      return ss.str ();
+    }
 
-  jit_instruction * last_use (void) const { return mlast_use; }
+    jit_instruction * last_use (void) const { return mlast_use; }
 
-  void stash_last_use (jit_instruction *alast_use)
-  {
-    mlast_use = alast_use;
-  }
+    void stash_last_use (jit_instruction *alast_use)
+    {
+      mlast_use = alast_use;
+    }
 
-  virtual bool needs_release (void) const { return false; }
+    virtual bool needs_release (void) const { return false; }
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const = 0;
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const = 0;
 
-  virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
-  { return print (os); }
+    virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
+    { return print (os); }
 
-  virtual void accept (jit_ir_walker& walker) = 0;
+    virtual void accept (jit_ir_walker& walker) = 0;
 
-  bool has_llvm (void) const
-  {
-    return llvm_value;
-  }
+    bool has_llvm (void) const
+    {
+      return llvm_value;
+    }
 
-  llvm::Value * to_llvm (void) const
-  {
-    assert (llvm_value);
-    return llvm_value;
-  }
+    llvm::Value * to_llvm (void) const
+    {
+      assert (llvm_value);
+      return llvm_value;
+    }
 
-  void stash_llvm (llvm::Value *compiled)
-  {
-    llvm_value = compiled;
-  }
+    void stash_llvm (llvm::Value *compiled)
+    {
+      llvm_value = compiled;
+    }
 
-protected:
-  std::ostream& print_indent (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < indent * 8; ++i)
-      os << ' ';
-    return os;
-  }
+  protected:
+    std::ostream& print_indent (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < indent * 8; ++i)
+        os << ' ';
+      return os;
+    }
 
-  llvm::Value *llvm_value;
-private:
-  jit_type *ty;
-  jit_instruction *mlast_use;
-  bool min_worklist;
-};
+    llvm::Value *llvm_value;
+  private:
+    jit_type *ty;
+    jit_instruction *mlast_use;
+    bool min_worklist;
+  };
 
-std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_value& value);
-std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_value *avalue);
+  std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_value& value);
+  std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_value *avalue);
 
-class
-jit_use : public jit_internal_node<jit_value, jit_use>
-{
-public:
-  // some compilers don't allow us to use jit_internal_node without template
-  // paremeters
-  typedef jit_internal_node<jit_value, jit_use> PARENT_T;
-
-  jit_use (void) : muser (0), mindex (0) { }
+  class
+  jit_use : public jit_internal_node<jit_value, jit_use>
+  {
+  public:
+    // some compilers don't allow us to use jit_internal_node without template
+    // paremeters
+    typedef jit_internal_node<jit_value, jit_use> PARENT_T;
 
-  // we should really have a move operator, but not until c++11 :(
-  jit_use (const jit_use& use) : muser (0), mindex (0)
-  {
-    *this = use;
-  }
-
-  jit_use& operator= (const jit_use& use)
-  {
-    stash_value (use.value (), use.user (), use.index ());
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  size_t index (void) const { return mindex; }
+    jit_use (void) : muser (0), mindex (0) { }
 
-  jit_instruction * user (void) const { return muser; }
-
-  jit_block * user_parent (void) const;
-
-  std::list<jit_block *> user_parent_location (void) const;
+    // we should really have a move operator, but not until c++11 :(
+    jit_use (const jit_use& use) : muser (0), mindex (0)
+    {
+      *this = use;
+    }
 
-  void stash_value (jit_value *avalue, jit_instruction *auser = nullptr,
-                    size_t aindex = -1)
-  {
-    PARENT_T::stash_value (avalue);
-    mindex = aindex;
-    muser = auser;
-  }
-private:
-  jit_instruction *muser;
-  size_t mindex;
-};
-
-class
-jit_instruction : public jit_value
-{
-public:
-  // FIXME: this code could be so much pretier with varadic templates...
-  jit_instruction (void) : mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
-  { }
+    jit_use& operator= (const jit_use& use)
+    {
+      stash_value (use.value (), use.user (), use.index ());
+      return *this;
+    }
 
-  jit_instruction (size_t nargs) : mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
-  {
-    already_infered.reserve (nargs);
-    marguments.reserve (nargs);
-  }
+    size_t index (void) const { return mindex; }
+
+    jit_instruction * user (void) const { return muser; }
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_instruction (jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
-    : already_infered (1 + sizeof... (other_args)),
-      marguments (1 + sizeof... (other_args)),
-      mid (next_id ()), mparent (nullptr)
-  {
-    stash_argument (0, arg1, other_args...);
-  }
+    jit_block * user_parent (void) const;
 
-  jit_instruction (const std::vector<jit_value *>& aarguments)
-    : already_infered (aarguments.size ()), marguments (aarguments.size ()),
-      mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
-  {
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < aarguments.size (); ++i)
-      stash_argument (i, aarguments[i]);
-  }
+    std::list<jit_block *> user_parent_location (void) const;
 
-  static void reset_ids (void)
-  {
-    next_id (true);
-  }
-
-  jit_value * argument (size_t i) const
-  {
-    return marguments[i].value ();
-  }
+    void stash_value (jit_value *avalue, jit_instruction *auser = nullptr,
+                      size_t aindex = -1)
+    {
+      PARENT_T::stash_value (avalue);
+      mindex = aindex;
+      muser = auser;
+    }
+  private:
+    jit_instruction *muser;
+    size_t mindex;
+  };
 
-  llvm::Value * argument_llvm (size_t i) const
-  {
-    assert (argument (i));
-    return argument (i)->to_llvm ();
-  }
-
-  jit_type * argument_type (size_t i) const
-  {
-    return argument (i)->type ();
-  }
-
-  llvm::Type * argument_type_llvm (size_t i) const
-  {
-    assert (argument (i));
-    return argument_type (i)->to_llvm ();
-  }
-
-  std::ostream& print_argument (std::ostream& os, size_t i) const
+  class
+  jit_instruction : public jit_value
   {
-    if (argument (i))
-      return argument (i)->short_print (os);
-    else
-      return os << "NULL";
-  }
+  public:
+    // FIXME: this code could be so much pretier with varadic templates...
+    jit_instruction (void) : mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
+    { }
 
-  void stash_argument (size_t i, jit_value * arg)
-  {
-    marguments[i].stash_value (arg, this, i);
-  }
+    jit_instruction (size_t nargs) : mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
+    {
+      already_infered.reserve (nargs);
+      marguments.reserve (nargs);
+    }
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  void stash_argument (size_t i, jit_value * arg1, Args... aargs)
-  {
-    marguments[i].stash_value (arg1, this, i);
-    stash_argument (++i, aargs...);
-  }
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_instruction (jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
+      : already_infered (1 + sizeof... (other_args)),
+        marguments (1 + sizeof... (other_args)),
+        mid (next_id ()), mparent (nullptr)
+    {
+      stash_argument (0, arg1, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  void push_argument (jit_value *arg)
-  {
-    marguments.push_back (jit_use ());
-    stash_argument (marguments.size () - 1, arg);
-    already_infered.push_back (0);
-  }
+    jit_instruction (const std::vector<jit_value *>& aarguments)
+      : already_infered (aarguments.size ()), marguments (aarguments.size ()),
+        mid (next_id ()), mparent (0)
+    {
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < aarguments.size (); ++i)
+        stash_argument (i, aarguments[i]);
+    }
+
+    static void reset_ids (void)
+    {
+      next_id (true);
+    }
 
-  size_t argument_count (void) const
-  {
-    return marguments.size ();
-  }
+    jit_value * argument (size_t i) const
+    {
+      return marguments[i].value ();
+    }
 
-  void resize_arguments (size_t acount, jit_value *adefault = nullptr)
-  {
-    size_t old = marguments.size ();
-    marguments.resize (acount);
-    already_infered.resize (acount);
+    llvm::Value * argument_llvm (size_t i) const
+    {
+      assert (argument (i));
+      return argument (i)->to_llvm ();
+    }
+
+    jit_type * argument_type (size_t i) const
+    {
+      return argument (i)->type ();
+    }
 
-    if (adefault)
-      for (size_t i = old; i < acount; ++i)
-        stash_argument (i, adefault);
-  }
-
-  const std::vector<jit_use>& arguments (void) const { return marguments; }
+    llvm::Type * argument_type_llvm (size_t i) const
+    {
+      assert (argument (i));
+      return argument_type (i)->to_llvm ();
+    }
 
-  // argument types which have been infered already
-  const std::vector<jit_type *>& argument_types (void) const
-  { return already_infered; }
+    std::ostream& print_argument (std::ostream& os, size_t i) const
+    {
+      if (argument (i))
+        return argument (i)->short_print (os);
+      else
+        return os << "NULL";
+    }
 
-  virtual void push_variable (void) { }
+    void stash_argument (size_t i, jit_value * arg)
+    {
+      marguments[i].stash_value (arg, this, i);
+    }
 
-  virtual void pop_variable (void) { }
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    void stash_argument (size_t i, jit_value * arg1, Args... aargs)
+    {
+      marguments[i].stash_value (arg1, this, i);
+      stash_argument (++i, aargs...);
+    }
 
-  virtual void construct_ssa (void)
-  {
-    do_construct_ssa (0, argument_count ());
-  }
+    void push_argument (jit_value *arg)
+    {
+      marguments.push_back (jit_use ());
+      stash_argument (marguments.size () - 1, arg);
+      already_infered.push_back (0);
+    }
 
-  virtual bool infer (void) { return false; }
+    size_t argument_count (void) const
+    {
+      return marguments.size ();
+    }
 
-  void remove (void);
+    void resize_arguments (size_t acount, jit_value *adefault = nullptr)
+    {
+      size_t old = marguments.size ();
+      marguments.resize (acount);
+      already_infered.resize (acount);
 
-  virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const;
+      if (adefault)
+        for (size_t i = old; i < acount; ++i)
+          stash_argument (i, adefault);
+    }
 
-  jit_block * parent (void) const { return mparent; }
+    const std::vector<jit_use>& arguments (void) const { return marguments; }
+
+    // argument types which have been infered already
+    const std::vector<jit_type *>& argument_types (void) const
+    { return already_infered; }
 
-  std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator location (void) const
-  {
-    return mlocation;
-  }
+    virtual void push_variable (void) { }
+
+    virtual void pop_variable (void) { }
 
-  llvm::BasicBlock * parent_llvm (void) const;
+    virtual void construct_ssa (void)
+    {
+      do_construct_ssa (0, argument_count ());
+    }
+
+    virtual bool infer (void) { return false; }
+
+    void remove (void);
 
-  void stash_parent (jit_block *aparent,
-                     std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator alocation)
-  {
-    mparent = aparent;
-    mlocation = alocation;
-  }
+    virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const;
+
+    jit_block * parent (void) const { return mparent; }
+
+    std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator location (void) const
+    {
+      return mlocation;
+    }
 
-  size_t id (void) const { return mid; }
-protected:
+    llvm::BasicBlock * parent_llvm (void) const;
 
-  // Do SSA replacement on arguments in [start, end)
-  void do_construct_ssa (size_t start, size_t end);
+    void stash_parent (jit_block *aparent,
+                       std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator alocation)
+    {
+      mparent = aparent;
+      mlocation = alocation;
+    }
+
+    size_t id (void) const { return mid; }
+  protected:
 
-  std::vector<jit_type *> already_infered;
-private:
-  static size_t next_id (bool reset = false)
-  {
-    static size_t ret = 0;
-    if (reset)
-      return ret = 0;
+    // Do SSA replacement on arguments in [start, end)
+    void do_construct_ssa (size_t start, size_t end);
+
+    std::vector<jit_type *> already_infered;
+  private:
+    static size_t next_id (bool reset = false)
+    {
+      static size_t ret = 0;
+      if (reset)
+        return ret = 0;
 
-    return ret++;
-  }
+      return ret++;
+    }
 
-  std::vector<jit_use> marguments;
+    std::vector<jit_use> marguments;
 
-  size_t mid;
-  jit_block *mparent;
-  std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator mlocation;
-};
+    size_t mid;
+    jit_block *mparent;
+    std::list<jit_instruction *>::iterator mlocation;
+  };
 
-// defnie accept methods for subclasses
+  // defnie accept methods for subclasses
 #define JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT                        \
   virtual void accept (jit_ir_walker& walker);
 
-// for use as a dummy argument during conversion to LLVM
-class
-jit_argument : public jit_value
-{
-public:
-  jit_argument (jit_type *atype, llvm::Value *avalue)
+  // for use as a dummy argument during conversion to LLVM
+  class
+  jit_argument : public jit_value
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_argument (jit_type *atype, llvm::Value *avalue)
+    {
+      stash_type (atype);
+      stash_llvm (avalue);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent);
+      return jit_print (os, type ()) << ": DUMMY";
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  };
+
+  template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T, bool QUOTE>
+  class
+  jit_const : public jit_value
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef PASS_T pass_t;
+
+    jit_const (PASS_T avalue) : mvalue (avalue)
+    {
+      stash_type (EXTRACT_T ());
+    }
+
+    PASS_T value (void) const { return mvalue; }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent);
+      jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
+      if (QUOTE)
+        os << '"';
+      os << mvalue;
+      if (QUOTE)
+        os << '"';
+      return os;
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    T mvalue;
+  };
+
+  class jit_phi_incomming;
+
+  class
+  jit_block : public jit_value, public jit_internal_list<jit_block,
+                                                         jit_phi_incomming>
   {
-    stash_type (atype);
-    stash_llvm (avalue);
-  }
+    typedef jit_internal_list<jit_block, jit_phi_incomming> ILIST_T;
+  public:
+    typedef std::list<jit_instruction *> instruction_list;
+    typedef instruction_list::iterator iterator;
+    typedef instruction_list::const_iterator const_iterator;
+
+    typedef std::set<jit_block *> df_set;
+    typedef df_set::const_iterator df_iterator;
+
+    static const size_t NO_ID = static_cast<size_t> (-1);
+
+    jit_block (const std::string& aname, size_t avisit_count = 0)
+      : mvisit_count (avisit_count), mid (NO_ID), idom (0), mname (aname),
+        malive (false)
+    { }
+
+    virtual void replace_with (jit_value *value);
+
+    void replace_in_phi (jit_block *ablock, jit_block *with);
+
+    // we have a new internal list, but we want to stay compatible with jit_value
+    jit_use * first_use (void) const { return jit_value::first_use (); }
+
+    size_t use_count (void) const { return jit_value::use_count (); }
+
+    // if a block is alive, then it might be visited during execution
+    bool alive (void) const { return malive; }
+
+    void mark_alive (void) { malive = true; }
+
+    // If we can merge with a successor, do so and return the now empty block
+    jit_block * maybe_merge ();
+
+    // merge another block into this block, leaving the merge block empty
+    void merge (jit_block& merge);
+
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
+
+    jit_instruction * prepend (jit_instruction *instr);
+
+    jit_instruction * prepend_after_phi (jit_instruction *instr);
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent);
-    return jit_print (os, type ()) << ": DUMMY";
-  }
+    template <typename T>
+    T * append (T *instr)
+    {
+      internal_append (instr);
+      return instr;
+    }
+
+    jit_instruction * insert_before (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr);
+
+    jit_instruction * insert_before (jit_instruction *loc, jit_instruction *instr)
+    {
+      return insert_before (loc->location (), instr);
+    }
+
+    jit_instruction * insert_after (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr);
+
+    jit_instruction * insert_after (jit_instruction *loc, jit_instruction *instr)
+    {
+      return insert_after (loc->location (), instr);
+    }
+
+    iterator remove (iterator iter)
+    {
+      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+      iter = instructions.erase (iter);
+      instr->stash_parent (0, instructions.end ());
+      return iter;
+    }
+
+    jit_terminator * terminator (void) const;
+
+    // is the jump from pred alive?
+    bool branch_alive (jit_block *asucc) const;
+
+    jit_block * successor (size_t i) const;
+
+    size_t successor_count (void) const;
+
+    iterator begin (void) { return instructions.begin (); }
+
+    const_iterator begin (void) const { return instructions.begin (); }
+
+    iterator end (void) { return instructions.end (); }
+
+    const_iterator end (void) const { return instructions.end (); }
+
+    iterator phi_begin (void);
+
+    iterator phi_end (void);
+
+    iterator nonphi_begin (void);
+
+    // must label before id is valid
+    size_t id (void) const { return mid; }
 
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-};
+    // dominance frontier
+    const df_set& df (void) const { return mdf; }
+
+    df_iterator df_begin (void) const { return mdf.begin (); }
+
+    df_iterator df_end (void) const { return mdf.end (); }
+
+    // label with a RPO walk
+    void label (void)
+    {
+      size_t number = 0;
+      label (mvisit_count, number);
+    }
+
+    void label (size_t avisit_count, size_t& number);
+
+    // See for idom computation algorithm
+    // Cooper, Keith D.; Harvey, Timothy J; and Kennedy, Ken (2001).
+    // "A Simple, Fast Dominance Algorithm"
+    void compute_idom (jit_block& entry_block)
+    {
+      bool changed;
+      entry_block.idom = &entry_block;
+      do
+        changed = update_idom (mvisit_count);
+      while (changed);
+    }
+
+    // compute dominance frontier
+    void compute_df (void)
+    {
+      compute_df (mvisit_count);
+    }
+
+    void create_dom_tree (void)
+    {
+      create_dom_tree (mvisit_count);
+    }
+
+    jit_block * dom_successor (size_t idx) const
+    {
+      return dom_succ[idx];
+    }
+
+    size_t dom_successor_count (void) const
+    {
+      return dom_succ.size ();
+    }
+
+    // call pop_varaible on all instructions
+    void pop_all (void);
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
+
+    jit_block * maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
+                             jit_block *asuccessor);
+
+    jit_block * maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
+                             jit_block& asuccessor)
+    {
+      return maybe_split (factory, blocks, &asuccessor);
+    }
+
+    // print dominator infomration
+    std::ostream& print_dom (std::ostream& os) const;
+
+    virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
+    {
+      os << mname;
+      if (mid != NO_ID)
+        os << mid;
+      else
+        os << '!';
+      return os;
+    }
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock * to_llvm (void) const;
 
-template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T, bool QUOTE>
-class
-jit_const : public jit_value
-{
-public:
-  typedef PASS_T pass_t;
+    std::list<jit_block *>::iterator location (void) const
+    { return mlocation; }
+
+    void stash_location (std::list<jit_block *>::iterator alocation)
+    { mlocation = alocation; }
+
+    // used to prevent visiting the same node twice in the graph
+    size_t visit_count (void) const { return mvisit_count; }
+
+    // check if this node has been visited yet at the given visit count.
+    // If we have not been visited yet, mark us as visited.
+    bool visited (size_t avisit_count)
+    {
+      if (mvisit_count <= avisit_count)
+        {
+          mvisit_count = avisit_count + 1;
+          return false;
+        }
+
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    jit_instruction * front (void) { return instructions.front (); }
+
+    jit_instruction * back (void) { return instructions.back (); }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    void internal_append (jit_instruction *instr);
+
+    void compute_df (size_t avisit_count);
+
+    bool update_idom (size_t avisit_count);
+
+    void create_dom_tree (size_t avisit_count);
+
+    static jit_block * idom_intersect (jit_block *i, jit_block *j);
 
-  jit_const (PASS_T avalue) : mvalue (avalue)
+    size_t mvisit_count;
+    size_t mid;
+    jit_block *idom;
+    df_set mdf;
+    std::vector<jit_block *> dom_succ;
+    std::string mname;
+    instruction_list instructions;
+    bool malive;
+    std::list<jit_block *>::iterator mlocation;
+  };
+
+  // keeps track of phi functions that use a block on incomming edges
+  class
+  jit_phi_incomming : public jit_internal_node<jit_block, jit_phi_incomming>
   {
-    stash_type (EXTRACT_T ());
-  }
+  public:
+    jit_phi_incomming (void) : muser (0) { }
+
+    jit_phi_incomming (jit_phi *auser) : muser (auser) { }
+
+    jit_phi_incomming (const jit_phi_incomming& use)
+    {
+      *this = use;
+    }
 
-  PASS_T value (void) const { return mvalue; }
+    jit_phi_incomming& operator= (const jit_phi_incomming& use)
+    {
+      stash_value (use.value ());
+      muser = use.muser;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    jit_phi * user (void) const { return muser; }
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    jit_block * user_parent (void) const;
+  private:
+    jit_phi *muser;
+  };
+
+  // A non-ssa variable
+  class
+  jit_variable : public jit_value
   {
-    print_indent (os, indent);
-    jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
-    if (QUOTE)
-      os << '"';
-    os << mvalue;
-    if (QUOTE)
-      os << '"';
-    return os;
-  }
+  public:
+    jit_variable (const std::string& aname) : mname (aname), mlast_use (0) { }
+
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
+
+    // manipulate the value_stack, for use during SSA construction.  The top of
+    // the value stack represents the current value for this variable
+    bool has_top (void) const
+    {
+      return ! value_stack.empty ();
+    }
+
+    jit_value * top (void) const
+    {
+      return value_stack.top ();
+    }
+
+    void push (jit_instruction *v)
+    {
+      value_stack.push (v);
+      mlast_use = v;
+    }
+
+    void pop (void)
+    {
+      value_stack.pop ();
+    }
+
+    jit_instruction * last_use (void) const
+    {
+      return mlast_use;
+    }
+
+    void stash_last_use (jit_instruction *instr)
+    {
+      mlast_use = instr;
+    }
+
+    // blocks in which we are used
+    void use_blocks (jit_block::df_set& result)
+    {
+      jit_use *use = first_use ();
+      while (use)
+        {
+          result.insert (use->user_parent ());
+          use = use->next ();
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      return print_indent (os, indent) << mname;
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    std::string mname;
+    std::stack<jit_value *> value_stack;
+    jit_instruction *mlast_use;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_assign_base : public jit_instruction
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest) : jit_instruction (), mdest (adest) { }
+
+    jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest, size_t npred) : jit_instruction (npred),
+                                                          mdest (adest) { }
+
+    jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest, jit_value *arg0, jit_value *arg1)
+      : jit_instruction (arg0, arg1), mdest (adest) { }
+
+    jit_variable * dest (void) const { return mdest; }
+
+    virtual void push_variable (void)
+    {
+      mdest->push (this);
+    }
 
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  T mvalue;
-};
+    virtual void pop_variable (void)
+    {
+      mdest->pop ();
+    }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
+    {
+      if (type ())
+        jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
+
+      dest ()->short_print (os);
+      return os << '#' << id ();
+    }
+  private:
+    jit_variable *mdest;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_assign : public jit_assign_base
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_assign (jit_variable *adest, jit_value *asrc)
+      : jit_assign_base (adest, adest, asrc), martificial (false) { }
+
+    jit_value * overwrite (void) const
+    {
+      return argument (0);
+    }
+
+    jit_value * src (void) const
+    {
+      return argument (1);
+    }
+
+    // variables don't get modified in an SSA, but COW requires we modify
+    // variables.  An artificial assign is for when a variable gets modified.  We
+    // need an assign in the SSA, but the reference counts shouldn't be updated.
+    bool artificial (void) const { return martificial; }
+
+    void mark_artificial (void) { martificial = true; }
 
-class jit_phi_incomming;
+    virtual bool infer (void)
+    {
+      jit_type *stype = src ()->type ();
+      if (stype != type())
+        {
+          stash_type (stype);
+          return true;
+        }
+
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent) << *this << " = " << *src ();
+
+      if (artificial ())
+        os << " [artificial]";
+
+      return os;
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    bool martificial;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_phi : public jit_assign_base
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_phi (jit_variable *adest, size_t npred)
+      : jit_assign_base (adest, npred)
+    {
+      mincomming.reserve (npred);
+    }
+
+    // removes arguments form dead incomming jumps
+    bool prune (void);
+
+    void add_incomming (jit_block *from, jit_value *value)
+    {
+      push_argument (value);
+      mincomming.push_back (jit_phi_incomming (this));
+      mincomming[mincomming.size () - 1].stash_value (from);
+    }
 
-class
-jit_block : public jit_value, public jit_internal_list<jit_block,
-                                                       jit_phi_incomming>
-{
-  typedef jit_internal_list<jit_block, jit_phi_incomming> ILIST_T;
-public:
-  typedef std::list<jit_instruction *> instruction_list;
-  typedef instruction_list::iterator iterator;
-  typedef instruction_list::const_iterator const_iterator;
+    jit_block * incomming (size_t i) const
+    {
+      return mincomming[i].value ();
+    }
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock * incomming_llvm (size_t i) const
+    {
+      return incomming (i)->to_llvm ();
+    }
+
+    virtual void construct_ssa (void) { }
+
+    virtual bool infer (void);
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      std::stringstream ss;
+      print_indent (ss, indent);
+      short_print (ss) << " phi ";
+      std::string ss_str = ss.str ();
+      std::string indent_str (ss_str.size (), ' ');
+      os << ss_str;
+
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
+        {
+          if (i > 0)
+            os << indent_str;
+          os << "| ";
+
+          os << *incomming (i) << " -> ";
+          os << *argument (i);
+
+          if (i + 1 < argument_count ())
+            os << std::endl;
+        }
+
+      return os;
+    }
+
+    llvm::PHINode * to_llvm (void) const;
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    std::vector<jit_phi_incomming> mincomming;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_terminator : public jit_instruction
+  {
+  public:
+
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_terminator (size_t asuccessor_count, Args... args)
+      : jit_instruction (args...),
+        malive (asuccessor_count, false) { }
+
+    jit_block * successor (size_t idx = 0) const
+    {
+      return static_cast<jit_block *> (argument (idx));
+    }
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock * successor_llvm (size_t idx = 0) const
+    {
+      return successor (idx)->to_llvm ();
+    }
+
+    size_t successor_index (const jit_block *asuccessor) const;
+
+    std::ostream& print_successor (std::ostream& os, size_t idx = 0) const
+    {
+      if (alive (idx))
+        os << "[live] ";
+      else
+        os << "[dead] ";
+
+      return successor (idx)->short_print (os);
+    }
+
+    // Check if the jump to successor is live
+    bool alive (const jit_block *asuccessor) const
+    {
+      return alive (successor_index (asuccessor));
+    }
+
+    bool alive (size_t idx) const { return malive[idx]; }
 
-  typedef std::set<jit_block *> df_set;
-  typedef df_set::const_iterator df_iterator;
+    bool alive (int idx) const { return malive[idx]; }
+
+    size_t successor_count (void) const { return malive.size (); }
+
+    virtual bool infer (void);
+
+    llvm::TerminatorInst * to_llvm (void) const;
+  protected:
+    virtual bool check_alive (size_t) const { return true; }
+  private:
+    std::vector<bool> malive;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_branch : public jit_terminator
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_branch (jit_block *succ) : jit_terminator (1, succ) { }
+
+    virtual size_t successor_count (void) const { return 1; }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent) << "branch: ";
+      return print_successor (os);
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_cond_branch : public jit_terminator
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_cond_branch (jit_value *c, jit_block *ctrue, jit_block *cfalse)
+      : jit_terminator (2, ctrue, cfalse, c) { }
+
+    jit_value * cond (void) const { return argument (2); }
 
-  static const size_t NO_ID = static_cast<size_t> (-1);
+    std::ostream& print_cond (std::ostream& os) const
+    {
+      return cond ()->short_print (os);
+    }
+
+    llvm::Value * cond_llvm (void) const
+    {
+      return cond ()->to_llvm ();
+    }
+
+    virtual size_t successor_count (void) const { return 2; }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent) << "cond_branch: ";
+      print_cond (os) << ", ";
+      print_successor (os, 0) << ", ";
+      return print_successor (os, 1);
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  };
 
-  jit_block (const std::string& aname, size_t avisit_count = 0)
-    : mvisit_count (avisit_count), mid (NO_ID), idom (0), mname (aname),
-      malive (false)
+  class
+  jit_call : public jit_instruction
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_call (const jit_operation& (*aoperation) (void))
+      : moperation (aoperation ())
+    {
+      const jit_function& ol = overload ();
+      if (ol.valid ())
+        stash_type (ol.result ());
+    }
+
+    jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation) : moperation (aoperation)
+    {
+      const jit_function& ol = overload ();
+      if (ol.valid ())
+        stash_type (ol.result ());
+    }
+
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation,
+              jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
+      : jit_instruction (arg1, other_args...), moperation (aoperation)
   { }
 
-  virtual void replace_with (jit_value *value);
-
-  void replace_in_phi (jit_block *ablock, jit_block *with);
-
-  // we have a new internal list, but we want to stay compatible with jit_value
-  jit_use * first_use (void) const { return jit_value::first_use (); }
-
-  size_t use_count (void) const { return jit_value::use_count (); }
-
-  // if a block is alive, then it might be visited during execution
-  bool alive (void) const { return malive; }
-
-  void mark_alive (void) { malive = true; }
-
-  // If we can merge with a successor, do so and return the now empty block
-  jit_block * maybe_merge ();
-
-  // merge another block into this block, leaving the merge block empty
-  void merge (jit_block& merge);
-
-  const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
-
-  jit_instruction * prepend (jit_instruction *instr);
-
-  jit_instruction * prepend_after_phi (jit_instruction *instr);
-
-  template <typename T>
-  T * append (T *instr)
-  {
-    internal_append (instr);
-    return instr;
-  }
-
-  jit_instruction * insert_before (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr);
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_call (const jit_operation& (*aoperation) (void),
+              jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
+      : jit_instruction (arg1, other_args...), moperation (aoperation ())
+    { }
 
-  jit_instruction * insert_before (jit_instruction *loc, jit_instruction *instr)
-  {
-    return insert_before (loc->location (), instr);
-  }
-
-  jit_instruction * insert_after (iterator loc, jit_instruction *instr);
-
-  jit_instruction * insert_after (jit_instruction *loc, jit_instruction *instr)
-  {
-    return insert_after (loc->location (), instr);
-  }
-
-  iterator remove (iterator iter)
-  {
-    jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-    iter = instructions.erase (iter);
-    instr->stash_parent (0, instructions.end ());
-    return iter;
-  }
-
-  jit_terminator * terminator (void) const;
-
-  // is the jump from pred alive?
-  bool branch_alive (jit_block *asucc) const;
-
-  jit_block * successor (size_t i) const;
-
-  size_t successor_count (void) const;
-
-  iterator begin (void) { return instructions.begin (); }
-
-  const_iterator begin (void) const { return instructions.begin (); }
-
-  iterator end (void) { return instructions.end (); }
-
-  const_iterator end (void) const { return instructions.end (); }
-
-  iterator phi_begin (void);
-
-  iterator phi_end (void);
-
-  iterator nonphi_begin (void);
+    jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation,
+              const std::vector<jit_value *>& args)
+      : jit_instruction (args), moperation (aoperation)
+    { }
 
-  // must label before id is valid
-  size_t id (void) const { return mid; }
-
-  // dominance frontier
-  const df_set& df (void) const { return mdf; }
-
-  df_iterator df_begin (void) const { return mdf.begin (); }
-
-  df_iterator df_end (void) const { return mdf.end (); }
-
-  // label with a RPO walk
-  void label (void)
-  {
-    size_t number = 0;
-    label (mvisit_count, number);
-  }
-
-  void label (size_t avisit_count, size_t& number);
-
-  // See for idom computation algorithm
-  // Cooper, Keith D.; Harvey, Timothy J; and Kennedy, Ken (2001).
-  // "A Simple, Fast Dominance Algorithm"
-  void compute_idom (jit_block& entry_block)
-  {
-    bool changed;
-    entry_block.idom = &entry_block;
-    do
-      changed = update_idom (mvisit_count);
-    while (changed);
-  }
-
-  // compute dominance frontier
-  void compute_df (void)
-  {
-    compute_df (mvisit_count);
-  }
+    const jit_operation& operation (void) const { return moperation; }
 
-  void create_dom_tree (void)
-  {
-    create_dom_tree (mvisit_count);
-  }
-
-  jit_block * dom_successor (size_t idx) const
-  {
-    return dom_succ[idx];
-  }
-
-  size_t dom_successor_count (void) const
-  {
-    return dom_succ.size ();
-  }
-
-  // call pop_varaible on all instructions
-  void pop_all (void);
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
+    bool can_error (void) const
+    {
+      return overload ().can_error ();
+    }
 
-  jit_block * maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
-                           jit_block *asuccessor);
-
-  jit_block * maybe_split (jit_factory& factory, jit_block_list& blocks,
-                           jit_block& asuccessor)
-  {
-    return maybe_split (factory, blocks, &asuccessor);
-  }
-
-  // print dominator infomration
-  std::ostream& print_dom (std::ostream& os) const;
-
-  virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
-  {
-    os << mname;
-    if (mid != NO_ID)
-      os << mid;
-    else
-      os << '!';
-    return os;
-  }
-
-  llvm::BasicBlock * to_llvm (void) const;
+    const jit_function& overload (void) const
+    {
+      return moperation.overload (argument_types ());
+    }
 
-  std::list<jit_block *>::iterator location (void) const
-  { return mlocation; }
-
-  void stash_location (std::list<jit_block *>::iterator alocation)
-  { mlocation = alocation; }
-
-  // used to prevent visiting the same node twice in the graph
-  size_t visit_count (void) const { return mvisit_count; }
-
-  // check if this node has been visited yet at the given visit count.
-  // If we have not been visited yet, mark us as visited.
-  bool visited (size_t avisit_count)
-  {
-    if (mvisit_count <= avisit_count)
-      {
-        mvisit_count = avisit_count + 1;
-        return false;
-      }
-
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  jit_instruction * front (void) { return instructions.front (); }
-
-  jit_instruction * back (void) { return instructions.back (); }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  void internal_append (jit_instruction *instr);
-
-  void compute_df (size_t avisit_count);
-
-  bool update_idom (size_t avisit_count);
-
-  void create_dom_tree (size_t avisit_count);
-
-  static jit_block * idom_intersect (jit_block *i, jit_block *j);
+    virtual bool needs_release (void) const;
 
-  size_t mvisit_count;
-  size_t mid;
-  jit_block *idom;
-  df_set mdf;
-  std::vector<jit_block *> dom_succ;
-  std::string mname;
-  instruction_list instructions;
-  bool malive;
-  std::list<jit_block *>::iterator mlocation;
-};
-
-// keeps track of phi functions that use a block on incomming edges
-class
-jit_phi_incomming : public jit_internal_node<jit_block, jit_phi_incomming>
-{
-public:
-  jit_phi_incomming (void) : muser (0) { }
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent);
 
-  jit_phi_incomming (jit_phi *auser) : muser (auser) { }
-
-  jit_phi_incomming (const jit_phi_incomming& use)
-  {
-    *this = use;
-  }
-
-  jit_phi_incomming& operator= (const jit_phi_incomming& use)
-  {
-    stash_value (use.value ());
-    muser = use.muser;
-    return *this;
-  }
-
-  jit_phi * user (void) const { return muser; }
-
-  jit_block * user_parent (void) const;
-private:
-  jit_phi *muser;
-};
+      if (use_count ())
+        short_print (os) << " = ";
+      os << "call " << moperation.name () << " (";
 
-// A non-ssa variable
-class
-jit_variable : public jit_value
-{
-public:
-  jit_variable (const std::string& aname) : mname (aname), mlast_use (0) { }
-
-  const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
-
-  // manipulate the value_stack, for use during SSA construction.  The top of
-  // the value stack represents the current value for this variable
-  bool has_top (void) const
-  {
-    return ! value_stack.empty ();
-  }
-
-  jit_value * top (void) const
-  {
-    return value_stack.top ();
-  }
-
-  void push (jit_instruction *v)
-  {
-    value_stack.push (v);
-    mlast_use = v;
-  }
-
-  void pop (void)
-  {
-    value_stack.pop ();
-  }
-
-  jit_instruction * last_use (void) const
-  {
-    return mlast_use;
-  }
-
-  void stash_last_use (jit_instruction *instr)
-  {
-    mlast_use = instr;
-  }
+      for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
+        {
+          print_argument (os, i);
+          if (i + 1 < argument_count ())
+            os << ", ";
+        }
+      return os << ')';
+    }
 
-  // blocks in which we are used
-  void use_blocks (jit_block::df_set& result)
-  {
-    jit_use *use = first_use ();
-    while (use)
-      {
-        result.insert (use->user_parent ());
-        use = use->next ();
-      }
-  }
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    return print_indent (os, indent) << mname;
-  }
+    virtual bool infer (void);
 
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  std::string mname;
-  std::stack<jit_value *> value_stack;
-  jit_instruction *mlast_use;
-};
-
-class
-jit_assign_base : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
-  jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest) : jit_instruction (), mdest (adest) { }
-
-  jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest, size_t npred) : jit_instruction (npred),
-                                                        mdest (adest) { }
-
-  jit_assign_base (jit_variable *adest, jit_value *arg0, jit_value *arg1)
-    : jit_instruction (arg0, arg1), mdest (adest) { }
-
-  jit_variable * dest (void) const { return mdest; }
-
-  virtual void push_variable (void)
-  {
-    mdest->push (this);
-  }
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    const jit_operation& moperation;
+  };
 
-  virtual void pop_variable (void)
-  {
-    mdest->pop ();
-  }
-
-  virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
-  {
-    if (type ())
-      jit_print (os, type ()) << ": ";
-
-    dest ()->short_print (os);
-    return os << '#' << id ();
-  }
-private:
-  jit_variable *mdest;
-};
-
-class
-jit_assign : public jit_assign_base
-{
-public:
-  jit_assign (jit_variable *adest, jit_value *asrc)
-    : jit_assign_base (adest, adest, asrc), martificial (false) { }
-
-  jit_value * overwrite (void) const
-  {
-    return argument (0);
-  }
-
-  jit_value * src (void) const
-  {
-    return argument (1);
-  }
-
-  // variables don't get modified in an SSA, but COW requires we modify
-  // variables.  An artificial assign is for when a variable gets modified.  We
-  // need an assign in the SSA, but the reference counts shouldn't be updated.
-  bool artificial (void) const { return martificial; }
-
-  void mark_artificial (void) { martificial = true; }
-
-  virtual bool infer (void)
-  {
-    jit_type *stype = src ()->type ();
-    if (stype != type())
-      {
-        stash_type (stype);
-        return true;
-      }
-
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent) << *this << " = " << *src ();
-
-    if (artificial ())
-      os << " [artificial]";
-
-    return os;
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  bool martificial;
-};
-
-class
-jit_phi : public jit_assign_base
-{
-public:
-  jit_phi (jit_variable *adest, size_t npred)
-    : jit_assign_base (adest, npred)
-  {
-    mincomming.reserve (npred);
-  }
-
-  // removes arguments form dead incomming jumps
-  bool prune (void);
-
-  void add_incomming (jit_block *from, jit_value *value)
-  {
-    push_argument (value);
-    mincomming.push_back (jit_phi_incomming (this));
-    mincomming[mincomming.size () - 1].stash_value (from);
-  }
-
-  jit_block * incomming (size_t i) const
-  {
-    return mincomming[i].value ();
-  }
-
-  llvm::BasicBlock * incomming_llvm (size_t i) const
-  {
-    return incomming (i)->to_llvm ();
-  }
-
-  virtual void construct_ssa (void) { }
-
-  virtual bool infer (void);
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    std::stringstream ss;
-    print_indent (ss, indent);
-    short_print (ss) << " phi ";
-    std::string ss_str = ss.str ();
-    std::string indent_str (ss_str.size (), ' ');
-    os << ss_str;
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
-      {
-        if (i > 0)
-          os << indent_str;
-        os << "| ";
-
-        os << *incomming (i) << " -> ";
-        os << *argument (i);
-
-        if (i + 1 < argument_count ())
-          os << std::endl;
-      }
-
-    return os;
-  }
-
-  llvm::PHINode * to_llvm (void) const;
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  std::vector<jit_phi_incomming> mincomming;
-};
-
-class
-jit_terminator : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
-
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_terminator (size_t asuccessor_count, Args... args)
-    : jit_instruction (args...),
-      malive (asuccessor_count, false) { }
-
-  jit_block * successor (size_t idx = 0) const
-  {
-    return static_cast<jit_block *> (argument (idx));
-  }
-
-  llvm::BasicBlock * successor_llvm (size_t idx = 0) const
-  {
-    return successor (idx)->to_llvm ();
-  }
-
-  size_t successor_index (const jit_block *asuccessor) const;
-
-  std::ostream& print_successor (std::ostream& os, size_t idx = 0) const
+  // FIXME: This is just ugly...
+  // checks error_state, if error_state is false then goto the normal branch,
+  // otherwise goto the error branch
+  class
+  jit_error_check : public jit_terminator
   {
-    if (alive (idx))
-      os << "[live] ";
-    else
-      os << "[dead] ";
-
-    return successor (idx)->short_print (os);
-  }
-
-  // Check if the jump to successor is live
-  bool alive (const jit_block *asuccessor) const
-  {
-    return alive (successor_index (asuccessor));
-  }
-
-  bool alive (size_t idx) const { return malive[idx]; }
-
-  bool alive (int idx) const { return malive[idx]; }
-
-  size_t successor_count (void) const { return malive.size (); }
-
-  virtual bool infer (void);
-
-  llvm::TerminatorInst * to_llvm (void) const;
-protected:
-  virtual bool check_alive (size_t) const { return true; }
-private:
-  std::vector<bool> malive;
-};
-
-class
-jit_branch : public jit_terminator
-{
-public:
-  jit_branch (jit_block *succ) : jit_terminator (1, succ) { }
-
-  virtual size_t successor_count (void) const { return 1; }
+  public:
+    // Which variable is the error check for?
+    enum variable
+      {
+        var_error_state,
+        var_interrupt
+      };
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent) << "branch: ";
-    return print_successor (os);
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-};
-
-class
-jit_cond_branch : public jit_terminator
-{
-public:
-  jit_cond_branch (jit_value *c, jit_block *ctrue, jit_block *cfalse)
-    : jit_terminator (2, ctrue, cfalse, c) { }
-
-  jit_value * cond (void) const { return argument (2); }
+    static std::string variable_to_string (variable v);
 
-  std::ostream& print_cond (std::ostream& os) const
-  {
-    return cond ()->short_print (os);
-  }
-
-  llvm::Value * cond_llvm (void) const
-  {
-    return cond ()->to_llvm ();
-  }
+    jit_error_check (variable var, jit_call *acheck_for, jit_block *normal,
+                     jit_block *error)
+      : jit_terminator (2, error, normal, acheck_for), mvariable (var) { }
 
-  virtual size_t successor_count (void) const { return 2; }
+    jit_error_check (variable var, jit_block *normal, jit_block *error)
+      : jit_terminator (2, error, normal), mvariable (var) { }
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent) << "cond_branch: ";
-    print_cond (os) << ", ";
-    print_successor (os, 0) << ", ";
-    return print_successor (os, 1);
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-};
+    variable check_variable (void) const { return mvariable; }
 
-class
-jit_call : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
-  jit_call (const jit_operation& (*aoperation) (void))
-    : moperation (aoperation ())
-  {
-    const jit_function& ol = overload ();
-    if (ol.valid ())
-      stash_type (ol.result ());
-  }
-
-  jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation) : moperation (aoperation)
-  {
-    const jit_function& ol = overload ();
-    if (ol.valid ())
-      stash_type (ol.result ());
-  }
+    bool has_check_for (void) const
+    {
+      return argument_count () == 3;
+    }
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation,
-            jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
-    : jit_instruction (arg1, other_args...), moperation (aoperation)
-  { }
-
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_call (const jit_operation& (*aoperation) (void),
-            jit_value * arg1, Args... other_args)
-    : jit_instruction (arg1, other_args...), moperation (aoperation ())
-  { }
-
-  jit_call (const jit_operation& aoperation,
-            const std::vector<jit_value *>& args)
-    : jit_instruction (args), moperation (aoperation)
-  { }
-
-  const jit_operation& operation (void) const { return moperation; }
-
-  bool can_error (void) const
-  {
-    return overload ().can_error ();
-  }
+    jit_call * check_for (void) const
+    {
+      assert (has_check_for ());
+      return static_cast<jit_call *> (argument (2));
+    }
 
-  const jit_function& overload (void) const
-  {
-    return moperation.overload (argument_types ());
-  }
-
-  virtual bool needs_release (void) const;
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent);
-
-    if (use_count ())
-      short_print (os) << " = ";
-    os << "call " << moperation.name () << " (";
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_count (); ++i)
-      {
-        print_argument (os, i);
-        if (i + 1 < argument_count ())
-          os << ", ";
-      }
-    return os << ')';
-  }
-
-  virtual bool infer (void);
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  const jit_operation& moperation;
-};
-
-// FIXME: This is just ugly...
-// checks error_state, if error_state is false then goto the normal branch,
-// otherwise goto the error branch
-class
-jit_error_check : public jit_terminator
-{
-public:
-  // Which variable is the error check for?
-  enum variable
-  {
-    var_error_state,
-    var_interrupt
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  protected:
+    virtual bool check_alive (size_t idx) const
+    {
+      if (! has_check_for ())
+        return true;
+      return idx == 1 ? true : check_for ()->can_error ();
+    }
+  private:
+    variable mvariable;
   };
 
