Mercurial > octave-nkf
annotate doc/interpreter/install.txi @ 14187:53a9c916ba2f stable
doc: include tips for installing build dependencies on specific systems
* install.txi: Add info for install build deps with apt-get and yum.
author | John W. Eaton <jwe@octave.org> |
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date | Tue, 10 Jan 2012 15:25:35 -0500 |
parents | 2ced2f59f523 |
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rev | line source |
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1 @c Copyright (C) 1996-2012 John W. Eaton |
7018 | 2 @c |
3 @c This file is part of Octave. | |
4 @c | |
5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at | |
8 @c your option) any later version. | |
9 @c | |
10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | |
11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
13 @c for more details. | |
14 @c | |
15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see | |
17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
3294 | 18 |
7018 | 19 @c The text of this file appears in the file INSTALL in the Octave |
20 @c distribution, as well as in the Octave manual. | |
3294 | 21 |
22 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
4167 | 23 @node Installation |
3294 | 24 @appendix Installing Octave |
25 @end ifclear | |
26 | |
27 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
28 | |
29 This file documents the installation of Octave. | |
30 | |
31 Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
32 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
33 Free Software Foundation. | |
34 | |
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35 @strong{Note}: This file is automatically generated from |
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36 @file{doc/interpreter/install.txi} in the Octave sources. To update |
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37 the documentation make changes to the .txi source file rather than this |
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38 derived file. |
7144 | 39 |
4167 | 40 @node Installation |
3294 | 41 @chapter Installing Octave |
42 @end ifset | |
43 | |
44 @cindex installing Octave | |
45 | |
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46 The procedure for installing Octave from source on a Unix-like system is |
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47 described below. Building on other platforms will follow similar |
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48 steps. Note that this description applies to Octave releases. Building |
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49 the development sources from the Mercurial archive requires additional |
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50 steps as described in @ref{Building the Development Sources}. |
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51 |
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52 @menu |
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53 * Build Dependencies:: |
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54 * Running Configure and Make:: |
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55 * Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing:: |
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56 * Installation Problems:: |
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57 @end menu |
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58 |
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59 @node Build Dependencies |
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60 @section Build Dependencies |
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61 |
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62 Octave is a fairly large program with many build dependencies. You may |
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63 be able to find pre-packaged versions of the dependencies distributed as |
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64 part of your system, or you may have to build some or all of them |
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65 yourself. |
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66 |
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67 @menu |
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68 * Tips for Specific Systems:: |
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69 * Build Tools:: |
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70 * External Packages:: |
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71 @end menu |
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72 |
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73 @node Tips for Specific Systems |
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74 @subsection Tips for Specific Systems |
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75 |
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76 The names of pre-compiled packages vary by system and do not always |
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77 match exactly the names listed above. |
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78 |
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79 You will usually need the development version of an external dependency |
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80 so that you get the libraries and header files for building software, |
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81 not just for running already compiled programs. These packages |
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82 typically have names that end with the suffix @code{-dev} or @code{-devel}. |
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83 |
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84 On systems with @code{apt-get} (Debian, Ubuntu, etc.), you may be able |
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85 to install most of the tools and external packages using a command |
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86 similar to |
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87 |
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88 @example |
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89 apt-get build-dep octave |
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90 @end example |
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91 |
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92 @noindent |
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93 The specific package name may be @code{octave3.2} or @code{octave3.4}. |
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94 The set of required tools and external dependencies does not change |
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95 frequently, so it is not important that the version match exactly, but |
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96 you should use the most recent one available. |
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97 |
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98 On systems with @code{yum} (Fedora, Red Hat, etc.), you may be able to |
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99 install most of the tools and external packages using a command similar to |
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100 |
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101 @example |
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102 yum-builddep octave |
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103 @end example |
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104 |
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105 @noindent |
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106 The @code{yum-builddep} utility is part of the @code{yum-utils} package. |
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107 |
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108 For either type of system, the package name may include a version |
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109 number. The set of required tools and external dependencies does not |
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110 change frequently, so it is not important that the version exactly match |
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111 the version you are installing, but you should use the most recent one |
