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[project @ 2007-05-15 02:23:08 by jwe]
author jwe
date Tue, 15 May 2007 02:23:32 +0000
parents 1b7a6061a05d
children b2391d403ed2
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1 @c Copyright (C) 1996, 1997 John W. Eaton
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2 @c This is part of the Octave manual.
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3 @c For copying conditions, see the file gpl.texi.
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4
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5 @node System Utilities
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6 @chapter System Utilities
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7
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8 This chapter describes the functions that are available to allow you to
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9 get information about what is happening outside of Octave, while it is
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10 still running, and use this information in your program. For example,
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11 you can get information about environment variables, the current time,
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12 and even start other programs from the Octave prompt.
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13
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14 @menu
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15 * Timing Utilities::
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16 * Filesystem Utilities::
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17 * File Archiving Utilities::
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18 * Networking Utilities::
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19 * Controlling Subprocesses::
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20 * Process ID Information::
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21 * Environment Variables::
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22 * Current Working Directory::
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23 * Password Database Functions::
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24 * Group Database Functions::
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25 * System Information::
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26 @end menu
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27
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28 @node Timing Utilities
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29 @section Timing Utilities
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30
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31 Octave's core set of functions for manipulating time values are
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32 patterned after the corresponding functions from the standard C library.
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33 Several of these functions use a data structure for time that includes
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34 the following elements:
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35
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36 @table @code
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37 @item usec
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38 Microseconds after the second (0-999999).
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39
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40 @item sec
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41 Seconds after the minute (0-61). This number can be 61 to account
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42 for leap seconds.
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43
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44 @item min
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45 Minutes after the hour (0-59).
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46
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47 @item hour
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48 Hours since midnight (0-23).
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49
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50 @item mday
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51 Day of the month (1-31).
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52
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53 @item mon
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54 Months since January (0-11).
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55
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56 @item year
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57 Years since 1900.
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58
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59 @item wday
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60 Days since Sunday (0-6).
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61
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62 @item yday
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63 Days since January 1 (0-365).
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64
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65 @item isdst
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66 Daylight Savings Time flag.
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67
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68 @item zone
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69 Time zone.
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70 @end table
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71
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72 @noindent
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73 In the descriptions of the following functions, this structure is
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74 referred to as a @var{tm_struct}.
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75
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76 @DOCSTRING(time)
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78 @DOCSTRING(now)
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79
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80 @DOCSTRING(ctime)
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81
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82 @DOCSTRING(gmtime)
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84 @DOCSTRING(localtime)
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86 @DOCSTRING(mktime)
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88 @DOCSTRING(asctime)
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89
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90 @DOCSTRING(strftime)
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91
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92 @DOCSTRING(strptime)
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93
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94 Most of the remaining functions described in this section are not
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95 patterned after the standard C library. Some are available for
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96 compatiblity with @sc{Matlab} and others are provided because they are
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97 useful.
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98
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99 @DOCSTRING(clock)
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100
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101 @DOCSTRING(date)
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102
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103 @DOCSTRING(etime)
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104
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105 @DOCSTRING(cputime)
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106
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107 @DOCSTRING(is_leap_year)
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108
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109 @DOCSTRING(tic)
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111 @DOCSTRING(pause)
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113 @DOCSTRING(sleep)
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115 @DOCSTRING(usleep)
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117 @DOCSTRING( datenum)
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118
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119 @DOCSTRING(datestr)
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120
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121 @DOCSTRING(datevec)
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122
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123 @DOCSTRING(calendar)
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124
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125 @DOCSTRING(weekday)
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126
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127 @DOCSTRING(eomday)
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128
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129 @node Filesystem Utilities
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130 @section Filesystem Utilities
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131
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132 Octave includes the following functions for renaming and deleting files,
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133 creating, deleting, and reading directories, and for getting information
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134 about the status of files.
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135
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136 @DOCSTRING(rename)
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137
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138 @DOCSTRING(link)
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139
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140 @DOCSTRING(symlink)
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141
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142 @DOCSTRING(readlink)
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143
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144 @DOCSTRING(unlink)
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146 @DOCSTRING(readdir)
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147
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148 @DOCSTRING(mkdir)
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149
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150 @DOCSTRING(rmdir)
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151
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152 @DOCSTRING(confirm_recursive_rmdir)
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153
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154 @DOCSTRING(mkfifo)
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155
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156 @DOCSTRING(umask)
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158 @DOCSTRING(stat)
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159
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160 @DOCSTRING(lstat)
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161
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162 @DOCSTRING(fileattrib)
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163
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164 @DOCSTRING(isdir)
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165
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166 @DOCSTRING(glob)
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167
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168 @DOCSTRING(fnmatch)
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169
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170 @DOCSTRING(file_in_path)
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171
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172 @DOCSTRING(tilde_expand)
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173
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174 @DOCSTRING(canonicalize_file_name)
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175
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176 @DOCSTRING(movefile)
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177
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178 @DOCSTRING(copyfile)
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179
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180 @DOCSTRING(fileparts)
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181
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182 @DOCSTRING(filesep)
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183
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184 @DOCSTRING(fullfile)
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185
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186 @DOCSTRING(tempdir)
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187
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188 @DOCSTRING(tempname)
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189
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190 @DOCSTRING(P_tmpdir)
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191
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192 @node File Archiving Utilities
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193 @section File Archiving Utilities
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194
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195 @DOCSTRING(bunzip2)
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196
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197 @DOCSTRING(gunzip)
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198
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199 @DOCSTRING(tar)
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200
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201 @DOCSTRING(untar)
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202
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203 @DOCSTRING(zip)
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204
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205 @DOCSTRING(unzip)
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206
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207 @DOCSTRING(pack)
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208
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209 @DOCSTRING(unpack)
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210
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211 @node Networking Utilities
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212 @section Networking Utilities
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213
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214 @DOCSTRING(urlread)
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215
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216 @DOCSTRING(urlwrite)
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217
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218 @node Controlling Subprocesses
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219 @section Controlling Subprocesses
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220
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221 Octave includes some high-level commands like @code{system} and
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222 @code{popen} for starting subprocesses. If you want to run another
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223 program to perform some task and then look at its output, you will
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224 probably want to use these functions.