-  static std::string variable_to_string (variable v);
-
-  jit_error_check (variable var, jit_call *acheck_for, jit_block *normal,
-                   jit_block *error)
-    : jit_terminator (2, error, normal, acheck_for), mvariable (var) { }
-
-  jit_error_check (variable var, jit_block *normal, jit_block *error)
-    : jit_terminator (2, error, normal), mvariable (var) { }
-
-  variable check_variable (void) const { return mvariable; }
-
-  bool has_check_for (void) const
-  {
-    return argument_count () == 3;
-  }
-
-  jit_call * check_for (void) const
-  {
-    assert (has_check_for ());
-    return static_cast<jit_call *> (argument (2));
-  }
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-protected:
-  virtual bool check_alive (size_t idx) const
-  {
-    if (! has_check_for ())
-      return true;
-    return idx == 1 ? true : check_for ()->can_error ();
-  }
-private:
-  variable mvariable;
-};
-
-// for now only handles the 1D case
-class
-jit_magic_end : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
+  // for now only handles the 1D case
   class
-  context
+  jit_magic_end : public jit_instruction
   {
   public:
-    context (void) : value (0), index (0), count (0)
-    { }
+    class
+    context
+    {
+    public:
+      context (void) : value (0), index (0), count (0)
+      { }
+
+      context (jit_factory& factory, jit_value *avalue, size_t aindex,
+               size_t acount);
+
+      jit_value *value;
+      jit_const_index *index;
+      jit_const_index *count;
+    };
+
+    jit_magic_end (const std::vector<context>& full_context);
+
+    virtual bool infer (void);
+
+    const jit_function& overload () const;
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
+
+    context resolve_context (void) const;
+
+    virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
+    {
+      return os << "magic_end" << '#' << id ();
+    }
 
-    context (jit_factory& factory, jit_value *avalue, size_t aindex,
-             size_t acount);
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    std::vector<context> contexts;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_extract_argument : public jit_assign_base
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_extract_argument (jit_type *atype, jit_variable *adest)
+      : jit_assign_base (adest)
+    {
+      stash_type (atype);
+    }
 
-    jit_value *value;
-    jit_const_index *index;
-    jit_const_index *count;
+    const std::string& name (void) const
+    {
+      return dest ()->name ();
+    }
+
+    const jit_function& overload (void) const
+    {
+      return jit_typeinfo::cast (type (), jit_typeinfo::get_any ());
+    }
+
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent);
+
+      return short_print (os) << " = extract " << name ();
+    }
+
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
   };
 
-  jit_magic_end (const std::vector<context>& full_context);
-
-  virtual bool infer (void);
-
-  const jit_function& overload () const;
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const;
-
-  context resolve_context (void) const;
-
-  virtual std::ostream& short_print (std::ostream& os) const
-  {
-    return os << "magic_end" << '#' << id ();
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  std::vector<context> contexts;
-};
-
-class
-jit_extract_argument : public jit_assign_base
-{
-public:
-  jit_extract_argument (jit_type *atype, jit_variable *adest)
-    : jit_assign_base (adest)
-  {
-    stash_type (atype);
-  }
-
-  const std::string& name (void) const
-  {
-    return dest ()->name ();
-  }
-
-  const jit_function& overload (void) const
-  {
-    return jit_typeinfo::cast (type (), jit_typeinfo::get_any ());
-  }
-
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent);
-
-    return short_print (os) << " = extract " << name ();
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-};
-
-class
-jit_store_argument : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
-  jit_store_argument (jit_variable *var)
-    : jit_instruction (var), dest (var)
-  { }
-
-  const std::string& name (void) const
-  {
-    return dest->name ();
-  }
-
-  const jit_function& overload (void) const
-  {
-    return jit_typeinfo::cast (jit_typeinfo::get_any (), result_type ());
-  }
-
-  jit_value * result (void) const
+  class
+  jit_store_argument : public jit_instruction
   {
-    return argument (0);
-  }
+  public:
+    jit_store_argument (jit_variable *var)
+      : jit_instruction (var), dest (var)
+    { }
+
+    const std::string& name (void) const
+    {
+      return dest->name ();
+    }
 
-  jit_type * result_type (void) const
-  {
-    return result ()->type ();
-  }
+    const jit_function& overload (void) const
+    {
+      return jit_typeinfo::cast (jit_typeinfo::get_any (), result_type ());
+    }
 
-  llvm::Value * result_llvm (void) const
-  {
-    return result ()->to_llvm ();
-  }
+    jit_value * result (void) const
+    {
+      return argument (0);
+    }
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    jit_value *res = result ();
-    print_indent (os, indent) << "store ";
-    dest->short_print (os);
+    jit_type * result_type (void) const
+    {
+      return result ()->type ();
+    }
+
+    llvm::Value * result_llvm (void) const
+    {
+      return result ()->to_llvm ();
+    }
 
-    if (! isa<jit_variable> (res))
-      {
-        os << " = ";
-        res->short_print (os);
-      }
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      jit_value *res = result ();
+      print_indent (os, indent) << "store ";
+      dest->short_print (os);
 
-    return os;
-  }
-
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-private:
-  jit_variable *dest;
-};
+      if (! isa<jit_variable> (res))
+        {
+          os << " = ";
+          res->short_print (os);
+        }
 
-class
-jit_return : public jit_instruction
-{
-public:
-  jit_return (void) { }
+      return os;
+    }
 
-  jit_return (jit_value *retval) : jit_instruction (retval) { }
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  private:
+    jit_variable *dest;
+  };
 
-  jit_value * result (void) const
+  class
+  jit_return : public jit_instruction
   {
-    return argument_count () ? argument (0) : nullptr;
-  }
+  public:
+    jit_return (void) { }
 
-  jit_type * result_type (void) const
-  {
-    jit_value *res = result ();
-    return res ? res->type () : nullptr;
-  }
+    jit_return (jit_value *retval) : jit_instruction (retval) { }
+
+    jit_value * result (void) const
+    {
+      return argument_count () ? argument (0) : nullptr;
+    }
 
-  virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
-  {
-    print_indent (os, indent) << "return";
+    jit_type * result_type (void) const
+    {
+      jit_value *res = result ();
+      return res ? res->type () : nullptr;
+    }
 
-    if (result ())
-      os << ' ' << *result ();
+    virtual std::ostream& print (std::ostream& os, size_t indent = 0) const
+    {
+      print_indent (os, indent) << "return";
 
-    return os;
-  }
+      if (result ())
+        os << ' ' << *result ();
 
-  JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
-};
+      return os;
+    }
 
-class
-jit_ir_walker
-{
-public:
-  virtual ~jit_ir_walker () { }
+    JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_ir_walker
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual ~jit_ir_walker () { }
 
 #define JIT_METH(clname)                        \
-  virtual void visit (jit_ ## clname&) = 0;
+    virtual void visit (jit_ ## clname&) = 0;
 
-  JIT_VISIT_IR_CLASSES;
+    JIT_VISIT_IR_CLASSES;
 
 #undef JIT_METH
-};
+  };
 
-template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T, bool QUOTE>
-void
-jit_const<T, EXTRACT_T, PASS_T, QUOTE>::accept (jit_ir_walker& walker)
-{
-  walker.visit (*this);
-}
+  template <typename T, jit_type *(*EXTRACT_T)(void), typename PASS_T, bool QUOTE>
+  void
+  jit_const<T, EXTRACT_T, PASS_T, QUOTE>::accept (jit_ir_walker& walker)
+  {
+    walker.visit (*this);
+  }
 
 #undef JIT_VALUE_ACCEPT
 
+}
+
 #endif
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -72,2175 +72,2180 @@
 #include "ov-complex.h"
 #include "ov-scalar.h"
 #include "pager.h"
-
-static llvm::LLVMContext& context = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
-
-jit_typeinfo *jit_typeinfo::instance = nullptr;
-
-std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_type *atype)
-{
-  if (! atype)
-    return os << "null";
-  return os << atype->name ();
-}
-
-// function that jit code calls
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_print_any (const char *name, octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  obv->print_with_name (octave_stdout, name, true);
-}
-
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_print_scalar (const char *name, double value)
-{
-  // FIXME: We should avoid allocating a new octave_scalar each time
-  octave_value ov (value);
-  ov.print_with_name (octave_stdout, name);
-}
-
-extern "C" octave_base_value*
-octave_jit_binary_any_any (octave_value::binary_op op, octave_base_value *lhs,
-                           octave_base_value *rhs)
-{
-  octave_value olhs (lhs, true);
-  octave_value orhs (rhs, true);
-  octave_value result = do_binary_op (op, olhs, orhs);
-  octave_base_value *rep = result.internal_rep ();
-  rep->grab ();
-  return rep;
-}
-
-extern "C" octave_idx_type
-octave_jit_compute_nelem (double base, double limit, double inc)
-{
-  Range rng = Range (base, limit, inc);
-  return rng.numel ();
-}
+#include "interpreter-private.h"
 
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_release_any (octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  obv->release ();
-}
-
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_release_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
-{
-  delete m->array;
-}
-
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_grab_any (octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  obv->grab ();
-  return obv;
-}
-
-extern "C" jit_matrix
-octave_jit_grab_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
-{
-  return *m->array;
-}
-
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_cast_any_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
-{
-  octave_value ret (*m->array);
-  octave_base_value *rep = ret.internal_rep ();
-  rep->grab ();
-  delete m->array;
-
-  return rep;
-}
-
-extern "C" jit_matrix
-octave_jit_cast_matrix_any (octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  NDArray m = obv->array_value ();
-  obv->release ();
-  return m;
-}
-
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_cast_any_range (jit_range *rng)
-{
-  Range temp (*rng);
-  octave_value ret (temp);
-  octave_base_value *rep = ret.internal_rep ();
-  rep->grab ();
-
-  return rep;
-}
-extern "C" jit_range
-octave_jit_cast_range_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+namespace octave
 {
 
-  jit_range r (obv->range_value ());
-  obv->release ();
-  return r;
-}
+  static llvm::LLVMContext& context = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+
+  jit_typeinfo *jit_typeinfo::instance = nullptr;
+
+  std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_type *atype)
+  {
+    if (! atype)
+      return os << "null";
+    return os << atype->name ();
+  }
 
-extern "C" double
-octave_jit_cast_scalar_any (octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  double ret = obv->double_value ();
-  obv->release ();
-  return ret;
-}
+  // function that jit code calls
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_print_any (const char *name, octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    obv->print_with_name (octave_stdout, name, true);
+  }
 
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_cast_any_scalar (double value)
-{
-  return new octave_scalar (value);
-}
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_print_scalar (const char *name, double value)
+  {
+    // FIXME: We should avoid allocating a new octave_scalar each time
+    octave_value ov (value);
+    ov.print_with_name (octave_stdout, name);
+  }
 
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_cast_complex_any (octave_base_value *obv)
-{
-  Complex ret = obv->complex_value ();
-  obv->release ();
-  return ret;
-}
+  extern "C" octave_base_value*
+  octave_jit_binary_any_any (octave_value::binary_op op, octave_base_value *lhs,
+                             octave_base_value *rhs)
+  {
+    octave_value olhs (lhs, true);
+    octave_value orhs (rhs, true);
+    octave_value result = do_binary_op (op, olhs, orhs);
+    octave_base_value *rep = result.internal_rep ();
+    rep->grab ();
+    return rep;
+  }
 
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_cast_any_complex (Complex c)
-{
-  if (c.imag () == 0)
-    return new octave_scalar (c.real ());
-  else
-    return new octave_complex (c);
-}
+  extern "C" octave_idx_type
+  octave_jit_compute_nelem (double base, double limit, double inc)
+  {
+    Range rng = Range (base, limit, inc);
+    return rng.numel ();
+  }
 
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_err_nan_to_logical_conversion (void)
-{
-  octave::err_nan_to_logical_conversion ();
-}
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_release_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    obv->release ();
+  }
 
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_ginvalid_index (void)
-{
-  // FIXME: 0-argument form of octave::err_invalid_index removed in cset dd6345fd8a97
-  //        Report -1 as the bad index for all occurrences.
-  octave::err_invalid_index (static_cast<octave_idx_type> (-1));
-}
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_release_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
+  {
+    delete m->array;
+  }
 
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_gindex_range (int nd, int dim, octave_idx_type iext,
-                         octave_idx_type ext)
-{
-  octave::err_index_out_of_range (nd, dim, iext, ext);
-}
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_grab_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    obv->grab ();
+    return obv;
+  }
+
+  extern "C" jit_matrix
+  octave_jit_grab_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
+  {
+    return *m->array;
+  }
 
-extern "C" jit_matrix
-octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_impl (jit_matrix *mat, octave_idx_type index,
-                                double value)
-{
-  NDArray *array = mat->array;
-  if (array->numel () < index)
-    array->resize1 (index);
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_cast_any_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
+  {
+    octave_value ret (*m->array);
+    octave_base_value *rep = ret.internal_rep ();
+    rep->grab ();
+    delete m->array;
 
-  double *data = array->fortran_vec ();
-  data[index - 1] = value;
+    return rep;
+  }
 
-  mat->update ();
-  return *mat;
-}
+  extern "C" jit_matrix
+  octave_jit_cast_matrix_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    NDArray m = obv->array_value ();
+    obv->release ();
+    return m;
+  }
 
-static void
-make_indices (double *indices, octave_idx_type idx_count,
-              Array<idx_vector>& result)
-{
-  result.resize (dim_vector (1, idx_count));
-  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < idx_count; ++i)
-    result(i) = idx_vector (indices[i]);
-}
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_cast_any_range (jit_range *rng)
+  {
+    Range temp (*rng);
+    octave_value ret (temp);
+    octave_base_value *rep = ret.internal_rep ();
+    rep->grab ();
+
+    return rep;
+  }
+  extern "C" jit_range
+  octave_jit_cast_range_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
 
-extern "C" double
-octave_jit_paren_scalar (jit_matrix *mat, double *indicies,
-                         octave_idx_type idx_count)
-{
-  // FIXME: Replace this with a more optimal version
-  Array<idx_vector> idx;
-  make_indices (indicies, idx_count, idx);
-
-  Array<double> ret = mat->array->index (idx);
+    jit_range r (obv->range_value ());
+    obv->release ();
+    return r;
+  }
 
-  return ret.xelem (0);
-}
+  extern "C" double
+  octave_jit_cast_scalar_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    double ret = obv->double_value ();
+    obv->release ();
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-extern "C" jit_matrix
-octave_jit_paren_scalar_subsasgn (jit_matrix *mat, double *indices,
-                                  octave_idx_type idx_count, double value)
-{
-  // FIXME: Replace this with a more optimal version
-  jit_matrix ret;
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_cast_any_scalar (double value)
+  {
+    return new octave_scalar (value);
+  }
 
-  Array<idx_vector> idx;
-  make_indices (indices, idx_count, idx);
-
-  Matrix temp (1, 1);
-  temp.xelem(0) = value;
-  mat->array->assign (idx, temp);
-  ret.update (mat->array);
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_cast_complex_any (octave_base_value *obv)
+  {
+    Complex ret = obv->complex_value ();
+    obv->release ();
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-  return ret;
-}
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_cast_any_complex (Complex c)
+  {
+    if (c.imag () == 0)
+      return new octave_scalar (c.real ());
+    else
+      return new octave_complex (c);
+  }
 
-extern "C" jit_matrix
-octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_range (jit_matrix *mat, jit_range *index,
-                                        double value)
-{
-  NDArray *array = mat->array;
-  bool done = false;
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_err_nan_to_logical_conversion (void)
+  {
+    octave::err_nan_to_logical_conversion ();
+  }
+
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_ginvalid_index (void)
+  {
+    // FIXME: 0-argument form of octave::err_invalid_index removed in cset dd6345fd8a97
+    //        Report -1 as the bad index for all occurrences.
+    octave::err_invalid_index (static_cast<octave_idx_type> (-1));
+  }
 
-  // optimize for the simple case (no resizing and no errors)
-  if (*array->jit_ref_count () == 1
-      && index->all_elements_are_ints ())
-    {
-      // this code is similar to idx_vector::fill, but we avoid allocating an
-      // idx_vector and its associated rep
-      octave_idx_type start = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (index->base) - 1;
-      octave_idx_type step = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (index->inc);
-      octave_idx_type nelem = index->nelem;
-      octave_idx_type final = start + nelem * step;
-      if (step < 0)
-        {
-          step = -step;
-          std::swap (final, start);
-        }
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_gindex_range (int nd, int dim, octave_idx_type iext,
+                           octave_idx_type ext)
+  {
+    octave::err_index_out_of_range (nd, dim, iext, ext);
+  }
+
+  extern "C" jit_matrix
+  octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_impl (jit_matrix *mat, octave_idx_type index,
+                                  double value)
+  {
+    NDArray *array = mat->array;
+    if (array->numel () < index)
+      array->resize1 (index);
 
-      if (start >= 0 && final < mat->slice_len)
-        {
-          done = true;
+    double *data = array->fortran_vec ();
+    data[index - 1] = value;
+
+    mat->update ();
+    return *mat;
+  }
 
-          double *data = array->jit_slice_data ();
-          if (step == 1)
-            std::fill (data + start, data + start + nelem, value);
-          else
-            {
-              for (octave_idx_type i = start; i < final; i += step)
-                data[i] = value;
-            }
-        }
-    }
+  static void
+  make_indices (double *indices, octave_idx_type idx_count,
+                Array<idx_vector>& result)
+  {
+    result.resize (dim_vector (1, idx_count));
+    for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < idx_count; ++i)
+      result(i) = idx_vector (indices[i]);
+  }
 
-  if (! done)
-    {
-      idx_vector idx (*index);
-      NDArray avalue (dim_vector (1, 1));
-      avalue.xelem (0) = value;
-      array->assign (idx, avalue);
-    }
+  extern "C" double
+  octave_jit_paren_scalar (jit_matrix *mat, double *indicies,
+                           octave_idx_type idx_count)
+  {
+    // FIXME: Replace this with a more optimal version
+    Array<idx_vector> idx;
+    make_indices (indicies, idx_count, idx);
+
+    Array<double> ret = mat->array->index (idx);
+
+    return ret.xelem (0);
+  }
 
-  jit_matrix ret;
-  ret.update (array);
-  return ret;
-}
+  extern "C" jit_matrix
+  octave_jit_paren_scalar_subsasgn (jit_matrix *mat, double *indices,
+                                    octave_idx_type idx_count, double value)
+  {
+    // FIXME: Replace this with a more optimal version
+    jit_matrix ret;
+
+    Array<idx_vector> idx;
+    make_indices (indices, idx_count, idx);
+
+    Matrix temp (1, 1);
+    temp.xelem(0) = value;
+    mat->array->assign (idx, temp);
+    ret.update (mat->array);
+
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-extern "C" double
-octave_jit_end_matrix (jit_matrix *mat, octave_idx_type idx,
-                       octave_idx_type count)
-{
-  octave_idx_type ndim = mat->dimensions[-1];
-  if (ndim == count)
-    return mat->dimensions[idx];
-  else if (ndim > count)
-    {
-      if (idx == count - 1)
-        {
-          double ret = mat->dimensions[idx];
-          for (octave_idx_type i = idx + 1; i < ndim; ++i)
-            ret *= mat->dimensions[idx];
-          return ret;
-        }
+  extern "C" jit_matrix
+  octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_range (jit_matrix *mat, jit_range *index,
+                                          double value)
+  {
+    NDArray *array = mat->array;
+    bool done = false;
 
-      return mat->dimensions[idx];
-    }
-  else // ndim < count
-    return idx < ndim ? mat->dimensions[idx] : 1;
-}
+    // optimize for the simple case (no resizing and no errors)
+    if (*array->jit_ref_count () == 1
+        && index->all_elements_are_ints ())
+      {
+        // this code is similar to idx_vector::fill, but we avoid allocating an
+        // idx_vector and its associated rep
+        octave_idx_type start = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (index->base) - 1;
+        octave_idx_type step = static_cast<octave_idx_type> (index->inc);
+        octave_idx_type nelem = index->nelem;
+        octave_idx_type final = start + nelem * step;
+        if (step < 0)
+          {
+            step = -step;
+            std::swap (final, start);
+          }
 
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_create_undef (void)
-{
-  octave_value undef;
-  octave_base_value *ret = undef.internal_rep ();
-  ret->grab ();
+        if (start >= 0 && final < mat->slice_len)
+          {
+            done = true;
 
-  return ret;
-}
-
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_complex_mul (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
-{
-  if (lhs.imag () == 0 && rhs.imag() == 0)
-    return Complex (lhs.real () * rhs.real (), 0);
+            double *data = array->jit_slice_data ();
+            if (step == 1)
+              std::fill (data + start, data + start + nelem, value);
+            else
+              {
+                for (octave_idx_type i = start; i < final; i += step)
+                  data[i] = value;
+              }
+          }
+      }
 
-  return lhs * rhs;
-}
-
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_complex_div (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
-{
-  // see src/OPERATORS/op-cs-cs.cc
-  if (rhs == 0.0)
-    warn_divide_by_zero ();
+    if (! done)
+      {
+        idx_vector idx (*index);
+        NDArray avalue (dim_vector (1, 1));
+        avalue.xelem (0) = value;
+        array->assign (idx, avalue);
+      }
 
-  return lhs / rhs;
-}
-
-// FIXME: CP form src/xpow.cc
-static inline int
-xisint (double x)
-{
-  return (octave::math::x_nint (x) == x
-          && ((x >= 0 && x < std::numeric_limits<int>::max ())
-              || (x <= 0 && x > std::numeric_limits<int>::min ())));
-}
+    jit_matrix ret;
+    ret.update (array);
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (double lhs, double rhs)
-{
-  // FIXME: almost CP from src/xpow.cc
-  if (lhs < 0.0 && ! xisint (rhs))
-    return std::pow (Complex (lhs), rhs);
-  return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
-}
+  extern "C" double
+  octave_jit_end_matrix (jit_matrix *mat, octave_idx_type idx,
+                         octave_idx_type count)
+  {
+    octave_idx_type ndim = mat->dimensions[-1];
+    if (ndim == count)
+      return mat->dimensions[idx];
+    else if (ndim > count)
+      {
+        if (idx == count - 1)
+          {
+            double ret = mat->dimensions[idx];
+            for (octave_idx_type i = idx + 1; i < ndim; ++i)
+              ret *= mat->dimensions[idx];
+            return ret;
+          }
 
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_pow_complex_complex (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
-{
-  if (lhs.imag () == 0 && rhs.imag () == 0)
-    return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs.real (), rhs.real ());
-  return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
-}
+        return mat->dimensions[idx];
+      }
+    else // ndim < count
+      return idx < ndim ? mat->dimensions[idx] : 1;
+  }
 
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_pow_complex_scalar (Complex lhs, double rhs)
-{
-  if (lhs.imag () == 0)
-    return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs.real (), rhs);
-  return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
-}
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_create_undef (void)
+  {
+    octave_value undef;
+    octave_base_value *ret = undef.internal_rep ();
+    ret->grab ();
+
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_complex_mul (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
+  {
+    if (lhs.imag () == 0 && rhs.imag() == 0)
+      return Complex (lhs.real () * rhs.real (), 0);
+
+    return lhs * rhs;
+  }
 
-extern "C" Complex
-octave_jit_pow_scalar_complex (double lhs, Complex rhs)
-{
-  if (rhs.imag () == 0)
-    return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs, rhs.real ());
-  return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
-}
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_complex_div (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
+  {
+    // see src/OPERATORS/op-cs-cs.cc
+    if (rhs == 0.0)
+      warn_divide_by_zero ();
+
+    return lhs / rhs;
+  }
 
-extern "C" void
-octave_jit_print_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
-{
-  std::cout << *m << std::endl;
-}
+  // FIXME: CP form src/xpow.cc
+  static inline int
+  xisint (double x)
+  {
+    return (octave::math::x_nint (x) == x
+            && ((x >= 0 && x < std::numeric_limits<int>::max ())
+                || (x <= 0 && x > std::numeric_limits<int>::min ())));
+  }
 
-OCTAVE_NORETURN static
-void
-err_bad_result (void)
-{
-  error ("incorrect type information given to the JIT compiler");
-}
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (double lhs, double rhs)
+  {
+    // FIXME: almost CP from src/xpow.cc
+    if (lhs < 0.0 && ! xisint (rhs))
+      return std::pow (Complex (lhs), rhs);
+    return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
+  }
 
-// FIXME: Add support for multiple outputs
-extern "C" octave_base_value *
-octave_jit_call (octave_builtin::fcn fn, size_t nargin,
-                 octave_base_value **argin, jit_type *result_type)
-{
-  octave_value_list ovl (nargin);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargin; ++i)
-    ovl.xelem (i) = octave_value (argin[i]);
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_pow_complex_complex (Complex lhs, Complex rhs)
+  {
+    if (lhs.imag () == 0 && rhs.imag () == 0)
+      return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs.real (), rhs.real ());
+    return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
+  }
 
-  ovl = fn (ovl, 1);
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_pow_complex_scalar (Complex lhs, double rhs)
+  {
+    if (lhs.imag () == 0)
+      return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs.real (), rhs);
+    return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
+  }
 
-  // FIXME: Check result_type somehow
-  if (result_type)
-    {
-      if (ovl.length () < 1)
-        err_bad_result ();
+  extern "C" Complex
+  octave_jit_pow_scalar_complex (double lhs, Complex rhs)
+  {
+    if (rhs.imag () == 0)
+      return octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar (lhs, rhs.real ());
+    return std::pow (lhs, rhs);
+  }
 
-      octave_value result = ovl.xelem(0);
-      octave_base_value *ret = result.internal_rep ();
-      ret->grab ();
-      return ret;
-    }
+  extern "C" void
+  octave_jit_print_matrix (jit_matrix *m)
+  {
+    std::cout << *m << std::endl;
+  }
 
-  if (! (ovl.empty ()
-         || (ovl.length () == 1 && ovl.xelem (0).is_undefined ())))
-    err_bad_result ();
-
-  return 0;
-}
+  OCTAVE_NORETURN static
+  void
+  err_bad_result (void)
+  {
+    error ("incorrect type information given to the JIT compiler");
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_range --------------------
-bool
-jit_range::all_elements_are_ints () const
-{
-  Range r (*this);
-  return r.all_elements_are_ints ();
-}
+  // FIXME: Add support for multiple outputs
+  extern "C" octave_base_value *
+  octave_jit_call (octave_builtin::fcn fn, size_t nargin,
+                   octave_base_value **argin, jit_type *result_type)
+  {
+    octave_value_list ovl (nargin);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargin; ++i)
+      ovl.xelem (i) = octave_value (argin[i]);
+
+    ovl = fn (ovl, 1);
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_range& rng)
-{
-  return os << "Range[" << rng.base << ", " << rng.limit << ", " << rng.inc
-         << ", " << rng.nelem << ']';
-}
+    // FIXME: Check result_type somehow
+    if (result_type)
+      {
+        if (ovl.length () < 1)
+          err_bad_result ();
 
-// -------------------- jit_matrix --------------------
+        octave_value result = ovl.xelem(0);
+        octave_base_value *ret = result.internal_rep ();
+        ret->grab ();
+        return ret;
+      }
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_matrix& mat)
-{
-  return os << "Matrix[" << mat.ref_count << ", " << mat.slice_data << ", "
-         << mat.slice_len << ", " << mat.dimensions << ", "
-         << mat.array << ']';
-}
+    if (! (ovl.empty ()
+           || (ovl.length () == 1 && ovl.xelem (0).is_undefined ())))
+      err_bad_result ();
+
+    return 0;
+  }
 
-// -------------------- jit_type --------------------
-jit_type::jit_type (const std::string& aname, jit_type *aparent,
-                    llvm::Type *allvm_type, bool askip_paren, int aid) :
-  mname (aname), mparent (aparent), llvm_type (allvm_type), mid (aid),
-  mdepth (aparent ? aparent->mdepth + 1 : 0), mskip_paren (askip_paren)
-{
-  std::memset (msret, 0, sizeof (msret));
-  std::memset (mpointer_arg, 0, sizeof (mpointer_arg));
-  std::memset (mpack, 0, sizeof (mpack));
-  std::memset (munpack, 0, sizeof (munpack));
+  // -------------------- jit_range --------------------
+  bool
+  jit_range::all_elements_are_ints () const
+  {
+    Range r (*this);
+    return r.all_elements_are_ints ();
+  }
+
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_range& rng)
+  {
+    return os << "Range[" << rng.base << ", " << rng.limit << ", " << rng.inc
+              << ", " << rng.nelem << ']';
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_matrix --------------------
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < jit_convention::length; ++i)
-    mpacked_type[i] = llvm_type;
-}
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_matrix& mat)
+  {
+    return os << "Matrix[" << mat.ref_count << ", " << mat.slice_data << ", "
+              << mat.slice_len << ", " << mat.dimensions << ", "
+              << mat.array << ']';
+  }
 
-llvm::Type *
-jit_type::to_llvm_arg (void) const
-{
-  return llvm_type ? llvm_type->getPointerTo () : nullptr;
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_function --------------------
-jit_function::jit_function () : module (0), llvm_function (0), mresult (0),
-                                call_conv (jit_convention::length),
-                                mcan_error (false)
-{ }
+  // -------------------- jit_type --------------------
+  jit_type::jit_type (const std::string& aname, jit_type *aparent,
+                      llvm::Type *allvm_type, bool askip_paren, int aid) :
+    mname (aname), mparent (aparent), llvm_type (allvm_type), mid (aid),
+    mdepth (aparent ? aparent->mdepth + 1 : 0), mskip_paren (askip_paren)
+  {
+    std::memset (msret, 0, sizeof (msret));
+    std::memset (mpointer_arg, 0, sizeof (mpointer_arg));
+    std::memset (mpack, 0, sizeof (mpack));
+    std::memset (munpack, 0, sizeof (munpack));
 
-jit_function::jit_function (llvm::Module *amodule,
-                            jit_convention::type acall_conv,
-                            const llvm::Twine& aname, jit_type *aresult,
-                            const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs)
-  : module (amodule), mresult (aresult), args (aargs), call_conv (acall_conv),
-    mcan_error (false)
-{
-  llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Type *, 15> llvm_args;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < jit_convention::length; ++i)
+      mpacked_type[i] = llvm_type;
+  }
+
+  llvm::Type *
+  jit_type::to_llvm_arg (void) const
+  {
+    return llvm_type ? llvm_type->getPointerTo () : nullptr;
+  }
 
-  llvm::Type *rtype = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context);
-  if (mresult)
-    {
-      rtype = mresult->packed_type (call_conv);
-      if (sret ())
-        {
-          llvm_args.push_back (rtype->getPointerTo ());
-          rtype = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context);
-        }
-    }
+  // -------------------- jit_function --------------------
+  jit_function::jit_function () : module (0), llvm_function (0), mresult (0),
+                                  call_conv (jit_convention::length),
+                                  mcan_error (false)
+  { }
+
+  jit_function::jit_function (llvm::Module *amodule,
+                              jit_convention::type acall_conv,
+                              const llvm::Twine& aname, jit_type *aresult,
+                              const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs)
+    : module (amodule), mresult (aresult), args (aargs), call_conv (acall_conv),
+      mcan_error (false)
+  {
+    llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Type *, 15> llvm_args;
 
-  for (std::vector<jit_type *>::const_iterator iter = args.begin ();
-       iter != args.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_type *ty = *iter;
-      assert (ty);
-      llvm::Type *argty = ty->packed_type (call_conv);
-      if (ty->pointer_arg (call_conv))
-        argty = argty->getPointerTo ();
+    llvm::Type *rtype = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context);
+    if (mresult)
+      {
+        rtype = mresult->packed_type (call_conv);
+        if (sret ())
+          {
+            llvm_args.push_back (rtype->getPointerTo ());
+            rtype = llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context);
+          }
+      }
 
-      llvm_args.push_back (argty);
-    }
+    for (std::vector<jit_type *>::const_iterator iter = args.begin ();
+         iter != args.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_type *ty = *iter;
+        assert (ty);
+        llvm::Type *argty = ty->packed_type (call_conv);
+        if (ty->pointer_arg (call_conv))
+          argty = argty->getPointerTo ();
 
-  // we mark all functinos as external linkage because this prevents llvm
-  // from getting rid of always inline functions
-  llvm::FunctionType *ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (rtype, llvm_args, false);
-  llvm_function = llvm::Function::Create (ft, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
-                                          aname, module);
+        llvm_args.push_back (argty);
+      }
 
-  if (sret ())
-    {
+    // we mark all functinos as external linkage because this prevents llvm
+    // from getting rid of always inline functions
+    llvm::FunctionType *ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (rtype, llvm_args, false);
+    llvm_function = llvm::Function::Create (ft, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
+                                            aname, module);
+
+    if (sret ())
+      {
 #if defined (FUNCTION_ADDATTRIBUTE_ARG_IS_ATTRIBUTES)
-      llvm::AttrBuilder attr_builder;
-      attr_builder.addAttribute (llvm::Attributes::StructRet);
-      llvm::Attributes attrs = llvm::Attributes::get(context, attr_builder);
-      llvm_function->addAttribute (1, attrs);
+        llvm::AttrBuilder attr_builder;
+        attr_builder.addAttribute (llvm::Attributes::StructRet);
+        llvm::Attributes attrs = llvm::Attributes::get(context, attr_builder);
+        llvm_function->addAttribute (1, attrs);
 #else
-      llvm_function->addAttribute (1, llvm::Attribute::StructRet);
+        llvm_function->addAttribute (1, llvm::Attribute::StructRet);
 #endif
-    }
+      }
 
-  if (call_conv == jit_convention::internal)
+    if (call_conv == jit_convention::internal)
 #if defined (FUNCTION_ADDFNATTR_ARG_IS_ATTRIBUTES)
-    llvm_function->addFnAttr (llvm::Attributes::AlwaysInline);
+      llvm_function->addFnAttr (llvm::Attributes::AlwaysInline);
 #else
     llvm_function->addFnAttr (llvm::Attribute::AlwaysInline);
 #endif
-}
+  }
+
+  jit_function::jit_function (const jit_function& fn, jit_type *aresult,
+                              const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs)
+    : module (fn.module), llvm_function (fn.llvm_function), mresult (aresult),
+      args (aargs), call_conv (fn.call_conv), mcan_error (fn.mcan_error)
+  { }
 
-jit_function::jit_function (const jit_function& fn, jit_type *aresult,
-                            const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs)
-  : module (fn.module), llvm_function (fn.llvm_function), mresult (aresult),
-    args (aargs), call_conv (fn.call_conv), mcan_error (fn.mcan_error)
-{ }
+  jit_function::jit_function (const jit_function& fn)
+    : module (fn.module), llvm_function (fn.llvm_function), mresult (fn.mresult),
+      args (fn.args), call_conv (fn.call_conv), mcan_error (fn.mcan_error)
+  { }
+
+  void
+  jit_function::erase (void)
+  {
+    if (! llvm_function)
+      return;
+
+    llvm_function->eraseFromParent ();
+    llvm_function = 0;
+  }
 
-jit_function::jit_function (const jit_function& fn)
-  : module (fn.module), llvm_function (fn.llvm_function), mresult (fn.mresult),
-    args (fn.args), call_conv (fn.call_conv), mcan_error (fn.mcan_error)
-{ }
+  std::string
+  jit_function::name (void) const
+  {
+    return llvm_function->getName ();
+  }
 
-void
-jit_function::erase (void)
-{
-  if (! llvm_function)
-    return;
+  llvm::BasicBlock *
+  jit_function::new_block (const std::string& aname,
+                           llvm::BasicBlock *insert_before)
+  {
+    return llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context, aname, llvm_function,
+                                     insert_before);
+  }
+
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_function::call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                      const std::vector<jit_value *>& in_args) const
+  {
+    if (! valid ())
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Call not implemented");
+
+    assert (in_args.size () == args.size ());
+    std::vector<llvm::Value *> llvm_args (args.size ());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < in_args.size (); ++i)
+      llvm_args[i] = in_args[i]->to_llvm ();
 
-  llvm_function->eraseFromParent ();
-  llvm_function = 0;
-}
+    return call (builder, llvm_args);
+  }
+
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_function::call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                      const std::vector<llvm::Value *>& in_args) const
+  {
+    if (! valid ())
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Call not implemented");
 
-std::string
-jit_function::name (void) const
-{
-  return llvm_function->getName ();
-}
+    assert (in_args.size () == args.size ());
+    llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Value *, 10> llvm_args;
+    llvm_args.reserve (in_args.size () + sret ());
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock *insert_block = builder.GetInsertBlock ();
+    llvm::Function *parent = insert_block->getParent ();
+    assert (parent);
+
+    // we insert allocas inside the prelude block to prevent stack overflows
+    llvm::BasicBlock& prelude = parent->getEntryBlock ();
+    llvm::IRBuilder<> pre_builder (&prelude, prelude.begin ());
 
-llvm::BasicBlock *
-jit_function::new_block (const std::string& aname,
-                         llvm::BasicBlock *insert_before)
-{
-  return llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context, aname, llvm_function,
-                                   insert_before);
-}
+    llvm::AllocaInst *sret_mem = nullptr;
+    if (sret ())
+      {
+        sret_mem = pre_builder.CreateAlloca (mresult->packed_type (call_conv));
+        llvm_args.push_back (sret_mem);
+      }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < in_args.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        llvm::Value *arg = in_args[i];
+        jit_type::convert_fn convert = args[i]->pack (call_conv);
+        if (convert)
+          arg = convert (builder, arg);
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_function::call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                    const std::vector<jit_value *>& in_args) const
-{
-  if (! valid ())
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Call not implemented");
+        if (args[i]->pointer_arg (call_conv))
+          {
+            llvm::Type *ty = args[i]->packed_type (call_conv);
+            llvm::Value *alloca = pre_builder.CreateAlloca (ty);
+            builder.CreateStore (arg, alloca);
+            arg = alloca;
+          }
+
+        llvm_args.push_back (arg);
+      }
+
+    llvm::CallInst *callinst = builder.CreateCall (llvm_function, llvm_args);
+    llvm::Value *ret = callinst;
 
-  assert (in_args.size () == args.size ());
-  std::vector<llvm::Value *> llvm_args (args.size ());
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < in_args.size (); ++i)
-    llvm_args[i] = in_args[i]->to_llvm ();
+    if (sret ())
+      {
+#if defined (CALLINST_ADDATTRIBUTE_ARG_IS_ATTRIBUTES)
+        llvm::AttrBuilder attr_builder;
+        attr_builder.addAttribute(llvm::Attributes::StructRet);
+        llvm::Attributes attrs = llvm::Attributes::get(context, attr_builder);
+        callinst->addAttribute (1, attrs);
+#else
+        callinst->addAttribute (1, llvm::Attribute::StructRet);
+#endif
+        ret = builder.CreateLoad (sret_mem);
+      }
 
-  return call (builder, llvm_args);
-}
+    if (mresult)
+      {
+        jit_type::convert_fn unpack = mresult->unpack (call_conv);
+        if (unpack)
+          ret = unpack (builder, ret);
+      }
+
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_function::call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                    const std::vector<llvm::Value *>& in_args) const
-{
-  if (! valid ())
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Call not implemented");
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_function::argument (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, size_t idx) const
+  {
+    assert (idx < args.size ());
+
+    // FIXME: We should be treating arguments like a list, not a vector.
+    // Shouldn't matter much for now, as the number of arguments shouldn't
+    // be much bigger than 4
+    llvm::Function::arg_iterator iter = llvm_function->arg_begin ();
+    if (sret ())
+      ++iter;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < idx; ++i, ++iter);
 
-  assert (in_args.size () == args.size ());
-  llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Value *, 10> llvm_args;
-  llvm_args.reserve (in_args.size () + sret ());
+    if (args[idx]->pointer_arg (call_conv))
+      return builder.CreateLoad (iter);
+
+    return iter;
+  }
 
-  llvm::BasicBlock *insert_block = builder.GetInsertBlock ();
-  llvm::Function *parent = insert_block->getParent ();
-  assert (parent);
+  void
+  jit_function::do_return (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value *rval,
+                           bool verify)
+  {
+    assert (! rval == ! mresult);
+
+    if (rval)
+      {
+        jit_type::convert_fn convert = mresult->pack (call_conv);
+        if (convert)
+          rval = convert (builder, rval);
 
-  // we insert allocas inside the prelude block to prevent stack overflows
-  llvm::BasicBlock& prelude = parent->getEntryBlock ();
-  llvm::IRBuilder<> pre_builder (&prelude, prelude.begin ());
+        if (sret ())
+          {
+            builder.CreateStore (rval, llvm_function->arg_begin ());
+            builder.CreateRetVoid ();
+          }
+        else
+          builder.CreateRet (rval);
+      }
+    else
+      builder.CreateRetVoid ();
+
+    if (verify)
+      llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
+  }
 
-  llvm::AllocaInst *sret_mem = nullptr;
-  if (sret ())
-    {
-      sret_mem = pre_builder.CreateAlloca (mresult->packed_type (call_conv));
-      llvm_args.push_back (sret_mem);
-    }
+  void
+  jit_function::do_add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, void *fn)
+  {
+    assert (valid ());
+    engine->addGlobalMapping (llvm_function, fn);
+  }
+
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn)
+  {
+    llvm::Function *lfn = fn.to_llvm ();
+    os << "jit_function: cc=" << fn.call_conv;
+    llvm::raw_os_ostream llvm_out (os);
+    lfn->print (llvm_out);
+    llvm_out.flush ();
+    return os;
+  }
 
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < in_args.size (); ++i)
-    {
-      llvm::Value *arg = in_args[i];
-      jit_type::convert_fn convert = args[i]->pack (call_conv);
-      if (convert)
-        arg = convert (builder, arg);
+  // -------------------- jit_operation --------------------
+  jit_operation::~jit_operation (void)
+  {
+    for (generated_map::iterator iter = generated.begin ();
+         iter != generated.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        delete iter->first;
+        delete iter->second;
+      }
+  }
 
-      if (args[i]->pointer_arg (call_conv))
+  void
+  jit_operation::add_overload (const jit_function& func,
+                               const std::vector<jit_type*>& args)
+  {
+    if (args.size () >= overloads.size ())
+      overloads.resize (args.size () + 1);
+
+    Array<jit_function>& over = overloads[args.size ()];
+    dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
+    Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (args);
+    bool must_resize = false;
+
+    if (dv.length () != idx.numel ())
+      {
+        dv.resize (idx.numel ());
+        must_resize = true;
+      }
+
+    for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
+      if (dv(i) <= idx(i))
         {
-          llvm::Type *ty = args[i]->packed_type (call_conv);
-          llvm::Value *alloca = pre_builder.CreateAlloca (ty);
-          builder.CreateStore (arg, alloca);
-          arg = alloca;
+          must_resize = true;
+          dv(i) = idx(i) + 1;
         }
 
-      llvm_args.push_back (arg);
-    }
+    if (must_resize)
+      over.resize (dv);
+
+    over(idx) = func;
+  }
+
+  const jit_function&
+  jit_operation::overload (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
+  {
+    static jit_function null_overload;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size (); ++i)
+      if (! types[i])
+        return null_overload;
+
+    if (types.size () >= overloads.size ())
+      return do_generate (types);
+
+    const Array<jit_function>& over = overloads[types.size ()];
+    dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
+    Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (types);
+    for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
+      if (idx(i) >= dv(i))
+        return do_generate (types);
+
+    const jit_function& ret = over(idx);
+    if (! ret.valid ())
+      return do_generate (types);
+
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  Array<octave_idx_type>
+  jit_operation::to_idx (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
+  {
+    octave_idx_type numel = types.size ();
+    numel = std::max (numel, static_cast<octave_idx_type>(2));
+
+    Array<octave_idx_type> idx (dim_vector (1, numel));
+    for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < static_cast<octave_idx_type> (types.size ());
+         ++i)
+      idx(i) = types[i]->type_id ();
+
+    if (types.size () == 0)
+      idx(0) = idx(1) = 0;
+    if (types.size () == 1)
+      {
+        idx(1) = idx(0);
+        idx(0) = 0;
+      }
+
+    return idx;
+  }
+
+  const jit_function&
+  jit_operation::do_generate (const signature_vec& types) const
+  {
+    static jit_function null_overload;
+    generated_map::const_iterator find = generated.find (&types);
+    if (find != generated.end ())
+      {
+        if (find->second)
+          return *find->second;
+        else
+          return null_overload;
+      }
+
+    jit_function *ret = generate (types);
+    generated[new signature_vec (types)] = ret;
+    return ret ? *ret : null_overload;
+  }
+
+  jit_function *
+  jit_operation::generate (const signature_vec&) const
+  {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  bool
+  jit_operation::signature_cmp::operator () (const signature_vec *lhs,
+                                             const signature_vec *rhs) const
+  {
+    const signature_vec& l = *lhs;
+    const signature_vec& r = *rhs;
+
+    if (l.size () < r.size ())
+      return true;
+    else if (l.size () > r.size ())
+      return false;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < l.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        if (l[i]->type_id () < r[i]->type_id ())
+          return true;
+        else if (l[i]->type_id () > r[i]->type_id ())
+          return false;
+      }
+
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_index_operation --------------------
+  jit_function *
+  jit_index_operation::generate (const signature_vec& types) const
+  {
+    if (types.size () > 2 && types[0] == jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ())
+      {
+        // indexing a matrix with scalars
+        jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
+        for (size_t i = 1; i < types.size (); ++i)
+          if (types[i] != scalar)
+            return 0;
+
+        return generate_matrix (types);
+      }
+
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_index_operation::create_arg_array (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                                         const jit_function& fn, size_t start_idx,
+                                         size_t end_idx) const
+  {
+    size_t n = end_idx - start_idx;
+    llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
+    llvm::ArrayType *array_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (scalar_t, n);
+    llvm::Value *array = llvm::UndefValue::get (array_t);
+    for (size_t i = start_idx; i < end_idx; ++i)
+      {
+        llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, i);
+        array = builder.CreateInsertValue (array, idx, i - start_idx);
+      }
 