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112 available. |
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113 |
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114 @node Build Tools |
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115 @subsection Build Tools |
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116 |
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117 The following tools are required: |
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118 |
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119 @table @asis |
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120 @item C++, C, and Fortran compilers |
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121 The Octave sources are primarily written in C++, but some portions are |
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122 also written in C and Fortran. The Octave sources are intended to be |
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123 portable. Recent versions of the GNU compiler collection (GCC) should |
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124 work (@url{http://gcc.gnu.org}). If you use GCC, you should avoid |
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125 mixing versions. For example, be sure that you are not using the |
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126 obsolete @code{g77} Fortran compiler with modern versions of @code{gcc} |
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127 and @code{g++}. |
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128 |
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129 @item GNU Make |
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130 Tool for building software (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/make}). |
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131 Octave's build system requires GNU Make. Other versions of Make will |
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132 not work. Fortunately, GNU Make is highly portable and easy to install. |
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133 |
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134 @item AWK, sed, and other Unix utilities |
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135 Basic Unix system utilities are required for building Octave. All will |
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136 be available with any modern Unix system and also on Windows with either |
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137 Cygwin or MinGW and MSYS. |
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138 @end table |
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139 |
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140 Additionally, the following tools may be needed: |
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141 |
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142 @table @asis |
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143 @item Bison |
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144 Parser generator (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/bison}). |
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145 You will need Bison if you modify the @code{oct-parse.yy} source file or |
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146 if you delete the files that are generated from it. |
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147 |
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148 @item Flex |
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149 Lexer analyzer (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/flex}). You will need |
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150 Flex if you modify the @code{lex.ll} source file or if you delete the |
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151 files that are generated from it. |
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152 |
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153 @item Autoconf |
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154 Package for software configuration |
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155 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf}). Autoconf is required if |
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156 you modify Octave's @code{configure.ac} file or other files that it |
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157 requires. |
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158 |
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159 @item Automake |
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160 Package for Makefile generation |
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161 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/automake}). Automake is required if |
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162 you modify Octave's @code{Makefile.am} files or other files that they |
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163 depend on. |
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164 |
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165 @item Libtool |
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166 Package for building software libraries |
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167 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool}). Libtool is required by |
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168 Automake. |
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169 @end table |
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170 |
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171 @node External Packages |
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172 @subsection External Packages |
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173 |
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174 The following external packages are required: |
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175 |
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176 @table @asis |
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177 @item BLAS |
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178 Basic Linear Algebra Subroutine library |
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179 (@url{http://www.netlib.org/blas}). Accelerated BLAS libraries such as |
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180 ATLAS (@url{http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net}) are recommeded for |
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181 better performance. |
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182 @item LAPACK |
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183 Linear Algebra Package (@url{http://www.netlib.org/lapack}). |
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184 @item PCRE |
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185 The Perl Compatible Regular Expression library (http://www.pcre.org). |
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186 @end table |
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187 |
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188 The following external package is optional but strongly recommended: |
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189 |
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190 @table @asis |
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191 @item GNU Readline |
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192 Command-line editing library (@url{www.gnu.org/s/readline}). |
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193 @end table |
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194 |
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195 If you wish to build Octave without GNU readline installed, you must use |
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196 the @code{--disable-readline} option when running the configure script. |
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197 |
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198 The following external software packages are optional but recommended: |
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199 |
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200 @table @asis |
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201 @item ARPACK |