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225
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226 Octave also provides several very low-level Unix-like functions which
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227 can also be used for starting subprocesses, but you should probably only
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228 use them if you can't find any way to do what you need with the
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229 higher-level functions.
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230
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231 @DOCSTRING(system)
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232
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233 @DOCSTRING(unix)
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234
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235 @DOCSTRING(dos)
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236
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237 @DOCSTRING(popen)
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238
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239 @DOCSTRING(pclose)
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240
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241 @DOCSTRING(popen2)
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242
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243 @DOCSTRING(EXEC_PATH)
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244
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245 In most cases, the following functions simply decode their arguments and
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246 make the corresponding Unix system calls. For a complete example of how
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247 they can be used, look at the definition of the function @code{popen2}.
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248
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249 @DOCSTRING(fork)
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250
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251 @DOCSTRING(exec)
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252
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253 @DOCSTRING(pipe)
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254
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255 @DOCSTRING(dup2)
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256
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257 @DOCSTRING(waitpid)
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258
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259 @DOCSTRING(fcntl)
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260
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261 @DOCSTRING(kill)
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262
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263 @DOCSTRING(SIG)
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264
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265 @node Process ID Information
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266 @section Process, Group, and User IDs
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267
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268 @DOCSTRING(getpgrp)
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269
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270 @DOCSTRING(getpid)
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271
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272 @DOCSTRING(getppid)
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273
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274 @DOCSTRING(geteuid)
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275
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276 @DOCSTRING(getuid)
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277
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278 @DOCSTRING(getegid)
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279
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280 @DOCSTRING(getgid)
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281
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282 @node Environment Variables
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283 @section Environment Variables
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284
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285 @DOCSTRING(getenv)
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286
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287 @DOCSTRING(putenv)
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288
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289 @node Current Working Directory
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290 @section Current Working Directory
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291
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292 @DOCSTRING(cd)
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293
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294 @DOCSTRING(ls)
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295
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296 @DOCSTRING(ls_command)
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297
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298 @DOCSTRING(dir)
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299
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300 @DOCSTRING(pwd)
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301
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302 @node Password Database Functions
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303 @section Password Database Functions
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304
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305 Octave's password database functions return information in a structure
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306 with the following fields.
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307
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308 @table @code
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309 @item name
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310 The user name.
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311
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312 @item passwd
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313 The encrypted password, if available.
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314
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315 @item uid
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316 The numeric user id.
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317
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318 @item gid
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319 The numeric group id.
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320
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321 @item gecos
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322 The GECOS field.
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323
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324 @item dir
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325 The home directory.
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326
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327 @item shell
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328 The initial shell.
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329 @end table
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330
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331 In the descriptions of the following functions, this data structure is
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332 referred to as a @var{pw_struct}.
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333
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334 @DOCSTRING(getpwent)
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335
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336 @DOCSTRING(getpwuid)
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337
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338 @DOCSTRING(getpwnam)
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339
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340 @DOCSTRING(setpwent)
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341
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342 @DOCSTRING(endpwent)
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343
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344 @node Group Database Functions
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345 @section Group Database Functions
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346
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347 Octave's group database functions return information in a structure
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348 with the following fields.
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349
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350 @table @code
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351 @item name
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352 The user name.
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353
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354 @item passwd
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355 The encrypted password, if available.
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356
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357 @item gid
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358 The numeric group id.
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359
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360 @item mem
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361 The members of the group.
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362 @end table
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363
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364 In the descriptions of the following functions, this data structure is
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365 referred to as a @var{grp_struct}.
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366
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367 @DOCSTRING(getgrent)
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368
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369 @DOCSTRING(getgrgid)
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370
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371 @DOCSTRING(getgrnam)
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372
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373 @DOCSTRING(setgrent)
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374
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375 @DOCSTRING(endgrent)
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376
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377 @node System Information
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378 @section System Information
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379
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380 @DOCSTRING(computer)
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381
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382 @DOCSTRING(uname)
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383
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384 @DOCSTRING(ispc)
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385
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386 @DOCSTRING(isunix)
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387
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388 @DOCSTRING(isieee)
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389
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390 @DOCSTRING(OCTAVE_HOME)
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391
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392 @DOCSTRING(OCTAVE_VERSION)
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393
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394 @DOCSTRING(version)
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395
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396 @DOCSTRING(ver)
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397
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398 @DOCSTRING(octave_config_info)
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399
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400 @DOCSTRING(getrusage)