-  llvm::CallInst *callinst = builder.CreateCall (llvm_function, llvm_args);
-  llvm::Value *ret = callinst;
+    llvm::Value *array_mem = builder.CreateAlloca (array_t);
+    builder.CreateStore (array, array_mem);
+    return builder.CreateBitCast (array_mem, scalar_t->getPointerTo ());
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_paren_subsref --------------------
+  jit_function *
+  jit_paren_subsref::generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const
+  {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    ss << "jit_paren_subsref_matrix_scalar" << (types.size () - 1);
+
+    jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
+    jit_function *fn = new jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
+                                         ss.str (), scalar, types);
+    fn->mark_can_error ();
+    llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn->new_block ();
+    llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (body);
+
+    llvm::Value *array = create_arg_array (builder, *fn, 1, types.size ());
+    jit_type *index = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
+    llvm::Value *nelem = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (),
+                                                 types.size () - 1);
+    llvm::Value *mat = fn->argument (builder, 0);
+    llvm::Value *ret = paren_scalar.call (builder, mat, array, nelem);
+    fn->do_return (builder, ret);
+    return fn;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_paren_subsref::do_initialize (void)
+  {
+    std::vector<jit_type *> types (3);
+    types[0] = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
+    types[1] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_ptr ();
+    types[2] = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
+
+    jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
+    paren_scalar = jit_function (module, jit_convention::external,
+                                 "octave_jit_paren_scalar", scalar, types);
+    paren_scalar.add_mapping (engine, &octave_jit_paren_scalar);
+    paren_scalar.mark_can_error ();
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_paren_subsasgn --------------------
+  jit_function *
+  jit_paren_subsasgn::generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const
+  {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    ss << "jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_scalar" << (types.size () - 2);
+
+    jit_type *matrix = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
+    jit_function *fn = new jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
+                                         ss.str (), matrix, types);
+    fn->mark_can_error ();
+    llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn->new_block ();
+    llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (body);
+
+    llvm::Value *array = create_arg_array (builder, *fn, 1, types.size () - 1);
+    jit_type *index = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
+    llvm::Value *nelem = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (),
+                                                 types.size () - 2);
+
+    llvm::Value *mat = fn->argument (builder, 0);
+    llvm::Value *value = fn->argument (builder, types.size () - 1);
+    llvm::Value *ret = paren_scalar.call (builder, mat, array, nelem, value);
+    fn->do_return (builder, ret);
+    return fn;
+  }
 
-  if (sret ())
+  void
+  jit_paren_subsasgn::do_initialize (void)
+  {
+    if (paren_scalar.valid ())
+      return;
+
+    jit_type *matrix = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
+    std::vector<jit_type *> types (4);
+    types[0] = matrix;
+    types[1] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_ptr ();
+    types[2] = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
+    types[3] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
+
+    paren_scalar = jit_function (module, jit_convention::external,
+                                 "octave_jit_paren_scalar", matrix, types);
+    paren_scalar.add_mapping (engine, &octave_jit_paren_scalar_subsasgn);
+    paren_scalar.mark_can_error ();
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_typeinfo --------------------
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::initialize (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e)
+  {
+    new jit_typeinfo (m, e);
+  }
+
+  // wrap function names to simplify jit_typeinfo::create_external
+#define JIT_FN(fn) engine, &fn, #fn
+
+  jit_typeinfo::jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e)
+    : module (m), engine (e), next_id (0),
+      builder (*new llvm::IRBuilderD (context))
+  {
+    instance = this;
+
+    // FIXME: We should be registering types like in octave_value_typeinfo
+    llvm::Type *any_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "octave_base_value");
+    any_t = any_t->getPointerTo ();
+
+    llvm::Type *scalar_t = llvm::Type::getDoubleTy (context);
+    llvm::Type *bool_t = llvm::Type::getInt1Ty (context);
+    llvm::Type *string_t = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty (context);
+    string_t = string_t->getPointerTo ();
+    llvm::Type *index_t = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context,
+                                                 sizeof(octave_idx_type) * 8);
+
+    llvm::StructType *range_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "range");
+    std::vector<llvm::Type *> range_contents (4, scalar_t);
+    range_contents[3] = index_t;
+    range_t->setBody (range_contents);
+
+    llvm::Type *refcount_t = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context, sizeof(int) * 8);
+
+    llvm::StructType *matrix_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "matrix");
+    llvm::Type *matrix_contents[5];
+    matrix_contents[0] = refcount_t->getPointerTo ();
+    matrix_contents[1] = scalar_t->getPointerTo ();
+    matrix_contents[2] = index_t;
+    matrix_contents[3] = index_t->getPointerTo ();
+    matrix_contents[4] = string_t;
+    matrix_t->setBody (llvm::makeArrayRef (matrix_contents, 5));
+
+    llvm::Type *complex_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (scalar_t, 2);
+
+    // complex_ret is what is passed to C functions in order to get calling
+    // convention right
+    llvm::Type *cmplx_inner_cont[] = {scalar_t, scalar_t};
+    llvm::StructType *cmplx_inner = llvm::StructType::create (cmplx_inner_cont);
+
+    complex_ret = llvm::StructType::create (context, "complex_ret");
     {
-#if defined (CALLINST_ADDATTRIBUTE_ARG_IS_ATTRIBUTES)
-      llvm::AttrBuilder attr_builder;
-      attr_builder.addAttribute(llvm::Attributes::StructRet);
-      llvm::Attributes attrs = llvm::Attributes::get(context, attr_builder);
-      callinst->addAttribute (1, attrs);
-#else
-      callinst->addAttribute (1, llvm::Attribute::StructRet);
-#endif
-      ret = builder.CreateLoad (sret_mem);
-    }
-
-  if (mresult)
-    {
-      jit_type::convert_fn unpack = mresult->unpack (call_conv);
-      if (unpack)
-        ret = unpack (builder, ret);
+      llvm::Type *contents[] = {cmplx_inner};
+      complex_ret->setBody (contents);
     }
 
-  return ret;
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_function::argument (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, size_t idx) const
-{
-  assert (idx < args.size ());
-
-  // FIXME: We should be treating arguments like a list, not a vector.
-  // Shouldn't matter much for now, as the number of arguments shouldn't
-  // be much bigger than 4
-  llvm::Function::arg_iterator iter = llvm_function->arg_begin ();
-  if (sret ())
-    ++iter;
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < idx; ++i, ++iter);
-
-  if (args[idx]->pointer_arg (call_conv))
-    return builder.CreateLoad (iter);
-
-  return iter;
-}
-
-void
-jit_function::do_return (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value *rval,
-                         bool verify)
-{
-  assert (! rval == ! mresult);
-
-  if (rval)
-    {
-      jit_type::convert_fn convert = mresult->pack (call_conv);
-      if (convert)
-        rval = convert (builder, rval);
-
-      if (sret ())
-        {
-          builder.CreateStore (rval, llvm_function->arg_begin ());
-          builder.CreateRetVoid ();
-        }
-      else
-        builder.CreateRet (rval);
-    }
-  else
-    builder.CreateRetVoid ();
+    // create types
+    any = new_type ("any", 0, any_t);
+    matrix = new_type ("matrix", any, matrix_t);
+    complex = new_type ("complex", any, complex_t);
+    scalar = new_type ("scalar", complex, scalar_t);
+    scalar_ptr = new_type ("scalar_ptr", 0, scalar_t->getPointerTo ());
+    any_ptr = new_type ("any_ptr", 0, any_t->getPointerTo ());
+    range = new_type ("range", any, range_t);
+    string = new_type ("string", any, string_t);
+    boolean = new_type ("bool", any, bool_t);
+    index = new_type ("index", any, index_t);
 
-  if (verify)
-    llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
-}
-
-void
-jit_function::do_add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, void *fn)
-{
-  assert (valid ());
-  engine->addGlobalMapping (llvm_function, fn);
-}
+    create_int (8);
+    create_int (16);
+    create_int (32);
+    create_int (64);
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<< (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn)
-{
-  llvm::Function *lfn = fn.to_llvm ();
-  os << "jit_function: cc=" << fn.call_conv;
-  llvm::raw_os_ostream llvm_out (os);
-  lfn->print (llvm_out);
-  llvm_out.flush ();
-  return os;
-}
+    casts.resize (next_id + 1);
+    identities.resize (next_id + 1);
 
-// -------------------- jit_operation --------------------
-jit_operation::~jit_operation (void)
-{
-  for (generated_map::iterator iter = generated.begin ();
-       iter != generated.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      delete iter->first;
-      delete iter->second;
-    }
-}
+    // specify calling conventions
+    // FIXME: We should detect architecture and do something sane based on that
+    // here we assume x86 or x86_64
+    matrix->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
+    matrix->mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::external);
 
-void
-jit_operation::add_overload (const jit_function& func,
-                             const std::vector<jit_type*>& args)
-{
-  if (args.size () >= overloads.size ())
-    overloads.resize (args.size () + 1);
-
-  Array<jit_function>& over = overloads[args.size ()];
-  dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
-  Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (args);
-  bool must_resize = false;
-
-  if (dv.length () != idx.numel ())
-    {
-      dv.resize (idx.numel ());
-      must_resize = true;
-    }
+    range->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
+    range->mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::external);
 
-  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
-    if (dv(i) <= idx(i))
-      {
-        must_resize = true;
-        dv(i) = idx(i) + 1;
-      }
-
-  if (must_resize)
-    over.resize (dv);
-
-  over(idx) = func;
-}
-
-const jit_function&
-jit_operation::overload (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
-{
-  static jit_function null_overload;
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < types.size (); ++i)
-    if (! types[i])
-      return null_overload;
-
-  if (types.size () >= overloads.size ())
-    return do_generate (types);
+    complex->set_pack (jit_convention::external, &jit_typeinfo::pack_complex);
+    complex->set_unpack (jit_convention::external, &jit_typeinfo::unpack_complex);
+    complex->set_packed_type (jit_convention::external, complex_ret);
 
-  const Array<jit_function>& over = overloads[types.size ()];
-  dim_vector dv (over.dims ());
-  Array<octave_idx_type> idx = to_idx (types);
-  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < dv.length (); ++i)
-    if (idx(i) >= dv(i))
-      return do_generate (types);
-
-  const jit_function& ret = over(idx);
-  if (! ret.valid ())
-    return do_generate (types);
+    if (sizeof (void *) == 4)
+      complex->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
 
-  return ret;
-}
-
-Array<octave_idx_type>
-jit_operation::to_idx (const std::vector<jit_type*>& types) const
-{
-  octave_idx_type numel = types.size ();
-  numel = std::max (numel, static_cast<octave_idx_type>(2));
-
-  Array<octave_idx_type> idx (dim_vector (1, numel));
-  for (octave_idx_type i = 0; i < static_cast<octave_idx_type> (types.size ());
-       ++i)
-    idx(i) = types[i]->type_id ();
+    paren_subsref_fn.initialize (module, engine);
+    paren_subsasgn_fn.initialize (module, engine);
 
-  if (types.size () == 0)
-    idx(0) = idx(1) = 0;
-  if (types.size () == 1)
-    {
-      idx(1) = idx(0);
-      idx(0) = 0;
-    }
-
-  return idx;
-}
-
-const jit_function&
-jit_operation::do_generate (const signature_vec& types) const
-{
-  static jit_function null_overload;
-  generated_map::const_iterator find = generated.find (&types);
-  if (find != generated.end ())
-    {
-      if (find->second)
-        return *find->second;
-      else
-        return null_overload;
-    }
+    // bind global variables
+    lerror_state = new llvm::GlobalVariable (*module, bool_t, false,
+                                             llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
+                                             0, "error_state");
+    engine->addGlobalMapping (lerror_state,
+                              reinterpret_cast<void *> (&error_state));
 
-  jit_function *ret = generate (types);
-  generated[new signature_vec (types)] = ret;
-  return ret ? *ret : null_overload;
-}
-
-jit_function *
-jit_operation::generate (const signature_vec&) const
-{
-  return 0;
-}
+    // sig_atomic_type is going to be some sort of integer
+    sig_atomic_type = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context, sizeof(sig_atomic_t) * 8);
+    loctave_interrupt_state
+      = new llvm::GlobalVariable (*module, sig_atomic_type, false,
+                                  llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage, 0,
+                                  "octave_interrupt_state");
+    engine->addGlobalMapping (loctave_interrupt_state,
+                              reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_interrupt_state));
 
-bool
-jit_operation::signature_cmp::operator () (const signature_vec *lhs,
-                                           const signature_vec *rhs) const
-{
-  const signature_vec& l = *lhs;
-  const signature_vec& r = *rhs;
-
-  if (l.size () < r.size ())
-    return true;
-  else if (l.size () > r.size ())
-    return false;
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < l.size (); ++i)
+    // generic call function
     {
-      if (l[i]->type_id () < r[i]->type_id ())
-        return true;
-      else if (l[i]->type_id () > r[i]->type_id ())
-        return false;
+      jit_type *int_t = intN (sizeof (octave_builtin::fcn) * 8);
+      any_call = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_call), any, int_t, int_t,
+                                  any_ptr, int_t);
     }
 
-  return false;
-}
+    // any with anything is an any op
+    jit_function fn;
+    jit_type *binary_op_type = intN (sizeof (octave_value::binary_op) * 8);
+    llvm::Type *llvm_bo_type = binary_op_type->to_llvm ();
+    jit_function any_binary = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_binary_any_any),
+                                               any, binary_op_type, any, any);
+    any_binary.mark_can_error ();
+    binary_ops.resize (octave_value::num_binary_ops);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < octave_value::num_binary_ops; ++i)
+      {
+        octave_value::binary_op op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op> (i);
+        std::string op_name = octave_value::binary_op_as_string (op);
+        binary_ops[i].stash_name ("binary" + op_name);
+      }
+
+    unary_ops.resize (octave_value::num_unary_ops);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < octave_value::num_unary_ops; ++i)
+      {
+        octave_value::unary_op op = static_cast<octave_value::unary_op> (i);
+        std::string op_name = octave_value::unary_op_as_string (op);
+        unary_ops[i].stash_name ("unary" + op_name);
+      }
+
+    for (int op = 0; op < octave_value::num_binary_ops; ++op)
+      {
+        llvm::Twine fn_name ("octave_jit_binary_any_any_");
+        fn_name = fn_name + llvm::Twine (op);
 
-// -------------------- jit_index_operation --------------------
-jit_function *
-jit_index_operation::generate (const signature_vec& types) const
-{
-  if (types.size () > 2 && types[0] == jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ())
-    {
-      // indexing a matrix with scalars
-      jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
-      for (size_t i = 1; i < types.size (); ++i)
-        if (types[i] != scalar)
-          return 0;
+        fn = create_internal (fn_name, any, any, any);
+        fn.mark_can_error ();
+        llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
+        builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+        llvm::APInt op_int(sizeof (octave_value::binary_op) * 8, op,
+                           std::numeric_limits<octave_value::binary_op>::is_signed);
+        llvm::Value *op_as_llvm = llvm::ConstantInt::get (llvm_bo_type, op_int);
+        llvm::Value *ret = any_binary.call (builder, op_as_llvm,
+                                            fn.argument (builder, 0),
+                                            fn.argument (builder, 1));
+        fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+        binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
+      }
+
+    // grab matrix
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_grab_matrix), matrix, matrix);
+    grab_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (scalar));
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (scalar_ptr));
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (any_ptr));
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (boolean));
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (complex));
+    grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (index));
 
-      return generate_matrix (types);
-    }
+    // release any
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_release_any), 0, any);
+    release_fn.add_overload (fn);
+    release_fn.stash_name ("release");
+
+    // release matrix
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_release_matrix), 0, matrix);
+    release_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // destroy
+    destroy_fn = release_fn;
+    destroy_fn.stash_name ("destroy");
+    destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(scalar));
+    destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(boolean));
+    destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(index));
+    destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(complex));
+
+    // -------------------- scalar related operations --------------------
+
+    // now for binary scalar operations
+    add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_add, llvm::Instruction::FAdd);
+    add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_sub, llvm::Instruction::FSub);
+    add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
+    add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_el_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
 
-  return 0;
-}
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_lt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULT);
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_le, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULE);
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_eq, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UEQ);
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ge, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGE);
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_gt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGT);
+    add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ne, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UNE);
+
+    jit_function gripe_div0 = create_external (JIT_FN (warn_divide_by_zero), 0);
+    gripe_div0.mark_can_error ();
+
+    // divide is annoying because it might error
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_div_scalar_scalar", scalar, scalar, scalar);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::BasicBlock *warn_block = fn.new_block ("warn");
+      llvm::BasicBlock *normal_block = fn.new_block ("normal");
+
+      llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
+      llvm::Value *check = builder.CreateFCmpUEQ (zero, fn.argument (builder, 1));
+      builder.CreateCondBr (check, warn_block, normal_block);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (warn_block);
+      gripe_div0.call (builder);
+      builder.CreateBr (normal_block);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (normal_block);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFDiv (fn.argument (builder, 0),
+                                             fn.argument (builder, 1));
+      fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_div].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_div].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // ldiv is the same as div with the operators reversed
+    fn = mirror_binary (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_index_operation::create_arg_array (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                                       const jit_function& fn, size_t start_idx,
-                                       size_t end_idx) const
-{
-  size_t n = end_idx - start_idx;
-  llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
-  llvm::ArrayType *array_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (scalar_t, n);
-  llvm::Value *array = llvm::UndefValue::get (array_t);
-  for (size_t i = start_idx; i < end_idx; ++i)
+    // In general, the result of scalar ^ scalar is a complex number.  We might
+    // be able to improve on this if we keep track of the range of values
+    // variables can take on.
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar), complex, scalar,
+                          scalar);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // now for unary scalar operations
+    // FIXME: Impelment not
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_++", scalar, scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
     {
-      llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, i);
-      array = builder.CreateInsertValue (array, idx, i - start_idx);
+      llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 1);
+      llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      val = builder.CreateFAdd (val, one);
+      fn.do_return (builder, val);
     }
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_incr].add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::Value *array_mem = builder.CreateAlloca (array_t);
-  builder.CreateStore (array, array_mem);
-  return builder.CreateBitCast (array_mem, scalar_t->getPointerTo ());
-}
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_--", scalar, scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 1);
+      llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      val = builder.CreateFSub (val, one);
+      fn.do_return (builder, val);
+    }
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_decr].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_uminus", scalar, scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *mone = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, -1);
+      llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      val = builder.CreateFMul (val, mone);
+      fn.do_return (builder, val);
+    }
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_uminus].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_identity (scalar);
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_uplus].add_overload (fn);
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_transpose].add_overload (fn);
+    unary_ops[octave_value::op_hermitian].add_overload (fn);
 
-// -------------------- jit_paren_subsref --------------------
-jit_function *
-jit_paren_subsref::generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const
-{
-  std::stringstream ss;
-  ss << "jit_paren_subsref_matrix_scalar" << (types.size () - 1);
+    // now for binary complex operations
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_+_complex_complex", complex, complex,
+                          complex);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFAdd (complex_real (lhs),
+                                              complex_real (rhs));
+      llvm::Value *imag = builder.CreateFAdd (complex_imag (lhs),
+                                              complex_imag (rhs));
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (real, imag));
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_complex_complex", complex, complex,
+                          complex);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (complex_real (lhs),
+                                              complex_real (rhs));
+      llvm::Value *imag = builder.CreateFSub (complex_imag (lhs),
+                                              complex_imag (rhs));
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (real, imag));
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_complex_mul),
+                          complex, complex, complex);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
+
+    jit_function complex_div = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_complex_div),
+                                                complex, complex, complex);
+    complex_div.mark_can_error ();
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_div].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_complex_complex), complex,
+                          complex, complex);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
 
-  jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
-  jit_function *fn = new jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
-                                       ss.str (), scalar, types);
-  fn->mark_can_error ();
-  llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn->new_block ();
-  llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (body);
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_*_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
+                          complex);
+    jit_function mul_scalar_complex = fn;
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::BasicBlock *complex_mul = fn.new_block ("complex_mul");
+      llvm::BasicBlock *scalar_mul = fn.new_block ("scalar_mul");
+
+      llvm::Value *fzero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+
+      llvm::Value *cmp = builder.CreateFCmpUEQ (complex_imag (rhs), fzero);
+      builder.CreateCondBr (cmp, scalar_mul, complex_mul);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (scalar_mul);
+      llvm::Value *temp = complex_real (rhs);
+      temp = builder.CreateFMul (lhs, temp);
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (temp, fzero), false);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (complex_mul);
+      temp = complex_new (builder.CreateFMul (lhs, complex_real (rhs)),
+                          builder.CreateFMul (lhs, complex_imag (rhs)));
+      fn.do_return (builder, temp);
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = mirror_binary (mul_scalar_complex);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_+_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
+                          complex);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFAdd (lhs, complex_real (rhs));
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (rhs, real));
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = mirror_binary (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::Value *array = create_arg_array (builder, *fn, 1, types.size ());
-  jit_type *index = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
-  llvm::Value *nelem = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (),
-                                               types.size () - 1);
-  llvm::Value *mat = fn->argument (builder, 0);
-  llvm::Value *ret = paren_scalar.call (builder, mat, array, nelem);
-  fn->do_return (builder, ret);
-  return fn;
-}
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_complex_scalar", complex, complex,
+                          scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (complex_real (lhs), rhs);
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (lhs, real));
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
+                          complex);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (lhs, complex_real (rhs));
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (rhs, real));
+    }
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_scalar_complex), complex, scalar,
+                          complex);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_complex_scalar), complex,
+                          complex, scalar);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
+    binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // now for binary index operators
+    add_binary_op (index, octave_value::op_add, llvm::Instruction::Add);
+
+    // and binary bool operators
+    add_binary_op (boolean, octave_value::op_el_or, llvm::Instruction::Or);
+    add_binary_op (boolean, octave_value::op_el_and, llvm::Instruction::And);
+
+    // now for printing functions
+    print_fn.stash_name ("print");
+    add_print (any, reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_jit_print_any));
+    add_print (scalar, reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_jit_print_scalar));
 
-void
-jit_paren_subsref::do_initialize (void)
-{
-  std::vector<jit_type *> types (3);
-  types[0] = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
-  types[1] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_ptr ();
-  types[2] = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
+    // initialize for loop
+    for_init_fn.stash_name ("for_init");
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_init", index, range);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 0);
+      fn.do_return (builder, zero);
+    }
+    for_init_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // bounds check for for loop
+    for_check_fn.stash_name ("for_check");
 
-  jit_type *scalar = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
-  paren_scalar = jit_function (module, jit_convention::external,
-                               "octave_jit_paren_scalar", scalar, types);
-  paren_scalar.add_mapping (engine, &octave_jit_paren_scalar);
-  paren_scalar.mark_can_error ();
-}
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_check", boolean, range, index);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *nelem
+        = builder.CreateExtractValue (fn.argument (builder, 0), 3);
+      llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmpULT (idx, nelem);
+      fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    }
+    for_check_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // index variabe for for loop
+    for_index_fn.stash_name ("for_index");
 
-// -------------------- jit_paren_subsasgn --------------------
-jit_function *
-jit_paren_subsasgn::generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const
-{
-  std::stringstream ss;
-  ss << "jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_scalar" << (types.size () - 2);
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_idx", scalar, range, index);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *didx = builder.CreateSIToFP (idx, scalar_t);
+      llvm::Value *rng = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *base = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 0);
+      llvm::Value *inc = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 2);
+
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFMul (didx, inc);
+      ret = builder.CreateFAdd (base, ret);
+      fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    }
+    for_index_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // logically true
+    logically_true_fn.stash_name ("logically_true");
 
-  jit_type *matrix = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
-  jit_function *fn = new jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
-                                       ss.str (), matrix, types);
-  fn->mark_can_error ();
-  llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn->new_block ();
-  llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (body);
+    jit_function gripe_nantl
+      = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_err_nan_to_logical_conversion), 0);
+    gripe_nantl.mark_can_error ();
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_logically_true_scalar", boolean, scalar);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::BasicBlock *error_block = fn.new_block ("error");
+      llvm::BasicBlock *normal_block = fn.new_block ("normal");
+
+      llvm::Value *check = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (fn.argument (builder, 0),
+                                                  fn.argument (builder, 0));
+      builder.CreateCondBr (check, error_block, normal_block);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (error_block);
+      gripe_nantl.call (builder);
+      builder.CreateBr (normal_block);
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (normal_block);
+
+      llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmpONE (fn.argument (builder, 0), zero);
+      fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    }
+    logically_true_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // logically_true boolean
+    fn = create_identity (boolean);
+    logically_true_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // make_range
+    // FIXME: May be benificial to implement all in LLVM
+    make_range_fn.stash_name ("make_range");
+    jit_function compute_nelem
+      = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_compute_nelem),
+                         index, scalar, scalar, scalar);
 
-  llvm::Value *array = create_arg_array (builder, *fn, 1, types.size () - 1);
-  jit_type *index = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
-  llvm::Value *nelem = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index->to_llvm (),
-                                               types.size () - 2);
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_make_range", range, scalar, scalar, scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *base = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *limit = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *inc = fn.argument (builder, 2);
+      llvm::Value *nelem = compute_nelem.call (builder, base, limit, inc);
+
+      llvm::Value *dzero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
+      llvm::Value *izero = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 0);
+      llvm::Value *rng = llvm::ConstantStruct::get (range_t, dzero, dzero, dzero,
+                                                    izero, NULL);
+      rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, base, 0);
+      rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, limit, 1);
+      rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, inc, 2);
+      rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, nelem, 3);
+      fn.do_return (builder, rng);
+    }
+    make_range_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::Value *mat = fn->argument (builder, 0);
-  llvm::Value *value = fn->argument (builder, types.size () - 1);
-  llvm::Value *ret = paren_scalar.call (builder, mat, array, nelem, value);
-  fn->do_return (builder, ret);
-  return fn;
-}
+    // paren_subsref
+    jit_type *jit_int = intN (sizeof (int) * 8);
+    llvm::Type *int_t = jit_int->to_llvm ();
+    jit_function ginvalid_index
+      = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_ginvalid_index), 0);
+    jit_function gindex_range = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_gindex_range),
+                                                 0, jit_int, jit_int, index,
+                                                 index);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("()subsref", scalar, matrix, scalar);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *one_idx = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 1);
+      llvm::Value *one_int = llvm::ConstantInt::get (int_t, 1);
+
+      llvm::Value *undef = llvm::UndefValue::get (scalar_t);
+      llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
 
-void
-jit_paren_subsasgn::do_initialize (void)
-{
-  if (paren_scalar.valid ())
-    return;
+      // convert index to scalar to integer, and check index >= 1
+      llvm::Value *int_idx = builder.CreateFPToSI (idx, index_t);
+      llvm::Value *check_idx = builder.CreateSIToFP (int_idx, scalar_t);
+      llvm::Value *cond0 = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (idx, check_idx);
+      llvm::Value *cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSLT (int_idx, one_idx);
+      llvm::Value *cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
+
+      llvm::BasicBlock *done = fn.new_block ("done");
+      llvm::BasicBlock *conv_error = fn.new_block ("conv_error", done);
+      llvm::BasicBlock *normal = fn.new_block ("normal", done);
+      builder.CreateCondBr (cond, conv_error, normal);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (conv_error);
+      ginvalid_index.call (builder);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (normal);
+      llvm::Value *len
+        = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (2));
+      cond = builder.CreateICmpSGT (int_idx, len);
 
-  jit_type *matrix = jit_typeinfo::get_matrix ();
-  std::vector<jit_type *> types (4);
-  types[0] = matrix;
-  types[1] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_ptr ();
-  types[2] = jit_typeinfo::get_index ();
-  types[3] = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ();
+      llvm::BasicBlock *bounds_error = fn.new_block ("bounds_error", done);
+      llvm::BasicBlock *success = fn.new_block ("success", done);
+      builder.CreateCondBr (cond, bounds_error, success);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (bounds_error);
+      gindex_range.call (builder, one_int, one_int, int_idx, len);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (success);
+      llvm::Value *data = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat,
+                                                      llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (1));
+      llvm::Value *gep = builder.CreateInBoundsGEP (data, int_idx);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateLoad (gep);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (done);
+
+      llvm::PHINode *merge = llvm::PHINode::Create (scalar_t, 3);
+      builder.Insert (merge);
+      merge->addIncoming (undef, conv_error);
+      merge->addIncoming (undef, bounds_error);
+      merge->addIncoming (ret, success);
+      fn.do_return (builder, merge);
+    }
+    paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  paren_scalar = jit_function (module, jit_convention::external,
-                               "octave_jit_paren_scalar", matrix, types);
-  paren_scalar.add_mapping (engine, &octave_jit_paren_scalar_subsasgn);
-  paren_scalar.mark_can_error ();
-}
+    // paren subsasgn
+    paren_subsasgn_fn.stash_name ("()subsasgn");
+
+    jit_function resize_paren_subsasgn
+      = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_impl), matrix, matrix,
+                         index, scalar);
+
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_paren_subsasgn", matrix, matrix, scalar,
+                          scalar);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *one_idx = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 1);
+      llvm::Value *one_int = llvm::ConstantInt::get (int_t, 1);
+
+      llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
+      llvm::Value *value = fn.argument (builder, 2);
 
-// -------------------- jit_typeinfo --------------------
-void
-jit_typeinfo::initialize (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e)
-{
-  new jit_typeinfo (m, e);
-}
+      llvm::Value *int_idx = builder.CreateFPToSI (idx, index_t);
+      llvm::Value *check_idx = builder.CreateSIToFP (int_idx, scalar_t);
+      llvm::Value *cond0 = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (idx, check_idx);
+      llvm::Value *cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSLT (int_idx, one_idx);
+      llvm::Value *cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
+
+      llvm::BasicBlock *done = fn.new_block ("done");
+
+      llvm::BasicBlock *conv_error = fn.new_block ("conv_error", done);
+      llvm::BasicBlock *normal = fn.new_block ("normal", done);
+      builder.CreateCondBr (cond, conv_error, normal);
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (conv_error);
+      ginvalid_index.call (builder);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (normal);
+      llvm::Value *len = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 2);
+      cond0 = builder.CreateICmpSGT (int_idx, len);
+
+      llvm::Value *rcount = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 0);
+      rcount = builder.CreateLoad (rcount);
+      cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSGT (rcount, one_int);
+      cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
+
+      llvm::BasicBlock *bounds_error = fn.new_block ("bounds_error", done);
+      llvm::BasicBlock *success = fn.new_block ("success", done);
+      builder.CreateCondBr (cond, bounds_error, success);
 
-// wrap function names to simplify jit_typeinfo::create_external
-#define JIT_FN(fn) engine, &fn, #fn
+      // resize on out of bounds access
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (bounds_error);
+      llvm::Value *resize_result = resize_paren_subsasgn.call (builder, mat,
+                                                               int_idx, value);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (success);
+      llvm::Value *data
+        = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (1));
+      llvm::Value *gep = builder.CreateInBoundsGEP (data, int_idx);
+      builder.CreateStore (value, gep);
+      builder.CreateBr (done);
+
+      builder.SetInsertPoint (done);
 
-jit_typeinfo::jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e)
-  : module (m), engine (e), next_id (0),
-    builder (*new llvm::IRBuilderD (context))
-{
-  instance = this;
+      llvm::PHINode *merge = llvm::PHINode::Create (matrix_t, 3);
+      builder.Insert (merge);
+      merge->addIncoming (mat, conv_error);
+      merge->addIncoming (resize_result, bounds_error);
+      merge->addIncoming (mat, success);
+      fn.do_return (builder, merge);
+    }
+    paren_subsasgn_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_range), matrix,
+                          matrix, range, scalar);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+    paren_subsasgn_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    end1_fn.stash_name ("end1");
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_end1_matrix", scalar, matrix, index, index);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
+      llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 2);
+      fn.do_return (builder, builder.CreateSIToFP (ret, scalar_t));
+    }
+    end1_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  // FIXME: We should be registering types like in octave_value_typeinfo
-  llvm::Type *any_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "octave_base_value");
-  any_t = any_t->getPointerTo ();
+    end_fn.stash_name ("end");
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_end_matrix),scalar, matrix, index,
+                          index);
+    end_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    // -------------------- create_undef --------------------
+    create_undef_fn.stash_name ("create_undef");
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_create_undef), any);
+    create_undef_fn.add_overload (fn);
+
+    casts[any->type_id ()].stash_name ("(any)");
+    casts[scalar->type_id ()].stash_name ("(scalar)");
+    casts[complex->type_id ()].stash_name ("(complex)");
+    casts[matrix->type_id ()].stash_name ("(matrix)");
+    casts[range->type_id ()].stash_name ("(range)");
+
+    // cast any <- matrix
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_matrix), any, matrix);
+    casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast matrix <- any
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_matrix_any), matrix, any);
+    casts[matrix->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::Type *scalar_t = llvm::Type::getDoubleTy (context);
-  llvm::Type *bool_t = llvm::Type::getInt1Ty (context);
-  llvm::Type *string_t = llvm::Type::getInt8Ty (context);
-  string_t = string_t->getPointerTo ();
-  llvm::Type *index_t = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context,
-                                               sizeof(octave_idx_type) * 8);
+    // cast any <- range
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_range), any, range);
+    casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast range <- any
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_range_any), range, any);
+    casts[range->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast any <- scalar
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_scalar), any, scalar);
+    casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast scalar <- any
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_scalar_any), scalar, any);
+    casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast any <- complex
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_complex), any, complex);
+    casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast complex <- any
+    fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_complex_any), complex, any);
+    casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::StructType *range_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "range");
-  std::vector<llvm::Type *> range_contents (4, scalar_t);
-  range_contents[3] = index_t;
-  range_t->setBody (range_contents);
+    // cast complex <- scalar
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_cast_complex_scalar", complex, scalar);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    {
+      llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
+      fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (fn.argument (builder, 0), zero));
+    }
+    casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast scalar <- complex
+    fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_cast_scalar_complex", scalar, complex);
+    body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (fn.argument (builder, 0)));
+    casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast any <- any
+    fn = create_identity (any);
+    casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
 
-  llvm::Type *refcount_t = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context, sizeof(int) * 8);
+    // cast scalar <- scalar
+    fn = create_identity (scalar);
+    casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // cast complex <- complex
+    fn = create_identity (complex);
+    casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+
+    // -------------------- builtin functions --------------------
+    add_builtin ("#unknown_function");
+    unknown_function = builtins["#unknown_function"];
+
+    add_builtin ("sin");
+    register_intrinsic ("sin", llvm::Intrinsic::sin, scalar, scalar);
+    register_generic ("sin", matrix, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("cos");
+    register_intrinsic ("cos", llvm::Intrinsic::cos, scalar, scalar);
+    register_generic ("cos", matrix, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("exp");
+    register_intrinsic ("exp", llvm::Intrinsic::exp, scalar, scalar);
+    register_generic ("exp", matrix, matrix);
 
-  llvm::StructType *matrix_t = llvm::StructType::create (context, "matrix");
-  llvm::Type *matrix_contents[5];
-  matrix_contents[0] = refcount_t->getPointerTo ();
-  matrix_contents[1] = scalar_t->getPointerTo ();
-  matrix_contents[2] = index_t;
-  matrix_contents[3] = index_t->getPointerTo ();
-  matrix_contents[4] = string_t;
-  matrix_t->setBody (llvm::makeArrayRef (matrix_contents, 5));
+    add_builtin ("balance");
+    register_generic ("balance", matrix, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("cond");
+    register_generic ("cond", scalar, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("det");
+    register_generic ("det", scalar, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("norm");
+    register_generic ("norm", scalar, matrix);
+
+    add_builtin ("rand");
+    register_generic ("rand", matrix, scalar);
+    register_generic ("rand", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
+
+    add_builtin ("magic");
+    register_generic ("magic", matrix, scalar);
+    register_generic ("magic", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
+
+    add_builtin ("eye");
+    register_generic ("eye", matrix, scalar);
+    register_generic ("eye", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
 
-  llvm::Type *complex_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (scalar_t, 2);
+    add_builtin ("mod");
+    register_generic ("mod", scalar, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
+
+    casts.resize (next_id + 1);
+    jit_function any_id = create_identity (any);
+    jit_function grab_any = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_grab_any),
+                                             any, any);
+    jit_function release_any = get_release (any);
+    std::vector<jit_type *> args;
+    args.resize (1);
 
-  // complex_ret is what is passed to C functions in order to get calling
-  // convention right
-  llvm::Type *cmplx_inner_cont[] = {scalar_t, scalar_t};
-  llvm::StructType *cmplx_inner = llvm::StructType::create (cmplx_inner_cont);
+    for (std::map<std::string, jit_type *>::iterator iter = builtins.begin ();
+         iter != builtins.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_type *btype = iter->second;
+        args[0] = btype;
 
-  complex_ret = llvm::StructType::create (context, "complex_ret");
-  {
-    llvm::Type *contents[] = {cmplx_inner};
-    complex_ret->setBody (contents);
+        grab_fn.add_overload (jit_function (grab_any, btype, args));
+        release_fn.add_overload (jit_function (release_any, 0, args));
+        casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (jit_function (any_id, any, args));
+
+        args[0] = any;
+        casts[btype->type_id ()].add_overload (jit_function (any_id, btype,
+                                                             args));
+      }
   }
 
-  // create types
-  any = new_type ("any", 0, any_t);
-  matrix = new_type ("matrix", any, matrix_t);
-  complex = new_type ("complex", any, complex_t);
-  scalar = new_type ("scalar", complex, scalar_t);
-  scalar_ptr = new_type ("scalar_ptr", 0, scalar_t->getPointerTo ());
-  any_ptr = new_type ("any_ptr", 0, any_t->getPointerTo ());
-  range = new_type ("range", any, range_t);
-  string = new_type ("string", any, string_t);
-  boolean = new_type ("bool", any, bool_t);
-  index = new_type ("index", any, index_t);
+  const jit_function&
+  jit_typeinfo::do_end (jit_value *value, jit_value *idx, jit_value *count)
+  {
+    jit_const_index *ccount = dynamic_cast<jit_const_index *> (count);
+    if (ccount && ccount->value () == 1)
+      return end1_fn.overload (value->type (), idx->type (), count->type ());
 
-  create_int (8);
-  create_int (16);
-  create_int (32);
-  create_int (64);
-
-  casts.resize (next_id + 1);
-  identities.resize (next_id + 1);
-
-  // specify calling conventions
-  // FIXME: We should detect architecture and do something sane based on that
-  // here we assume x86 or x86_64
-  matrix->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
-  matrix->mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::external);
-
-  range->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
-  range->mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::external);
+    return end_fn.overload (value->type (), idx->type (), count->type ());
+  }
 
-  complex->set_pack (jit_convention::external, &jit_typeinfo::pack_complex);
-  complex->set_unpack (jit_convention::external, &jit_typeinfo::unpack_complex);
-  complex->set_packed_type (jit_convention::external, complex_ret);
-
-  if (sizeof (void *) == 4)
-    complex->mark_sret (jit_convention::external);
-
-  paren_subsref_fn.initialize (module, engine);
-  paren_subsasgn_fn.initialize (module, engine);
+  jit_type*
+  jit_typeinfo::new_type (const std::string& name, jit_type *parent,
+                          llvm::Type *llvm_type, bool skip_paren)
+  {
+    jit_type *ret = new jit_type (name, parent, llvm_type, skip_paren, next_id++);
+    id_to_type.push_back (ret);
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-  // bind global variables
-  lerror_state = new llvm::GlobalVariable (*module, bool_t, false,
-                                           llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage,
-                                           0, "error_state");
-  engine->addGlobalMapping (lerror_state,
-                            reinterpret_cast<void *> (&error_state));
-
-  // sig_atomic_type is going to be some sort of integer
-  sig_atomic_type = llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context, sizeof(sig_atomic_t) * 8);
-  loctave_interrupt_state
-    = new llvm::GlobalVariable (*module, sig_atomic_type, false,
-                                llvm::GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage, 0,
-                                "octave_interrupt_state");
-  engine->addGlobalMapping (loctave_interrupt_state,
-                            reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_interrupt_state));
-
-  // generic call function
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::add_print (jit_type *ty, void *fptr)
   {
-    jit_type *int_t = intN (sizeof (octave_builtin::fcn) * 8);
-    any_call = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_call), any, int_t, int_t,
-                                any_ptr, int_t);
+    std::stringstream name;
+    name << "octave_jit_print_" << ty->name ();
+    jit_function fn = create_external (engine, fptr, name.str (),
+                                       0, intN (8), ty);
+    print_fn.add_overload (fn);
   }
 
-  // any with anything is an any op
-  jit_function fn;
-  jit_type *binary_op_type = intN (sizeof (octave_value::binary_op) * 8);
-  llvm::Type *llvm_bo_type = binary_op_type->to_llvm ();
-  jit_function any_binary = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_binary_any_any),
-                                             any, binary_op_type, any, any);
-  any_binary.mark_can_error ();
-  binary_ops.resize (octave_value::num_binary_ops);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < octave_value::num_binary_ops; ++i)
-    {
-      octave_value::binary_op op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op> (i);
-      std::string op_name = octave_value::binary_op_as_string (op);
-      binary_ops[i].stash_name ("binary" + op_name);
-    }
-
-  unary_ops.resize (octave_value::num_unary_ops);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < octave_value::num_unary_ops; ++i)
-    {
-      octave_value::unary_op op = static_cast<octave_value::unary_op> (i);
-      std::string op_name = octave_value::unary_op_as_string (op);
-      unary_ops[i].stash_name ("unary" + op_name);
-    }
+  // FIXME: cp between add_binary_op, add_binary_icmp, and add_binary_fcmp
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
+  {
+    std::stringstream fname;
+    octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+    fname << "octave_jit_" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+          << '_' << ty->name ();
 
-  for (int op = 0; op < octave_value::num_binary_ops; ++op)
-    {
-      llvm::Twine fn_name ("octave_jit_binary_any_any_");
-      fn_name = fn_name + llvm::Twine (op);
-
-      fn = create_internal (fn_name, any, any, any);
-      fn.mark_can_error ();
-      llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
-      builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-      llvm::APInt op_int(sizeof (octave_value::binary_op) * 8, op,
-                         std::numeric_limits<octave_value::binary_op>::is_signed);
-      llvm::Value *op_as_llvm = llvm::ConstantInt::get (llvm_bo_type, op_int);
-      llvm::Value *ret = any_binary.call (builder, op_as_llvm,
-                                          fn.argument (builder, 0),
-                                          fn.argument (builder, 1));
-      fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-      binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
-    }
-
-  // grab matrix
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_grab_matrix), matrix, matrix);
-  grab_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (scalar));
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (scalar_ptr));
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (any_ptr));
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (boolean));
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (complex));
-  grab_fn.add_overload (create_identity (index));
+    jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), ty, ty, ty);
+    llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+    llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps temp
+      = static_cast<llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps>(llvm_op);
 
-  // release any
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_release_any), 0, any);
-  release_fn.add_overload (fn);
-  release_fn.stash_name ("release");
-
-  // release matrix
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_release_matrix), 0, matrix);
-  release_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  // destroy
-  destroy_fn = release_fn;
-  destroy_fn.stash_name ("destroy");
-  destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(scalar));
-  destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(boolean));
-  destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(index));
-  destroy_fn.add_overload (create_identity(complex));
-
-  // -------------------- scalar related operations --------------------
-
-  // now for binary scalar operations
-  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_add, llvm::Instruction::FAdd);
-  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_sub, llvm::Instruction::FSub);
-  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
-  add_binary_op (scalar, octave_value::op_el_mul, llvm::Instruction::FMul);
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateBinOp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
+                                            fn.argument (builder, 1));
+    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
+  }
 
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_lt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULT);
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_le, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_ULE);
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_eq, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UEQ);
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ge, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGE);
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_gt, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UGT);
-  add_binary_fcmp (scalar, octave_value::op_ne, llvm::CmpInst::FCMP_UNE);
-
-  jit_function gripe_div0 = create_external (JIT_FN (warn_divide_by_zero), 0);
-  gripe_div0.mark_can_error ();
-
-  // divide is annoying because it might error
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_div_scalar_scalar", scalar, scalar, scalar);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
+  {
+    std::stringstream fname;
+    octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+    fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+          << '_' << ty->name ();
 