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202 Library for the solution of large-scale eigenvalue problems |
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203 (@url{http://forge.scilab.org/index.php/p/arpack-ng}). ARPACK is |
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204 required to provide the functions @code{eigs} and @code{svds}. |
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205 |
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206 @item cURL |
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207 Library for transferring data with URL syntax |
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208 (@url{http://curl.haxx.se}). cURL is required to provide the |
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209 @code{urlread} and @code{urlwrite} functions and the @code{ftp} class. |
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210 |
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211 @item FFTW3 |
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212 Library for computing discrete Fourier transforms |
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213 (@url{http://www.fftw.org}). FFTW3 is used to provide better |
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214 performance for functions that compute discrete Fourier transforms |
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215 (@code{fft}, @code{ifft}, @code{fft2}, etc.) |
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216 |
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217 @item FLTK |
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218 Portable GUI toolkit (@url{http://www.fltk.org}). FLTK is currently |
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219 used to provide windows for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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220 |
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221 @item fontconfig |
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222 Library for configuring and customizing font access |
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223 (@url{http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/fontconfig}). Fontconfig |
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224 is used to manage fonts for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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225 |
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226 @item FreeType |
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227 Portable font engine (@url{http://www.freetype.org}). FreeType is used |
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228 to perform font rendering for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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229 |
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230 @item GLPK |
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231 GNU Linear Programming Kit (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/glpk}). |
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232 GPLK is required for the function @code{glpk}. |
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233 |
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234 @item gnuplot |
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235 Interactive graphics program (@url{http://www.gnuplot.info}). gnuplot |
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236 is currently the default graphics renderer for Octave. |
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237 |
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238 @item GraphicsMagick++ |
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239 Image processing library (@url{http://www.graphicsmagick.org}). |
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240 GraphicsMagick++ is used to provide the @code{imread} and @code{imwrite} |
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241 functions. |
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242 |
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243 @item HDF5 |
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244 Library for manipulating portable data files |
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245 (@url{http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5}). HDF5 is required for Octave's |
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246 @code{load} and @code{save} commands to read and write HDF data files. |
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247 |
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248 @item OpenGL |
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249 API for portable 2D and 3D graphics (@url{http://www.opengl.org}). An |
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250 OpenGL implementation is required to provide Octave's OpenGL-based |
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251 graphics functions. Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions usually |
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252 outperform the gnuplot-based graphics functions because plot data can be |
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253 rendered directly instead of sending data and commands to gnuplot for |
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254 interpretation and rendering. |
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255 |
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256 @item Qhull |
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257 Computational geometry library (@url{http://www.qhull.org}). Qhull is |
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258 required to provide the functions @code{convhull}, @code{convhulln}, |
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259 @code{delaunay}, @code{delaunay3}, @code{delaunayn}, @code{voronoi}, and |
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260 @code{voronoin}. |
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261 |
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262 @item QRUPDATE |
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263 QR factorization updating library |
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264 (@url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/qrupdate}). QRUPDATE is used to |
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265 provide improved performance for the functions @code{qrdelete}, |
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266 @code{qrinsert}, @code{qrshift}, and @code{qrupdate}. |
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267 |
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268 @item SuiteSparse |
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269 Sparse matrix factorization library |
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270 (@url{http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/SuiteSparse}). |
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271 SuiteSparse is required to provide sparse matrix factorizations and |
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272 solution of linear equations for sparse systems. |
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273 |
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274 @item zlib |
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275 Data compression library (@url{http://zlib.net}). The zlib library is |
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276 required for Octave's @code{load} and @code{save} commands to handle |
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277 compressed data, including @sc{Matlab} v5 MAT files. |
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278 @end table |
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279 |
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280 @node Running Configure and Make |
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281 @section Running Configure and Make |
3294 | 282 |
283 @itemize @bullet | |
284 @item | |
285 Run the shell script @file{configure}. This will determine the features | |
286 your system has (or doesn't have) and create a file named | |
287 @file{Makefile} from each of the files named @file{Makefile.in}. | |
288 | |
289 Here is a summary of the configure options that are most frequently used | |