-  llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::BasicBlock *warn_block = fn.new_block ("warn");
-    llvm::BasicBlock *normal_block = fn.new_block ("normal");
-
-    llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
-    llvm::Value *check = builder.CreateFCmpUEQ (zero, fn.argument (builder, 1));
-    builder.CreateCondBr (check, warn_block, normal_block);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (warn_block);
-    gripe_div0.call (builder);
-    builder.CreateBr (normal_block);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (normal_block);
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFDiv (fn.argument (builder, 0),
+    jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
+    llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+    llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
+      = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
                                            fn.argument (builder, 1));
     fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_div].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_div].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // ldiv is the same as div with the operators reversed
-  fn = mirror_binary (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // In general, the result of scalar ^ scalar is a complex number.  We might
-  // be able to improve on this if we keep track of the range of values
-  // variables can take on.
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_scalar_scalar), complex, scalar,
-                        scalar);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // now for unary scalar operations
-  // FIXME: Impelment not
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_++", scalar, scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 1);
-    llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    val = builder.CreateFAdd (val, one);
-    fn.do_return (builder, val);
+    binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
   }
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_incr].add_overload (fn);
 
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_--", scalar, scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
   {
-    llvm::Value *one = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 1);
-    llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    val = builder.CreateFSub (val, one);
-    fn.do_return (builder, val);
-  }
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_decr].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_uminus", scalar, scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *mone = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, -1);
-    llvm::Value *val = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    val = builder.CreateFMul (val, mone);
-    fn.do_return (builder, val);
-  }
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_uminus].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_identity (scalar);
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_uplus].add_overload (fn);
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_transpose].add_overload (fn);
-  unary_ops[octave_value::op_hermitian].add_overload (fn);
+    std::stringstream fname;
+    octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
+    fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
+          << '_' << ty->name ();
 
-  // now for binary complex operations
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_+_complex_complex", complex, complex,
-                        complex);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFAdd (complex_real (lhs),
-                                            complex_real (rhs));
-    llvm::Value *imag = builder.CreateFAdd (complex_imag (lhs),
-                                            complex_imag (rhs));
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (real, imag));
+    jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
+    llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+    llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
+      = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
+                                           fn.argument (builder, 1));
+    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
   }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_complex_complex", complex, complex,
-                        complex);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (complex_real (lhs),
-                                            complex_real (rhs));
-    llvm::Value *imag = builder.CreateFSub (complex_imag (lhs),
-                                            complex_imag (rhs));
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (real, imag));
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
 
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_complex_mul),
-                        complex, complex, complex);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
-
-  jit_function complex_div = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_complex_div),
-                                              complex, complex, complex);
-  complex_div.mark_can_error ();
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_div].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_ldiv].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_complex_complex), complex,
-                        complex, complex);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_*_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
-                        complex);
-  jit_function mul_scalar_complex = fn;
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  jit_function
+  jit_typeinfo::create_function (jit_convention::type cc, const llvm::Twine& name,
+                                 jit_type *ret,
+                                 const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
   {
-    llvm::BasicBlock *complex_mul = fn.new_block ("complex_mul");
-    llvm::BasicBlock *scalar_mul = fn.new_block ("scalar_mul");
-
-    llvm::Value *fzero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-
-    llvm::Value *cmp = builder.CreateFCmpUEQ (complex_imag (rhs), fzero);
-    builder.CreateCondBr (cmp, scalar_mul, complex_mul);
+    jit_function result (module, cc, name, ret, args);
+    return result;
+  }
 
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (scalar_mul);
-    llvm::Value *temp = complex_real (rhs);
-    temp = builder.CreateFMul (lhs, temp);
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (temp, fzero), false);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (complex_mul);
-    temp = complex_new (builder.CreateFMul (lhs, complex_real (rhs)),
-                        builder.CreateFMul (lhs, complex_imag (rhs)));
-    fn.do_return (builder, temp);
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = mirror_binary (mul_scalar_complex);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_mul].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_mul].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_+_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
-                        complex);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  jit_function
+  jit_typeinfo::create_identity (jit_type *type)
   {
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFAdd (lhs, complex_real (rhs));
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (rhs, real));
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
+    size_t id = type->type_id ();
+    if (id >= identities.size ())
+      identities.resize (id + 1);
 
-  fn = mirror_binary (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_add].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_complex_scalar", complex, complex,
-                        scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (complex_real (lhs), rhs);
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (lhs, real));
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
+    if (! identities[id].valid ())
+      {
+        std::stringstream name;
+        name << "id_" << type->name ();
 
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_-_scalar_complex", complex, scalar,
-                        complex);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *lhs = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rhs = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *real = builder.CreateFSub (lhs, complex_real (rhs));
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (rhs, real));
-  }
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_sub].add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_scalar_complex), complex, scalar,
-                        complex);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
+        jit_function fn = create_internal (name.str (), type, type);
+        llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
+        builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+        fn.do_return (builder, fn.argument (builder, 0));
+        return identities[id] = fn;
+      }
 
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_pow_complex_scalar), complex,
-                        complex, scalar);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_pow].add_overload (fn);
-  binary_ops[octave_value::op_el_pow].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // now for binary index operators
-  add_binary_op (index, octave_value::op_add, llvm::Instruction::Add);
-
-  // and binary bool operators
-  add_binary_op (boolean, octave_value::op_el_or, llvm::Instruction::Or);
-  add_binary_op (boolean, octave_value::op_el_and, llvm::Instruction::And);
+    return identities[id];
+  }
 
-  // now for printing functions
-  print_fn.stash_name ("print");
-  add_print (any, reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_jit_print_any));
-  add_print (scalar, reinterpret_cast<void *> (&octave_jit_print_scalar));
-
-  // initialize for loop
-  for_init_fn.stash_name ("for_init");
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_init", index, range);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::do_insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& abuilder)
   {
-    llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 0);
-    fn.do_return (builder, zero);
+    return abuilder.CreateLoad (lerror_state);
   }
-  for_init_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  // bounds check for for loop
-  for_check_fn.stash_name ("for_check");
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_check", boolean, range, index);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::do_insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& abuilder)
   {
-    llvm::Value *nelem
-      = builder.CreateExtractValue (fn.argument (builder, 0), 3);
-    llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmpULT (idx, nelem);
-    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    llvm::LoadInst *val = abuilder.CreateLoad (loctave_interrupt_state);
+    val->setVolatile (true);
+    return abuilder.CreateICmpSGT (val, abuilder.getInt32 (0));
   }
-  for_check_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  // index variabe for for loop
-  for_index_fn.stash_name ("for_index");
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_for_range_idx", scalar, range, index);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::add_builtin (const std::string& name)
   {
-    llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *didx = builder.CreateSIToFP (idx, scalar_t);
-    llvm::Value *rng = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *base = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 0);
-    llvm::Value *inc = builder.CreateExtractValue (rng, 2);
-
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFMul (didx, inc);
-    ret = builder.CreateFAdd (base, ret);
-    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  }
-  for_index_fn.add_overload (fn);
+    jit_type *btype = new_type (name, any, any->to_llvm (), true);
+    builtins[name] = btype;
 
-  // logically true
-  logically_true_fn.stash_name ("logically_true");
-
-  jit_function gripe_nantl
-    = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_err_nan_to_logical_conversion), 0);
-  gripe_nantl.mark_can_error ();
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_logically_true_scalar", boolean, scalar);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
-
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::BasicBlock *error_block = fn.new_block ("error");
-    llvm::BasicBlock *normal_block = fn.new_block ("normal");
-
-    llvm::Value *check = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (fn.argument (builder, 0),
-                                                fn.argument (builder, 0));
-    builder.CreateCondBr (check, error_block, normal_block);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (error_block);
-    gripe_nantl.call (builder);
-    builder.CreateBr (normal_block);
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (normal_block);
-
-    llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmpONE (fn.argument (builder, 0), zero);
-    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  }
-  logically_true_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  // logically_true boolean
-  fn = create_identity (boolean);
-  logically_true_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  // make_range
-  // FIXME: May be benificial to implement all in LLVM
-  make_range_fn.stash_name ("make_range");
-  jit_function compute_nelem
-    = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_compute_nelem),
-                       index, scalar, scalar, scalar);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_make_range", range, scalar, scalar, scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *base = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *limit = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *inc = fn.argument (builder, 2);
-    llvm::Value *nelem = compute_nelem.call (builder, base, limit, inc);
-
-    llvm::Value *dzero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
-    llvm::Value *izero = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 0);
-    llvm::Value *rng = llvm::ConstantStruct::get (range_t, dzero, dzero, dzero,
-                                                  izero, NULL);
-    rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, base, 0);
-    rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, limit, 1);
-    rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, inc, 2);
-    rng = builder.CreateInsertValue (rng, nelem, 3);
-    fn.do_return (builder, rng);
+    octave_builtin *ov_builtin = find_builtin (name);
+    if (ov_builtin)
+      ov_builtin->stash_jit (*btype);
   }
-  make_range_fn.add_overload (fn);
 
-  // paren_subsref
-  jit_type *jit_int = intN (sizeof (int) * 8);
-  llvm::Type *int_t = jit_int->to_llvm ();
-  jit_function ginvalid_index
-    = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_ginvalid_index), 0);
-  jit_function gindex_range = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_gindex_range),
-                                               0, jit_int, jit_int, index,
-                                               index);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("()subsref", scalar, matrix, scalar);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
-
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t iid,
+                                    jit_type *result,
+                                    const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
   {
-    llvm::Value *one_idx = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 1);
-    llvm::Value *one_int = llvm::ConstantInt::get (int_t, 1);
-
-    llvm::Value *undef = llvm::UndefValue::get (scalar_t);
-    llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-
-    // convert index to scalar to integer, and check index >= 1
-    llvm::Value *int_idx = builder.CreateFPToSI (idx, index_t);
-    llvm::Value *check_idx = builder.CreateSIToFP (int_idx, scalar_t);
-    llvm::Value *cond0 = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (idx, check_idx);
-    llvm::Value *cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSLT (int_idx, one_idx);
-    llvm::Value *cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
+    jit_type *builtin_type = builtins[name];
+    size_t nargs = args.size ();
+    llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Type *, 5> llvm_args (nargs);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+      llvm_args[i] = args[i]->to_llvm ();
 
-    llvm::BasicBlock *done = fn.new_block ("done");
-    llvm::BasicBlock *conv_error = fn.new_block ("conv_error", done);
-    llvm::BasicBlock *normal = fn.new_block ("normal", done);
-    builder.CreateCondBr (cond, conv_error, normal);
+    llvm::Intrinsic::ID id = static_cast<llvm::Intrinsic::ID> (iid);
+    llvm::Function *ifun = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration (module, id,
+                                                            llvm_args);
+    std::stringstream fn_name;
+    fn_name << "octave_jit_" << name;
 
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (conv_error);
-    ginvalid_index.call (builder);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (normal);
-    llvm::Value *len
-      = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (2));
-    cond = builder.CreateICmpSGT (int_idx, len);
+    std::vector<jit_type *> args1 (nargs + 1);
+    args1[0] = builtin_type;
+    std::copy (args.begin (), args.end (), args1.begin () + 1);
 
-    llvm::BasicBlock *bounds_error = fn.new_block ("bounds_error", done);
-    llvm::BasicBlock *success = fn.new_block ("success", done);
-    builder.CreateCondBr (cond, bounds_error, success);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (bounds_error);
-    gindex_range.call (builder, one_int, one_int, int_idx, len);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
+    // The first argument will be the Octave function, but we already know that
+    // the function call is the equivalent of the intrinsic, so we ignore it and
+    // call the intrinsic with the remaining arguments.
+    jit_function fn = create_internal (fn_name.str (), result, args1);
+    llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
 
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (success);
-    llvm::Value *data = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat,
-                                                    llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (1));
-    llvm::Value *gep = builder.CreateInBoundsGEP (data, int_idx);
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateLoad (gep);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (done);
+    llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Value *, 5> fargs (nargs);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+      fargs[i] = fn.argument (builder, i + 1);
 
-    llvm::PHINode *merge = llvm::PHINode::Create (scalar_t, 3);
-    builder.Insert (merge);
-    merge->addIncoming (undef, conv_error);
-    merge->addIncoming (undef, bounds_error);
-    merge->addIncoming (ret, success);
-    fn.do_return (builder, merge);
+    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateCall (ifun, fargs);
+    fn.do_return (builder, ret);
+    paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
   }
-  paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  // paren subsasgn
-  paren_subsasgn_fn.stash_name ("()subsasgn");
-
-  jit_function resize_paren_subsasgn
-    = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_impl), matrix, matrix,
-                       index, scalar);
-
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_paren_subsasgn", matrix, matrix, scalar,
-                        scalar);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *one_idx = llvm::ConstantInt::get (index_t, 1);
-    llvm::Value *one_int = llvm::ConstantInt::get (int_t, 1);
 
-    llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *idx = fn.argument (builder, 1);
-    llvm::Value *value = fn.argument (builder, 2);
-
-    llvm::Value *int_idx = builder.CreateFPToSI (idx, index_t);
-    llvm::Value *check_idx = builder.CreateSIToFP (int_idx, scalar_t);
-    llvm::Value *cond0 = builder.CreateFCmpUNE (idx, check_idx);
-    llvm::Value *cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSLT (int_idx, one_idx);
-    llvm::Value *cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
-
-    llvm::BasicBlock *done = fn.new_block ("done");
+  octave_builtin *
+  jit_typeinfo::find_builtin (const std::string& name)
+  {
+    symbol_table& symtab = __get_symbol_table__ ("jit_typeinfo::find_builtin");
 
-    llvm::BasicBlock *conv_error = fn.new_block ("conv_error", done);
-    llvm::BasicBlock *normal = fn.new_block ("normal", done);
-    builder.CreateCondBr (cond, conv_error, normal);
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (conv_error);
-    ginvalid_index.call (builder);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (normal);
-    llvm::Value *len = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 2);
-    cond0 = builder.CreateICmpSGT (int_idx, len);
-
-    llvm::Value *rcount = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 0);
-    rcount = builder.CreateLoad (rcount);
-    cond1 = builder.CreateICmpSGT (rcount, one_int);
-    cond = builder.CreateOr (cond0, cond1);
-
-    llvm::BasicBlock *bounds_error = fn.new_block ("bounds_error", done);
-    llvm::BasicBlock *success = fn.new_block ("success", done);
-    builder.CreateCondBr (cond, bounds_error, success);
+    // FIXME: Finalize what we want to store in octave_builtin, then add functions
+    // to access these values in octave_value
+    octave_value ov_builtin = symtab.find (name);
+    return dynamic_cast<octave_builtin *> (ov_builtin.internal_rep ());
+  }
 
-    // resize on out of bounds access
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (bounds_error);
-    llvm::Value *resize_result = resize_paren_subsasgn.call (builder, mat,
-                                                             int_idx, value);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (success);
-    llvm::Value *data
-      = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, llvm::ArrayRef<unsigned> (1));
-    llvm::Value *gep = builder.CreateInBoundsGEP (data, int_idx);
-    builder.CreateStore (value, gep);
-    builder.CreateBr (done);
-
-    builder.SetInsertPoint (done);
-
-    llvm::PHINode *merge = llvm::PHINode::Create (matrix_t, 3);
-    builder.Insert (merge);
-    merge->addIncoming (mat, conv_error);
-    merge->addIncoming (resize_result, bounds_error);
-    merge->addIncoming (mat, success);
-    fn.do_return (builder, merge);
-  }
-  paren_subsasgn_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_paren_subsasgn_matrix_range), matrix,
-                        matrix, range, scalar);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
-  paren_subsasgn_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  end1_fn.stash_name ("end1");
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_end1_matrix", scalar, matrix, index, index);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
+                                  const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
   {
-    llvm::Value *mat = fn.argument (builder, 0);
-    llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateExtractValue (mat, 2);
-    fn.do_return (builder, builder.CreateSIToFP (ret, scalar_t));
-  }
-  end1_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  end_fn.stash_name ("end");
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_end_matrix),scalar, matrix, index,
-                        index);
-  end_fn.add_overload (fn);
-
-  // -------------------- create_undef --------------------
-  create_undef_fn.stash_name ("create_undef");
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_create_undef), any);
-  create_undef_fn.add_overload (fn);
+    octave_builtin *builtin = find_builtin (name);
+    if (! builtin)
+      return;
 
-  casts[any->type_id ()].stash_name ("(any)");
-  casts[scalar->type_id ()].stash_name ("(scalar)");
-  casts[complex->type_id ()].stash_name ("(complex)");
-  casts[matrix->type_id ()].stash_name ("(matrix)");
-  casts[range->type_id ()].stash_name ("(range)");
-
-  // cast any <- matrix
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_matrix), any, matrix);
-  casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast matrix <- any
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_matrix_any), matrix, any);
-  casts[matrix->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast any <- range
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_range), any, range);
-  casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+    std::vector<jit_type *> fn_args (args.size () + 1);
+    fn_args[0] = builtins[name];
+    std::copy (args.begin (), args.end (), fn_args.begin () + 1);
+    jit_function fn = create_internal (name, result, fn_args);
+    fn.mark_can_error ();
+    llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+    llvm::Type *any_t = any->to_llvm ();
+    llvm::ArrayType *array_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (any_t, args.size ());
+    llvm::Value *array = llvm::UndefValue::get (array_t);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        llvm::Value *arg = fn.argument (builder, i + 1);
+        jit_function agrab = get_grab (args[i]);
+        if (agrab.valid ())
+          arg = agrab.call (builder, arg);
+        jit_function acast = cast (any, args[i]);
+        array = builder.CreateInsertValue (array, acast.call (builder, arg), i);
+      }
 
-  // cast range <- any
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_range_any), range, any);
-  casts[range->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast any <- scalar
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_scalar), any, scalar);
-  casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast scalar <- any
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_scalar_any), scalar, any);
-  casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+    llvm::Value *array_mem = builder.CreateAlloca (array_t);
+    builder.CreateStore (array, array_mem);
+    array = builder.CreateBitCast (array_mem, any_t->getPointerTo ());
 
-  // cast any <- complex
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_any_complex), any, complex);
-  casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast complex <- any
-  fn = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_cast_complex_any), complex, any);
-  casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
+    jit_type *jintTy = intN (sizeof (octave_builtin::fcn) * 8);
+    llvm::Type *intTy = jintTy->to_llvm ();
+    size_t fcn_int = reinterpret_cast<size_t> (builtin->function ());
+    llvm::Value *fcn = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, fcn_int);
+    llvm::Value *nargin = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, args.size ());
+    size_t result_int = reinterpret_cast<size_t> (result);
+    llvm::Value *res_llvm = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, result_int);
+    llvm::Value *ret = any_call.call (builder, fcn, nargin, array, res_llvm);
 
-  // cast complex <- scalar
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_cast_complex_scalar", complex, scalar);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  {
-    llvm::Value *zero = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, 0);
-    fn.do_return (builder, complex_new (fn.argument (builder, 0), zero));
+    jit_function cast_result = cast (result, any);
+    fn.do_return (builder, cast_result.call (builder, ret));
+    paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
   }
-  casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast scalar <- complex
-  fn = create_internal ("octave_jit_cast_scalar_complex", scalar, complex);
-  body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  fn.do_return (builder, complex_real (fn.argument (builder, 0)));
-  casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast any <- any
-  fn = create_identity (any);
-  casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast scalar <- scalar
-  fn = create_identity (scalar);
-  casts[scalar->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // cast complex <- complex
-  fn = create_identity (complex);
-  casts[complex->type_id ()].add_overload (fn);
-
-  // -------------------- builtin functions --------------------
-  add_builtin ("#unknown_function");
-  unknown_function = builtins["#unknown_function"];
-
-  add_builtin ("sin");
-  register_intrinsic ("sin", llvm::Intrinsic::sin, scalar, scalar);
-  register_generic ("sin", matrix, matrix);
 
-  add_builtin ("cos");
-  register_intrinsic ("cos", llvm::Intrinsic::cos, scalar, scalar);
-  register_generic ("cos", matrix, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("exp");
-  register_intrinsic ("exp", llvm::Intrinsic::exp, scalar, scalar);
-  register_generic ("exp", matrix, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("balance");
-  register_generic ("balance", matrix, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("cond");
-  register_generic ("cond", scalar, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("det");
-  register_generic ("det", scalar, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("norm");
-  register_generic ("norm", scalar, matrix);
-
-  add_builtin ("rand");
-  register_generic ("rand", matrix, scalar);
-  register_generic ("rand", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
-
-  add_builtin ("magic");
-  register_generic ("magic", matrix, scalar);
-  register_generic ("magic", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
+  jit_function
+  jit_typeinfo::mirror_binary (const jit_function& fn)
+  {
+    jit_function ret = create_internal (fn.name () + "_reverse",
+                                        fn.result (), fn.argument_type (1),
+                                        fn.argument_type (0));
+    if (fn.can_error ())
+      ret.mark_can_error ();
 
-  add_builtin ("eye");
-  register_generic ("eye", matrix, scalar);
-  register_generic ("eye", matrix, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
-
-  add_builtin ("mod");
-  register_generic ("mod", scalar, std::vector<jit_type *> (2, scalar));
-
-  casts.resize (next_id + 1);
-  jit_function any_id = create_identity (any);
-  jit_function grab_any = create_external (JIT_FN (octave_jit_grab_any),
-                                           any, any);
-  jit_function release_any = get_release (any);
-  std::vector<jit_type *> args;
-  args.resize (1);
-
-  for (std::map<std::string, jit_type *>::iterator iter = builtins.begin ();
-       iter != builtins.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_type *btype = iter->second;
-      args[0] = btype;
-
-      grab_fn.add_overload (jit_function (grab_any, btype, args));
-      release_fn.add_overload (jit_function (release_any, 0, args));
-      casts[any->type_id ()].add_overload (jit_function (any_id, any, args));
-
-      args[0] = any;
-      casts[btype->type_id ()].add_overload (jit_function (any_id, btype,
-                                                           args));
-    }
-}
+    llvm::BasicBlock *body = ret.new_block ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
+    llvm::Value *result = fn.call (builder, ret.argument (builder, 1),
+                                   ret.argument (builder, 0));
+    if (ret.result ())
+      ret.do_return (builder, result);
+    else
+      ret.do_return (builder);
 
-const jit_function&
-jit_typeinfo::do_end (jit_value *value, jit_value *idx, jit_value *count)
-{
-  jit_const_index *ccount = dynamic_cast<jit_const_index *> (count);
-  if (ccount && ccount->value () == 1)
-    return end1_fn.overload (value->type (), idx->type (), count->type ());
-
-  return end_fn.overload (value->type (), idx->type (), count->type ());
-}
-
-jit_type*
-jit_typeinfo::new_type (const std::string& name, jit_type *parent,
-                        llvm::Type *llvm_type, bool skip_paren)
-{
-  jit_type *ret = new jit_type (name, parent, llvm_type, skip_paren, next_id++);
-  id_to_type.push_back (ret);
-  return ret;
-}
-
-void
-jit_typeinfo::add_print (jit_type *ty, void *fptr)
-{
-  std::stringstream name;
-  name << "octave_jit_print_" << ty->name ();
-  jit_function fn = create_external (engine, fptr, name.str (),
-                                     0, intN (8), ty);
-  print_fn.add_overload (fn);
-}
+    return ret;
+  }
 
-// FIXME: cp between add_binary_op, add_binary_icmp, and add_binary_fcmp
-void
-jit_typeinfo::add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
-{
-  std::stringstream fname;
-  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
-  fname << "octave_jit_" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
-        << '_' << ty->name ();
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::pack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld, llvm::Value *cplx)
+  {
+    llvm::Type *complex_ret = instance->complex_ret;
+    llvm::Value *real = bld.CreateExtractValue (cplx, 0);
+    llvm::Value *imag = bld.CreateExtractValue (cplx, 1);
+    llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex_ret);
 
-  jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), ty, ty, ty);
-  llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-  llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps temp
-    = static_cast<llvm::Instruction::BinaryOps>(llvm_op);
-
-  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateBinOp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
-                                          fn.argument (builder, 1));
-  fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
-}
-
-void
-jit_typeinfo::add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
-{
-  std::stringstream fname;
-  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
-  fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
-        << '_' << ty->name ();
+    unsigned int re_idx[] = {0, 0};
+    unsigned int im_idx[] = {0, 1};
+    ret = bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, real, re_idx);
+    return bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, imag, im_idx);
+  }
 
-  jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
-  llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-  llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
-    = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
-  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateICmp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
-                                         fn.argument (builder, 1));
-  fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
-}
-
-void
-jit_typeinfo::add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op)
-{
-  std::stringstream fname;
-  octave_value::binary_op ov_op = static_cast<octave_value::binary_op>(op);
-  fname << "octave_jit" << octave_value::binary_op_as_string (ov_op)
-        << '_' << ty->name ();
-
-  jit_function fn = create_internal (fname.str (), boolean, ty, ty);
-  llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-  llvm::CmpInst::Predicate temp
-    = static_cast<llvm::CmpInst::Predicate>(llvm_op);
-  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateFCmp (temp, fn.argument (builder, 0),
-                                         fn.argument (builder, 1));
-  fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  binary_ops[op].add_overload (fn);
-}
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::unpack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld, llvm::Value *result)
+  {
+    unsigned int re_idx[] = {0, 0};
+    unsigned int im_idx[] = {0, 1};
 
-jit_function
-jit_typeinfo::create_function (jit_convention::type cc, const llvm::Twine& name,
-                               jit_type *ret,
-                               const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
-{
-  jit_function result (module, cc, name, ret, args);
-  return result;
-}
-
-jit_function
-jit_typeinfo::create_identity (jit_type *type)
-{
-  size_t id = type->type_id ();
-  if (id >= identities.size ())
-    identities.resize (id + 1);
+    llvm::Type *complex_t = get_complex ()->to_llvm ();
+    llvm::Value *real = bld.CreateExtractValue (result, re_idx);
+    llvm::Value *imag = bld.CreateExtractValue (result, im_idx);
+    llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex_t);
 
-  if (! identities[id].valid ())
-    {
-      std::stringstream name;
-      name << "id_" << type->name ();
+    ret = bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, real, 0);
+    return bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, imag, 1);
+  }
 
-      jit_function fn = create_internal (name.str (), type, type);
-      llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
-      builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-      fn.do_return (builder, fn.argument (builder, 0));
-      return identities[id] = fn;
-    }
-
-  return identities[id];
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::do_insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& abuilder)
-{
-  return abuilder.CreateLoad (lerror_state);
-}
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::complex_real (llvm::Value *cx)
+  {
+    return builder.CreateExtractValue (cx, 0);
+  }
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::do_insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& abuilder)
-{
-  llvm::LoadInst *val = abuilder.CreateLoad (loctave_interrupt_state);
-  val->setVolatile (true);
-  return abuilder.CreateICmpSGT (val, abuilder.getInt32 (0));
-}
-
-void
-jit_typeinfo::add_builtin (const std::string& name)
-{
-  jit_type *btype = new_type (name, any, any->to_llvm (), true);
-  builtins[name] = btype;
-
-  octave_builtin *ov_builtin = find_builtin (name);
-  if (ov_builtin)
-    ov_builtin->stash_jit (*btype);
-}
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::complex_real (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *real)
+  {
+    return builder.CreateInsertValue (cx, real, 0);
+  }
 
-void
-jit_typeinfo::register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t iid,
-                                  jit_type *result,
-                                  const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
-{
-  jit_type *builtin_type = builtins[name];
-  size_t nargs = args.size ();
-  llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Type *, 5> llvm_args (nargs);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-    llvm_args[i] = args[i]->to_llvm ();
-
-  llvm::Intrinsic::ID id = static_cast<llvm::Intrinsic::ID> (iid);
-  llvm::Function *ifun = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration (module, id,
-                                                          llvm_args);
-  std::stringstream fn_name;
-  fn_name << "octave_jit_" << name;
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx)
+  {
+    return builder.CreateExtractValue (cx, 1);
+  }
 
-  std::vector<jit_type *> args1 (nargs + 1);
-  args1[0] = builtin_type;
-  std::copy (args.begin (), args.end (), args1.begin () + 1);
-
-  // The first argument will be the Octave function, but we already know that
-  // the function call is the equivalent of the intrinsic, so we ignore it and
-  // call the intrinsic with the remaining arguments.
-  jit_function fn = create_internal (fn_name.str (), result, args1);
-  llvm::BasicBlock *body = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-
-  llvm::SmallVector<llvm::Value *, 5> fargs (nargs);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-    fargs[i] = fn.argument (builder, i + 1);
-
-  llvm::Value *ret = builder.CreateCall (ifun, fargs);
-  fn.do_return (builder, ret);
-  paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
-}
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *imag)
+  {
+    return builder.CreateInsertValue (cx, imag, 1);
+  }
 
-octave_builtin *
-jit_typeinfo::find_builtin (const std::string& name)
-{
-  octave::symbol_table& symtab
-    = octave::__get_symbol_table__ ("jit_typeinfo::find_builtin");
-
-  // FIXME: Finalize what we want to store in octave_builtin, then add functions
-  // to access these values in octave_value
-  octave_value ov_builtin = symtab.find (name);
-  return dynamic_cast<octave_builtin *> (ov_builtin.internal_rep ());
-}
-
-void
-jit_typeinfo::register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
-                                const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
-{
-  octave_builtin *builtin = find_builtin (name);
-  if (! builtin)
-    return;
+  llvm::Value *
+  jit_typeinfo::complex_new (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag)
+  {
+    llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex->to_llvm ());
+    ret = complex_real (ret, real);
+    return complex_imag (ret, imag);
+  }
 
-  std::vector<jit_type *> fn_args (args.size () + 1);
-  fn_args[0] = builtins[name];
-  std::copy (args.begin (), args.end (), fn_args.begin () + 1);
-  jit_function fn = create_internal (name, result, fn_args);
-  fn.mark_can_error ();
-  llvm::BasicBlock *block = fn.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-  llvm::Type *any_t = any->to_llvm ();
-  llvm::ArrayType *array_t = llvm::ArrayType::get (any_t, args.size ());
-  llvm::Value *array = llvm::UndefValue::get (array_t);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i)
-    {
-      llvm::Value *arg = fn.argument (builder, i + 1);
-      jit_function agrab = get_grab (args[i]);
-      if (agrab.valid ())
-        arg = agrab.call (builder, arg);
-      jit_function acast = cast (any, args[i]);
-      array = builder.CreateInsertValue (array, acast.call (builder, arg), i);
-    }
+  void
+  jit_typeinfo::create_int (size_t nbits)
+  {
+    std::stringstream tname;
+    tname << "int" << nbits;
+    ints[nbits] = new_type (tname.str (), any, llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context,
+                                                                      nbits));
+  }
 
-  llvm::Value *array_mem = builder.CreateAlloca (array_t);
-  builder.CreateStore (array, array_mem);
-  array = builder.CreateBitCast (array_mem, any_t->getPointerTo ());
-
-  jit_type *jintTy = intN (sizeof (octave_builtin::fcn) * 8);
-  llvm::Type *intTy = jintTy->to_llvm ();
-  size_t fcn_int = reinterpret_cast<size_t> (builtin->function ());
-  llvm::Value *fcn = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, fcn_int);
-  llvm::Value *nargin = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, args.size ());
-  size_t result_int = reinterpret_cast<size_t> (result);
-  llvm::Value *res_llvm = llvm::ConstantInt::get (intTy, result_int);
-  llvm::Value *ret = any_call.call (builder, fcn, nargin, array, res_llvm);
-
-  jit_function cast_result = cast (result, any);
-  fn.do_return (builder, cast_result.call (builder, ret));
-  paren_subsref_fn.add_overload (fn);
-}
-
-jit_function
-jit_typeinfo::mirror_binary (const jit_function& fn)
-{
-  jit_function ret = create_internal (fn.name () + "_reverse",
-                                      fn.result (), fn.argument_type (1),
-                                      fn.argument_type (0));
-  if (fn.can_error ())
-    ret.mark_can_error ();
+  jit_type *
+  jit_typeinfo::intN (size_t nbits) const
+  {
+    std::map<size_t, jit_type *>::const_iterator iter = ints.find (nbits);
+    if (iter != ints.end ())
+      return iter->second;
 
-  llvm::BasicBlock *body = ret.new_block ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (body);
-  llvm::Value *result = fn.call (builder, ret.argument (builder, 1),
-                                 ret.argument (builder, 0));
-  if (ret.result ())
-    ret.do_return (builder, result);
-  else
-    ret.do_return (builder);
-
-  return ret;
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::pack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld, llvm::Value *cplx)
-{
-  llvm::Type *complex_ret = instance->complex_ret;
-  llvm::Value *real = bld.CreateExtractValue (cplx, 0);
-  llvm::Value *imag = bld.CreateExtractValue (cplx, 1);
-  llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex_ret);
-
-  unsigned int re_idx[] = {0, 0};
-  unsigned int im_idx[] = {0, 1};
-  ret = bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, real, re_idx);
-  return bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, imag, im_idx);
-}
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No such integer type");
+  }
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::unpack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld, llvm::Value *result)
-{
-  unsigned int re_idx[] = {0, 0};
-  unsigned int im_idx[] = {0, 1};
-
-  llvm::Type *complex_t = get_complex ()->to_llvm ();
-  llvm::Value *real = bld.CreateExtractValue (result, re_idx);
-  llvm::Value *imag = bld.CreateExtractValue (result, im_idx);
-  llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex_t);
-
-  ret = bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, real, 0);
-  return bld.CreateInsertValue (ret, imag, 1);
-}
+  jit_type *
+  jit_typeinfo::do_type_of (const octave_value& ov) const
+  {
+    if (ov.is_function ())
+      {
+        // FIXME: This is ugly, we need to finalize how we want to do this, then
+        // have octave_value fully support the needed functionality
+        octave_builtin *builtin
+          = dynamic_cast<octave_builtin *> (ov.internal_rep ());
+        return builtin && builtin->to_jit () ? builtin->to_jit ()
+          : unknown_function;
+      }
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::complex_real (llvm::Value *cx)
-{
-  return builder.CreateExtractValue (cx, 0);
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::complex_real (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *real)
-{
-  return builder.CreateInsertValue (cx, real, 0);
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx)
-{
-  return builder.CreateExtractValue (cx, 1);
-}
+    if (ov.is_range ())
+      return get_range ();
 
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *imag)
-{
-  return builder.CreateInsertValue (cx, imag, 1);
-}
-
-llvm::Value *
-jit_typeinfo::complex_new (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag)
-{
-  llvm::Value *ret = llvm::UndefValue::get (complex->to_llvm ());
-  ret = complex_real (ret, real);
-  return complex_imag (ret, imag);
-}
+    if (ov.is_double_type () && ! ov.iscomplex ())
+      {
+        if (ov.is_real_scalar ())
+          return get_scalar ();
 
-void
-jit_typeinfo::create_int (size_t nbits)
-{
-  std::stringstream tname;
-  tname << "int" << nbits;
-  ints[nbits] = new_type (tname.str (), any, llvm::Type::getIntNTy (context,
-                                                                    nbits));
-}
-
-jit_type *
-jit_typeinfo::intN (size_t nbits) const
-{
-  std::map<size_t, jit_type *>::const_iterator iter = ints.find (nbits);
-  if (iter != ints.end ())
-    return iter->second;
-
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No such integer type");
-}
+        if (ov.is_matrix_type ())
+          return get_matrix ();
+      }
 
-jit_type *
-jit_typeinfo::do_type_of (const octave_value& ov) const
-{
-  if (ov.is_function ())
-    {
-      // FIXME: This is ugly, we need to finalize how we want to do this, then
-      // have octave_value fully support the needed functionality
-      octave_builtin *builtin
-        = dynamic_cast<octave_builtin *> (ov.internal_rep ());
-      return builtin && builtin->to_jit () ? builtin->to_jit ()
-                                           : unknown_function;
-    }
-
-  if (ov.is_range ())
-    return get_range ();
+    if (ov.is_complex_scalar ())
+      {
+        Complex cv = ov.complex_value ();
 
-  if (ov.is_double_type () && ! ov.iscomplex ())
-    {
-      if (ov.is_real_scalar ())
-        return get_scalar ();
-
-      if (ov.is_matrix_type ())
-        return get_matrix ();
-    }
+        // We don't really represent complex values, instead we represent
+        // complex_or_scalar.  If the imag value is zero, we assume a scalar.
+        if (cv.imag () != 0)
+          return get_complex ();
+      }
 
-  if (ov.is_complex_scalar ())
-    {
-      Complex cv = ov.complex_value ();
+    return get_any ();
+  }
 
-      // We don't really represent complex values, instead we represent
-      // complex_or_scalar.  If the imag value is zero, we assume a scalar.
-      if (cv.imag () != 0)
-        return get_complex ();
-    }
-
-  return get_any ();
 }
 
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-typeinfo.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -35,866 +35,871 @@
 #include "Range.h"
 #include "jit-util.h"
 
-// Defines the type system used by jit and a singleton class, jit_typeinfo, to
-// manage the types.
-//
-// FIXME:
-// Operations are defined and implemented in jit_typeinfo.  Eventually they
-// should be moved elsewhere. (just like with octave_typeinfo)
+namespace octave
+{
 
-// jit_range is compatible with the llvm range structure
-struct
-jit_range
-{
-  jit_range (const Range& from) : base (from.base ()), limit (from.limit ()),
-                                  inc (from.inc ()), nelem (from.numel ())
-  { }
+  // Defines the type system used by jit and a singleton class, jit_typeinfo, to
+  // manage the types.
+  //
+  // FIXME:
+  // Operations are defined and implemented in jit_typeinfo.  Eventually they
+  // should be moved elsewhere. (just like with octave_typeinfo)
+
+  // jit_range is compatible with the llvm range structure
+  struct
+  jit_range
+  {
+    jit_range (const Range& from) : base (from.base ()), limit (from.limit ()),
+                                    inc (from.inc ()), nelem (from.numel ())
+    { }
 
-  operator Range () const
-  {
-    return Range (base, limit, inc);
-  }
+    operator Range () const
+    {
+      return Range (base, limit, inc);
+    }
 
-  bool all_elements_are_ints () const;
+    bool all_elements_are_ints () const;
+
+    double base;
+    double limit;
+    double inc;
+    octave_idx_type nelem;
+  };
 
-  double base;
-  double limit;
-  double inc;
-  octave_idx_type nelem;
-};
+  std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_range& rng);
 
-std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_range& rng);
+  // jit_array is compatible with the llvm array/matrix structures
+  template <typename T, typename U>
+  struct
+  jit_array
+  {
+    jit_array () : array (0) { }
+
+    jit_array (T& from) : array (new T (from))
+    {
+      update ();
+    }
 
-// jit_array is compatible with the llvm array/matrix structures
-template <typename T, typename U>
-struct
-jit_array
-{
-  jit_array () : array (0) { }
+    void update (void)
+    {
+      ref_count = array->jit_ref_count ();
+      slice_data = array->jit_slice_data () - 1;
+      slice_len = array->numel ();
+      dimensions = array->jit_dimensions ();
+    }
+
+    void update (T *aarray)
+    {
+      array = aarray;
+      update ();
+    }
 
-  jit_array (T& from) : array (new T (from))
-  {
-    update ();
-  }
+    operator T () const
+    {
+      return *array;
+    }
+
+    int *ref_count;
 
-  void update (void)
+    U *slice_data;
+    octave_idx_type slice_len;
+    octave_idx_type *dimensions;
+
+    T *array;
+  };
+
+  typedef jit_array<NDArray, double> jit_matrix;
+
+  std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_matrix& mat);
+
+  // calling convention
+  namespace jit_convention
   {
-    ref_count = array->jit_ref_count ();
-    slice_data = array->jit_slice_data () - 1;
-    slice_len = array->numel ();
-    dimensions = array->jit_dimensions ();
-  }
+    enum
+    type
+      {
+        // internal to jit
+        internal,
 
-  void update (T *aarray)
-  {
-    array = aarray;
-    update ();
-  }
+        // an external C call
+        external,
 
-  operator T () const
-  {
-    return *array;
+        length
+      };
   }
 
-  int *ref_count;
-
-  U *slice_data;
-  octave_idx_type slice_len;
-  octave_idx_type *dimensions;
+  // Used to keep track of estimated (infered) types during JIT.  This is a
+  // hierarchical type system which includes both concrete and abstract types.
+  //
+  // The types form a lattice.  Currently we only allow for one parent type, but
+  // eventually we may allow for multiple predecessors.
+  class
+  jit_type
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef llvm::Value *(*convert_fn) (llvm::IRBuilderD&, llvm::Value *);
 
-  T *array;
-};
+    jit_type (const std::string& aname, jit_type *aparent, llvm::Type *allvm_type,
+              bool askip_paren, int aid);
 
-typedef jit_array<NDArray, double> jit_matrix;
+    // a user readable type name
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
 
-std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_matrix& mat);
+    // a unique id for the type
+    int type_id (void) const { return mid; }
 
-// calling convention
-namespace jit_convention
-{
-  enum
-  type
-  {
-    // internal to jit
-    internal,
+    // An abstract base type, may be null
+    jit_type * parent (void) const { return mparent; }
+
+    // convert to an llvm type
+    llvm::Type * to_llvm (void) const { return llvm_type; }
+
+    // how this type gets passed as a function argument
+    llvm::Type * to_llvm_arg (void) const;
 
-    // an external C call
-    external,
+    size_t depth (void) const { return mdepth; }
+
+    bool skip_paren (void) const { return mskip_paren; }
+
+    // -------------------- Calling Convention information --------------------
 
-    length
-  };
-}
+    // A function declared like: mytype foo (int arg0, int arg1);
+    // Will be converted to: void foo (mytype *retval, int arg0, int arg1)
+    // if mytype is sret.  The caller is responsible for allocating space for
+    // retval. (on the stack)
+    bool sret (jit_convention::type cc) const { return msret[cc]; }
 
-// Used to keep track of estimated (infered) types during JIT.  This is a
-// hierarchical type system which includes both concrete and abstract types.
-//
-// The types form a lattice.  Currently we only allow for one parent type, but
-// eventually we may allow for multiple predecessors.
-class
-jit_type
-{
-public:
-  typedef llvm::Value *(*convert_fn) (llvm::IRBuilderD&, llvm::Value *);
+    void mark_sret (jit_convention::type cc)
+    { msret[cc] = true; }
+
+    // A function like: void foo (mytype arg0)
+    // Will be converted to: void foo (mytype *arg0)
+    // Basically just pass by reference.
+    bool pointer_arg (jit_convention::type cc) const { return mpointer_arg[cc]; }
 
-  jit_type (const std::string& aname, jit_type *aparent, llvm::Type *allvm_type,
-            bool askip_paren, int aid);
-
-  // a user readable type name
-  const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
+    void mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::type cc)
+    { mpointer_arg[cc] = true; }
 
-  // a unique id for the type
-  int type_id (void) const { return mid; }
+    // Convert into an equivalent form before calling.  For example, complex is
+    // represented as two values llvm vector, but we need to pass it as a two
+    // valued llvm structure to C functions.
+    convert_fn pack (jit_convention::type cc) { return mpack[cc]; }
 
-  // An abstract base type, may be null
-  jit_type * parent (void) const { return mparent; }
+    void set_pack (jit_convention::type cc, convert_fn fn) { mpack[cc] = fn; }
 
-  // convert to an llvm type
-  llvm::Type * to_llvm (void) const { return llvm_type; }
-
-  // how this type gets passed as a function argument
-  llvm::Type * to_llvm_arg (void) const;
+    // The inverse operation of pack.
+    convert_fn unpack (jit_convention::type cc) { return munpack[cc]; }
 
-  size_t depth (void) const { return mdepth; }
+    void set_unpack (jit_convention::type cc, convert_fn fn)
+    { munpack[cc] = fn; }
 
-  bool skip_paren (void) const { return mskip_paren; }
-
-  // -------------------- Calling Convention information --------------------
+    // The resulting type after pack is called.
+    llvm::Type * packed_type (jit_convention::type cc)
+    { return mpacked_type[cc]; }
 
-  // A function declared like: mytype foo (int arg0, int arg1);
-  // Will be converted to: void foo (mytype *retval, int arg0, int arg1)
-  // if mytype is sret.  The caller is responsible for allocating space for
-  // retval. (on the stack)
-  bool sret (jit_convention::type cc) const { return msret[cc]; }
+    void set_packed_type (jit_convention::type cc, llvm::Type *ty)
+    { mpacked_type[cc] = ty; }
+  private:
+    std::string mname;
+    jit_type *mparent;
+    llvm::Type *llvm_type;
+    int mid;
+    size_t mdepth;
+    bool mskip_paren;
 
-  void mark_sret (jit_convention::type cc)
-  { msret[cc] = true; }
-
-  // A function like: void foo (mytype arg0)
-  // Will be converted to: void foo (mytype *arg0)
-  // Basically just pass by reference.
-  bool pointer_arg (jit_convention::type cc) const { return mpointer_arg[cc]; }
+    bool msret[jit_convention::length];
+    bool mpointer_arg[jit_convention::length];
 
-  void mark_pointer_arg (jit_convention::type cc)
-  { mpointer_arg[cc] = true; }
-
-  // Convert into an equivalent form before calling.  For example, complex is
-  // represented as two values llvm vector, but we need to pass it as a two
-  // valued llvm structure to C functions.
-  convert_fn pack (jit_convention::type cc) { return mpack[cc]; }
+    convert_fn mpack[jit_convention::length];
+    convert_fn munpack[jit_convention::length];
 
-  void set_pack (jit_convention::type cc, convert_fn fn) { mpack[cc] = fn; }
+    llvm::Type *mpacked_type[jit_convention::length];
+  };
 
-  // The inverse operation of pack.
-  convert_fn unpack (jit_convention::type cc) { return munpack[cc]; }
+  // seperate print function to allow easy printing if type is null
+  std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_type *atype);
 
-  void set_unpack (jit_convention::type cc, convert_fn fn)
-  { munpack[cc] = fn; }
+  class jit_value;
 
-  // The resulting type after pack is called.
-  llvm::Type * packed_type (jit_convention::type cc)
-  { return mpacked_type[cc]; }
+  // An abstraction for calling llvm functions with jit_values.  Deals with
+  // calling convention details.
+  class
+  jit_function
+  {
+    friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn);
+  public:
+    // create a function in an invalid state
+    jit_function ();
+
+    jit_function (llvm::Module *amodule, jit_convention::type acall_conv,
+                  const llvm::Twine& aname, jit_type *aresult,
+                  const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs);
 
-  void set_packed_type (jit_convention::type cc, llvm::Type *ty)
-  { mpacked_type[cc] = ty; }
-private:
-  std::string mname;
-  jit_type *mparent;
-  llvm::Type *llvm_type;
-  int mid;
-  size_t mdepth;
-  bool mskip_paren;
+    // Use an existing function, but change the argument types.  The new argument
+    // types must behave the same for the current calling convention.
+    jit_function (const jit_function& fn, jit_type *aresult,
+                  const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs);
+
+    jit_function (const jit_function& fn);
 
-  bool msret[jit_convention::length];
-  bool mpointer_arg[jit_convention::length];
+    // erase the interal LLVM function (if it exists).  Will become invalid.
+    void erase (void);
 
-  convert_fn mpack[jit_convention::length];
-  convert_fn munpack[jit_convention::length];
-
-  llvm::Type *mpacked_type[jit_convention::length];
-};
+    template <typename T>
+    void add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, T fn)
+    {
+      do_add_mapping (engine, reinterpret_cast<void *> (fn));
+    }
 
-// seperate print function to allow easy printing if type is null
-std::ostream& jit_print (std::ostream& os, jit_type *atype);
+    bool valid (void) const { return llvm_function; }
 
-class jit_value;
+    std::string name (void) const;
+
+    llvm::BasicBlock * new_block (const std::string& aname = "body",
+                                  llvm::BasicBlock *insert_before = nullptr);
 
-// An abstraction for calling llvm functions with jit_values.  Deals with
-// calling convention details.
-class
-jit_function
-{
-  friend std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn);
-public:
-  // create a function in an invalid state
-  jit_function ();
+    typedef std::vector<llvm::Value *> arg_vec;
 
-  jit_function (llvm::Module *amodule, jit_convention::type acall_conv,
-                const llvm::Twine& aname, jit_type *aresult,
-                const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs);
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                        const arg_vec& in_args = arg_vec ()) const;
+
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                        const std::vector<jit_value *>& in_args) const;
 
-  // Use an existing function, but change the argument types.  The new argument
-  // types must behave the same for the current calling convention.
-  jit_function (const jit_function& fn, jit_type *aresult,
-                const std::vector<jit_type *>& aargs);
-
-  jit_function (const jit_function& fn);
-
-  // erase the interal LLVM function (if it exists).  Will become invalid.
-  void erase (void);
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, arg_vec& in_args,
+                        llvm::Value * arg1, Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      in_args.push_back (arg1);
+      return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  template <typename T>
-  void add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, T fn)
-  {
-    do_add_mapping (engine, reinterpret_cast<void *> (fn));
-  }
+    template <typename T, typename ...Args>
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, arg_vec& in_args,
+                        T * arg1, Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      in_args.push_back (arg1->to_llvm ());
+      return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  bool valid (void) const { return llvm_function; }
-
-  std::string name (void) const;
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value * arg1,
+                        Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      arg_vec in_args;
+      in_args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      in_args.push_back (arg1);
+      return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  llvm::BasicBlock * new_block (const std::string& aname = "body",
-                                llvm::BasicBlock *insert_before = nullptr);
+    template <typename T, typename ...Args>
+    llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, T * arg1,
+                        Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      arg_vec in_args;
+      in_args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      in_args.push_back (arg1->to_llvm ());
+      return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  typedef std::vector<llvm::Value *> arg_vec;
+    llvm::Value * argument (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, size_t idx) const;
 
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                      const arg_vec& in_args = arg_vec ()) const;
+    void do_return (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value *rval = nullptr,
+                    bool verify = true);
+
+    llvm::Function * to_llvm (void) const { return llvm_function; }
 
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                      const std::vector<jit_value *>& in_args) const;
+    // If true, then the return value is passed as a pointer in the first argument
+    bool sret (void) const { return mresult && mresult->sret (call_conv); }
+
+    bool can_error (void) const { return mcan_error; }
+
+    void mark_can_error (void) { mcan_error = true; }
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, arg_vec& in_args,
-                      llvm::Value * arg1, Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    in_args.push_back (arg1);
-    return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
-  }
+    jit_type * result (void) const { return mresult; }
+
+    jit_type * argument_type (size_t idx) const
+    {
+      assert (idx < args.size ());
+      return args[idx];
+    }
+
+    const std::vector<jit_type *>& arguments (void) const { return args; }
+  private:
+    void do_add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, void *fn);
 
-  template <typename T, typename ...Args>
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, arg_vec& in_args,
-                      T * arg1, Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    in_args.push_back (arg1->to_llvm ());
-    return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
-  }
+    llvm::Module *module;
+    llvm::Function *llvm_function;
+    jit_type *mresult;
+    std::vector<jit_type *> args;
+    jit_convention::type call_conv;
+    bool mcan_error;
+  };
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value * arg1,
-                      Args... other_args) const
+  std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn);
+
+  // Keeps track of information about how to implement operations (+, -, *, ect)
+  // and their resulting types.
+  class
+  jit_operation
   {
-    arg_vec in_args;
-    in_args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    in_args.push_back (arg1);
-    return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
-  }
+  public:
+    // type signature vector
+    typedef std::vector<jit_type *> signature_vec;
+
+    virtual ~jit_operation (void);
 
-  template <typename T, typename ...Args>
-  llvm::Value * call (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, T * arg1,
-                      Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    arg_vec in_args;
-    in_args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    in_args.push_back (arg1->to_llvm ());
-    return call (builder, in_args, other_args...);
-  }
+    void add_overload (const jit_function& func)
+    {
+      add_overload (func, func.arguments ());
+    }
 
-  llvm::Value * argument (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, size_t idx) const;
+    void add_overload (const jit_function& func,
+                       const signature_vec& args);
 
-  void do_return (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder, llvm::Value *rval = nullptr,
-                  bool verify = true);
+    const jit_function& overload (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  llvm::Function * to_llvm (void) const { return llvm_function; }
-
-  // If true, then the return value is passed as a pointer in the first argument
-  bool sret (void) const { return mresult && mresult->sret (call_conv); }
-
-  bool can_error (void) const { return mcan_error; }
-
-  void mark_can_error (void) { mcan_error = true; }
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    const jit_function& overload (signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
+                                  Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return overload (args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  jit_type * result (void) const { return mresult; }
-
-  jit_type * argument_type (size_t idx) const
-  {
-    assert (idx < args.size ());
-    return args[idx];
-  }
-
-  const std::vector<jit_type *>& arguments (void) const { return args; }
-private:
-  void do_add_mapping (llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine, void *fn);
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    const jit_function& overload (jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      signature_vec args;
+      args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return overload (args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  llvm::Module *module;
-  llvm::Function *llvm_function;
-  jit_type *mresult;
-  std::vector<jit_type *> args;
-  jit_convention::type call_conv;
-  bool mcan_error;
-};
-
-std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const jit_function& fn);
+    jit_type * result (const signature_vec& types) const
+    {
+      const jit_function& temp = overload (types);
+      return temp.result ();
+    }
 
-// Keeps track of information about how to implement operations (+, -, *, ect)
-// and their resulting types.
-class
-jit_operation
-{
-public:
-  // type signature vector
-  typedef std::vector<jit_type *> signature_vec;
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_type * result (signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
+                       Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return overload (args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  virtual ~jit_operation (void);
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_type * result (jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args) const
+    {
+      signature_vec args;
+      args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return overload (args, other_args...);
+    }
+
+    const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
 
-  void add_overload (const jit_function& func)
-  {
-    add_overload (func, func.arguments ());
-  }
+    void stash_name (const std::string& aname) { mname = aname; }
+  protected:
+    virtual jit_function * generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
+  private:
+    Array<octave_idx_type> to_idx (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  void add_overload (const jit_function& func,
-                     const signature_vec& args);
+    const jit_function& do_generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  const jit_function& overload (const signature_vec& types) const;
+    struct signature_cmp
+    {
+      bool operator () (const signature_vec *lhs, const signature_vec *rhs) const;
+    };
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  const jit_function& overload (signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
-                                Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return overload (args, other_args...);
-  }
+    typedef std::map<const signature_vec *, jit_function *, signature_cmp>
+    generated_map;
+
+    mutable generated_map generated;
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  const jit_function& overload (jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args) const
+    std::vector<Array<jit_function>> overloads;
+
+    std::string mname;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_index_operation : public jit_operation
   {
-    signature_vec args;
-    args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return overload (args, other_args...);
-  }
+  public:
+    jit_index_operation (void) : module (0), engine (0) { }
 
-  jit_type * result (const signature_vec& types) const
-  {
-    const jit_function& temp = overload (types);
-    return temp.result ();
-  }
+    void initialize (llvm::Module *amodule, llvm::ExecutionEngine *aengine)
+    {
+      module = amodule;
+      engine = aengine;
+      do_initialize ();
+    }
+  protected:
+    virtual jit_function * generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_type * result (signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
-                     Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return overload (args, other_args...);
-  }
+    virtual jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const = 0;
+
+    virtual void do_initialize (void) = 0;
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_type * result (jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args) const
-  {
-    signature_vec args;
-    args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return overload (args, other_args...);
-  }
+    // helper functions
+    // [start_idx, end_idx).
+    llvm::Value * create_arg_array (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
+                                    const jit_function& fn, size_t start_idx,
+                                    size_t end_idx) const;
 
-  const std::string& name (void) const { return mname; }
+    llvm::Module *module;
+    llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+  };
 
-  void stash_name (const std::string& aname) { mname = aname; }
-protected:
-  virtual jit_function * generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
-private:
-  Array<octave_idx_type> to_idx (const signature_vec& types) const;
+  class
+  jit_paren_subsref : public jit_index_operation
+  {
+  protected:
+    virtual jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  const jit_function& do_generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
-
-  struct signature_cmp
-  {
-    bool operator () (const signature_vec *lhs, const signature_vec *rhs) const;
+    virtual void do_initialize (void);
+  private:
+    jit_function paren_scalar;
   };
 
-  typedef std::map<const signature_vec *, jit_function *, signature_cmp>
-  generated_map;
-
-  mutable generated_map generated;
-
-  std::vector<Array<jit_function>> overloads;
-
-  std::string mname;
-};
-
-class
-jit_index_operation : public jit_operation
-{
-public:
-  jit_index_operation (void) : module (0), engine (0) { }
-
-  void initialize (llvm::Module *amodule, llvm::ExecutionEngine *aengine)
+  class
+  jit_paren_subsasgn : public jit_index_operation
   {
-    module = amodule;
-    engine = aengine;
-    do_initialize ();
-  }
-protected:
-  virtual jit_function * generate (const signature_vec& types) const;
-
-  virtual jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const = 0;
-
-  virtual void do_initialize (void) = 0;
-
-  // helper functions
-  // [start_idx, end_idx).
-  llvm::Value * create_arg_array (llvm::IRBuilderD& builder,
-                                  const jit_function& fn, size_t start_idx,
-                                  size_t end_idx) const;
-
-  llvm::Module *module;
-  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
-};
-
-class
-jit_paren_subsref : public jit_index_operation
-{
-protected:
-  virtual jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const;
-
-  virtual void do_initialize (void);
-private:
-  jit_function paren_scalar;
-};
-
-class
-jit_paren_subsasgn : public jit_index_operation
-{
-protected:
-  jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const;
-
-  virtual void do_initialize (void);
-private:
-  jit_function paren_scalar;
-};
-
-// A singleton class which handles the construction of jit_types and
-// jit_operations.
-class
-jit_typeinfo
-{
-public:
-  static void initialize (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e);
-
-  static jit_type * join (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *rhs)
-  {
-    return instance->do_join (lhs, rhs);
-  }
-
-  static jit_type * get_any (void) { return instance->any; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_matrix (void) { return instance->matrix; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_scalar (void) { return instance->scalar; }
-
-  static llvm::Type * get_scalar_llvm (void)
-  { return instance->scalar->to_llvm (); }
-
-  static jit_type * get_scalar_ptr (void) { return instance->scalar_ptr; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_any_ptr (void) { return instance->any_ptr; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_range (void) { return instance->range; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_string (void) { return instance->string; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_bool (void) { return instance->boolean; }
-
-  static jit_type * get_index (void) { return instance->index; }
+  protected:
+    jit_function * generate_matrix (const signature_vec& types) const;
 
-  static llvm::Type * get_index_llvm (void)
-  { return instance->index->to_llvm (); }
-
-  static jit_type * get_complex (void) { return instance->complex; }
-
-  // Get the jit_type of an octave_value
-  static jit_type * type_of (const octave_value& ov)
-  {
-    return instance->do_type_of (ov);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& binary_op (int op)
-  {
-    return instance->do_binary_op (op);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& unary_op (int op)
-  {
-    return instance->do_unary_op (op);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& grab (void) { return instance->grab_fn; }
-
-  static const jit_function& get_grab (jit_type *type)
-  {
-    return instance->grab_fn.overload (type);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& release (void)
-  {
-    return instance->release_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_function& get_release (jit_type *type)
-  {
-    return instance->release_fn.overload (type);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& destroy (void)
-  {
-    return instance->destroy_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& print_value (void)
-  {
-    return instance->print_fn;
-  }
+    virtual void do_initialize (void);
+  private:
+    jit_function paren_scalar;
+  };
 
-  static const jit_operation& for_init (void)
-  {
-    return instance->for_init_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& for_check (void)
-  {
-    return instance->for_check_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& for_index (void)
-  {
-    return instance->for_index_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& make_range (void)
-  {
-    return instance->make_range_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& paren_subsref (void)
-  {
-    return instance->paren_subsref_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& paren_subsasgn (void)
-  {
-    return instance->paren_subsasgn_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& logically_true (void)
-  {
-    return instance->logically_true_fn;
-  }
-
-  static const jit_operation& cast (jit_type *result)
-  {
-    return instance->do_cast (result);
-  }
-
-  static const jit_function& cast (jit_type *to, jit_type *from)
-  {
-    return instance->do_cast (to, from);
-  }
-
-  static llvm::Value * insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld)
-  {
-    return instance->do_insert_error_check (bld);
-  }
-
-  static llvm::Value * insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld)
+  // A singleton class which handles the construction of jit_types and
+  // jit_operations.
+  class
+  jit_typeinfo
   {
-    return instance->do_insert_interrupt_check (bld);
-  }
+  public:
+    static void initialize (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e);
+
+    static jit_type * join (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *rhs)
+    {
+      return instance->do_join (lhs, rhs);
+    }
+
+    static jit_type * get_any (void) { return instance->any; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_matrix (void) { return instance->matrix; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_scalar (void) { return instance->scalar; }
+
+    static llvm::Type * get_scalar_llvm (void)
+    { return instance->scalar->to_llvm (); }
+
+    static jit_type * get_scalar_ptr (void) { return instance->scalar_ptr; }
 
-  static const jit_operation& end (void)
-  {
-    return instance->end_fn;
-  }
+    static jit_type * get_any_ptr (void) { return instance->any_ptr; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_range (void) { return instance->range; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_string (void) { return instance->string; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_bool (void) { return instance->boolean; }
+
+    static jit_type * get_index (void) { return instance->index; }
 
-  static const jit_function& end (jit_value *value, jit_value *index,
-                                  jit_value *count)
-  {
-    return instance->do_end (value, index, count);
-  }
+    static llvm::Type * get_index_llvm (void)
+    { return instance->index->to_llvm (); }
+
+    static jit_type * get_complex (void) { return instance->complex; }
+
+    // Get the jit_type of an octave_value
+    static jit_type * type_of (const octave_value& ov)
+    {
+      return instance->do_type_of (ov);
+    }
 
-  static const jit_operation& create_undef (void)
-  {
-    return instance->create_undef_fn;
-  }
+    static const jit_operation& binary_op (int op)
+    {
+      return instance->do_binary_op (op);
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& unary_op (int op)
+    {
+      return instance->do_unary_op (op);
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& grab (void) { return instance->grab_fn; }
+
+    static const jit_function& get_grab (jit_type *type)
+    {
+      return instance->grab_fn.overload (type);
+    }
 
-  static llvm::Value * create_complex (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag)
-  {
-    return instance->complex_new (real, imag);
-  }
-private:
-  jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e);
+    static const jit_operation& release (void)
+    {
+      return instance->release_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_function& get_release (jit_type *type)
+    {
+      return instance->release_fn.overload (type);
+    }
 
-  // FIXME: Do these methods really need to be in jit_typeinfo?
-  jit_type * do_join (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *rhs)
-  {
-    // empty case
-    if (! lhs)
-      return rhs;
+    static const jit_operation& destroy (void)
+    {
+      return instance->destroy_fn;
+    }
 
-    if (! rhs)
-      return lhs;
+    static const jit_operation& print_value (void)
+    {
+      return instance->print_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& for_init (void)
+    {
+      return instance->for_init_fn;
+    }
 
-    // check for a shared parent
-    while (lhs != rhs)
-      {
-        if (lhs->depth () > rhs->depth ())
-          lhs = lhs->parent ();
-        else if (lhs->depth () < rhs->depth ())
-          rhs = rhs->parent ();
-        else
-          {
-            // we MUST have depth > 0 as any is the base type of everything
-            do
-              {
-                lhs = lhs->parent ();
-                rhs = rhs->parent ();
-              }
-            while (lhs != rhs);
-          }
-      }
+    static const jit_operation& for_check (void)
+    {
+      return instance->for_check_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& for_index (void)
+    {
+      return instance->for_index_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& make_range (void)
+    {
+      return instance->make_range_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& paren_subsref (void)
+    {
+      return instance->paren_subsref_fn;
+    }
 
-    return lhs;
-  }
+    static const jit_operation& paren_subsasgn (void)
+    {
+      return instance->paren_subsasgn_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_operation& logically_true (void)
+    {
+      return instance->logically_true_fn;
+    }
 
-  jit_type * do_difference (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *)
-  {
-    // FIXME: Maybe we can do something smarter?
-    return lhs;
-  }
+    static const jit_operation& cast (jit_type *result)
+    {
+      return instance->do_cast (result);
+    }
 
-  jit_type * do_type_of (const octave_value& ov) const;
+    static const jit_function& cast (jit_type *to, jit_type *from)
+    {
+      return instance->do_cast (to, from);
+    }
 
-  const jit_operation& do_binary_op (int op) const
-  {
-    assert (static_cast<size_t>(op) < binary_ops.size ());
-    return binary_ops[op];
-  }
+    static llvm::Value * insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld)
+    {
+      return instance->do_insert_error_check (bld);
+    }
+
+    static llvm::Value * insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld)
+    {
+      return instance->do_insert_interrupt_check (bld);
+    }
 
-  const jit_operation& do_unary_op (int op) const
-  {
-    assert (static_cast<size_t> (op) < unary_ops.size ());
-    return unary_ops[op];
-  }
+    static const jit_operation& end (void)
+    {
+      return instance->end_fn;
+    }
+
+    static const jit_function& end (jit_value *value, jit_value *index,
+                                    jit_value *count)
+    {
+      return instance->do_end (value, index, count);
+    }
 
-  const jit_operation& do_cast (jit_type *to)
-  {
-    static jit_operation null_function;
-    if (! to)
-      return null_function;
+    static const jit_operation& create_undef (void)
+    {
+      return instance->create_undef_fn;
+    }
 
-    size_t id = to->type_id ();
-    if (id >= casts.size ())
-      return null_function;
-    return casts[id];
-  }
+    static llvm::Value * create_complex (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag)
+    {
+      return instance->complex_new (real, imag);
+    }
+  private:
+    jit_typeinfo (llvm::Module *m, llvm::ExecutionEngine *e);
 
-  const jit_function& do_cast (jit_type *to, jit_type *from)
-  {
-    return do_cast (to).overload (from);
-  }
+    // FIXME: Do these methods really need to be in jit_typeinfo?
+    jit_type * do_join (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *rhs)
+    {
+      // empty case
+      if (! lhs)
+        return rhs;
 
-  const jit_function& do_end (jit_value *value, jit_value *index,
-                              jit_value *count);
+      if (! rhs)
+        return lhs;
 
-  jit_type * new_type (const std::string& name, jit_type *parent,
-                       llvm::Type *llvm_type, bool skip_paren = false);
-
-  void add_print (jit_type *ty, void *fptr);
-
-  void add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+      // check for a shared parent
+      while (lhs != rhs)
+        {
+          if (lhs->depth () > rhs->depth ())
+            lhs = lhs->parent ();
+          else if (lhs->depth () < rhs->depth ())
+            rhs = rhs->parent ();
+          else
+            {
+              // we MUST have depth > 0 as any is the base type of everything
+              do
+                {
+                  lhs = lhs->parent ();
+                  rhs = rhs->parent ();
+                }
+              while (lhs != rhs);
+            }
+        }
 
-  void add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+      return lhs;
+    }
 
-  void add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+    jit_type * do_difference (jit_type *lhs, jit_type *)
+    {
+      // FIXME: Maybe we can do something smarter?
+      return lhs;
+    }
 
-  // type signature vector
-  typedef std::vector<jit_type *> signature_vec;
+    jit_type * do_type_of (const octave_value& ov) const;
+
+    const jit_operation& do_binary_op (int op) const
+    {
+      assert (static_cast<size_t>(op) < binary_ops.size ());
+      return binary_ops[op];
+    }
 
-  // create a function with an external calling convention
-  // forces the function pointer to be specified
-  template <typename T>
-  jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
-                                const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                const signature_vec& args
-                                = signature_vec ())
-  {
-    jit_function retval = create_function (jit_convention::external, name, ret,
-                                           args);
-    retval.add_mapping (ee, fn);
-    return retval;
-  }
+    const jit_operation& do_unary_op (int op) const
+    {
+      assert (static_cast<size_t> (op) < unary_ops.size ());
+      return unary_ops[op];
+    }
+
+    const jit_operation& do_cast (jit_type *to)
+    {
+      static jit_operation null_function;
+      if (! to)
+        return null_function;
+
+      size_t id = to->type_id ();
+      if (id >= casts.size ())
+        return null_function;
+      return casts[id];
+    }
 
-  template <typename T, typename ...Args>
-  jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
-                                const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
-                                Args... other_args)
-  {
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return create_external (ee, fn, name, ret, args, other_args...);
-  }
+    const jit_function& do_cast (jit_type *to, jit_type *from)
+    {
+      return do_cast (to).overload (from);
+    }
+
+    const jit_function& do_end (jit_value *value, jit_value *index,
+                                jit_value *count);
+
+    jit_type * new_type (const std::string& name, jit_type *parent,
+                         llvm::Type *llvm_type, bool skip_paren = false);
 
-  template <typename T, typename ...Args>
-  jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
-                                const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
-  {
-    signature_vec args;
-    args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return create_external (ee, fn, name, ret, args, other_args...);
-  }
+    void add_print (jit_type *ty, void *fptr);
+
+    void add_binary_op (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+    void add_binary_icmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+    void add_binary_fcmp (jit_type *ty, int op, int llvm_op);
+
+    // type signature vector
+    typedef std::vector<jit_type *> signature_vec;
 
-  // use create_external or create_internal directly
-  jit_function create_function (jit_convention::type cc,
-                                const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                const std::vector<jit_type *>& args
-                                = std::vector<jit_type *> ());
+    // create a function with an external calling convention
+    // forces the function pointer to be specified
+    template <typename T>
+    jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
+                                  const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  const signature_vec& args
+                                  = signature_vec ())
+    {
+      jit_function retval = create_function (jit_convention::external, name, ret,
+                                             args);
+      retval.add_mapping (ee, fn);
+      return retval;
+    }
 
-  // create an internal calling convention (a function defined in llvm)
-  jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                const signature_vec& args
-                                = signature_vec ())
-  {
-    return create_function (jit_convention::internal, name, ret, args);
-  }
+    template <typename T, typename ...Args>
+    jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
+                                  const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  signature_vec& args, jit_type * arg1,
+                                  Args... other_args)
+    {
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return create_external (ee, fn, name, ret, args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                signature_vec& args,
-                                jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
-  {
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return create_internal (name, ret, args, other_args...);
-  }
+    template <typename T, typename ...Args>
+    jit_function create_external (llvm::ExecutionEngine *ee, T fn,
+                                  const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
+    {
+      signature_vec args;
+      args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return create_external (ee, fn, name, ret, args, other_args...);
+    }
+
+    // use create_external or create_internal directly
+    jit_function create_function (jit_convention::type cc,
+                                  const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  const std::vector<jit_type *>& args
+                                  = std::vector<jit_type *> ());
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
-                                jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
-  {
-    signature_vec args;
-    args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
-    args.push_back (arg1);
-    return create_internal (name, ret, args, other_args...);
-  }
+    // create an internal calling convention (a function defined in llvm)
+    jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  const signature_vec& args
+                                  = signature_vec ())
+    {
+      return create_function (jit_convention::internal, name, ret, args);
+    }
 
-  jit_function create_identity (jit_type *type);
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  signature_vec& args,
+                                  jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
+    {
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return create_internal (name, ret, args, other_args...);
+    }
+
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_function create_internal (const llvm::Twine& name, jit_type *ret,
+                                  jit_type * arg1, Args... other_args)
+    {
+      signature_vec args;
+      args.reserve (1 + sizeof... (other_args));
+      args.push_back (arg1);
+      return create_internal (name, ret, args, other_args...);
+    }
 
-  llvm::Value * do_insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld);
+    jit_function create_identity (jit_type *type);
+
+    llvm::Value * do_insert_error_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld);
 
-  llvm::Value * do_insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld);
+    llvm::Value * do_insert_interrupt_check (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld);
 
-  void add_builtin (const std::string& name);
+    void add_builtin (const std::string& name);
 
-  void register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t id,
-                           jit_type *result, jit_type *arg0)
-  {
-    std::vector<jit_type *> args (1, arg0);
-    register_intrinsic (name, id, result, args);
-  }
+    void register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t id,
+                             jit_type *result, jit_type *arg0)
+    {
+      std::vector<jit_type *> args (1, arg0);
+      register_intrinsic (name, id, result, args);
+    }
 
-  void register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t id, jit_type *result,
+    void register_intrinsic (const std::string& name, size_t id, jit_type *result,
+                             const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
+
+    void register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
+                           jit_type *arg0)
+    {
+      std::vector<jit_type *> args (1, arg0);
+      register_generic (name, result, args);
+    }
+
+    void register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
                            const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
 
-  void register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
-                         jit_type *arg0)
-  {
-    std::vector<jit_type *> args (1, arg0);
-    register_generic (name, result, args);
-  }
+    octave_builtin * find_builtin (const std::string& name);
+
+    jit_function mirror_binary (const jit_function& fn);
 
-  void register_generic (const std::string& name, jit_type *result,
-                         const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
+    llvm::Function * wrap_complex (llvm::Function *wrap);
+
+    static llvm::Value * pack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld,
+                                       llvm::Value *cplx);
 
-  octave_builtin * find_builtin (const std::string& name);
-
-  jit_function mirror_binary (const jit_function& fn);
-
-  llvm::Function * wrap_complex (llvm::Function *wrap);
+    static llvm::Value * unpack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld,
+                                         llvm::Value *result);
 
-  static llvm::Value * pack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld,
-                                     llvm::Value *cplx);
+    llvm::Value * complex_real (llvm::Value *cx);
 
-  static llvm::Value * unpack_complex (llvm::IRBuilderD& bld,
-                                       llvm::Value *result);
+    llvm::Value * complex_real (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *real);
+
+    llvm::Value * complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx);
 
-  llvm::Value * complex_real (llvm::Value *cx);
+    llvm::Value * complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *imag);
 
-  llvm::Value * complex_real (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *real);
+    llvm::Value * complex_new (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag);
 
-  llvm::Value * complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx);
+    void create_int (size_t nbits);
 
-  llvm::Value * complex_imag (llvm::Value *cx, llvm::Value *imag);
-
-  llvm::Value * complex_new (llvm::Value *real, llvm::Value *imag);
+    jit_type * intN (size_t nbits) const;
 
-  void create_int (size_t nbits);
-
-  jit_type * intN (size_t nbits) const;
-
-  static jit_typeinfo *instance;
+    static jit_typeinfo *instance;
 
-  llvm::Module *module;
-  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
-  int next_id;
+    llvm::Module *module;
+    llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+    int next_id;
 
-  llvm::GlobalVariable *lerror_state;
-  llvm::GlobalVariable *loctave_interrupt_state;
+    llvm::GlobalVariable *lerror_state;
+    llvm::GlobalVariable *loctave_interrupt_state;
+
+    llvm::Type *sig_atomic_type;
 
-  llvm::Type *sig_atomic_type;
+    std::vector<jit_type*> id_to_type;
+    jit_type *any;
+    jit_type *matrix;
+    jit_type *scalar;
+    jit_type *scalar_ptr; // a fake type for interfacing with C++
+    jit_type *any_ptr; // a fake type for interfacing with C++
+    jit_type *range;
+    jit_type *string;
+    jit_type *boolean;
+    jit_type *index;
+    jit_type *complex;
+    jit_type *unknown_function;
+    std::map<size_t, jit_type *> ints;
+    std::map<std::string, jit_type *> builtins;
 
-  std::vector<jit_type*> id_to_type;
-  jit_type *any;
-  jit_type *matrix;
-  jit_type *scalar;
-  jit_type *scalar_ptr; // a fake type for interfacing with C++
-  jit_type *any_ptr; // a fake type for interfacing with C++
-  jit_type *range;
-  jit_type *string;
-  jit_type *boolean;
-  jit_type *index;
-  jit_type *complex;
-  jit_type *unknown_function;
-  std::map<size_t, jit_type *> ints;
-  std::map<std::string, jit_type *> builtins;
-
-  llvm::StructType *complex_ret;
+    llvm::StructType *complex_ret;
 
-  std::vector<jit_operation> binary_ops;
-  std::vector<jit_operation> unary_ops;
-  jit_operation grab_fn;
-  jit_operation release_fn;
-  jit_operation destroy_fn;
-  jit_operation print_fn;
-  jit_operation for_init_fn;
-  jit_operation for_check_fn;
-  jit_operation for_index_fn;
-  jit_operation logically_true_fn;
-  jit_operation make_range_fn;
-  jit_paren_subsref paren_subsref_fn;
-  jit_paren_subsasgn paren_subsasgn_fn;
-  jit_operation end1_fn;
-  jit_operation end_fn;
-  jit_operation create_undef_fn;
+    std::vector<jit_operation> binary_ops;
+    std::vector<jit_operation> unary_ops;
+    jit_operation grab_fn;
+    jit_operation release_fn;
+    jit_operation destroy_fn;
+    jit_operation print_fn;
+    jit_operation for_init_fn;
+    jit_operation for_check_fn;
+    jit_operation for_index_fn;
+    jit_operation logically_true_fn;
+    jit_operation make_range_fn;
+    jit_paren_subsref paren_subsref_fn;
+    jit_paren_subsasgn paren_subsasgn_fn;
+    jit_operation end1_fn;
+    jit_operation end_fn;
+    jit_operation create_undef_fn;
 
-  jit_function any_call;
+    jit_function any_call;
 
-  // type id -> cast function TO that type
-  std::vector<jit_operation> casts;
+    // type id -> cast function TO that type
+    std::vector<jit_operation> casts;
 
-  // type id -> identity function
-  std::vector<jit_function> identities;
+    // type id -> identity function
+    std::vector<jit_function> identities;
 
-  llvm::IRBuilderD& builder;
-};
+    llvm::IRBuilderD& builder;
+  };
+
+}
 
 #endif
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -40,12 +40,17 @@
 
 #include <llvm/Support/raw_os_ostream.h>
 
-std::ostream&
-operator<< (std::ostream& os, const llvm::Value& v)
+namespace octave
 {
-  llvm::raw_os_ostream llvm_out (os);
-  v.print (llvm_out);
-  return os;
+
+  std::ostream&
+  operator<< (std::ostream& os, const llvm::Value& v)
+  {
+    llvm::raw_os_ostream llvm_out (os);
+    v.print (llvm_out);
+    return os;
+  }
+
 }
 
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/jit-util.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 /*
 
-Copyright (C) 2012-2017 Max Brister
+  Copyright (C) 2012-2017 Max Brister
 
-This file is part of Octave.
+  This file is part of Octave.
 
-Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
-under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
-(at your option) any later version.
+  Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
 
-Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
-WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-GNU General Public License for more details.
+  Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
 
-You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
-<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
+  <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 */
 
@@ -73,137 +73,142 @@
   template <bool preserveNames, typename T, typename Inserter>
   class IRBuilder;
 
-typedef IRBuilder<true, ConstantFolder, IRBuilderDefaultInserter<true>>
-IRBuilderD;
+  typedef IRBuilder<true, ConstantFolder, IRBuilderDefaultInserter<true>>
+    IRBuilderD;
 }
 
+// some octave classes that are not (yet) in the octave namespace
 class octave_base_value;
 class octave_builtin;
 class octave_value;
 class tree;
 class tree_expression;
 
-// thrown when we should give up on JIT and interpret
-class jit_fail_exception : public std::runtime_error
+namespace octave
 {
-public:
-  jit_fail_exception (void) : std::runtime_error ("unknown"), mknown (false) { }
-  jit_fail_exception (const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error (reason),
-                                                   mknown (true)
-  { }
+  // thrown when we should give up on JIT and interpret
+  class jit_fail_exception : public std::runtime_error
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_fail_exception (void) : std::runtime_error ("unknown"), mknown (false) { }
+    jit_fail_exception (const std::string& reason) : std::runtime_error (reason),
+                                                     mknown (true)
+    { }
+
+    bool known (void) const { return mknown; }
+  private:
+    bool mknown;
+  };
+
+  // llvm doesn't provide this, and it's really useful for debugging
+  std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const llvm::Value& v);
+
+  template <typename HOLDER_T, typename SUB_T>
+  class jit_internal_node;
 
-  bool known (void) const { return mknown; }
-private:
-  bool mknown;
-};
+  // jit_internal_list and jit_internal_node implement generic embedded doubly
+  // linked lists.  List items extend from jit_internal_list, and can be placed
+  // in nodes of type jit_internal_node.  We use CRTP twice.
+  template <typename LIST_T, typename NODE_T>
+  class
+  jit_internal_list
+  {
+    friend class jit_internal_node<LIST_T, NODE_T>;
+  public:
+    jit_internal_list (void) : use_head (0), use_tail (0), muse_count (0) { }
+
+    virtual ~jit_internal_list (void)
+    {
+      while (use_head)
+        use_head->stash_value (0);
+    }
+
+    NODE_T * first_use (void) const { return use_head; }
 
-// llvm doesn't provide this, and it's really useful for debugging
-std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const llvm::Value& v);
+    size_t use_count (void) const { return muse_count; }
+  private:
+    NODE_T *use_head;
+    NODE_T *use_tail;
+    size_t muse_count;
+  };
+
+  // a node for internal linked lists
+  template <typename LIST_T, typename NODE_T>
+  class
+  jit_internal_node
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef jit_internal_list<LIST_T, NODE_T> jit_ilist;
+
+    jit_internal_node (void) : mvalue (0), mnext (0), mprev (0) { }
+
+    ~jit_internal_node (void) { remove (); }
+
+    LIST_T * value (void) const { return mvalue; }
 
-template <typename HOLDER_T, typename SUB_T>
-class jit_internal_node;
+    void stash_value (LIST_T *avalue)
+    {
+      remove ();
+
+      mvalue = avalue;
+
+      if (mvalue)
+        {
+          jit_ilist *ilist = mvalue;
+          NODE_T *sthis = static_cast<NODE_T *> (this);
+          if (ilist->use_head)
+            {
+              ilist->use_tail->mnext = sthis;
+              mprev = ilist->use_tail;
+            }
+          else
+            ilist->use_head = sthis;
+
+          ilist->use_tail = sthis;
+          ++ilist->muse_count;
+        }
+    }
+
+    NODE_T * next (void) const { return mnext; }
 
-// jit_internal_list and jit_internal_node implement generic embedded doubly
-// linked lists.  List items extend from jit_internal_list, and can be placed
-// in nodes of type jit_internal_node.  We use CRTP twice.
-template <typename LIST_T, typename NODE_T>
-class
-jit_internal_list
-{
-  friend class jit_internal_node<LIST_T, NODE_T>;
-public:
-  jit_internal_list (void) : use_head (0), use_tail (0), muse_count (0) { }
+    NODE_T * prev (void) const { return mprev; }
+  private:
+    void remove ()
+    {
+      if (mvalue)
+        {
+          jit_ilist *ilist = mvalue;
+          if (mprev)
+            mprev->mnext = mnext;
+          else
+            // we are the use_head
+            ilist->use_head = mnext;
 
-  virtual ~jit_internal_list (void)
+          if (mnext)
+            mnext->mprev = mprev;
+          else
+            // we are the use tail
+            ilist->use_tail = mprev;
+
+          mnext = mprev = 0;
+          --ilist->muse_count;
+          mvalue = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    LIST_T *mvalue;
+    NODE_T *mnext;
+    NODE_T *mprev;
+  };
+
+  // Use like: isa<jit_phi> (value)
+  // basically just a short cut type typing dyanmic_cast.
+  template <typename T, typename U>
+  bool isa (U *value)
   {
-    while (use_head)
-      use_head->stash_value (0);
+    return dynamic_cast<T *> (value);
   }
 
-  NODE_T * first_use (void) const { return use_head; }
-
-  size_t use_count (void) const { return muse_count; }
-private:
-  NODE_T *use_head;
-  NODE_T *use_tail;
-  size_t muse_count;
-};
-
-// a node for internal linked lists
-template <typename LIST_T, typename NODE_T>
-class
-jit_internal_node
-{
-public:
-  typedef jit_internal_list<LIST_T, NODE_T> jit_ilist;
-
-  jit_internal_node (void) : mvalue (0), mnext (0), mprev (0) { }
-
-  ~jit_internal_node (void) { remove (); }
-
-  LIST_T * value (void) const { return mvalue; }
-
-  void stash_value (LIST_T *avalue)
-  {
-    remove ();
-
-    mvalue = avalue;
-
-    if (mvalue)
-      {
-        jit_ilist *ilist = mvalue;
-        NODE_T *sthis = static_cast<NODE_T *> (this);
-        if (ilist->use_head)
-          {
-            ilist->use_tail->mnext = sthis;
-            mprev = ilist->use_tail;
-          }
-        else
-          ilist->use_head = sthis;
-
-        ilist->use_tail = sthis;
-        ++ilist->muse_count;
-      }
-  }
-
-  NODE_T * next (void) const { return mnext; }
-
-  NODE_T * prev (void) const { return mprev; }
-private:
-  void remove ()
-  {
-    if (mvalue)
-      {
-        jit_ilist *ilist = mvalue;
-        if (mprev)
-          mprev->mnext = mnext;
-        else
-          // we are the use_head
-          ilist->use_head = mnext;
-
-        if (mnext)
-          mnext->mprev = mprev;
-        else
-          // we are the use tail
-          ilist->use_tail = mprev;
-
-        mnext = mprev = 0;
-        --ilist->muse_count;
-        mvalue = 0;
-      }
-  }
-
-  LIST_T *mvalue;
-  NODE_T *mnext;
-  NODE_T *mprev;
-};
-
-// Use like: isa<jit_phi> (value)
-// basically just a short cut type typing dyanmic_cast.
-template <typename T, typename U>
-bool isa (U *value)
-{
-  return dynamic_cast<T *> (value);
 }
 
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -42,17 +42,10 @@
 #include "sighandlers.h"
 #include "symtab.h"
 #include "variables.h"
+#include "interpreter-private.h"
 
 #if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
 
-static bool Vdebug_jit = false;
-
-static bool Vjit_enable = false;
-
-static int Vjit_startcnt = 1000;
-
-static int Vjit_failcnt = 0;
-
 #include <llvm/Analysis/CallGraph.h>
 #include <llvm/Analysis/Passes.h>
 
@@ -102,2414 +95,2424 @@
 #include <llvm/Transforms/IPO.h>
 #include <llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h>
 