290 when building Octave: | |
291 | |
292 @table @code | |
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293 @item --help |
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294 Print a summary of the options recognized by the configure script. |
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295 |
3294 | 296 @item --prefix=@var{prefix} |
297 Install Octave in subdirectories below @var{prefix}. The default value | |
298 of @var{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}. | |
299 | |
300 @item --srcdir=@var{dir} | |
301 Look for Octave sources in the directory @var{dir}. | |
302 | |
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303 @item --enable-64 |
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304 This is an @strong{experimental} option to enable Octave to use 64-bit |
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305 integers for array dimensions and indexing on 64-bit platforms. You |
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306 probably don't want to use this option unless you know what you are |
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307 doing. @xref{Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing}, for more details |
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308 about building Octave with this option. |
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309 |
7091 | 310 @item --enable-bounds-check |
311 Enable bounds checking for indexing operators in the internal array | |
312 classes. This option is primarily used for debugging Octave. Building | |
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313 Octave with this option has a negative impact on performance and is not |
7091 | 314 recommended for general use. |
3294 | 315 |
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316 @item --disable-docs |
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317 Disable building all forms of the documentation (Info, PDF, HTML). The |
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318 default is to build documentation, but your system will need functioning |
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319 Texinfo and @TeX{} installs for this to succeed. |
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320 |
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321 @item --enable-float-truncate |
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322 This option allows for truncation of intermediate floating point results |
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323 in calculations. It is only necessary for certain platforms. |
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324 |
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325 @item --enable-readline |
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326 Use the readline library to provide for editing of the command line in |
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327 terminal environments. This option is on by default. |
3294 | 328 |
329 @item --enable-shared | |
7091 | 330 Create shared libraries (this is the default). If you are planning to |
331 use the dynamic loading features, you will probably want to use this | |
332 option. It will make your @file{.oct} files much smaller and on some | |
333 systems it may be necessary to build shared libraries in order to use | |
334 dynamically linked functions. | |
3294 | 335 |
336 You may also want to build a shared version of @code{libstdc++}, if your | |
7081 | 337 system doesn't already have one. |
3294 | 338 |
339 @item --enable-dl | |
340 Use @code{dlopen} and friends to make Octave capable of dynamically | |
7091 | 341 linking externally compiled functions (this is the default if |
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342 @option{--enable-shared} is specified). This option only works on |
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343 systems that actually have these functions. If you plan on using this |
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344 feature, you should probably also use @option{--enable-shared} to reduce |
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345 the size of your @file{.oct} files. |
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346 |
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347 @item --with-blas=<lib> |
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348 By default, configure looks for the best @sc{blas} matrix libraries on |
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349 your system, including optimized implementations such as the free ATLAS |
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350 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of an optimized |
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351 @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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352 operations.) Use this option to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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353 that Octave should use. |
3294 | 354 |
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355 @item --with-lapack=<lib> |
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356 By default, configure looks for the best @sc{lapack} matrix libraries on |
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357 your system, including optimized implementations such as the free ATLAS |
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358 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of an optimized |
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359 @sc{lapack} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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360 operations.) Use this option to specify a particular @sc{lapack} |
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361 library that Octave should use. |
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362 |
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363 @item --with-magick=<lib> |
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364 Select the library to use for image I/O@. The two possible values are |
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365 "GraphicsMagick" (default) or "ImageMagick". |
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366 |
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367 @item --with-sepchar=<char> |
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368 Use <char> as the path separation character. This option can help when |
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369 running Octave on non-Unix systems. |
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370 |
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371 @item --without-amd |
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372 Don't use @sc{amd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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373 |
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374 @item --without-camd |
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375 Don't use @sc{camd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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376 |
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377 @item --without-colamd |
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378 Don't use @sc{colamd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 379 |
380 @item --without-ccolamd | |
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381 Don't use @sc{ccolamd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 382 |
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383 @item --without-cholmod |
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384 Don't use @sc{cholmod}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 385 |
386 @item --without-curl | |
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387 Don't use the cURL library, disable the ftp objects, @code{urlread} and |
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388 @code{urlwrite} functions. |
3294 | 389 |
7091 | 390 @item --without-cxsparse |
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391 Don't use @sc{cxsparse}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 392 |
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393 @item --without-fftw3 |