-static llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (llvm::getGlobalContext ());
-
-static llvm::LLVMContext& context = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
-
-// -------------------- jit_break_exception --------------------
-
-// jit_break is thrown whenever a branch we are converting has only breaks or
-// continues.  This is because all code that follows a break or continue
-// is dead.
-class jit_break_exception : public std::exception
-{ };
-
-// -------------------- jit_convert --------------------
-jit_convert::jit_convert (tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds)
-  : converting_function (false)
-{
-  octave::symbol_table::scope *scope = octave::__get_current_scope__ ("jit_convert::jit_convert");
-
-  initialize (scope);
-
-  if (for_bounds)
-    create_variable (next_for_bounds (false), for_bounds);
-
-  try
-    {
-      visit (tee);
-    }
-  catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-    { }
-
-  // breaks must have been handled by the top level loop
-  assert (breaks.empty ());
-  assert (continues.empty ());
-
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (final_block));
-  blocks.push_back (final_block);
-
-  for (variable_map::iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_variable *var = iter->second;
-      const std::string& name = var->name ();
-      if (name.size () && name[0] != '#')
-        final_block->append (factory.create<jit_store_argument> (var));
-    }
-
-  final_block->append (factory.create<jit_return> ());
-}
-
-jit_convert::jit_convert (octave_user_function& fcn,
-                          const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
-  : converting_function (true)
+static bool Vdebug_jit = false;
+
+static bool Vjit_enable = false;
+
+static int Vjit_startcnt = 1000;
+
+static int Vjit_failcnt = 0;
+
+namespace octave
 {
-  initialize (fcn.scope ());
-
-  tree_parameter_list *plist = fcn.parameter_list ();
-  tree_parameter_list *rlist = fcn.return_list ();
-  if (plist && plist->takes_varargs ())
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("varags not supported");
-
-  if (rlist && (rlist->size () > 1 || rlist->takes_varargs ()))
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("multiple returns not supported");
-
-  if (plist)
-    {
-      tree_parameter_list::iterator piter = plist->begin ();
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i, ++piter)
-        {
-          if (piter == plist->end ())
-            throw jit_fail_exception ("Too many parameter to function");
-
-          tree_decl_elt *elt = *piter;
-          std::string name = elt->name ();
-          create_variable (name, args[i]);
-        }
-    }
-
-  jit_value *return_value = nullptr;
-  bool all_breaking = false;
-  if (fcn.is_special_expr ())
-    {
-      tree_expression *expr = fcn.special_expr ();
-      if (expr)
-        {
-          jit_variable *retvar = get_variable ("#return");
-          jit_value *retval = nullptr;
-          try
-            {
-              retval = visit (expr);
-            }
-          catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-            { }
-
-          if (breaks.size () || continues.size ())
-            throw jit_fail_exception ("break/continue not supported in "
-                                      "anonymous functions");
-
-          block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (retvar, retval));
-          return_value = retvar;
-        }
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      try
-        {
-          visit_statement_list (*fcn.body ());
-        }
-      catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-        {
-          all_breaking = true;
-        }
-
-      // the user may use break or continue to exit the function
-      finish_breaks (final_block, continues);
-      finish_breaks (final_block, breaks);
-    }
-
-  if (! all_breaking)
+  static llvm::IRBuilder<> builder (llvm::getGlobalContext ());
+
+  static llvm::LLVMContext& context = llvm::getGlobalContext ();
+
+  // -------------------- jit_break_exception --------------------
+
+  // jit_break is thrown whenever a branch we are converting has only breaks or
+  // continues.  This is because all code that follows a break or continue
+  // is dead.
+  class jit_break_exception : public std::exception
+  { };
+
+  // -------------------- jit_convert --------------------
+  jit_convert::jit_convert (tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds)
+    : converting_function (false)
+  {
+    initialize (__get_current_scope__ ("jit_convert::jit_convert"));
+
+    if (for_bounds)
+      create_variable (next_for_bounds (false), for_bounds);
+
+    try
+      {
+        visit (tee);
+      }
+    catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+      { }
+
+    // breaks must have been handled by the top level loop
+    assert (breaks.empty ());
+    assert (continues.empty ());
+
     block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (final_block));
-
-  blocks.push_back (final_block);
-  block = final_block;
-
-  if (! return_value && rlist && rlist->size () == 1)
-    {
-      tree_decl_elt *elt = rlist->front ();
-      return_value = get_variable (elt->name ());
-    }
-
-  // FIXME: We should use live range analysis to delete variables where needed.
-  // For now we just delete everything at the end of the function.
-  for (variable_map::iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      if (iter->second != return_value)
-        {
-          jit_call *call;
-          call = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::destroy,
-                                           iter->second);
-          final_block->append (call);
-        }
-    }
-
-  if (return_value)
-    final_block->append (factory.create<jit_return> (return_value));
-  else
+    blocks.push_back (final_block);
+
+    for (variable_map::iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_variable *var = iter->second;
+        const std::string& name = var->name ();
+        if (name.size () && name[0] != '#')
+          final_block->append (factory.create<jit_store_argument> (var));
+      }
+
     final_block->append (factory.create<jit_return> ());
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_anon_fcn_handle implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_argument_list implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression& be)
-{
-  tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
-  jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
-
-  tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
-  jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
-
-  const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (be.op_type ());
-  result = create_checked (fn, lhsv, rhsv);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_boolean_expression (tree_boolean_expression& be)
-{
-  bool is_and = be.op_type () == tree_boolean_expression::bool_and;
-
-  std::string short_name = next_shortcircut_result ();
-  jit_variable *short_result = factory.create<jit_variable> (short_name);
-  vmap[short_name] = short_result;
-
-  jit_block *done = factory.create<jit_block> (block->name ());
-  tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
-  jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
-  lhsv = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, lhsv);
-
-  jit_block *short_early = factory.create<jit_block> ("short_early");
-  blocks.push_back (short_early);
-
-  jit_block *short_cont = factory.create<jit_block> ("short_cont");
-
-  if (is_and)
-    block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (lhsv, short_cont,
-                                                    short_early));
-  else
-    block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (lhsv, short_early,
-                                                    short_cont));
-
-  block = short_early;
-
-  jit_value *early_result = factory.create<jit_const_bool> (! is_and);
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (short_result, early_result));
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (done));
-
-  blocks.push_back (short_cont);
-  block = short_cont;
-
-  tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
-  jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
-  rhsv = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, rhsv);
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (short_result, rhsv));
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (done));
-
-  blocks.push_back (done);
-  block = done;
-  result = short_result;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_break_command (tree_break_command&)
-{
-  breaks.push_back (block);
-  throw jit_break_exception ();
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression& expr)
-{
-  // in the futher we need to add support for classes and deal with rvalues
-  jit_value *base = visit (expr.base ());
-  jit_value *limit = visit (expr.limit ());
-  jit_value *increment;
-  tree_expression *tinc = expr.increment ();
-
-  if (tinc)
-    increment = visit (tinc);
-  else
-    increment = factory.create<jit_const_scalar> (1);
-
-  result = block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::make_range,
-                                                    base, limit, increment));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&)
-{
-  continues.push_back (block);
-  throw jit_break_exception ();
-}
-
-void
+  }
+
+  jit_convert::jit_convert (octave_user_function& fcn,
+                            const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
+    : converting_function (true)
+  {
+    initialize (fcn.scope ());
+
+    tree_parameter_list *plist = fcn.parameter_list ();
+    tree_parameter_list *rlist = fcn.return_list ();
+    if (plist && plist->takes_varargs ())
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("varags not supported");
+
+    if (rlist && (rlist->size () > 1 || rlist->takes_varargs ()))
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("multiple returns not supported");
+
+    if (plist)
+      {
+        tree_parameter_list::iterator piter = plist->begin ();
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i, ++piter)
+          {
+            if (piter == plist->end ())
+              throw jit_fail_exception ("Too many parameter to function");
+
+            tree_decl_elt *elt = *piter;
+            std::string name = elt->name ();
+            create_variable (name, args[i]);
+          }
+      }
+
+    jit_value *return_value = nullptr;
+    bool all_breaking = false;
+    if (fcn.is_special_expr ())
+      {
+        tree_expression *expr = fcn.special_expr ();
+        if (expr)
+          {
+            jit_variable *retvar = get_variable ("#return");
+            jit_value *retval = nullptr;
+            try
+              {
+                retval = visit (expr);
+              }
+            catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+              { }
+
+            if (breaks.size () || continues.size ())
+              throw jit_fail_exception ("break/continue not supported in "
+                                        "anonymous functions");
+
+            block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (retvar, retval));
+            return_value = retvar;
+          }
+      }
+    else
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            visit_statement_list (*fcn.body ());
+          }
+        catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+          {
+            all_breaking = true;
+          }
+
+        // the user may use break or continue to exit the function
+        finish_breaks (final_block, continues);
+        finish_breaks (final_block, breaks);
+      }
+
+    if (! all_breaking)
+      block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (final_block));
+
+    blocks.push_back (final_block);
+    block = final_block;
+
+    if (! return_value && rlist && rlist->size () == 1)
+      {
+        tree_decl_elt *elt = rlist->front ();
+        return_value = get_variable (elt->name ());
+      }
+
+    // FIXME: We should use live range analysis to delete variables where needed.
+    // For now we just delete everything at the end of the function.
+    for (variable_map::iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        if (iter->second != return_value)
+          {
+            jit_call *call;
+            call = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::destroy,
+                                             iter->second);
+            final_block->append (call);
+          }
+      }
+
+    if (return_value)
+      final_block->append (factory.create<jit_return> (return_value));
+    else
+      final_block->append (factory.create<jit_return> ());
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_anon_fcn_handle implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_argument_list implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression& be)
+  {
+    tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
+    jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
+
+    tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
+    jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
+
+    const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (be.op_type ());
+    result = create_checked (fn, lhsv, rhsv);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_boolean_expression (tree_boolean_expression& be)
+  {
+    bool is_and = be.op_type () == tree_boolean_expression::bool_and;
+
+    std::string short_name = next_shortcircut_result ();
+    jit_variable *short_result = factory.create<jit_variable> (short_name);
+    vmap[short_name] = short_result;
+
+    jit_block *done = factory.create<jit_block> (block->name ());
+    tree_expression *lhs = be.lhs ();
+    jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
+    lhsv = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, lhsv);
+
+    jit_block *short_early = factory.create<jit_block> ("short_early");
+    blocks.push_back (short_early);
+
+    jit_block *short_cont = factory.create<jit_block> ("short_cont");
+
+    if (is_and)
+      block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (lhsv, short_cont,
+                                                      short_early));
+    else
+      block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (lhsv, short_early,
+                                                      short_cont));
+
+    block = short_early;
+
+    jit_value *early_result = factory.create<jit_const_bool> (! is_and);
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (short_result, early_result));
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (done));
+
+    blocks.push_back (short_cont);
+    block = short_cont;
+
+    tree_expression *rhs = be.rhs ();
+    jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
+    rhsv = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, rhsv);
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (short_result, rhsv));
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (done));
+
+    blocks.push_back (done);
+    block = done;
+    result = short_result;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_break_command (tree_break_command&)
+  {
+    breaks.push_back (block);
+    throw jit_break_exception ();
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression& expr)
+  {
+    // in the futher we need to add support for classes and deal with rvalues
+    jit_value *base = visit (expr.base ());
+    jit_value *limit = visit (expr.limit ());
+    jit_value *increment;
+    tree_expression *tinc = expr.increment ();
+
+    if (tinc)
+      increment = visit (tinc);
+    else
+      increment = factory.create<jit_const_scalar> (1);
+
+    result = block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::make_range,
+                                                      base, limit, increment));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&)
+  {
+    continues.push_back (block);
+    throw jit_break_exception ();
+  }
+
+  void
 jit_convert::visit_decl_command (tree_decl_command&)
 {
   throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_decl_command implementation");
 }
 
 void
-jit_convert::visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_decl_elt implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_decl_init_list implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command& cmd)
-{
-  // Note we do an initial check to see if the loop will run atleast once.
-  // This allows us to get better type inference bounds on variables defined
-  // and used only inside the for loop (e.g., the index variable)
-
-  // If we are a nested for loop we need to store the previous breaks
-  octave::unwind_protect frame;
-  frame.protect_var (breaks);
-  frame.protect_var (continues);
-  breaks.clear ();
-  continues.clear ();
-
-  // we need a variable for our iterator, because it is used in multiple blocks
-  std::string iter_name = next_iterator ();
-  jit_variable *iterator = factory.create<jit_variable> (iter_name);
-  factory.create<jit_variable> (iter_name);
-  vmap[iter_name] = iterator;
-
-  jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_body");
-  jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_tail");
-
-  // do control expression, iter init, and condition check in prev_block (block)
-  // if we are the top level for loop, the bounds is an input argument.
-  jit_value *control = find_variable (next_for_bounds ());
-  if (! control)
-    control = visit (cmd.control_expr ());
-  jit_call *init_iter = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_init,
-                                                  control);
-  block->append (init_iter);
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (iterator, init_iter));
-
-  jit_call *check = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_check, control,
-                                              iterator);
-  block->append (check);
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body, tail));
-
-  blocks.push_back (body);
-  block = body;
-
-  // compute the syntactical iterator
-  jit_call *idx_rhs = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_index,
-                                                control, iterator);
-  block->append (idx_rhs);
-  do_assign (cmd.left_hand_side (), idx_rhs);
-
-  // do loop
-  tree_statement_list *pt_body = cmd.body ();
-  bool all_breaking = false;
-  try
-    {
-      pt_body->accept (*this);
-    }
-  catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-    {
-      if (continues.empty ())
-        {
-          // WTF are you doing user? Every branch was a break, why did you have
-          // a loop??? Users are silly people...
-          finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
-          blocks.push_back (tail);
-          block = tail;
-          return;
-        }
-
-      all_breaking = true;
-    }
-
-  // check our condition, continues jump to this block
-  jit_block *check_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_check");
-  blocks.push_back (check_block);
-
-  jit_block *interrupt_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_interrupt");
-  blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
-
-  if (! all_breaking)
-    block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (check_block));
-  finish_breaks (check_block, continues);
-
-  block = check_block;
-  const jit_operation& add_fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (octave_value::op_add);
-  jit_value *one = factory.create<jit_const_index> (1);
-  jit_call *iter_inc = factory.create<jit_call> (add_fn, iterator, one);
-  block->append (iter_inc);
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (iterator, iter_inc));
-  check = block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_check,
-                                                   control, iterator));
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, interrupt_check,
-                                                  tail));
-
-  block = interrupt_check;
-  jit_error_check *ec
-    = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
-                                       body, final_block);
-  block->append (ec);
-
-  // breaks will go to our tail
-  blocks.push_back (tail);
-  finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
-  block = tail;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_complex_for_command implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_script implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function_header implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function_trailer implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_function_def (tree_function_def&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_function_def implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_identifier (tree_identifier& ti)
-{
-  if (ti.has_magic_end ())
-    {
-      if (! end_context.size ())
-        throw jit_fail_exception ("Illegal end");
-      result = block->append (factory.create<jit_magic_end> (end_context));
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      jit_variable *var = get_variable (ti.name ());
-      jit_instruction *instr;
-      instr = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::grab, var);
-      result = block->append (instr);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_if_clause implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_if_command (tree_if_command& cmd)
-{
-  tree_if_command_list *lst = cmd.cmd_list ();
-  assert (lst); // jwe: Can this be null?
-  lst->accept (*this);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list& lst)
-{
-  tree_if_clause *last = lst.back ();
-  size_t last_else = static_cast<size_t> (last->is_else_clause ());
-
-  // entry_blocks represents the block you need to enter in order to execute
-  // the condition check for the ith clause.  For the else, it is simple the
-  // else body.  If there is no else body, then it is padded with the tail.
-  std::vector<jit_block *> entry_blocks (lst.size () + 1 - last_else);
-  entry_blocks[0] = block;
-
-  // we need to construct blocks first, because they have jumps to each other.
-  tree_if_command_list::iterator iter = lst.begin ();
-  ++iter;
-  for (size_t i = 1; iter != lst.end (); ++iter, ++i)
-    {
-      tree_if_clause *tic = *iter;
-      if (tic->is_else_clause ())
-        entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("else");
-      else
-        entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("ifelse_cond");
-    }
-
-  jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("if_tail");
-  if (! last_else)
-    entry_blocks[entry_blocks.size () - 1] = tail;
-
-  // each branch in the if statement will have different breaks/continues
-  block_list current_breaks = breaks;
-  block_list current_continues = continues;
-  breaks.clear ();
-  continues.clear ();
-
-  size_t num_incomming = 0; // number of incomming blocks to our tail
-  iter = lst.begin ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; iter != lst.end (); ++iter, ++i)
-    {
-      tree_if_clause *tic = *iter;
-      block = entry_blocks[i];
-      assert (block);
-
-      if (i) // the first block is prev_block, so it has already been added
-        blocks.push_back (entry_blocks[i]);
-
-      if (! tic->is_else_clause ())
-        {
-          tree_expression *expr = tic->condition ();
-          jit_value *cond = visit (expr);
-          jit_call *check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true,
-                                            cond);
-          jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> (i == 0 ? "if_body"
-                                                              : "ifelse_body");
-          blocks.push_back (body);
-
-          jit_instruction *br = factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body,
-                                                        entry_blocks[i + 1]);
-          block->append (br);
-          block = body;
-        }
-
-      tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = tic->commands ();
-      assert (stmt_lst); // jwe: Can this be null?
-
-      try
-        {
-          stmt_lst->accept (*this);
-          ++num_incomming;
-          block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (tail));
-        }
-      catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-        { }
-
-      current_breaks.splice (current_breaks.end (), breaks);
-      current_continues.splice (current_continues.end (), continues);
-    }
-
-  breaks.splice (breaks.end (), current_breaks);
-  continues.splice (continues.end (), current_continues);
-
-  if (num_incomming || ! last_else)
-    {
-      blocks.push_back (tail);
-      block = tail;
-    }
-  else
-    // every branch broke, so we don't have a tail
-    throw jit_break_exception ();
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression& exp)
-{
-  result = resolve (exp);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_matrix (tree_matrix&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_matrix implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_cell (tree_cell&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_cell implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_multi_assignment implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_no_op_command implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_constant (tree_constant& tc)
-{
-  octave_value v = tc.value ();
-
-  jit_type *ty = jit_typeinfo::type_of (v);
-
-  if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ())
-    {
-      double dv = v.double_value ();
-      result = factory.create<jit_const_scalar> (dv);
-    }
-  else if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_range ())
-    {
-      Range rv = v.range_value ();
-      result = factory.create<jit_const_range> (rv);
-    }
-  else if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_complex ())
-    {
-      Complex cv = v.complex_value ();
-      result = factory.create<jit_const_complex> (cv);
-    }
-  else
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Unknown constant");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_fcn_handle implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_funcall (tree_funcall&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ();
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_parameter_list implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression& tpe)
-{
-  octave_value::unary_op etype = tpe.op_type ();
-  tree_expression *operand = tpe.operand ();
-  jit_value *operandv = visit (operand);
-
-  const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::unary_op (etype);
-  result = create_checked (fn, operandv);
-
-  if (etype == octave_value::op_incr || etype == octave_value::op_decr)
-    {
-      jit_value *ret = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::grab, operandv);
+  jit_convert::visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_decl_elt implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_decl_init_list implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command& cmd)
+  {
+    // Note we do an initial check to see if the loop will run atleast once.
+    // This allows us to get better type inference bounds on variables defined
+    // and used only inside the for loop (e.g., the index variable)
+
+    // If we are a nested for loop we need to store the previous breaks
+    unwind_protect frame;
+    frame.protect_var (breaks);
+    frame.protect_var (continues);
+    breaks.clear ();
+    continues.clear ();
+
+    // we need a variable for our iterator, because it is used in multiple blocks
+    std::string iter_name = next_iterator ();
+    jit_variable *iterator = factory.create<jit_variable> (iter_name);
+    factory.create<jit_variable> (iter_name);
+    vmap[iter_name] = iterator;
+
+    jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_body");
+    jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_tail");
+
+    // do control expression, iter init, and condition check in prev_block (block)
+    // if we are the top level for loop, the bounds is an input argument.
+    jit_value *control = find_variable (next_for_bounds ());
+    if (! control)
+      control = visit (cmd.control_expr ());
+    jit_call *init_iter = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_init,
+                                                    control);
+    block->append (init_iter);
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (iterator, init_iter));
+
+    jit_call *check = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_check, control,
+                                                iterator);
+    block->append (check);
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body, tail));
+
+    blocks.push_back (body);
+    block = body;
+
+    // compute the syntactical iterator
+    jit_call *idx_rhs = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_index,
+                                                  control, iterator);
+    block->append (idx_rhs);
+    do_assign (cmd.left_hand_side (), idx_rhs);
+
+    // do loop
+    tree_statement_list *pt_body = cmd.body ();
+    bool all_breaking = false;
+    try
+      {
+        pt_body->accept (*this);
+      }
+    catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+      {
+        if (continues.empty ())
+          {
+            // WTF are you doing user? Every branch was a break, why did you have
+            // a loop??? Users are silly people...
+            finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
+            blocks.push_back (tail);
+            block = tail;
+            return;
+          }
+
+        all_breaking = true;
+      }
+
+    // check our condition, continues jump to this block
+    jit_block *check_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_check");
+    blocks.push_back (check_block);
+
+    jit_block *interrupt_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("for_interrupt");
+    blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
+
+    if (! all_breaking)
+      block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (check_block));
+    finish_breaks (check_block, continues);
+
+    block = check_block;
+    const jit_operation& add_fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (octave_value::op_add);
+    jit_value *one = factory.create<jit_const_index> (1);
+    jit_call *iter_inc = factory.create<jit_call> (add_fn, iterator, one);
+    block->append (iter_inc);
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (iterator, iter_inc));
+    check = block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::for_check,
+                                                     control, iterator));
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, interrupt_check,
+                                                    tail));
+
+    block = interrupt_check;
+    jit_error_check *ec
+      = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
+                                         body, final_block);
+    block->append (ec);
+
+    // breaks will go to our tail
+    blocks.push_back (tail);
+    finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
+    block = tail;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_complex_for_command implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_script implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function_header implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_octave_user_function_trailer implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_function_def (tree_function_def&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_function_def implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_identifier (tree_identifier& ti)
+  {
+    if (ti.has_magic_end ())
+      {
+        if (! end_context.size ())
+          throw jit_fail_exception ("Illegal end");
+        result = block->append (factory.create<jit_magic_end> (end_context));
+      }
+    else
+      {
+        jit_variable *var = get_variable (ti.name ());
+        jit_instruction *instr;
+        instr = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::grab, var);
+        result = block->append (instr);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_if_clause implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_if_command (tree_if_command& cmd)
+  {
+    tree_if_command_list *lst = cmd.cmd_list ();
+    assert (lst); // jwe: Can this be null?
+    lst->accept (*this);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list& lst)
+  {
+    tree_if_clause *last = lst.back ();
+    size_t last_else = static_cast<size_t> (last->is_else_clause ());
+
+    // entry_blocks represents the block you need to enter in order to execute
+    // the condition check for the ith clause.  For the else, it is simple the
+    // else body.  If there is no else body, then it is padded with the tail.
+    std::vector<jit_block *> entry_blocks (lst.size () + 1 - last_else);
+    entry_blocks[0] = block;
+
+    // we need to construct blocks first, because they have jumps to each other.
+    tree_if_command_list::iterator iter = lst.begin ();
+    ++iter;
+    for (size_t i = 1; iter != lst.end (); ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        tree_if_clause *tic = *iter;
+        if (tic->is_else_clause ())
+          entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("else");
+        else
+          entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("ifelse_cond");
+      }
+
+    jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("if_tail");
+    if (! last_else)
+      entry_blocks[entry_blocks.size () - 1] = tail;
+
+    // each branch in the if statement will have different breaks/continues
+    block_list current_breaks = breaks;
+    block_list current_continues = continues;
+    breaks.clear ();
+    continues.clear ();
+
+    size_t num_incomming = 0; // number of incomming blocks to our tail
+    iter = lst.begin ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; iter != lst.end (); ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        tree_if_clause *tic = *iter;
+        block = entry_blocks[i];
+        assert (block);
+
+        if (i) // the first block is prev_block, so it has already been added
+          blocks.push_back (entry_blocks[i]);
+
+        if (! tic->is_else_clause ())
+          {
+            tree_expression *expr = tic->condition ();
+            jit_value *cond = visit (expr);
+            jit_call *check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true,
+                                              cond);
+            jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> (i == 0 ? "if_body"
+                                                         : "ifelse_body");
+            blocks.push_back (body);
+
+            jit_instruction *br = factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body,
+                                                                   entry_blocks[i + 1]);
+            block->append (br);
+            block = body;
+          }
+
+        tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = tic->commands ();
+        assert (stmt_lst); // jwe: Can this be null?
+
+        try
+          {
+            stmt_lst->accept (*this);
+            ++num_incomming;
+            block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (tail));
+          }
+        catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+          { }
+
+        current_breaks.splice (current_breaks.end (), breaks);
+        current_continues.splice (current_continues.end (), continues);
+      }
+
+    breaks.splice (breaks.end (), current_breaks);
+    continues.splice (continues.end (), current_continues);
+
+    if (num_incomming || ! last_else)
+      {
+        blocks.push_back (tail);
+        block = tail;
+      }
+    else
+      // every branch broke, so we don't have a tail
+      throw jit_break_exception ();
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression& exp)
+  {
+    result = resolve (exp);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_matrix (tree_matrix&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_matrix implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_cell (tree_cell&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_cell implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_multi_assignment implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_no_op_command implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_constant (tree_constant& tc)
+  {
+    octave_value v = tc.value ();
+
+    jit_type *ty = jit_typeinfo::type_of (v);
+
+    if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_scalar ())
+      {
+        double dv = v.double_value ();
+        result = factory.create<jit_const_scalar> (dv);
+      }
+    else if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_range ())
+      {
+        Range rv = v.range_value ();
+        result = factory.create<jit_const_range> (rv);
+      }
+    else if (ty == jit_typeinfo::get_complex ())
+      {
+        Complex cv = v.complex_value ();
+        result = factory.create<jit_const_complex> (cv);
+      }
+    else
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Unknown constant");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_fcn_handle implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_funcall (tree_funcall&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ();
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_parameter_list implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression& tpe)
+  {
+    octave_value::unary_op etype = tpe.op_type ();
+    tree_expression *operand = tpe.operand ();
+    jit_value *operandv = visit (operand);
+
+    const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::unary_op (etype);
+    result = create_checked (fn, operandv);
+
+    if (etype == octave_value::op_incr || etype == octave_value::op_decr)
+      {
+        jit_value *ret = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::grab, operandv);
+        do_assign (operand, result);
+        result = ret;
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression& tpe)
+  {
+    octave_value::unary_op etype = tpe.op_type ();
+    tree_expression *operand = tpe.operand ();
+    const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::unary_op (etype);
+    result = create_checked (fn, visit (operand));
+
+    if (etype == octave_value::op_incr || etype == octave_value::op_decr)
       do_assign (operand, result);
-      result = ret;
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression& tpe)
-{
-  octave_value::unary_op etype = tpe.op_type ();
-  tree_expression *operand = tpe.operand ();
-  const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::unary_op (etype);
-  result = create_checked (fn, visit (operand));
-
-  if (etype == octave_value::op_incr || etype == octave_value::op_decr)
-    do_assign (operand, result);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_return_command (tree_return_command&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_return_command implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_return_list (tree_return_list&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_return_list implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment& tsa)
-{
-  tree_expression *rhs = tsa.right_hand_side ();
-  jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
-  octave_value::assign_op op = tsa.op_type ();
-
-  if (op != octave_value::op_asn_eq)
-    {
-      // Do the equivalent binary operation, then assign.
-      // This is always correct, but it isn't always optimal.
-      tree_expression *lhs = tsa.left_hand_side ();
-      jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
-      octave_value::binary_op bop = octave_value::assign_op_to_binary_op (op);
-      const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (bop);
-      rhsv = create_checked (fn, lhsv, rhsv);
-    }
-
-  result = do_assign (tsa.left_hand_side (), rhsv);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_statement (tree_statement& stmt)
-{
-  tree_command *cmd = stmt.command ();
-  tree_expression *expr = stmt.expression ();
-
-  if (cmd)
-    visit (cmd);
-  else
-    {
-      // stolen from octave::tree_evaluator::visit_statement
-      bool do_bind_ans = false;
-
-      if (expr->is_identifier ())
-        {
-          tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (expr);
-
-          do_bind_ans = (! id->is_variable ());
-        }
-      else
-        do_bind_ans = (! expr->is_assignment_expression ());
-
-      jit_value *expr_result = visit (expr);
-
-      if (do_bind_ans)
-        do_assign ("ans", expr_result, expr->print_result ());
-      else if (expr->is_identifier () && expr->print_result ())
-        {
-          // FIXME: ugly hack, we need to come up with a way to pass
-          // nargout to visit_identifier
-          const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::print_value ();
-          jit_const_string *name = factory.create<jit_const_string>
-                                    (expr->name ());
-          block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (fn, name, expr_result));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list& lst)
-{
-  for (tree_statement_list::iterator iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      tree_statement *elt = *iter;
-      // jwe: Can this ever be null?
-      assert (elt);
-      elt->accept (*this);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_switch_case implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_switch_case_list implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command& cmd)
-{
-  tree_switch_case_list *lst = cmd.case_list ();
-
-  // always visit switch expression
-  tree_expression *expr = cmd.switch_value ();
-  assert (expr && "Switch value can not be null");
-  jit_value *value = visit (expr);
-  assert (value);
-
-  size_t case_blocks_num = lst->size ();
-
-  if (! case_blocks_num)  // there's nothing to do
-    return;
-
-  // check for otherwise, it's interpreted as last 'else' condition
-  size_t has_otherwise = 0;
-  tree_switch_case *last = lst->back ();
-  if (last->is_default_case ())
-    has_otherwise = 1;
-
-  std::vector<jit_block *> entry_blocks (case_blocks_num + 1 - has_otherwise);
-
-  // the first entry point is always the actual block.  Afterward, new blocks
-  // are created for every case and the otherwise branch
-  entry_blocks[0] = block;
-  for (size_t i = 1; i < case_blocks_num; ++i)
-    entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("case_cond");
-
-  jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("switch_tail");
-
-  // if there's no otherwise branch, the 'else' of the last branch
-  // has to point to the tail
-  if (! has_otherwise)
-    entry_blocks[entry_blocks.size()-1] = tail;
-
-  // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
-  block_list current_breaks = breaks;
-  block_list current_continues = continues;
-  breaks.clear ();
-  continues.clear ();
-
-  size_t num_incomming = 0; // number of incomming blocks to our tail
-
-  tree_switch_case_list::iterator iter = lst->begin ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < case_blocks_num; ++iter, ++i)
-    {
-      tree_switch_case *twc = *iter;
-      block = entry_blocks[i]; // case_cond
-      assert (block);
-
-      if (i)
-        blocks.push_back (entry_blocks[i]);  // first block already pushed
-
-      if (! twc->is_default_case ())
-        {
-          // compare result of switch expression with actual case label
-          tree_expression *te = twc->case_label ();
-          jit_value *label = visit (te);
-          assert(label);
-
-          const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (octave_value::op_eq);
-          jit_value *cond = create_checked (fn, value, label);
-          assert(cond);
-
-          jit_call *check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true,
-                                            cond);
-
-          jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("case_body");
-          blocks.push_back (body);
-
-          block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body,
-                                                          entry_blocks[i+1]));
-          block = body; // case_body
-        }
-
-      tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = twc->commands ();
-      assert(stmt_lst);
-
-      try
-        {
-          stmt_lst->accept (*this);
-          num_incomming++;
-          block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (tail));
-        }
-      catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-        { }
-
-      // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
-      current_breaks.splice (current_breaks.end (), breaks);
-      current_continues.splice (current_continues.end (), continues);
-    }
-
-  // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
-  breaks.splice (breaks.end (), current_breaks);
-  continues.splice (continues.end (), current_continues);
-
-  if (num_incomming || ! has_otherwise)
-    {
-      blocks.push_back (tail);
-      block = tail; // switch_tail
-    }
-  else
-    throw jit_break_exception ();   // every branch broke
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_try_catch_command implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_unwind_protect_command implementation");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_while_command (tree_while_command& wc)
-{
-  octave::unwind_protect frame;
-  frame.protect_var (breaks);
-  frame.protect_var (continues);
-  breaks.clear ();
-  continues.clear ();
-
-  jit_block *cond_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_cond_check");
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (cond_check));
-  blocks.push_back (cond_check);
-  block = cond_check;
-
-  tree_expression *expr = wc.condition ();
-  assert (expr && "While expression can not be null");
-  jit_value *check = visit (expr);
-  check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, check);
-
-  jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_body");
-  blocks.push_back (body);
-
-  jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_tail");
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body, tail));
-  block = body;
-
-  tree_statement_list *loop_body = wc.body ();
-  bool all_breaking = false;
-  if (loop_body)
-    {
-      try
-        {
-          loop_body->accept (*this);
-        }
-      catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-        {
-          all_breaking = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-  finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
-
-  if (! all_breaking || continues.size ())
-    {
-      jit_block *interrupt_check
-        = factory.create<jit_block> ("interrupt_check");
-      blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
-      finish_breaks (interrupt_check, continues);
-      if (! all_breaking)
-        block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (interrupt_check));
-
-      block = interrupt_check;
-      jit_error_check *ec
-        = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
-                                           cond_check, final_block);
-      block->append (ec);
-    }
-
-  blocks.push_back (tail);
-  block = tail;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command& duc)
-{
-  octave::unwind_protect frame;
-  frame.protect_var (breaks);
-  frame.protect_var (continues);
-  breaks.clear ();
-  continues.clear ();
-
-  jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_body");
-  jit_block *cond_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_cond_check");
-  jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_tail");
-
-  block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (body));
-  blocks.push_back (body);
-  block = body;
-
-  tree_statement_list *loop_body = duc.body ();
-  bool all_breaking = false;
-  if (loop_body)
-    {
-      try
-        {
-          loop_body->accept (*this);
-        }
-      catch (const jit_break_exception&)
-        {
-          all_breaking = true;
-        }
-    }
-
-  finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
-
-  if (! all_breaking || continues.size ())
-    {
-      jit_block *interrupt_check
-        = factory.create<jit_block> ("interrupt_check");
-      blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
-      finish_breaks (interrupt_check, continues);
-      if (! all_breaking)
-        block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (interrupt_check));
-
-      block = interrupt_check;
-      jit_error_check *ec
-        = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
-                                           cond_check, final_block);
-      block->append (ec);
-
-      blocks.push_back (cond_check);
-      block = cond_check;
-
-      tree_expression *expr = duc.condition ();
-      assert (expr && "Do-Until expression can not be null");
-      jit_value *check = visit (expr);
-      check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, check);
-
-      block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, tail, body));
-    }
-
-  blocks.push_back (tail);
-  block = tail;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::initialize (octave::symbol_table::scope *s)
-{
-  scope = s;
-  iterator_count = 0;
-  for_bounds_count = 0;
-  short_count = 0;
-  jit_instruction::reset_ids ();
-
-  entry_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("body");
-  final_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("final");
-  blocks.push_back (entry_block);
-  entry_block->mark_alive ();
-  block = entry_block;
-}
-
-jit_call *
-jit_convert::create_checked_impl (jit_call *ret)
-{
-  block->append (ret);
-
-  jit_block *normal = factory.create<jit_block> (block->name ());
-  jit_error_check *check
-    = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_error_state, ret,
-                                       normal, final_block);
-  block->append (check);
-  blocks.push_back (normal);
-  block = normal;
-
-  return ret;
-}
-
-jit_variable *
-jit_convert::find_variable (const std::string& vname) const
-{
-  variable_map::const_iterator iter;
-  iter = vmap.find (vname);
-  return iter != vmap.end () ? iter->second : nullptr;
-}
-
-jit_variable *
-jit_convert::get_variable (const std::string& vname)
-{
-  jit_variable *ret = find_variable (vname);
-  if (ret)
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_return_command (tree_return_command&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_return_command implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_return_list (tree_return_list&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_return_list implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment& tsa)
+  {
+    tree_expression *rhs = tsa.right_hand_side ();
+    jit_value *rhsv = visit (rhs);
+    octave_value::assign_op op = tsa.op_type ();
+
+    if (op != octave_value::op_asn_eq)
+      {
+        // Do the equivalent binary operation, then assign.
+        // This is always correct, but it isn't always optimal.
+        tree_expression *lhs = tsa.left_hand_side ();
+        jit_value *lhsv = visit (lhs);
+        octave_value::binary_op bop = octave_value::assign_op_to_binary_op (op);
+        const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (bop);
+        rhsv = create_checked (fn, lhsv, rhsv);
+      }
+
+    result = do_assign (tsa.left_hand_side (), rhsv);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_statement (tree_statement& stmt)
+  {
+    tree_command *cmd = stmt.command ();
+    tree_expression *expr = stmt.expression ();
+
+    if (cmd)
+      visit (cmd);
+    else
+      {
+        // stolen from octave::tree_evaluator::visit_statement
+        bool do_bind_ans = false;
+
+        if (expr->is_identifier ())
+          {
+            tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (expr);
+
+            do_bind_ans = (! id->is_variable ());
+          }
+        else
+          do_bind_ans = (! expr->is_assignment_expression ());
+
+        jit_value *expr_result = visit (expr);
+
+        if (do_bind_ans)
+          do_assign ("ans", expr_result, expr->print_result ());
+        else if (expr->is_identifier () && expr->print_result ())
+          {
+            // FIXME: ugly hack, we need to come up with a way to pass
+            // nargout to visit_identifier
+            const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::print_value ();
+            jit_const_string *name = factory.create<jit_const_string>
+              (expr->name ());
+            block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (fn, name, expr_result));
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list& lst)
+  {
+    for (tree_statement_list::iterator iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        tree_statement *elt = *iter;
+        // jwe: Can this ever be null?
+        assert (elt);
+        elt->accept (*this);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_switch_case implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_switch_case_list implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command& cmd)
+  {
+    tree_switch_case_list *lst = cmd.case_list ();
+
+    // always visit switch expression
+    tree_expression *expr = cmd.switch_value ();
+    assert (expr && "Switch value can not be null");
+    jit_value *value = visit (expr);
+    assert (value);
+
+    size_t case_blocks_num = lst->size ();
+
+    if (! case_blocks_num)  // there's nothing to do
+      return;
+
+    // check for otherwise, it's interpreted as last 'else' condition
+    size_t has_otherwise = 0;
+    tree_switch_case *last = lst->back ();
+    if (last->is_default_case ())
+      has_otherwise = 1;
+
+    std::vector<jit_block *> entry_blocks (case_blocks_num + 1 - has_otherwise);
+
+    // the first entry point is always the actual block.  Afterward, new blocks
+    // are created for every case and the otherwise branch
+    entry_blocks[0] = block;
+    for (size_t i = 1; i < case_blocks_num; ++i)
+      entry_blocks[i] = factory.create<jit_block> ("case_cond");
+
+    jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("switch_tail");
+
+    // if there's no otherwise branch, the 'else' of the last branch
+    // has to point to the tail
+    if (! has_otherwise)
+      entry_blocks[entry_blocks.size()-1] = tail;
+
+    // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
+    block_list current_breaks = breaks;
+    block_list current_continues = continues;
+    breaks.clear ();
+    continues.clear ();
+
+    size_t num_incomming = 0; // number of incomming blocks to our tail
+
+    tree_switch_case_list::iterator iter = lst->begin ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < case_blocks_num; ++iter, ++i)
+      {
+        tree_switch_case *twc = *iter;
+        block = entry_blocks[i]; // case_cond
+        assert (block);
+
+        if (i)
+          blocks.push_back (entry_blocks[i]);  // first block already pushed
+
+        if (! twc->is_default_case ())
+          {
+            // compare result of switch expression with actual case label
+            tree_expression *te = twc->case_label ();
+            jit_value *label = visit (te);
+            assert(label);
+
+            const jit_operation& fn = jit_typeinfo::binary_op (octave_value::op_eq);
+            jit_value *cond = create_checked (fn, value, label);
+            assert(cond);
+
+            jit_call *check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true,
+                                              cond);
+
+            jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("case_body");
+            blocks.push_back (body);
+
+            block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body,
+                                                            entry_blocks[i+1]));
+            block = body; // case_body
+          }
+
+        tree_statement_list *stmt_lst = twc->commands ();
+        assert(stmt_lst);
+
+        try
+          {
+            stmt_lst->accept (*this);
+            num_incomming++;
+            block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (tail));
+          }
+        catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+          { }
+
+        // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
+        current_breaks.splice (current_breaks.end (), breaks);
+        current_continues.splice (current_continues.end (), continues);
+      }
+
+    // each branch in the case statement will have different breaks/continues
+    breaks.splice (breaks.end (), current_breaks);
+    continues.splice (continues.end (), current_continues);
+
+    if (num_incomming || ! has_otherwise)
+      {
+        blocks.push_back (tail);
+        block = tail; // switch_tail
+      }
+    else
+      throw jit_break_exception ();   // every branch broke
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_try_catch_command implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("No visit_unwind_protect_command implementation");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_while_command (tree_while_command& wc)
+  {
+    unwind_protect frame;
+    frame.protect_var (breaks);
+    frame.protect_var (continues);
+    breaks.clear ();
+    continues.clear ();
+
+    jit_block *cond_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_cond_check");
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (cond_check));
+    blocks.push_back (cond_check);
+    block = cond_check;
+
+    tree_expression *expr = wc.condition ();
+    assert (expr && "While expression can not be null");
+    jit_value *check = visit (expr);
+    check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, check);
+
+    jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_body");
+    blocks.push_back (body);
+
+    jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("while_tail");
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, body, tail));
+    block = body;
+
+    tree_statement_list *loop_body = wc.body ();
+    bool all_breaking = false;
+    if (loop_body)
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            loop_body->accept (*this);
+          }
+        catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+          {
+            all_breaking = true;
+          }
+      }
+
+    finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
+
+    if (! all_breaking || continues.size ())
+      {
+        jit_block *interrupt_check
+          = factory.create<jit_block> ("interrupt_check");
+        blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
+        finish_breaks (interrupt_check, continues);
+        if (! all_breaking)
+          block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (interrupt_check));
+
+        block = interrupt_check;
+        jit_error_check *ec
+          = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
+                                             cond_check, final_block);
+        block->append (ec);
+      }
+
+    blocks.push_back (tail);
+    block = tail;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command& duc)
+  {
+    unwind_protect frame;
+    frame.protect_var (breaks);
+    frame.protect_var (continues);
+    breaks.clear ();
+    continues.clear ();
+
+    jit_block *body = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_body");
+    jit_block *cond_check = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_cond_check");
+    jit_block *tail = factory.create<jit_block> ("do_until_tail");
+
+    block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (body));
+    blocks.push_back (body);
+    block = body;
+
+    tree_statement_list *loop_body = duc.body ();
+    bool all_breaking = false;
+    if (loop_body)
+      {
+        try
+          {
+            loop_body->accept (*this);
+          }
+        catch (const jit_break_exception&)
+          {
+            all_breaking = true;
+          }
+      }
+
+    finish_breaks (tail, breaks);
+
+    if (! all_breaking || continues.size ())
+      {
+        jit_block *interrupt_check
+          = factory.create<jit_block> ("interrupt_check");
+        blocks.push_back (interrupt_check);
+        finish_breaks (interrupt_check, continues);
+        if (! all_breaking)
+          block->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (interrupt_check));
+
+        block = interrupt_check;
+        jit_error_check *ec
+          = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_interrupt,
+                                             cond_check, final_block);
+        block->append (ec);
+
+        blocks.push_back (cond_check);
+        block = cond_check;
+
+        tree_expression *expr = duc.condition ();
+        assert (expr && "Do-Until expression can not be null");
+        jit_value *check = visit (expr);
+        check = create_checked (&jit_typeinfo::logically_true, check);
+
+        block->append (factory.create<jit_cond_branch> (check, tail, body));
+      }
+
+    blocks.push_back (tail);
+    block = tail;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::initialize (symbol_table::scope *s)
+  {
+    scope = s;
+    iterator_count = 0;
+    for_bounds_count = 0;
+    short_count = 0;
+    jit_instruction::reset_ids ();
+
+    entry_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("body");
+    final_block = factory.create<jit_block> ("final");
+    blocks.push_back (entry_block);
+    entry_block->mark_alive ();
+    block = entry_block;
+  }
+
+  jit_call *
+  jit_convert::create_checked_impl (jit_call *ret)
+  {
+    block->append (ret);
+
+    jit_block *normal = factory.create<jit_block> (block->name ());
+    jit_error_check *check
+      = factory.create<jit_error_check> (jit_error_check::var_error_state, ret,
+                                         normal, final_block);
+    block->append (check);
+    blocks.push_back (normal);
+    block = normal;
+
     return ret;
-
-  octave::symbol_table& symtab = octave::__get_symbol_table__ ("jit_convert::find_variable");
-
-  octave::symbol_table::symbol_record record = symtab.find_symbol (vname, scope);
-  if (record.is_persistent () || record.is_global ())
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Persistent and global not yet supported");
-
-  if (converting_function)
-    return create_variable (vname, jit_typeinfo::get_any (), false);
-  else
-    {
-      octave_value val = record.varval ();
-      if (val.is_undefined ())
-        val = symtab.find_function (vname);
-
-      jit_type *type = jit_typeinfo::type_of (val);
-      bounds.push_back (type_bound (type, vname));
-
-      return create_variable (vname, type);
-    }
-}
-
-jit_variable *
-jit_convert::create_variable (const std::string& vname, jit_type *type,
-                              bool isarg)
-{
-  jit_variable *var = factory.create<jit_variable> (vname);
-
-  if (isarg)
-    {
-      jit_extract_argument *extract;
-      extract = factory.create<jit_extract_argument> (type, var);
-      entry_block->prepend (extract);
-    }
-  else
-    {
-      jit_call *init = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::create_undef);
-      jit_assign *assign = factory.create<jit_assign> (var, init);
-      entry_block->prepend (assign);
-      entry_block->prepend (init);
-    }
-
-  return vmap[vname] = var;
-}
-
-std::string
-jit_convert::next_name (const char *prefix, size_t& count, bool inc)
-{
-  std::stringstream ss;
-  ss << prefix << count;
-  if (inc)
-    ++count;
-  return ss.str ();
-}
-
-jit_instruction *
-jit_convert::resolve (tree_index_expression& exp, jit_value *extra_arg,
-                      bool lhs)
-{
-  std::string type = exp.type_tags ();
-  if (! (type.size () == 1 && type[0] == '('))
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Unsupported index operation");
-
-  std::list<tree_argument_list *> args = exp.arg_lists ();
-  if (args.size () != 1)
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Bad number of arguments in "
-                              "tree_index_expression");
-
-  tree_argument_list *arg_list = args.front ();
-  if (! arg_list)
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("null argument list");
-
-  if (arg_list->size () < 1)
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Empty arg_list");
-
-  tree_expression *tree_object = exp.expression ();
-  jit_value *object;
-  if (lhs)
-    {
-      tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (tree_object);
-      if (! id)
-        throw jit_fail_exception ("expected identifier");
-      object = get_variable (id->name ());
-    }
-  else
-    object = visit (tree_object);
-
-  size_t narg = arg_list->size ();
-  tree_argument_list::iterator iter = arg_list->begin ();
-  bool have_extra = extra_arg;
-  std::vector<jit_value *> call_args (narg + 1 + have_extra);
-  call_args[0] = object;
-
-  for (size_t idx = 0; iter != arg_list->end (); ++idx, ++iter)
-    {
-      octave::unwind_protect frame;
-      frame.add_method (&end_context,
-                        &std::vector<jit_magic_end::context>::pop_back);
-
-      jit_magic_end::context ctx (factory, object, idx, narg);
-      end_context.push_back (ctx);
-      call_args[idx + 1] = visit (*iter);
-    }
-
-  if (extra_arg)
-    call_args[call_args.size () - 1] = extra_arg;
-
-  const jit_operation& fres = (lhs ? jit_typeinfo::paren_subsasgn ()
-                                   : jit_typeinfo::paren_subsref ());
-
-  return create_checked (fres, call_args);
-}
-
-jit_value *
-jit_convert::do_assign (tree_expression *exp, jit_value *rhs, bool artificial)
-{
-  if (! exp)
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("NULL lhs in assign");
-
-  if (isa<tree_identifier> (exp))
-    return do_assign (exp->name (), rhs, exp->print_result (), artificial);
-  else if (tree_index_expression *idx
-           = dynamic_cast<tree_index_expression *> (exp))
-    {
-      jit_value *new_object = resolve (*idx, rhs, true);
-      do_assign (idx->expression (), new_object, true);
-
-      // FIXME: Will not work for values that must be release/grabed
-      return rhs;
-    }
-  else
-    throw jit_fail_exception ("Unsupported assignment");
-}
-
-jit_value *
-jit_convert::do_assign (const std::string& lhs, jit_value *rhs,
-                        bool print, bool artificial)
-{
-  jit_variable *var = get_variable (lhs);
-  jit_assign *assign = block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (var, rhs));
-
-  if (artificial)
-    assign->mark_artificial ();
-
-  if (print)
-    {
-      const jit_operation& print_fn = jit_typeinfo::print_value ();
-      jit_const_string *name = factory.create<jit_const_string> (lhs);
-      block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (print_fn, name, var));
-    }
-
-  return var;
-}
-
-jit_value *
-jit_convert::visit (tree& tee)
-{
-  octave::unwind_protect frame;
-  frame.protect_var (result);
-
-  tee.accept (*this);
-  return result;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert::finish_breaks (jit_block *dest, const block_list& lst)
-{
-  for (block_list::const_iterator iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end ();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_block *b = *iter;
-      b->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (dest));
-    }
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_convert_llvm --------------------
-llvm::Function *
-jit_convert_llvm::convert_loop (llvm::Module *module,
-                                const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                                const std::list<jit_value *>& constants)
-{
-  converting_function = false;
-
-  // for now just init arguments from entry, later we will have to do something
-  // more interesting
-  jit_block *entry_block = blocks.front ();
-  for (jit_block::iterator iter = entry_block->begin ();
-       iter != entry_block->end (); ++iter)
-    if (jit_extract_argument *extract
-        = dynamic_cast<jit_extract_argument *> (*iter))
-      argument_vec.push_back (std::make_pair (extract->name (), true));
-
-  jit_type *any = jit_typeinfo::get_any ();
-
-  // argument is an array of octave_base_value*, or octave_base_value**
-  llvm::Type *arg_type = any->to_llvm (); // this is octave_base_value*
-  arg_type = arg_type->getPointerTo ();
-  llvm::FunctionType *ft;
-  ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context), arg_type,
-                                false);
-  function = llvm::Function::Create (ft, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
-                                     "foobar", module);
-
-  try
-    {
-      prelude = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context, "prelude", function);
-      builder.SetInsertPoint (prelude);
-
-      llvm::Value *arg = function->arg_begin ();
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_vec.size (); ++i)
-        {
-          llvm::Value *loaded_arg = builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP1_32 (arg, i);
-          arguments[argument_vec[i].first] = loaded_arg;
-        }
-
-      convert (blocks, constants);
-    }
-  catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
-    {
-      function->eraseFromParent ();
-      throw;
-    }
-
-  return function;
-}
-
-jit_function
-jit_convert_llvm::convert_function (llvm::Module *module,
-                                    const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                                    const std::list<jit_value *>& constants,
-                                    octave_user_function& fcn,
-                                    const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
-{
-  converting_function = true;
-
-  jit_block *final_block = blocks.back ();
-  jit_return *ret = dynamic_cast<jit_return *> (final_block->back ());
-  assert (ret);
-
-  creating = jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
-                           "foobar", ret->result_type (), args);
-  function = creating.to_llvm ();
-
-  try
-    {
-      prelude = creating.new_block ("prelude");
-      builder.SetInsertPoint (prelude);
-
-      tree_parameter_list *plist = fcn.parameter_list ();
-      if (plist)
-        {
-          tree_parameter_list::iterator piter = plist->begin ();
-          tree_parameter_list::iterator pend = plist->end ();
-          for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size () && piter != pend; ++i, ++piter)
-            {
-              tree_decl_elt *elt = *piter;
-              std::string arg_name = elt->name ();
-              arguments[arg_name] = creating.argument (builder, i);
-            }
-        }
-
-      convert (blocks, constants);
-    }
-  catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
-    {
-      function->eraseFromParent ();
-      throw;
-    }
-
-  return creating;
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::convert (const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                           const std::list<jit_value *>& constants)
-{
-  std::list<jit_block *>::const_iterator biter;
-  for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
-    {
-      jit_block *jblock = *biter;
-      llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context,
-                                                          jblock->name (),
-                                                          function);
-      jblock->stash_llvm (block);
-    }
-
-  jit_block *first = *blocks.begin ();
-  builder.CreateBr (first->to_llvm ());
-
-  // constants aren't in the IR, we visit those first
-  for (std::list<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = constants.begin ();
-       iter != constants.end (); ++iter)
-    if (! isa<jit_instruction> (*iter))
+  }
+
+  jit_variable *
+  jit_convert::find_variable (const std::string& vname) const
+  {
+    variable_map::const_iterator iter;
+    iter = vmap.find (vname);
+    return iter != vmap.end () ? iter->second : nullptr;
+  }
+
+  jit_variable *
+  jit_convert::get_variable (const std::string& vname)
+  {
+    jit_variable *ret = find_variable (vname);
+    if (ret)
+      return ret;
+
+    symbol_table& symtab = __get_symbol_table__ ("jit_convert::find_variable");
+
+    symbol_table::symbol_record record = symtab.find_symbol (vname, scope);
+    if (record.is_persistent () || record.is_global ())
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Persistent and global not yet supported");
+
+    if (converting_function)
+      return create_variable (vname, jit_typeinfo::get_any (), false);
+    else
+      {
+        octave_value val = record.varval ();
+        if (val.is_undefined ())
+          val = symtab.find_function (vname);
+
+        jit_type *type = jit_typeinfo::type_of (val);
+        bounds.push_back (type_bound (type, vname));
+
+        return create_variable (vname, type);
+      }
+  }
+
+  jit_variable *
+  jit_convert::create_variable (const std::string& vname, jit_type *type,
+                                bool isarg)
+  {
+    jit_variable *var = factory.create<jit_variable> (vname);
+
+    if (isarg)
+      {
+        jit_extract_argument *extract;
+        extract = factory.create<jit_extract_argument> (type, var);
+        entry_block->prepend (extract);
+      }
+    else
+      {
+        jit_call *init = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::create_undef);
+        jit_assign *assign = factory.create<jit_assign> (var, init);
+        entry_block->prepend (assign);
+        entry_block->prepend (init);
+      }
+
+    return vmap[vname] = var;
+  }
+
+  std::string
+  jit_convert::next_name (const char *prefix, size_t& count, bool inc)
+  {
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    ss << prefix << count;
+    if (inc)
+      ++count;
+    return ss.str ();
+  }
+
+  jit_instruction *
+  jit_convert::resolve (tree_index_expression& exp, jit_value *extra_arg,
+                        bool lhs)
+  {
+    std::string type = exp.type_tags ();
+    if (! (type.size () == 1 && type[0] == '('))
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Unsupported index operation");
+
+    std::list<tree_argument_list *> args = exp.arg_lists ();
+    if (args.size () != 1)
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Bad number of arguments in "
+                                "tree_index_expression");
+
+    tree_argument_list *arg_list = args.front ();
+    if (! arg_list)
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("null argument list");
+
+    if (arg_list->size () < 1)
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Empty arg_list");
+
+    tree_expression *tree_object = exp.expression ();
+    jit_value *object;
+    if (lhs)
+      {
+        tree_identifier *id = dynamic_cast<tree_identifier *> (tree_object);
+        if (! id)
+          throw jit_fail_exception ("expected identifier");
+        object = get_variable (id->name ());
+      }
+    else
+      object = visit (tree_object);
+
+    size_t narg = arg_list->size ();
+    tree_argument_list::iterator iter = arg_list->begin ();
+    bool have_extra = extra_arg;
+    std::vector<jit_value *> call_args (narg + 1 + have_extra);
+    call_args[0] = object;
+
+    for (size_t idx = 0; iter != arg_list->end (); ++idx, ++iter)
+      {
+        unwind_protect frame;
+        frame.add_method (&end_context,
+                          &std::vector<jit_magic_end::context>::pop_back);
+
+        jit_magic_end::context ctx (factory, object, idx, narg);
+        end_context.push_back (ctx);
+        call_args[idx + 1] = visit (*iter);
+      }
+
+    if (extra_arg)
+      call_args[call_args.size () - 1] = extra_arg;
+
+    const jit_operation& fres = (lhs ? jit_typeinfo::paren_subsasgn ()
+                                 : jit_typeinfo::paren_subsref ());
+
+    return create_checked (fres, call_args);
+  }
+
+  jit_value *
+  jit_convert::do_assign (tree_expression *exp, jit_value *rhs, bool artificial)
+  {
+    if (! exp)
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("NULL lhs in assign");
+
+    if (isa<tree_identifier> (exp))
+      return do_assign (exp->name (), rhs, exp->print_result (), artificial);
+    else if (tree_index_expression *idx
+             = dynamic_cast<tree_index_expression *> (exp))
+      {
+        jit_value *new_object = resolve (*idx, rhs, true);
+        do_assign (idx->expression (), new_object, true);
+
+        // FIXME: Will not work for values that must be release/grabed
+        return rhs;
+      }
+    else
+      throw jit_fail_exception ("Unsupported assignment");
+  }
+
+  jit_value *
+  jit_convert::do_assign (const std::string& lhs, jit_value *rhs,
+                          bool print, bool artificial)
+  {
+    jit_variable *var = get_variable (lhs);
+    jit_assign *assign = block->append (factory.create<jit_assign> (var, rhs));
+
+    if (artificial)
+      assign->mark_artificial ();
+
+    if (print)
+      {
+        const jit_operation& print_fn = jit_typeinfo::print_value ();
+        jit_const_string *name = factory.create<jit_const_string> (lhs);
+        block->append (factory.create<jit_call> (print_fn, name, var));
+      }
+
+    return var;
+  }
+
+  jit_value *
+  jit_convert::visit (tree& tee)
+  {
+    unwind_protect frame;
+    frame.protect_var (result);
+
+    tee.accept (*this);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert::finish_breaks (jit_block *dest, const block_list& lst)
+  {
+    for (block_list::const_iterator iter = lst.begin (); iter != lst.end ();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_block *b = *iter;
+        b->append (factory.create<jit_branch> (dest));
+      }
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_convert_llvm --------------------
+  llvm::Function *
+  jit_convert_llvm::convert_loop (llvm::Module *module,
+                                  const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                                  const std::list<jit_value *>& constants)
+  {
+    converting_function = false;
+
+    // for now just init arguments from entry, later we will have to do something
+    // more interesting
+    jit_block *entry_block = blocks.front ();
+    for (jit_block::iterator iter = entry_block->begin ();
+         iter != entry_block->end (); ++iter)
+      if (jit_extract_argument *extract
+          = dynamic_cast<jit_extract_argument *> (*iter))
+        argument_vec.push_back (std::make_pair (extract->name (), true));
+
+    jit_type *any = jit_typeinfo::get_any ();
+
+    // argument is an array of octave_base_value*, or octave_base_value**
+    llvm::Type *arg_type = any->to_llvm (); // this is octave_base_value*
+    arg_type = arg_type->getPointerTo ();
+    llvm::FunctionType *ft;
+    ft = llvm::FunctionType::get (llvm::Type::getVoidTy (context), arg_type,
+                                  false);
+    function = llvm::Function::Create (ft, llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage,
+                                       "foobar", module);
+
+    try
+      {
+        prelude = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context, "prelude", function);
+        builder.SetInsertPoint (prelude);
+
+        llvm::Value *arg = function->arg_begin ();
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < argument_vec.size (); ++i)
+          {
+            llvm::Value *loaded_arg = builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP1_32 (arg, i);
+            arguments[argument_vec[i].first] = loaded_arg;
+          }
+
+        convert (blocks, constants);
+      }
+    catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
+      {
+        function->eraseFromParent ();
+        throw;
+      }
+
+    return function;
+  }
+
+  jit_function
+  jit_convert_llvm::convert_function (llvm::Module *module,
+                                      const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                                      const std::list<jit_value *>& constants,
+                                      octave_user_function& fcn,
+                                      const std::vector<jit_type *>& args)
+  {
+    converting_function = true;
+
+    jit_block *final_block = blocks.back ();
+    jit_return *ret = dynamic_cast<jit_return *> (final_block->back ());
+    assert (ret);
+
+    creating = jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal,
+                             "foobar", ret->result_type (), args);
+    function = creating.to_llvm ();
+
+    try
+      {
+        prelude = creating.new_block ("prelude");
+        builder.SetInsertPoint (prelude);
+
+        tree_parameter_list *plist = fcn.parameter_list ();
+        if (plist)
+          {
+            tree_parameter_list::iterator piter = plist->begin ();
+            tree_parameter_list::iterator pend = plist->end ();
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size () && piter != pend; ++i, ++piter)
+              {
+                tree_decl_elt *elt = *piter;
+                std::string arg_name = elt->name ();
+                arguments[arg_name] = creating.argument (builder, i);
+              }
+          }
+
+        convert (blocks, constants);
+      }
+    catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
+      {
+        function->eraseFromParent ();
+        throw;
+      }
+
+    return creating;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::convert (const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                             const std::list<jit_value *>& constants)
+  {
+    std::list<jit_block *>::const_iterator biter;
+    for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
+      {
+        jit_block *jblock = *biter;
+        llvm::BasicBlock *block = llvm::BasicBlock::Create (context,
+                                                            jblock->name (),
+                                                            function);
+        jblock->stash_llvm (block);
+      }
+
+    jit_block *first = *blocks.begin ();
+    builder.CreateBr (first->to_llvm ());
+
+    // constants aren't in the IR, we visit those first
+    for (std::list<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = constants.begin ();
+         iter != constants.end (); ++iter)
+      if (! isa<jit_instruction> (*iter))
+        visit (*iter);
+
+    // convert all instructions
+    for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
+      visit (*biter);
+
+    // now finish phi nodes
+    for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
+      {
+        jit_block& block = **biter;
+        for (jit_block::iterator piter = block.begin ();
+             piter != block.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*piter); ++piter)
+          {
+            jit_instruction *phi = *piter;
+            finish_phi (static_cast<jit_phi *> (phi));
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::finish_phi (jit_phi *phi)
+  {
+    llvm::PHINode *llvm_phi = phi->to_llvm ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < phi->argument_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        llvm::BasicBlock *pred = phi->incomming_llvm (i);
+        llvm_phi->addIncoming (phi->argument_llvm (i), pred);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_string& cs)
+  {
+    cs.stash_llvm (builder.CreateGlobalStringPtr (cs.value ()));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_bool& cb)
+  {
+    cb.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantInt::get (cb.type_llvm (), cb.value ()));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_scalar& cs)
+  {
+    cs.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantFP::get (cs.type_llvm (), cs.value ()));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_complex& cc)
+  {
+    llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
+    Complex value = cc.value ();
+    llvm::Value *real = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, value.real ());
+    llvm::Value *imag = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, value.imag ());
+    cc.stash_llvm (jit_typeinfo::create_complex (real, imag));
+  }
+
+  void jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_index& ci)
+  {
+    ci.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantInt::get (ci.type_llvm (), ci.value ()));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_range& cr)
+  {
+    llvm::StructType *stype = llvm::cast<llvm::StructType>(cr.type_llvm ());
+    llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
+    llvm::Type *idx = jit_typeinfo::get_index_llvm ();
+    const jit_range& rng = cr.value ();
+
+    llvm::Constant *constants[4];
+    constants[0] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.base);
+    constants[1] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.limit);
+    constants[2] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.inc);
+    constants[3] = llvm::ConstantInt::get (idx, rng.nelem);
+
+    llvm::Value *as_llvm;
+    as_llvm = llvm::ConstantStruct::get (stype,
+                                         llvm::makeArrayRef (constants, 4));
+    cr.stash_llvm (as_llvm);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_block& b)
+  {
+    llvm::BasicBlock *block = b.to_llvm ();
+    builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
+    for (jit_block::iterator iter = b.begin (); iter != b.end (); ++iter)
       visit (*iter);
-
-  // convert all instructions
-  for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
-    visit (*biter);
-
-  // now finish phi nodes
-  for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
-    {
-      jit_block& block = **biter;
-      for (jit_block::iterator piter = block.begin ();
-           piter != block.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*piter); ++piter)
-        {
-          jit_instruction *phi = *piter;
-          finish_phi (static_cast<jit_phi *> (phi));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::finish_phi (jit_phi *phi)
-{
-  llvm::PHINode *llvm_phi = phi->to_llvm ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < phi->argument_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      llvm::BasicBlock *pred = phi->incomming_llvm (i);
-      llvm_phi->addIncoming (phi->argument_llvm (i), pred);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_string& cs)
-{
-  cs.stash_llvm (builder.CreateGlobalStringPtr (cs.value ()));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_bool& cb)
-{
-  cb.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantInt::get (cb.type_llvm (), cb.value ()));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_scalar& cs)
-{
-  cs.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantFP::get (cs.type_llvm (), cs.value ()));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_complex& cc)
-{
-  llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
-  Complex value = cc.value ();
-  llvm::Value *real = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, value.real ());
-  llvm::Value *imag = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, value.imag ());
-  cc.stash_llvm (jit_typeinfo::create_complex (real, imag));
-}
-
-void jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_index& ci)
-{
-  ci.stash_llvm (llvm::ConstantInt::get (ci.type_llvm (), ci.value ()));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_const_range& cr)
-{
-  llvm::StructType *stype = llvm::cast<llvm::StructType>(cr.type_llvm ());
-  llvm::Type *scalar_t = jit_typeinfo::get_scalar_llvm ();
-  llvm::Type *idx = jit_typeinfo::get_index_llvm ();
-  const jit_range& rng = cr.value ();
-
-  llvm::Constant *constants[4];
-  constants[0] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.base);
-  constants[1] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.limit);
-  constants[2] = llvm::ConstantFP::get (scalar_t, rng.inc);
-  constants[3] = llvm::ConstantInt::get (idx, rng.nelem);
-
-  llvm::Value *as_llvm;
-  as_llvm = llvm::ConstantStruct::get (stype,
-                                       llvm::makeArrayRef (constants, 4));
-  cr.stash_llvm (as_llvm);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_block& b)
-{
-  llvm::BasicBlock *block = b.to_llvm ();
-  builder.SetInsertPoint (block);
-  for (jit_block::iterator iter = b.begin (); iter != b.end (); ++iter)
-    visit (*iter);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_branch& b)
-{
-  b.stash_llvm (builder.CreateBr (b.successor_llvm ()));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_cond_branch& cb)
-{
-  llvm::Value *cond = cb.cond_llvm ();
-  llvm::Value *br;
-  br = builder.CreateCondBr (cond, cb.successor_llvm (0),
-                             cb.successor_llvm (1));
-  cb.stash_llvm (br);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_call& call)
-{
-  const jit_function& ol = call.overload ();
-
-  std::vector<jit_value *> args (call.arguments ().size ());
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i)
-    args[i] = call.argument (i);
-
-  llvm::Value *ret = ol.call (builder, args);
-  call.stash_llvm (ret);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_extract_argument& extract)
-{
-  llvm::Value *arg = arguments[extract.name ()];
-  assert (arg);
-
-  if (converting_function)
-    extract.stash_llvm (arg);
-  else
-    {
-      arg = builder.CreateLoad (arg);
-
-      const jit_function& ol = extract.overload ();
-      extract.stash_llvm (ol.call (builder, arg));
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_store_argument& store)
-{
-  const jit_function& ol = store.overload ();
-  llvm::Value *arg_value = ol.call (builder, store.result ());
-  llvm::Value *arg = arguments[store.name ()];
-  store.stash_llvm (builder.CreateStore (arg_value, arg));
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_return& ret)
-{
-  jit_value *res = ret.result ();
-
-  if (converting_function)
-    creating.do_return (builder, res->to_llvm (), false);
-  else
-    {
-      if (res)
-        builder.CreateRet (res->to_llvm ());
-      else
-        builder.CreateRetVoid ();
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_phi& phi)
-{
-  // we might not have converted all incoming branches, so we don't
-  // set incomming branches now
-  llvm::PHINode *node = llvm::PHINode::Create (phi.type_llvm (),
-                                               phi.argument_count ());
-  builder.Insert (node);
-  phi.stash_llvm (node);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_variable&)
-{
-  throw jit_fail_exception ("ERROR: SSA construction should remove all variables");
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_error_check& check)
-{
-  llvm::Value *cond;
-
-  switch (check.check_variable ())
-    {
-    case jit_error_check::var_error_state:
-      cond = jit_typeinfo::insert_error_check (builder);
-      break;
-    case jit_error_check::var_interrupt:
-      cond = jit_typeinfo::insert_interrupt_check (builder);
-      break;
-    default:
-      panic_impossible ();
-    }
-
-  llvm::Value *br = builder.CreateCondBr (cond, check.successor_llvm (0),
-                                          check.successor_llvm (1));
-  check.stash_llvm (br);
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_assign& assign)
-{
-  jit_value *new_value = assign.src ();
-  assign.stash_llvm (new_value->to_llvm ());
-
-  if (assign.artificial ())
-    return;
-
-  jit_value *overwrite = assign.overwrite ();
-  if (isa<jit_assign_base> (overwrite))
-    {
-      const jit_function& ol = jit_typeinfo::get_release (overwrite->type ());
-      if (ol.valid ())
-        ol.call (builder, overwrite);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_argument&)
-{ }
-
-void
-jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_magic_end& me)
-{
-  const jit_function& ol = me.overload ();
-
-  jit_magic_end::context ctx = me.resolve_context ();
-  llvm::Value *ret = ol.call (builder, ctx.value, ctx.index, ctx.count);
-  me.stash_llvm (ret);
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_infer --------------------
-jit_infer::jit_infer (jit_factory& afactory, jit_block_list& ablocks,
-                      const variable_map& avmap)
-  : blocks (ablocks), factory (afactory), vmap (avmap) { }
-
-void
-jit_infer::infer (void)
-{
-  construct_ssa ();
-
-  // initialize the worklist to instructions derived from constants
-  const std::list<jit_value *>& constants = factory.constants ();
-  for (std::list<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = constants.begin ();
-       iter != constants.end (); ++iter)
-    append_users (*iter);
-
-  // the entry block terminator may be a regular branch statement
-  if (entry_block ().terminator ())
-    push_worklist (entry_block ().terminator ());
-
-  // FIXME: Describe algorithm here
-  while (worklist.size ())
-    {
-      jit_instruction *next = worklist.front ();
-      worklist.pop_front ();
-      next->stash_in_worklist (false);
-
-      if (next->infer ())
-        {
-          // terminators need to be handles specially
-          if (jit_terminator *term = dynamic_cast<jit_terminator *> (next))
-            append_users_term (term);
-          else
-            append_users (next);
-        }
-    }
-
-  remove_dead ();
-  blocks.label ();
-  place_releases ();
-  simplify_phi ();
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::append_users (jit_value *v)
-{
-  for (jit_use *use = v->first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
-    push_worklist (use->user ());
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::append_users_term (jit_terminator *term)
-{
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < term->successor_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      if (term->alive (i))
-        {
-          jit_block *succ = term->successor (i);
-          for (jit_block::iterator iter = succ->begin ();
-               iter != succ->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter); ++iter)
-            push_worklist (*iter);
-
-          jit_terminator *sterm = succ->terminator ();
-          if (sterm)
-            push_worklist (sterm);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::construct_ssa (void)
-{
-  blocks.label ();
-  final_block ().compute_idom (entry_block ());
-  entry_block ().compute_df ();
-  entry_block ().create_dom_tree ();
-
-  // insert phi nodes where needed, this is done on a per variable basis
-  for (variable_map::const_iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end ();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_block::df_set visited, added_phi;
-      std::list<jit_block *> ssa_worklist;
-      iter->second->use_blocks (visited);
-      ssa_worklist.insert (ssa_worklist.begin (), visited.begin (),
-                           visited.end ());
-
-      while (ssa_worklist.size ())
-        {
-          jit_block *b = ssa_worklist.front ();
-          ssa_worklist.pop_front ();
-
-          for (jit_block::df_iterator diter = b->df_begin ();
-               diter != b->df_end (); ++diter)
-            {
-              jit_block *dblock = *diter;
-              if (! added_phi.count (dblock))
-                {
-                  jit_phi *phi = factory.create<jit_phi> (iter->second,
-                                                          dblock->use_count ());
-                  dblock->prepend (phi);
-                  added_phi.insert (dblock);
-                }
-
-              if (! visited.count (dblock))
-                {
-                  ssa_worklist.push_back (dblock);
-                  visited.insert (dblock);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  do_construct_ssa (entry_block (), entry_block ().visit_count ());
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::do_construct_ssa (jit_block& ablock, size_t avisit_count)
-{
-  if (ablock.visited (avisit_count))
-    return;
-
-  // replace variables with their current SSA value
-  for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin (); iter != ablock.end ();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-      instr->construct_ssa ();
-      instr->push_variable ();
-    }
-
-  // finish phi nodes of successors
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < ablock.successor_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      jit_block *finish = ablock.successor (i);
-
-      for (jit_block::iterator iter = finish->begin ();
-           iter != finish->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter);)
-        {
-          jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
-          jit_variable *var = phi->dest ();
-          ++iter;
-
-          if (var->has_top ())
-            phi->add_incomming (&ablock, var->top ());
-          else
-            {
-              // temporaries may have extranious phi nodes which can be removed
-              assert (! phi->use_count ());
-              assert (var->name ().size () && var->name ()[0] == '#');
-              phi->remove ();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < ablock.dom_successor_count (); ++i)
-    do_construct_ssa (*ablock.dom_successor (i), avisit_count);
-
-  ablock.pop_all ();
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::place_releases (void)
-{
-  std::set<jit_value *> temporaries;
-  for (jit_block_list::iterator iter = blocks.begin (); iter != blocks.end ();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_block& ablock = **iter;
-      if (ablock.id () != jit_block::NO_ID)
-        {
-          release_temp (ablock, temporaries);
-          release_dead_phi (ablock);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::push_worklist (jit_instruction *instr)
-{
-  if (! instr->in_worklist ())
-    {
-      instr->stash_in_worklist (true);
-      worklist.push_back (instr);
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::remove_dead ()
-{
-  jit_block_list::iterator biter;
-  for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
-    {
-      jit_block *b = *biter;
-      if (b->alive ())
-        {
-          for (jit_block::iterator iter = b->begin ();
-               iter != b->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter);)
-            {
-              jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
-              if (phi->prune ())
-                iter = b->remove (iter);
-              else
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_branch& b)
+  {
+    b.stash_llvm (builder.CreateBr (b.successor_llvm ()));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_cond_branch& cb)
+  {
+    llvm::Value *cond = cb.cond_llvm ();
+    llvm::Value *br;
+    br = builder.CreateCondBr (cond, cb.successor_llvm (0),
+                               cb.successor_llvm (1));
+    cb.stash_llvm (br);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_call& call)
+  {
+    const jit_function& ol = call.overload ();
+
+    std::vector<jit_value *> args (call.arguments ().size ());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < args.size (); ++i)
+      args[i] = call.argument (i);
+
+    llvm::Value *ret = ol.call (builder, args);
+    call.stash_llvm (ret);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_extract_argument& extract)
+  {
+    llvm::Value *arg = arguments[extract.name ()];
+    assert (arg);
+
+    if (converting_function)
+      extract.stash_llvm (arg);
+    else
+      {
+        arg = builder.CreateLoad (arg);
+
+        const jit_function& ol = extract.overload ();
+        extract.stash_llvm (ol.call (builder, arg));
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_store_argument& store)
+  {
+    const jit_function& ol = store.overload ();
+    llvm::Value *arg_value = ol.call (builder, store.result ());
+    llvm::Value *arg = arguments[store.name ()];
+    store.stash_llvm (builder.CreateStore (arg_value, arg));
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_return& ret)
+  {
+    jit_value *res = ret.result ();
+
+    if (converting_function)
+      creating.do_return (builder, res->to_llvm (), false);
+    else
+      {
+        if (res)
+          builder.CreateRet (res->to_llvm ());
+        else
+          builder.CreateRetVoid ();
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_phi& phi)
+  {
+    // we might not have converted all incoming branches, so we don't
+    // set incomming branches now
+    llvm::PHINode *node = llvm::PHINode::Create (phi.type_llvm (),
+                                                 phi.argument_count ());
+    builder.Insert (node);
+    phi.stash_llvm (node);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_variable&)
+  {
+    throw jit_fail_exception ("ERROR: SSA construction should remove all variables");
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_error_check& check)
+  {
+    llvm::Value *cond;
+
+    switch (check.check_variable ())
+      {
+      case jit_error_check::var_error_state:
+        cond = jit_typeinfo::insert_error_check (builder);
+        break;
+      case jit_error_check::var_interrupt:
+        cond = jit_typeinfo::insert_interrupt_check (builder);
+        break;
+      default:
+        panic_impossible ();
+      }
+
+    llvm::Value *br = builder.CreateCondBr (cond, check.successor_llvm (0),
+                                            check.successor_llvm (1));
+    check.stash_llvm (br);
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_assign& assign)
+  {
+    jit_value *new_value = assign.src ();
+    assign.stash_llvm (new_value->to_llvm ());
+
+    if (assign.artificial ())
+      return;
+
+    jit_value *overwrite = assign.overwrite ();
+    if (isa<jit_assign_base> (overwrite))
+      {
+        const jit_function& ol = jit_typeinfo::get_release (overwrite->type ());
+        if (ol.valid ())
+          ol.call (builder, overwrite);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_argument&)
+  { }
+
+  void
+  jit_convert_llvm::visit (jit_magic_end& me)
+  {
+    const jit_function& ol = me.overload ();
+
+    jit_magic_end::context ctx = me.resolve_context ();
+    llvm::Value *ret = ol.call (builder, ctx.value, ctx.index, ctx.count);
+    me.stash_llvm (ret);
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_infer --------------------
+  jit_infer::jit_infer (jit_factory& afactory, jit_block_list& ablocks,
+                        const variable_map& avmap)
+    : blocks (ablocks), factory (afactory), vmap (avmap) { }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::infer (void)
+  {
+    construct_ssa ();
+
+    // initialize the worklist to instructions derived from constants
+    const std::list<jit_value *>& constants = factory.constants ();
+    for (std::list<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = constants.begin ();
+         iter != constants.end (); ++iter)
+      append_users (*iter);
+
+    // the entry block terminator may be a regular branch statement
+    if (entry_block ().terminator ())
+      push_worklist (entry_block ().terminator ());
+
+    // FIXME: Describe algorithm here
+    while (worklist.size ())
+      {
+        jit_instruction *next = worklist.front ();
+        worklist.pop_front ();
+        next->stash_in_worklist (false);
+
+        if (next->infer ())
+          {
+            // terminators need to be handles specially
+            if (jit_terminator *term = dynamic_cast<jit_terminator *> (next))
+              append_users_term (term);
+            else
+              append_users (next);
+          }
+      }
+
+    remove_dead ();
+    blocks.label ();
+    place_releases ();
+    simplify_phi ();
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::append_users (jit_value *v)
+  {
+    for (jit_use *use = v->first_use (); use; use = use->next ())
+      push_worklist (use->user ());
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::append_users_term (jit_terminator *term)
+  {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < term->successor_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        if (term->alive (i))
+          {
+            jit_block *succ = term->successor (i);
+            for (jit_block::iterator iter = succ->begin ();
+                 iter != succ->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter); ++iter)
+              push_worklist (*iter);
+
+            jit_terminator *sterm = succ->terminator ();
+            if (sterm)
+              push_worklist (sterm);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::construct_ssa (void)
+  {
+    blocks.label ();
+    final_block ().compute_idom (entry_block ());
+    entry_block ().compute_df ();
+    entry_block ().create_dom_tree ();
+
+    // insert phi nodes where needed, this is done on a per variable basis
+    for (variable_map::const_iterator iter = vmap.begin (); iter != vmap.end ();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_block::df_set visited, added_phi;
+        std::list<jit_block *> ssa_worklist;
+        iter->second->use_blocks (visited);
+        ssa_worklist.insert (ssa_worklist.begin (), visited.begin (),
+                             visited.end ());
+
+        while (ssa_worklist.size ())
+          {
+            jit_block *b = ssa_worklist.front ();
+            ssa_worklist.pop_front ();
+
+            for (jit_block::df_iterator diter = b->df_begin ();
+                 diter != b->df_end (); ++diter)
+              {
+                jit_block *dblock = *diter;
+                if (! added_phi.count (dblock))
+                  {
+                    jit_phi *phi = factory.create<jit_phi> (iter->second,
+                                                            dblock->use_count ());
+                    dblock->prepend (phi);
+                    added_phi.insert (dblock);
+                  }
+
+                if (! visited.count (dblock))
+                  {
+                    ssa_worklist.push_back (dblock);
+                    visited.insert (dblock);
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+    do_construct_ssa (entry_block (), entry_block ().visit_count ());
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::do_construct_ssa (jit_block& ablock, size_t avisit_count)
+  {
+    if (ablock.visited (avisit_count))
+      return;
+
+    // replace variables with their current SSA value
+    for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin (); iter != ablock.end ();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+        instr->construct_ssa ();
+        instr->push_variable ();
+      }
+
+    // finish phi nodes of successors
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ablock.successor_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        jit_block *finish = ablock.successor (i);
+
+        for (jit_block::iterator iter = finish->begin ();
+             iter != finish->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter);)
+          {
+            jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
+            jit_variable *var = phi->dest ();
+            ++iter;
+
+            if (var->has_top ())
+              phi->add_incomming (&ablock, var->top ());
+            else
+              {
+                // temporaries may have extranious phi nodes which can be removed
+                assert (! phi->use_count ());
+                assert (var->name ().size () && var->name ()[0] == '#');
+                phi->remove ();
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ablock.dom_successor_count (); ++i)
+      do_construct_ssa (*ablock.dom_successor (i), avisit_count);
+
+    ablock.pop_all ();
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::place_releases (void)
+  {
+    std::set<jit_value *> temporaries;
+    for (jit_block_list::iterator iter = blocks.begin (); iter != blocks.end ();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_block& ablock = **iter;
+        if (ablock.id () != jit_block::NO_ID)
+          {
+            release_temp (ablock, temporaries);
+            release_dead_phi (ablock);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::push_worklist (jit_instruction *instr)
+  {
+    if (! instr->in_worklist ())
+      {
+        instr->stash_in_worklist (true);
+        worklist.push_back (instr);
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::remove_dead ()
+  {
+    jit_block_list::iterator biter;
+    for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end (); ++biter)
+      {
+        jit_block *b = *biter;
+        if (b->alive ())
+          {
+            for (jit_block::iterator iter = b->begin ();
+                 iter != b->end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter);)
+              {
+                jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
+                if (phi->prune ())
+                  iter = b->remove (iter);
+                else
+                  ++iter;
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+    for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end ();)
+      {
+        jit_block *b = *biter;
+        if (b->alive ())
+          {
+            // FIXME: A special case for jit_error_check, if we generalize to
+            // we will need to change!
+            jit_terminator *term = b->terminator ();
+            if (term && term->successor_count () == 2 && ! term->alive (0))
+              {
+                jit_block *succ = term->successor (1);
+                term->remove ();
+                jit_branch *abreak = factory.create<jit_branch> (succ);
+                b->append (abreak);
+                abreak->infer ();
+              }
+
+            ++biter;
+          }
+        else
+          {
+            jit_terminator *term = b->terminator ();
+            if (term)
+              term->remove ();
+            biter = blocks.erase (biter);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::release_dead_phi (jit_block& ablock)
+  {
+    jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin ();
+    while (iter != ablock.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter))
+      {
+        jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
+        ++iter;
+
+        jit_use *use = phi->first_use ();
+        if (phi->use_count () == 1 && isa<jit_assign> (use->user ()))
+          {
+            // instead of releasing on assign, release on all incomming branches,
+            // this can get rid of casts inside loops
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < phi->argument_count (); ++i)
+              {
+                jit_value *arg = phi->argument (i);
+                if (! arg->needs_release ())
+                  continue;
+
+                jit_block *inc = phi->incomming (i);
+                jit_block *split = inc->maybe_split (factory, blocks, ablock);
+                jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
+                jit_call *release
+                  = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::release, arg);
+                release->infer ();
+                split->insert_before (term, release);
+              }
+
+            phi->replace_with (0);
+            phi->remove ();
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::release_temp (jit_block& ablock, std::set<jit_value *>& temp)
+  {
+    for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin (); iter != ablock.end ();
+         ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
+
+        // check for temporaries that require release and live across
+        // multiple blocks
+        if (instr->needs_release ())
+          {
+            jit_block *fu_block = instr->first_use_block ();
+            if (fu_block && fu_block != &ablock && instr->needs_release ())
+              temp.insert (instr);
+          }
+
+        if (isa<jit_call> (instr))
+          {
+            // place releases for temporary arguments
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < instr->argument_count (); ++i)
+              {
+                jit_value *arg = instr->argument (i);
+                if (! arg->needs_release ())
+                  continue;
+
+                jit_call *release
+                  = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::release, arg);
+                release->infer ();
+                ablock.insert_after (iter, release);
                 ++iter;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  for (biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end ();)
-    {
-      jit_block *b = *biter;
-      if (b->alive ())
-        {
-          // FIXME: A special case for jit_error_check, if we generalize to
-          // we will need to change!
-          jit_terminator *term = b->terminator ();
-          if (term && term->successor_count () == 2 && ! term->alive (0))
-            {
-              jit_block *succ = term->successor (1);
-              term->remove ();
-              jit_branch *abreak = factory.create<jit_branch> (succ);
-              b->append (abreak);
-              abreak->infer ();
-            }
-
-          ++biter;
-        }
-      else
-        {
-          jit_terminator *term = b->terminator ();
-          if (term)
-            term->remove ();
-          biter = blocks.erase (biter);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::release_dead_phi (jit_block& ablock)
-{
-  jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin ();
-  while (iter != ablock.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter))
-    {
-      jit_phi *phi = static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter);
-      ++iter;
-
-      jit_use *use = phi->first_use ();
-      if (phi->use_count () == 1 && isa<jit_assign> (use->user ()))
-        {
-          // instead of releasing on assign, release on all incomming branches,
-          // this can get rid of casts inside loops
-          for (size_t i = 0; i < phi->argument_count (); ++i)
-            {
-              jit_value *arg = phi->argument (i);
-              if (! arg->needs_release ())
-                continue;
-
-              jit_block *inc = phi->incomming (i);
-              jit_block *split = inc->maybe_split (factory, blocks, ablock);
-              jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
-              jit_call *release
-                = factory.create<jit_call> (jit_typeinfo::release, arg);
-              release->infer ();
-              split->insert_before (term, release);
-            }
-
-          phi->replace_with (0);
-          phi->remove ();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::release_temp (jit_block& ablock, std::set<jit_value *>& temp)
-{
-  for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin (); iter != ablock.end ();
-       ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_instruction *instr = *iter;
-
-      // check for temporaries that require release and live across
-      // multiple blocks
-      if (instr->needs_release ())
-        {
-          jit_block *fu_block = instr->first_use_block ();
-          if (fu_block && fu_block != &ablock && instr->needs_release ())
-            temp.insert (instr);
-        }
-
-      if (isa<jit_call> (instr))
-        {
-          // place releases for temporary arguments
-          for (size_t i = 0; i < instr->argument_count (); ++i)
-            {
-              jit_value *arg = instr->argument (i);
-              if (! arg->needs_release ())
-                continue;
-
-              jit_call *release
-                = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::release, arg);
-              release->infer ();
-              ablock.insert_after (iter, release);
-              ++iter;
-              temp.erase (arg);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  if (! temp.size () || ! isa<jit_error_check> (ablock.terminator ()))
-    return;
-
-  // FIXME: If we support try/catch or unwind_protect final_block
-  //        may not be the destination
-  jit_block *split = ablock.maybe_split (factory, blocks, final_block ());
-  jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
-  for (std::set<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = temp.begin ();
-       iter != temp.end (); ++iter)
-    {
-      jit_value *value = *iter;
-      jit_call *release
-        = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::release, value);
-      split->insert_before (term, release);
-      release->infer ();
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::simplify_phi (void)
-{
-  for (jit_block_list::iterator biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end ();
-       ++biter)
-    {
-      jit_block &ablock = **biter;
-      for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin ();
-           iter != ablock.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter); ++iter)
-        simplify_phi (*static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter));
-    }
-}
-
-void
-jit_infer::simplify_phi (jit_phi& phi)
-{
-  jit_block& pblock = *phi.parent ();
-  const jit_operation& cast_fn = jit_typeinfo::cast (phi.type ());
-  jit_variable *dest = phi.dest ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < phi.argument_count (); ++i)
-    {
-      jit_value *arg = phi.argument (i);
-      if (arg->type () != phi.type ())
-        {
-          jit_block *pred = phi.incomming (i);
-          jit_block *split = pred->maybe_split (factory, blocks, pblock);
-          jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
-          jit_instruction *cast = factory.create<jit_call> (cast_fn, arg);
-          jit_assign *assign = factory.create<jit_assign> (dest, cast);
-
-          split->insert_before (term, cast);
-          split->insert_before (term, assign);
-          cast->infer ();
-          assign->infer ();
-          phi.stash_argument (i, assign);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// -------------------- tree_jit --------------------
-
-tree_jit::tree_jit (void) : module (0), engine (0)
-{ }
-
-tree_jit::~tree_jit (void)
-{ }
-
-bool
-tree_jit::execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds)
-{
-  return instance ().do_execute (cmd, bounds);
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::execute (tree_while_command& cmd)
-{
-  return instance ().do_execute (cmd);
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
-                   octave_value_list& retval)
-{
-  return instance ().do_execute (fcn, args, retval);
-}
-
-tree_jit&
-tree_jit::instance (void)
-{
-  static tree_jit ret;
-  return ret;
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::initialize (void)
-{
-  if (engine)
-    return true;
-
-  if (! module)
-    {
-      llvm::InitializeNativeTarget ();
-      module = new llvm::Module ("octave", context);
-    }
-
-  // sometimes this fails pre main
-  engine = llvm::ExecutionEngine::createJIT (module);
-
-  if (! engine)
-    return false;
+                temp.erase (arg);
+              }
+          }
+      }
+
+    if (! temp.size () || ! isa<jit_error_check> (ablock.terminator ()))
+      return;
+
+    // FIXME: If we support try/catch or unwind_protect final_block
+    //        may not be the destination
+    jit_block *split = ablock.maybe_split (factory, blocks, final_block ());
+    jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
+    for (std::set<jit_value *>::const_iterator iter = temp.begin ();
+         iter != temp.end (); ++iter)
+      {
+        jit_value *value = *iter;
+        jit_call *release
+          = factory.create<jit_call> (&jit_typeinfo::release, value);
+        split->insert_before (term, release);
+        release->infer ();
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::simplify_phi (void)
+  {
+    for (jit_block_list::iterator biter = blocks.begin (); biter != blocks.end ();
+         ++biter)
+      {
+        jit_block &ablock = **biter;
+        for (jit_block::iterator iter = ablock.begin ();
+             iter != ablock.end () && isa<jit_phi> (*iter); ++iter)
+          simplify_phi (*static_cast<jit_phi *> (*iter));
+      }
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_infer::simplify_phi (jit_phi& phi)
+  {
+    jit_block& pblock = *phi.parent ();
+    const jit_operation& cast_fn = jit_typeinfo::cast (phi.type ());
+    jit_variable *dest = phi.dest ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < phi.argument_count (); ++i)
+      {
+        jit_value *arg = phi.argument (i);
+        if (arg->type () != phi.type ())
+          {
+            jit_block *pred = phi.incomming (i);
+            jit_block *split = pred->maybe_split (factory, blocks, pblock);
+            jit_terminator *term = split->terminator ();
+            jit_instruction *cast = factory.create<jit_call> (cast_fn, arg);
+            jit_assign *assign = factory.create<jit_assign> (dest, cast);
+
+            split->insert_before (term, cast);
+            split->insert_before (term, assign);
+            cast->infer ();
+            assign->infer ();
+            phi.stash_argument (i, assign);
+          }
+      }
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- tree_jit --------------------
+
+  tree_jit::tree_jit (void) : module (0), engine (0)
+  { }
+
+  tree_jit::~tree_jit (void)
+  { }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds)
+  {
+    return instance ().do_execute (cmd, bounds);
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::execute (tree_while_command& cmd)
+  {
+    return instance ().do_execute (cmd);
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
+                     octave_value_list& retval)
+  {
+    return instance ().do_execute (fcn, args, retval);
+  }
+
+  tree_jit&
+  tree_jit::instance (void)
+  {
+    static tree_jit ret;
+    return ret;
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::initialize (void)
+  {
+    if (engine)
+      return true;
+
+    if (! module)
+      {
+        llvm::InitializeNativeTarget ();
+        module = new llvm::Module ("octave", context);
+      }
+
+    // sometimes this fails pre main
+    engine = llvm::ExecutionEngine::createJIT (module);
+
+    if (! engine)
+      return false;
 
 #if defined (LEGACY_PASSMANAGER)
-  module_pass_manager = new llvm::legacy::PassManager ();
-  pass_manager = new llvm::legacy::FunctionPassManager (module);
+    module_pass_manager = new llvm::legacy::PassManager ();
+    pass_manager = new llvm::legacy::FunctionPassManager (module);
 #else
-  module_pass_manager = new llvm::PassManager ();
-  pass_manager = new llvm::FunctionPassManager (module);
+    module_pass_manager = new llvm::PassManager ();
+    pass_manager = new llvm::FunctionPassManager (module);
 #endif
-  module_pass_manager->add (llvm::createAlwaysInlinerPass ());
+    module_pass_manager->add (llvm::createAlwaysInlinerPass ());
 
 #if defined (HAVE_LLVM_DATALAYOUT)
-  pass_manager->add (new llvm::DataLayout (*engine->getDataLayout ()));
+    pass_manager->add (new llvm::DataLayout (*engine->getDataLayout ()));
 #else
-  pass_manager->add (new llvm::TargetData (*engine->getTargetData ()));
+    pass_manager->add (new llvm::TargetData (*engine->getTargetData ()));
 #endif
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createBasicAliasAnalysisPass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createInstructionCombiningPass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createReassociatePass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createGVNPass ());
-  pass_manager->add (llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass ());
-  pass_manager->doInitialization ();
-
-  jit_typeinfo::initialize (module, engine);
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::do_execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds)
-{
-  size_t tc = trip_count (bounds);
-  if (! tc || ! initialize () || ! enabled ())
-    return false;
-
-  jit_info::vmap extra_vars;
-  extra_vars["#for_bounds0"] = &bounds;
-
-  jit_info *info = cmd.get_info ();
-  if (! info || ! info->match (extra_vars))
-    {
-      if (tc < static_cast<size_t> (Vjit_startcnt))
-        return false;
-
-      delete info;
-      info = new jit_info (*this, cmd, bounds);
-      cmd.stash_info (info);
-    }
-
-  return info->execute (extra_vars);
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::do_execute (tree_while_command& cmd)
-{
-  if (! initialize () || ! enabled ())
-    return false;
-
-  jit_info *info = cmd.get_info ();
-  if (! info || ! info->match ())
-    {
-      delete info;
-      info = new jit_info (*this, cmd);
-      cmd.stash_info (info);
-    }
-
-  return info->execute ();
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::do_execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
-                      octave_value_list& retval)
-{
-  if (! initialize () || ! enabled ())
-    return false;
-
-  jit_function_info *info = fcn.get_info ();
-  if (! info || ! info->match (args))
-    {
-      delete info;
-      info = new jit_function_info (*this, fcn, args);
-      fcn.stash_info (info);
-    }
-
-  return info->execute (args, retval);
-}
-
-bool
-tree_jit::enabled (void)
-{
-  // Ideally, we should only disable JIT if there is a breakpoint in the code
-  // we are about to run. However, we can't figure this out in O(1) time, so
-  // we conservatively check for the existence of any breakpoints.
-  return (Vjit_enable && ! bp_table::have_breakpoints ()
-          && ! octave::Vdebug_on_interrupt && ! Vdebug_on_error);
-}
-
-size_t
-tree_jit::trip_count (const octave_value& bounds) const
-{
-  if (bounds.is_range ())
-    {
-      Range rng = bounds.range_value ();
-      return rng.numel ();
-    }
-
-  // unsupported type
-  return 0;
-}
-
-void
-tree_jit::optimize (llvm::Function *fn)
-{
-  if (Vdebug_jit)
-    llvm::verifyModule (*module);
-
-  module_pass_manager->run (*module);
-  pass_manager->run (*fn);
-
-  if (Vdebug_jit)
-    {
-      std::string error;
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createBasicAliasAnalysisPass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createPromoteMemoryToRegisterPass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createInstructionCombiningPass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createReassociatePass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createGVNPass ());
+    pass_manager->add (llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass ());
+    pass_manager->doInitialization ();
+
+    jit_typeinfo::initialize (module, engine);
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::do_execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds)
+  {
+    size_t tc = trip_count (bounds);
+    if (! tc || ! initialize () || ! enabled ())
+      return false;
+
+    jit_info::vmap extra_vars;
+    extra_vars["#for_bounds0"] = &bounds;
+
+    jit_info *info = cmd.get_info ();
+    if (! info || ! info->match (extra_vars))
+      {
+        if (tc < static_cast<size_t> (Vjit_startcnt))
+          return false;
+
+        delete info;
+        info = new jit_info (*this, cmd, bounds);
+        cmd.stash_info (info);
+      }
+
+    return info->execute (extra_vars);
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::do_execute (tree_while_command& cmd)
+  {
+    if (! initialize () || ! enabled ())
+      return false;
+
+    jit_info *info = cmd.get_info ();
+    if (! info || ! info->match ())
+      {
+        delete info;
+        info = new jit_info (*this, cmd);
+        cmd.stash_info (info);
+      }
+
+    return info->execute ();
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::do_execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
+                        octave_value_list& retval)
+  {
+    if (! initialize () || ! enabled ())
+      return false;
+
+    jit_function_info *info = fcn.get_info ();
+    if (! info || ! info->match (args))
+      {
+        delete info;
+        info = new jit_function_info (*this, fcn, args);
+        fcn.stash_info (info);
+      }
+
+    return info->execute (args, retval);
+  }
+
+  bool
+  tree_jit::enabled (void)
+  {
+    // Ideally, we should only disable JIT if there is a breakpoint in the code
+    // we are about to run. However, we can't figure this out in O(1) time, so
+    // we conservatively check for the existence of any breakpoints.
+    return (Vjit_enable && ! bp_table::have_breakpoints ()
+            && ! Vdebug_on_interrupt && ! Vdebug_on_error);
+  }
+
+  size_t
+  tree_jit::trip_count (const octave_value& bounds) const
+  {
+    if (bounds.is_range ())
+      {
+        Range rng = bounds.range_value ();
+        return rng.numel ();
+      }
+
+    // unsupported type
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  void
+  tree_jit::optimize (llvm::Function *fn)
+  {
+    if (Vdebug_jit)
+      llvm::verifyModule (*module);
+
+    module_pass_manager->run (*module);
+    pass_manager->run (*fn);
+
+    if (Vdebug_jit)
+      {
+        std::string error;
 #if defined (RAW_FD_OSTREAM_ARG_IS_LLVM_SYS_FS)
-      llvm::raw_fd_ostream fout ("test.bc", error,
-                                 llvm::sys::fs::F_Binary);
+        llvm::raw_fd_ostream fout ("test.bc", error,
+                                   llvm::sys::fs::F_Binary);
 #else
-      llvm::raw_fd_ostream fout ("test.bc", error,
-                                 llvm::raw_fd_ostream::F_Binary);
+        llvm::raw_fd_ostream fout ("test.bc", error,
+                                   llvm::raw_fd_ostream::F_Binary);
 #endif
-      llvm::WriteBitcodeToFile (module, fout);
-    }
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_function_info --------------------
-jit_function_info::jit_function_info (tree_jit& tjit,
-                                      octave_user_function& fcn,
-                                      const octave_value_list& ov_args)
-  : argument_types (ov_args.length ()), function (0)
-{
-  size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-    argument_types[i] = jit_typeinfo::type_of (ov_args(i));
-
-  jit_function raw_fn;
-  jit_function wrapper;
-
-  try
-    {
-      jit_convert conv (fcn, argument_types);
-      jit_infer infer (conv.get_factory (), conv.get_blocks (),
-                       conv.get_variable_map ());
-      infer.infer ();
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          jit_block_list& blocks = infer.get_blocks ();
-          blocks.label ();
-          std::cout << "-------------------- Compiling function ";
-          std::cout << "--------------------\n";
-
-          tree_print_code tpc (std::cout);
-          tpc.visit_octave_user_function_header (fcn);
-          tpc.visit_statement_list (*fcn.body ());
-          tpc.visit_octave_user_function_trailer (fcn);
-          blocks.print (std::cout, "octave jit ir");
-        }
-
-      jit_factory& factory = conv.get_factory ();
-      llvm::Module *module = tjit.get_module ();
-      jit_convert_llvm to_llvm;
-      raw_fn = to_llvm.convert_function (module, infer.get_blocks (),
-                                         factory.constants (), fcn,
-                                         argument_types);
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          std::cout << "-------------------- raw function ";
-          std::cout << "--------------------\n";
-          std::cout << *raw_fn.to_llvm () << std::endl;
-          llvm::verifyFunction (*raw_fn.to_llvm ());
-        }
-
-      std::string wrapper_name = fcn.name () + "_wrapper";
-      jit_type *any_t = jit_typeinfo::get_any ();
-      std::vector<jit_type *> wrapper_args (1, jit_typeinfo::get_any_ptr ());
-      wrapper = jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal, wrapper_name,
-                              any_t, wrapper_args);
-
-      llvm::BasicBlock *wrapper_body = wrapper.new_block ();
-      builder.SetInsertPoint (wrapper_body);
-
-      llvm::Value *wrapper_arg = wrapper.argument (builder, 0);
-      std::vector<llvm::Value *> raw_args (nargs);
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-        {
-          llvm::Value *arg;
-          arg = builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP1_32 (wrapper_arg, i);
-          arg = builder.CreateLoad (arg);
-
-          jit_type *arg_type = argument_types[i];
-          const jit_function& cast = jit_typeinfo::cast (arg_type, any_t);
-          raw_args[i] = cast.call (builder, arg);
-        }
-
-      llvm::Value *result = raw_fn.call (builder, raw_args);
-      if (raw_fn.result ())
-        {
-          jit_type *raw_result_t = raw_fn.result ();
-          const jit_function& cast = jit_typeinfo::cast (any_t, raw_result_t);
-          result = cast.call (builder, result);
-        }
-      else
-        {
-          llvm::Value *zero = builder.getInt32 (0);
-          result = builder.CreateBitCast (zero, any_t->to_llvm ());
-        }
-
-      wrapper.do_return (builder, result);
-
-      llvm::Function *llvm_function = wrapper.to_llvm ();
-      tjit.optimize (llvm_function);
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          std::cout << "-------------------- optimized and wrapped ";
-          std::cout << "--------------------\n";
-          std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
-          llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
-        }
-
-      llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine = tjit.get_engine ();
-      void *void_fn = engine->getPointerToFunction (llvm_function);
-      function = reinterpret_cast<jited_function> (void_fn);
-    }
-  catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
-    {
-      argument_types.clear ();
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          if (e.known ())
-            std::cout << "jit fail: " << e.what () << std::endl;
-        }
-
-      Vjit_failcnt++;
-
-      wrapper.erase ();
-      raw_fn.erase ();
-    }
-}
-
-bool
-jit_function_info::execute (const octave_value_list& ov_args,
-                            octave_value_list& retval) const
-{
-  if (! function)
-    return false;
-
-  // FIXME: figure out a way to delete ov_args so we avoid duplicating refcount
-  size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
-  std::vector<octave_base_value *> args (nargs);
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-    {
-      octave_base_value *obv = ov_args(i).internal_rep ();
-      obv->grab ();
-      args[i] = obv;
-    }
-
-  octave_base_value *ret = function (&args[0]);
-  if (ret)
-    retval(0) = octave_value (ret);
-
-  octave_quit ();
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool
-jit_function_info::match (const octave_value_list& ov_args) const
-{
-  if (! function)
+        llvm::WriteBitcodeToFile (module, fout);
+      }
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_function_info --------------------
+  jit_function_info::jit_function_info (tree_jit& tjit,
+                                        octave_user_function& fcn,
+                                        const octave_value_list& ov_args)
+    : argument_types (ov_args.length ()), function (0)
+  {
+    size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+      argument_types[i] = jit_typeinfo::type_of (ov_args(i));
+
+    jit_function raw_fn;
+    jit_function wrapper;
+
+    try
+      {
+        jit_convert conv (fcn, argument_types);
+        jit_infer infer (conv.get_factory (), conv.get_blocks (),
+                         conv.get_variable_map ());
+        infer.infer ();
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            jit_block_list& blocks = infer.get_blocks ();
+            blocks.label ();
+            std::cout << "-------------------- Compiling function ";
+            std::cout << "--------------------\n";
+
+            tree_print_code tpc (std::cout);
+            tpc.visit_octave_user_function_header (fcn);
+            tpc.visit_statement_list (*fcn.body ());
+            tpc.visit_octave_user_function_trailer (fcn);
+            blocks.print (std::cout, "octave jit ir");
+          }
+
+        jit_factory& factory = conv.get_factory ();
+        llvm::Module *module = tjit.get_module ();
+        jit_convert_llvm to_llvm;
+        raw_fn = to_llvm.convert_function (module, infer.get_blocks (),
+                                           factory.constants (), fcn,
+                                           argument_types);
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            std::cout << "-------------------- raw function ";
+            std::cout << "--------------------\n";
+            std::cout << *raw_fn.to_llvm () << std::endl;
+            llvm::verifyFunction (*raw_fn.to_llvm ());
+          }
+
+        std::string wrapper_name = fcn.name () + "_wrapper";
+        jit_type *any_t = jit_typeinfo::get_any ();
+        std::vector<jit_type *> wrapper_args (1, jit_typeinfo::get_any_ptr ());
+        wrapper = jit_function (module, jit_convention::internal, wrapper_name,
+                                any_t, wrapper_args);
+
+        llvm::BasicBlock *wrapper_body = wrapper.new_block ();
+        builder.SetInsertPoint (wrapper_body);
+
+        llvm::Value *wrapper_arg = wrapper.argument (builder, 0);
+        std::vector<llvm::Value *> raw_args (nargs);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+          {
+            llvm::Value *arg;
+            arg = builder.CreateConstInBoundsGEP1_32 (wrapper_arg, i);
+            arg = builder.CreateLoad (arg);
+
+            jit_type *arg_type = argument_types[i];
+            const jit_function& cast = jit_typeinfo::cast (arg_type, any_t);
+            raw_args[i] = cast.call (builder, arg);
+          }
+
+        llvm::Value *result = raw_fn.call (builder, raw_args);
+        if (raw_fn.result ())
+          {
+            jit_type *raw_result_t = raw_fn.result ();
+            const jit_function& cast = jit_typeinfo::cast (any_t, raw_result_t);
+            result = cast.call (builder, result);
+          }
+        else
+          {
+            llvm::Value *zero = builder.getInt32 (0);
+            result = builder.CreateBitCast (zero, any_t->to_llvm ());
+          }
+
+        wrapper.do_return (builder, result);
+
+        llvm::Function *llvm_function = wrapper.to_llvm ();
+        tjit.optimize (llvm_function);
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            std::cout << "-------------------- optimized and wrapped ";
+            std::cout << "--------------------\n";
+            std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
+            llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
+          }
+
+        llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine = tjit.get_engine ();
+        void *void_fn = engine->getPointerToFunction (llvm_function);
+        function = reinterpret_cast<jited_function> (void_fn);
+      }
+    catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
+      {
+        argument_types.clear ();
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            if (e.known ())
+              std::cout << "jit fail: " << e.what () << std::endl;
+          }
+
+        Vjit_failcnt++;
+
+        wrapper.erase ();
+        raw_fn.erase ();
+      }
+  }
+
+  bool
+  jit_function_info::execute (const octave_value_list& ov_args,
+                              octave_value_list& retval) const
+  {
+    if (! function)
+      return false;
+
+    // FIXME: figure out a way to delete ov_args so we avoid duplicating refcount
+    size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
+    std::vector<octave_base_value *> args (nargs);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+      {
+        octave_base_value *obv = ov_args(i).internal_rep ();
+        obv->grab ();
+        args[i] = obv;
+      }
+
+    octave_base_value *ret = function (&args[0]);
+    if (ret)
+      retval(0) = octave_value (ret);
+
+    octave_quit ();
+
     return true;
-
-  size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
-  if (nargs != argument_types.size ())
-    return false;
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
-    if (jit_typeinfo::type_of (ov_args(i)) != argument_types[i])
+  }
+
+  bool
+  jit_function_info::match (const octave_value_list& ov_args) const
+  {
+    if (! function)
+      return true;
+
+    size_t nargs = ov_args.length ();
+    if (nargs != argument_types.size ())
       return false;
 
-  return true;
-}
-
-// -------------------- jit_info --------------------
-jit_info::jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee)
-  : engine (tjit.get_engine ()), function (0), llvm_function (0)
-{
-  compile (tjit, tee);
-}
-
-jit_info::jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, const octave_value& for_bounds)
-  : engine (tjit.get_engine ()), function (0), llvm_function (0)
-{
-  compile (tjit, tee, jit_typeinfo::type_of (for_bounds));
-}
-
-jit_info::~jit_info (void)
-{
-  if (llvm_function)
-    llvm_function->eraseFromParent ();
-}
-
-bool
-jit_info::execute (const vmap& extra_vars) const
-{
-  if (! function)
-    return false;
-
-  std::vector<octave_base_value *> real_arguments (arguments.size ());
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.size (); ++i)
-    {
-      if (arguments[i].second)
-        {
-          octave_value current = find (extra_vars, arguments[i].first);
-          octave_base_value *obv = current.internal_rep ();
-          obv->grab ();
-          real_arguments[i] = obv;
-        }
-    }
-
-  function (&real_arguments[0]);
-
-  octave::symbol_table& symtab = octave::__get_symbol_table__ ("jit_info::execute");
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.size (); ++i)
-    {
-      const std::string& name = arguments[i].first;
-
-      // do not store for loop bounds temporary
-      if (name.size () && name[0] != '#')
-        symtab.assign (arguments[i].first, real_arguments[i]);
-    }
-
-  octave_quit ();
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-bool
-jit_info::match (const vmap& extra_vars) const
-{
-  if (! function)
-    return true;
-
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < bounds.size (); ++i)
-    {
-      const std::string& arg_name = bounds[i].second;
-      octave_value value = find (extra_vars, arg_name);
-      jit_type *type = jit_typeinfo::type_of (value);
-
-      // FIXME: Check for a parent relationship
-      if (type != bounds[i].first)
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < nargs; ++i)
+      if (jit_typeinfo::type_of (ov_args(i)) != argument_types[i])
         return false;
-    }
-
-  return true;
-}
-
-void
-jit_info::compile (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds)
-{
-  try
-    {
-      jit_convert conv (tee, for_bounds);
-      jit_infer infer (conv.get_factory (), conv.get_blocks (),
-                       conv.get_variable_map ());
-
-      infer.infer ();
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          jit_block_list& blocks = infer.get_blocks ();
-          blocks.label ();
-          std::cout << "-------------------- Compiling tree --------------------\n";
-          std::cout << tee.str_print_code () << std::endl;
-          blocks.print (std::cout, "octave jit ir");
-        }
-
-      jit_factory& factory = conv.get_factory ();
-      jit_convert_llvm to_llvm;
-      llvm_function = to_llvm.convert_loop (tjit.get_module (),
-                                            infer.get_blocks (),
-                                            factory.constants ());
-      arguments = to_llvm.get_arguments ();
-      bounds = conv.get_bounds ();
-    }
-  catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
-    {
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          if (e.known ())
-            std::cout << "jit fail: " << e.what () << std::endl;
-        }
-
-      Vjit_failcnt++;
-
-    }
-
-  if (llvm_function)
-    {
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          std::cout << "-------------------- llvm ir --------------------";
-          std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
-          llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
-        }
-
-      tjit.optimize (llvm_function);
-
-      if (Vdebug_jit)
-        {
-          std::cout << "-------------------- optimized llvm ir "
-                    << "--------------------\n";
-          std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
-        }
-
-      void *void_fn = engine->getPointerToFunction (llvm_function);
-      function = reinterpret_cast<jited_function> (void_fn);
-    }
-}
-
-octave_value
-jit_info::find (const vmap& extra_vars, const std::string& vname) const
-{
-  vmap::const_iterator iter = extra_vars.find (vname);
-
-  if (iter == extra_vars.end ())
-    {
-      octave::symbol_table::scope *scope = octave::__require_current_scope__ ("jit_convert::find");
-
-      return scope->varval (vname);
-    }
-  else
-    return *iter->second;
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  // -------------------- jit_info --------------------
+  jit_info::jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee)
+    : engine (tjit.get_engine ()), function (0), llvm_function (0)
+  {
+    compile (tjit, tee);
+  }
+
+  jit_info::jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, const octave_value& for_bounds)
+    : engine (tjit.get_engine ()), function (0), llvm_function (0)
+  {
+    compile (tjit, tee, jit_typeinfo::type_of (for_bounds));
+  }
+
+  jit_info::~jit_info (void)
+  {
+    if (llvm_function)
+      llvm_function->eraseFromParent ();
+  }
+
+  bool
+  jit_info::execute (const vmap& extra_vars) const
+  {
+    if (! function)
+      return false;
+
+    std::vector<octave_base_value *> real_arguments (arguments.size ());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        if (arguments[i].second)
+          {
+            octave_value current = find (extra_vars, arguments[i].first);
+            octave_base_value *obv = current.internal_rep ();
+            obv->grab ();
+            real_arguments[i] = obv;
+          }
+      }
+
+    function (&real_arguments[0]);
+
+    symbol_table& symtab = __get_symbol_table__ ("jit_info::execute");
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < arguments.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        const std::string& name = arguments[i].first;
+
+        // do not store for loop bounds temporary
+        if (name.size () && name[0] != '#')
+          symtab.assign (arguments[i].first, real_arguments[i]);
+      }
+
+    octave_quit ();
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  bool
+  jit_info::match (const vmap& extra_vars) const
+  {
+    if (! function)
+      return true;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < bounds.size (); ++i)
+      {
+        const std::string& arg_name = bounds[i].second;
+        octave_value value = find (extra_vars, arg_name);
+        jit_type *type = jit_typeinfo::type_of (value);
+
+        // FIXME: Check for a parent relationship
+        if (type != bounds[i].first)
+          return false;
+      }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  void
+  jit_info::compile (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds)
+  {
+    try
+      {
+        jit_convert conv (tee, for_bounds);
+        jit_infer infer (conv.get_factory (), conv.get_blocks (),
+                         conv.get_variable_map ());
+
+        infer.infer ();
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            jit_block_list& blocks = infer.get_blocks ();
+            blocks.label ();
+            std::cout << "-------------------- Compiling tree --------------------\n";
+            std::cout << tee.str_print_code () << std::endl;
+            blocks.print (std::cout, "octave jit ir");
+          }
+
+        jit_factory& factory = conv.get_factory ();
+        jit_convert_llvm to_llvm;
+        llvm_function = to_llvm.convert_loop (tjit.get_module (),
+                                              infer.get_blocks (),
+                                              factory.constants ());
+        arguments = to_llvm.get_arguments ();
+        bounds = conv.get_bounds ();
+      }
+    catch (const jit_fail_exception& e)
+      {
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            if (e.known ())
+              std::cout << "jit fail: " << e.what () << std::endl;
+          }
+
+        Vjit_failcnt++;
+
+      }
+
+    if (llvm_function)
+      {
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            std::cout << "-------------------- llvm ir --------------------";
+            std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
+            llvm::verifyFunction (*llvm_function);
+          }
+
+        tjit.optimize (llvm_function);
+
+        if (Vdebug_jit)
+          {
+            std::cout << "-------------------- optimized llvm ir "
+                      << "--------------------\n";
+            std::cout << *llvm_function << std::endl;
+          }
+
+        void *void_fn = engine->getPointerToFunction (llvm_function);
+        function = reinterpret_cast<jited_function> (void_fn);
+      }
+  }
+
+  octave_value
+  jit_info::find (const vmap& extra_vars, const std::string& vname) const
+  {
+    vmap::const_iterator iter = extra_vars.find (vname);
+
+    if (iter == extra_vars.end ())
+      {
+        symbol_table::scope *scope = __require_current_scope__ ("jit_convert::find");
+
+        return scope->varval (vname);
+      }
+    else
+      return *iter->second;
+  }
+
 }
 
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-jit.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -33,411 +33,416 @@
 #include "pt-walk.h"
 #include "symtab.h"
 
+// octave_value_list is not (yet) in the octave namespace
 class octave_value_list;
 
-// Convert from the parse tree (AST) to the low level Octave IR.
-class
-jit_convert : public tree_walker
+namespace octave
 {
-public:
-  typedef std::pair<jit_type *, std::string> type_bound;
-  typedef std::vector<type_bound> type_bound_vector;
-  typedef std::map<std::string, jit_variable *> variable_map;
+  // Convert from the parse tree (AST) to the low level Octave IR.
+  class
+  jit_convert : public tree_walker
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef std::pair<jit_type *, std::string> type_bound;
+    typedef std::vector<type_bound> type_bound_vector;
+    typedef std::map<std::string, jit_variable *> variable_map;
 
-  jit_convert (tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds = nullptr);
-
-  jit_convert (octave_user_function& fcn, const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
+    jit_convert (tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds = nullptr);
 
-  template <typename ...Args>
-  jit_call * create_checked (const Args&... args)
-  {
-    jit_call *ret = factory.create<jit_call> (args...);
-    return create_checked_impl (ret);
-  }
+    jit_convert (octave_user_function& fcn, const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
 
-  jit_block_list& get_blocks (void) { return blocks; }
+    template <typename ...Args>
+    jit_call * create_checked (const Args&... args)
+    {
+      jit_call *ret = factory.create<jit_call> (args...);
+      return create_checked_impl (ret);
+    }
 
-  const type_bound_vector& get_bounds (void) const { return bounds; }
+    jit_block_list& get_blocks (void) { return blocks; }
 
-  jit_factory& get_factory (void) { return factory; }
+    const type_bound_vector& get_bounds (void) const { return bounds; }
 
-  llvm::Function *get_function (void) const { return function; }
+    jit_factory& get_factory (void) { return factory; }
 
-  const variable_map& get_variable_map (void) const { return vmap; }
+    llvm::Function *get_function (void) const { return function; }
 
-  void visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&);
+    const variable_map& get_variable_map (void) const { return vmap; }
 
-  void visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&);
+    void visit_anon_fcn_handle (tree_anon_fcn_handle&);
 
-  void visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression&);
+    void visit_argument_list (tree_argument_list&);
 
-  void visit_boolean_expression (tree_boolean_expression&);
+    void visit_binary_expression (tree_binary_expression&);
 
-  void visit_break_command (tree_break_command&);
+    void visit_boolean_expression (tree_boolean_expression&);
 
-  void visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&);
+    void visit_break_command (tree_break_command&);
 
-  void visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&);
+    void visit_colon_expression (tree_colon_expression&);
 
-  void visit_decl_command (tree_decl_command&);
+    void visit_continue_command (tree_continue_command&);
 
-  void visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&);
+    void visit_decl_command (tree_decl_command&);
 
-  void visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&);
+    void visit_decl_init_list (tree_decl_init_list&);
 
-  void visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command&);
+    void visit_decl_elt (tree_decl_elt&);
 
-  void visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&);
+    void visit_simple_for_command (tree_simple_for_command&);
 
-  void visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&);
+    void visit_complex_for_command (tree_complex_for_command&);
 
-  void visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&);
+    void visit_octave_user_script (octave_user_script&);
 
-  void visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&);
+    void visit_octave_user_function (octave_user_function&);
 
-  void visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&);
+    void visit_octave_user_function_header (octave_user_function&);
+
+    void visit_octave_user_function_trailer (octave_user_function&);
 
-  void visit_function_def (tree_function_def&);
+    void visit_function_def (tree_function_def&);
 
-  void visit_identifier (tree_identifier&);
+    void visit_identifier (tree_identifier&);
 
-  void visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&);
+    void visit_if_clause (tree_if_clause&);
 
-  void visit_if_command (tree_if_command&);
+    void visit_if_command (tree_if_command&);
 
-  void visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list&);
+    void visit_if_command_list (tree_if_command_list&);
 
-  void visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&);
+    void visit_index_expression (tree_index_expression&);
 
-  void visit_matrix (tree_matrix&);
+    void visit_matrix (tree_matrix&);
 
-  void visit_cell (tree_cell&);
+    void visit_cell (tree_cell&);
 
-  void visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&);
+    void visit_multi_assignment (tree_multi_assignment&);
 
-  void visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&);
+    void visit_no_op_command (tree_no_op_command&);
 
-  void visit_constant (tree_constant&);
+    void visit_constant (tree_constant&);
 
-  void visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&);
+    void visit_fcn_handle (tree_fcn_handle&);
 
-  void visit_funcall (tree_funcall&);
+    void visit_funcall (tree_funcall&);
 
-  void visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&);
+    void visit_parameter_list (tree_parameter_list&);
 
-  void visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&);
+    void visit_postfix_expression (tree_postfix_expression&);
 
-  void visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&);
+    void visit_prefix_expression (tree_prefix_expression&);
 
-  void visit_return_command (tree_return_command&);
+    void visit_return_command (tree_return_command&);
 
-  void visit_return_list (tree_return_list&);
+    void visit_return_list (tree_return_list&);
 
-  void visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment&);
+    void visit_simple_assignment (tree_simple_assignment&);
 
-  void visit_statement (tree_statement&);
+    void visit_statement (tree_statement&);
 
-  void visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list&);
+    void visit_statement_list (tree_statement_list&);
 
-  void visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&);
+    void visit_switch_case (tree_switch_case&);
 
-  void visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&);
+    void visit_switch_case_list (tree_switch_case_list&);
 
-  void visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&);
+    void visit_switch_command (tree_switch_command&);
 
-  void visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&);
+    void visit_try_catch_command (tree_try_catch_command&);
 
-  void visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&);
+    void visit_unwind_protect_command (tree_unwind_protect_command&);
 
-  void visit_while_command (tree_while_command&);
+    void visit_while_command (tree_while_command&);
 
-  void visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&);
-private:
-  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> arguments;
-  type_bound_vector bounds;
+    void visit_do_until_command (tree_do_until_command&);
+  private:
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> arguments;
+    type_bound_vector bounds;
 
-  bool converting_function;
+    bool converting_function;
 
-  // the scope of the function we are converting, or the current scope
-  octave::symbol_table::scope *scope;
+    // the scope of the function we are converting, or the current scope
+    symbol_table::scope *scope;
 
-  jit_factory factory;
+    jit_factory factory;
 
-  // used instead of return values from visit_* functions
-  jit_value *result;
+    // used instead of return values from visit_* functions
+    jit_value *result;
 
-  jit_block *entry_block;
+    jit_block *entry_block;
 
-  jit_block *final_block;
+    jit_block *final_block;
 
-  jit_block *block;
+    jit_block *block;
 
-  llvm::Function *function;
+    llvm::Function *function;
 
-  jit_block_list blocks;
+    jit_block_list blocks;
 
-  std::vector<jit_magic_end::context> end_context;
+    std::vector<jit_magic_end::context> end_context;
 
-  size_t iterator_count;
-  size_t for_bounds_count;
-  size_t short_count;
+    size_t iterator_count;
+    size_t for_bounds_count;
+    size_t short_count;
 
-  variable_map vmap;
+    variable_map vmap;
 
-  void initialize (octave::symbol_table::scope *s);
+    void initialize (symbol_table::scope *s);
 
-  jit_call * create_checked_impl (jit_call *ret);
+    jit_call * create_checked_impl (jit_call *ret);
 
-  // get an existing vairable.  If the variable does not exist, it will not be
-  // created
-  jit_variable * find_variable (const std::string& vname) const;
+    // get an existing vairable.  If the variable does not exist, it will not be
+    // created
+    jit_variable * find_variable (const std::string& vname) const;
 
-  // get a variable, create it if it does not exist.  The type will default to
-  // the variable's current type in the symbol table.
-  jit_variable * get_variable (const std::string& vname);
+    // get a variable, create it if it does not exist.  The type will default to
+    // the variable's current type in the symbol table.
+    jit_variable * get_variable (const std::string& vname);
 
-  // create a variable of the given name and given type.  Will also insert an
-  // extract statement
-  jit_variable * create_variable (const std::string& vname, jit_type *type,
-                                  bool isarg = true);
+    // create a variable of the given name and given type.  Will also insert an
+    // extract statement
+    jit_variable * create_variable (const std::string& vname, jit_type *type,
+                                    bool isarg = true);
 
-  // The name of the next for loop iterator.  If inc is false, then the
-  // iterator counter will not be incremented.
-  std::string next_iterator (bool inc = true)
-  { return next_name ("#iter", iterator_count, inc); }
+    // The name of the next for loop iterator.  If inc is false, then the
+    // iterator counter will not be incremented.
+    std::string next_iterator (bool inc = true)
+    { return next_name ("#iter", iterator_count, inc); }
 
-  std::string next_for_bounds (bool inc = true)
-  { return next_name ("#for_bounds", for_bounds_count, inc); }
+    std::string next_for_bounds (bool inc = true)
+    { return next_name ("#for_bounds", for_bounds_count, inc); }
 
-  std::string next_shortcircut_result (bool inc = true)
-  { return next_name ("#shortcircut_result", short_count, inc); }
+    std::string next_shortcircut_result (bool inc = true)
+    { return next_name ("#shortcircut_result", short_count, inc); }
 
-  std::string next_name (const char *prefix, size_t& count, bool inc);
+    std::string next_name (const char *prefix, size_t& count, bool inc);
 
-  jit_instruction * resolve (tree_index_expression& exp,
-                             jit_value *extra_arg = nullptr, bool lhs = false);
+    jit_instruction * resolve (tree_index_expression& exp,
+                               jit_value *extra_arg = nullptr, bool lhs = false);
 
-  jit_value * do_assign (tree_expression *exp, jit_value *rhs,
-                         bool artificial = false);
+    jit_value * do_assign (tree_expression *exp, jit_value *rhs,
+                           bool artificial = false);
 
-  jit_value * do_assign (const std::string& lhs, jit_value *rhs, bool print,
-                         bool artificial = false);
+    jit_value * do_assign (const std::string& lhs, jit_value *rhs, bool print,
+                           bool artificial = false);
 
-  jit_value * visit (tree *tee) { return visit (*tee); }
+    jit_value * visit (tree *tee) { return visit (*tee); }
 
-  jit_value * visit (tree& tee);
+    jit_value * visit (tree& tee);
 
-  typedef std::list<jit_block *> block_list;
-  block_list breaks;
-  block_list continues;
+    typedef std::list<jit_block *> block_list;
+    block_list breaks;
+    block_list continues;
 
-  void finish_breaks (jit_block *dest, const block_list& lst);
-};
+    void finish_breaks (jit_block *dest, const block_list& lst);
+  };
 
-// Convert from the low level Octave IR to LLVM
-class
-jit_convert_llvm : public jit_ir_walker
-{
-public:
-  llvm::Function * convert_loop (llvm::Module *module,
-                                 const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                                 const std::list<jit_value *>& constants);
+  // Convert from the low level Octave IR to LLVM
+  class
+  jit_convert_llvm : public jit_ir_walker
+  {
+  public:
+    llvm::Function * convert_loop (llvm::Module *module,
+                                   const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                                   const std::list<jit_value *>& constants);
 
-  jit_function convert_function (llvm::Module *module,
-                                 const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                                 const std::list<jit_value *>& constants,
-                                 octave_user_function& fcn,
-                                 const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
+    jit_function convert_function (llvm::Module *module,
+                                   const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                                   const std::list<jit_value *>& constants,
+                                   octave_user_function& fcn,
+                                   const std::vector<jit_type *>& args);
 
-  // arguments to the llvm::Function for loops
-  const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>>& get_arguments(void) const
-  { return argument_vec; }
+    // arguments to the llvm::Function for loops
+    const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>>& get_arguments(void) const
+    { return argument_vec; }
 
 #define JIT_METH(clname)                        \
-  virtual void visit (jit_ ## clname&);
+    virtual void visit (jit_ ## clname&);
 
-  JIT_VISIT_IR_CLASSES;
+    JIT_VISIT_IR_CLASSES;
 
 #undef JIT_METH
-private:
-  // name -> argument index (used for compiling functions)
-  std::map<std::string, int> argument_index;
+  private:
+    // name -> argument index (used for compiling functions)
+    std::map<std::string, int> argument_index;
 
-  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> argument_vec;
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> argument_vec;
 
-  // name -> llvm argument (used for compiling loops)
-  std::map<std::string, llvm::Value *> arguments;
+    // name -> llvm argument (used for compiling loops)
+    std::map<std::string, llvm::Value *> arguments;
 
-  bool converting_function;
+    bool converting_function;
 
-  // only used if we are converting a function
-  jit_function creating;
+    // only used if we are converting a function
+    jit_function creating;
 
-  llvm::Function *function;
-  llvm::BasicBlock *prelude;
+    llvm::Function *function;
+    llvm::BasicBlock *prelude;
 
-  void convert (const jit_block_list& blocks,
-                const std::list<jit_value *>& constants);
+    void convert (const jit_block_list& blocks,
+                  const std::list<jit_value *>& constants);
 
-  void finish_phi (jit_phi *phi);
+    void finish_phi (jit_phi *phi);
 
-  void visit (jit_value *jvalue)
-  {
-    return visit (*jvalue);
-  }
+    void visit (jit_value *jvalue)
+    {
+      return visit (*jvalue);
+    }
 
-  void visit (jit_value& jvalue)
-  {
-    jvalue.accept (*this);
-  }
-};
+    void visit (jit_value& jvalue)
+    {
+      jvalue.accept (*this);
+    }
+  };
 
-// type inference and SSA construction on the low level Octave IR
-class
-jit_infer
-{
-public:
-  typedef jit_convert::variable_map variable_map;
+  // type inference and SSA construction on the low level Octave IR
+  class
+  jit_infer
+  {
+  public:
+    typedef jit_convert::variable_map variable_map;
 
-  jit_infer (jit_factory& afactory, jit_block_list& ablocks,
-             const variable_map& avmap);
+    jit_infer (jit_factory& afactory, jit_block_list& ablocks,
+               const variable_map& avmap);
 
-  jit_block_list& get_blocks (void) const { return blocks; }
+    jit_block_list& get_blocks (void) const { return blocks; }
 
-  jit_factory& get_factory (void) const { return factory; }
+    jit_factory& get_factory (void) const { return factory; }
 
-  void infer (void);
-private:
-  jit_block_list& blocks;
-  jit_factory& factory;
-  const variable_map& vmap;
-  std::list<jit_instruction *> worklist;
+    void infer (void);
+  private:
+    jit_block_list& blocks;
+    jit_factory& factory;
+    const variable_map& vmap;
+    std::list<jit_instruction *> worklist;
 
-  void append_users (jit_value *v);
+    void append_users (jit_value *v);
 
-  void append_users_term (jit_terminator *term);
+    void append_users_term (jit_terminator *term);
 
-  void construct_ssa (void);
+    void construct_ssa (void);
 
-  void do_construct_ssa (jit_block& block, size_t avisit_count);
+    void do_construct_ssa (jit_block& block, size_t avisit_count);
 
-  jit_block& entry_block (void) { return *blocks.front (); }
+    jit_block& entry_block (void) { return *blocks.front (); }
 
-  jit_block& final_block (void) { return *blocks.back (); }
+    jit_block& final_block (void) { return *blocks.back (); }
 
-  void place_releases (void);
+    void place_releases (void);
 
-  void push_worklist (jit_instruction *instr);
+    void push_worklist (jit_instruction *instr);
 
-  void remove_dead ();
+    void remove_dead ();
 
-  void release_dead_phi (jit_block& ablock);
+    void release_dead_phi (jit_block& ablock);
 
-  void release_temp (jit_block& ablock, std::set<jit_value *>& temp);
+    void release_temp (jit_block& ablock, std::set<jit_value *>& temp);
 
-  void simplify_phi (void);
+    void simplify_phi (void);
 
-  void simplify_phi (jit_phi& phi);
-};
+    void simplify_phi (jit_phi& phi);
+  };
 
-class
-tree_jit
-{
-public:
-  ~tree_jit (void);
+  class
+  tree_jit
+  {
+  public:
+    ~tree_jit (void);
 
-  static bool execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd,
-                       const octave_value& bounds);
+    static bool execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd,
+                         const octave_value& bounds);
 
-  static bool execute (tree_while_command& cmd);
+    static bool execute (tree_while_command& cmd);
 
-  static bool execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
-                       octave_value_list& retval);
+    static bool execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
+                         octave_value_list& retval);
 
-  llvm::ExecutionEngine * get_engine (void) const { return engine; }
+    llvm::ExecutionEngine * get_engine (void) const { return engine; }
 
-  llvm::Module * get_module (void) const { return module; }
+    llvm::Module * get_module (void) const { return module; }
 
-  void optimize (llvm::Function *fn);
-private:
-  tree_jit (void);
+    void optimize (llvm::Function *fn);
+  private:
+    tree_jit (void);
+
+    static tree_jit& instance (void);
 
-  static tree_jit& instance (void);
+    bool initialize (void);
 
-  bool initialize (void);
+    bool do_execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds);
 
-  bool do_execute (tree_simple_for_command& cmd, const octave_value& bounds);
+    bool do_execute (tree_while_command& cmd);
 
-  bool do_execute (tree_while_command& cmd);
+    bool do_execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
+                     octave_value_list& retval);
 
-  bool do_execute (octave_user_function& fcn, const octave_value_list& args,
-                   octave_value_list& retval);
+    bool enabled (void);
 
-  bool enabled (void);
-
-  size_t trip_count (const octave_value& bounds) const;
+    size_t trip_count (const octave_value& bounds) const;
 
-  llvm::Module *module;
+    llvm::Module *module;
 #if defined (LEGACY_PASSMANAGER)
-  llvm::legacy::PassManager *module_pass_manager;
-  llvm::legacy::FunctionPassManager *pass_manager;
+    llvm::legacy::PassManager *module_pass_manager;
+    llvm::legacy::FunctionPassManager *pass_manager;
 #else
-  llvm::PassManager *module_pass_manager;
-  llvm::FunctionPassManager *pass_manager;
+    llvm::PassManager *module_pass_manager;
+    llvm::FunctionPassManager *pass_manager;
 #endif
-  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
-};
+    llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+  };
+
+  class
+  jit_function_info
+  {
+  public:
+    jit_function_info (tree_jit& tjit, octave_user_function& fcn,
+                       const octave_value_list& ov_args);
 
-class
-jit_function_info
-{
-public:
-  jit_function_info (tree_jit& tjit, octave_user_function& fcn,
-                     const octave_value_list& ov_args);
+    bool execute (const octave_value_list& ov_args,
+                  octave_value_list& retval) const;
 
-  bool execute (const octave_value_list& ov_args,
-                octave_value_list& retval) const;
+    bool match (const octave_value_list& ov_args) const;
+  private:
+    typedef octave_base_value *(*jited_function)(octave_base_value**);
+
+    std::vector<jit_type *> argument_types;
+    jited_function function;
+  };
 
-  bool match (const octave_value_list& ov_args) const;
-private:
-  typedef octave_base_value *(*jited_function)(octave_base_value**);
+  class
+  jit_info
+  {
+  public:
+    // we use a pointer here so we don't have to include ov.h
+    typedef std::map<std::string, const octave_value *> vmap;
 
-  std::vector<jit_type *> argument_types;
-  jited_function function;
-};
+    jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee);
 
-class
-jit_info
-{
-public:
-  // we use a pointer here so we don't have to include ov.h
-  typedef std::map<std::string, const octave_value *> vmap;
+    jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, const octave_value& for_bounds);
 
-  jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee);
+    ~jit_info (void);
 
-  jit_info (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, const octave_value& for_bounds);
+    bool execute (const vmap& extra_vars = vmap ()) const;
 
-  ~jit_info (void);
+    bool match (const vmap& extra_vars = vmap ()) const;
+  private:
+    typedef jit_convert::type_bound type_bound;
+    typedef jit_convert::type_bound_vector type_bound_vector;
+    typedef void (*jited_function)(octave_base_value**);
 
-  bool execute (const vmap& extra_vars = vmap ()) const;
+    void compile (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds = nullptr);
 
-  bool match (const vmap& extra_vars = vmap ()) const;
-private:
-  typedef jit_convert::type_bound type_bound;
-  typedef jit_convert::type_bound_vector type_bound_vector;
-  typedef void (*jited_function)(octave_base_value**);
+    octave_value find (const vmap& extra_vars, const std::string& vname) const;
 
-  void compile (tree_jit& tjit, tree& tee, jit_type *for_bounds = nullptr);
+    llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
+    jited_function function;
+    llvm::Function *llvm_function;
 
-  octave_value find (const vmap& extra_vars, const std::string& vname) const;
+    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> arguments;
+    type_bound_vector bounds;
+  };
 
-  llvm::ExecutionEngine *engine;
-  jited_function function;
-  llvm::Function *llvm_function;
-
-  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, bool>> arguments;
-  type_bound_vector bounds;
-};
+}
 
 #endif
 #endif
--- a/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/parse-tree/pt-loop.h	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@
 
 #if defined (HAVE_LLVM)
     // some functions use by tree_jit
-    jit_info * get_info (void) const
+    octave::jit_info * get_info (void) const
     {
       return compiled;
     }
 
-    void stash_info (jit_info *jinfo)
+    void stash_info (octave::jit_info *jinfo)
     {
       compiled = jinfo;
     }
--- a/libinterp/template-inst/Array-jit.cc	Sat Oct 07 09:59:16 2017 +0200
+++ b/libinterp/template-inst/Array-jit.cc	Sun Oct 15 21:08:02 2017 +0200
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@
 extern template class OCTAVE_API Array<idx_vector>;
 extern template class OCTAVE_API Array<octave_idx_type>;
 
-NO_INSTANTIATE_ARRAY_SORT (jit_function);
+NO_INSTANTIATE_ARRAY_SORT (octave::jit_function);
 
-INSTANTIATE_ARRAY (jit_function, OCTINTERP_API);
+INSTANTIATE_ARRAY (octave::jit_function, OCTINTERP_API);
 
 #if defined (Cell_h)
 #  error Must not include Cell.h in Array-jit.h