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394 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library for computing Fast Fourier |
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395 Transforms instead of the @sc{fftw3} library. |
7091 | 396 |
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397 @item --without-fftw3f |
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398 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library for computing Fast Fourier |
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399 Transforms instead of the @sc{fftw3} library when operating on single |
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400 precision (float) values. |
3294 | 401 |
7091 | 402 @item --without-glpk |
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403 Don't use the @sc{glpk} library for linear programming. |
7091 | 404 |
405 @item --without-hdf5 | |
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406 Don't use the @sc{hdf5} library, disable reading and writing of |
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407 @sc{hdf5} files. |
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408 |
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409 @item --without-opengl |
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410 Don't use OpenGL, disable native graphics toolkit for plotting. You |
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411 will need @code{gnuplot} installed in order to make plots. |
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412 |
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413 @item --without-qhull |
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414 Don't use Qhull, disable @code{delaunay}, @code{convhull}, and |
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415 related functions. |
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416 |
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417 @item --without-qrupdate |
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418 Don't use @sc{qrupdate}, disable QR and Cholesky update functions. |
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419 |
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420 @item --without-umfpack |
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421 Don't use @sc{umfpack}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 422 |
423 @item --without-zlib | |
424 Don't use the zlib library, disable data file compression and support | |
425 for recent MAT file formats. | |
426 | |
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427 @item --without-framework-carbon |
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428 Don't use framework Carbon headers, libraries, or specific source code |
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429 even if the configure test succeeds (the default is to use Carbon |
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430 framework if available). This is a platform specific configure option |
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431 for Mac systems. |
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432 |
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433 @item --without-framework-opengl |
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434 Don't use framework OpenGL headers, libraries, or specific source code |
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435 even if the configure test succeeds. If this option is given then |
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436 OpenGL headers and libraries in standard system locations are tested |
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437 (the default value is @option{--with-framework-opengl}). This is a |
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438 platform specific configure option for Mac systems. |
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439 |
3294 | 440 @end table |
441 | |
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442 See the file @file{INSTALL} for more general information about the |
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443 command line options used by configure. That file also contains |
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444 instructions for compiling in a directory other than the one where |
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445 the source is located. |
3294 | 446 |
447 @item | |
448 Run make. | |
449 | |
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450 You will need a recent version of GNU Make as Octave relies on certain |
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451 features not generally available in all versions of make. Modifying |
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452 Octave's makefiles to work with other make programs is probably not |
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453 worth your time; instead, we simply recommend installing GNU Make. |
3294 | 454 |
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455 There are currently two options for plotting in Octave: (1) the external |
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456 program gnuplot, or (2) the internal graphics engine using OpenGL and |
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457 FLTK@. Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive function plotting |
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458 program. Gnuplot is copyrighted, but freely distributable. As of |
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459 Octave release 3.4, gnuplot is the default option for plotting. But, |
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460 the internal graphics engine is nearly 100% compatible, certainly for |
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461 most ordinary plots, and users are encouraged to test it. It is |
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462 anticipated that the internal engine will become the default option at |
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463 the next major release of Octave. |
3294 | 464 |
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465 To compile Octave, you will need a recent version of @code{g++} or other |
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466 ANSI C++ compiler. In addition, you will need a Fortran 77 compiler or |
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467 @code{f2c}. If you use @code{f2c}, you will need a script like |
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468 @code{fort77} that works like a normal Fortran compiler by combining |
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469 @code{f2c} with your C compiler in a single script. |
3294 | 470 |
471 If you plan to modify the parser you will also need GNU @code{bison} and | |
472 @code{flex}. If you modify the documentation, you will need GNU | |
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473 Texinfo. |
3294 | 474 |
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475 GNU Make, @code{gcc} (and @code{libstdc++}), @code{gnuplot}, |
3294 | 476 @code{bison}, @code{flex}, and Texinfo are all available from many |
477 anonymous ftp archives. The primary site is @url{ftp.gnu.org}, but it | |
478 is often very busy. A list of sites that mirror the software on | |
479 @url{ftp.gnu.org} is available by anonymous ftp from | |
480 @url{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FTP}. | |
481 | |
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482 Octave requires approximately 1.4 GB of disk storage to unpack and |
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483 compile from source (significantly less, 400 MB, if you don't compile |
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484 with debugging symbols). To compile without debugging symbols try the |
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485 command |
3294 | 486 |
487 @example | |
488 make CFLAGS=-O CXXFLAGS=-O LDFLAGS= | |
489 @end example | |
490 | |
491 @noindent | |
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492 instead of just @command{make}. |
3294 | 493 |
494 @item | |
495 If you encounter errors while compiling Octave, first check the list of | |
496 known problems below to see if there is a workaround or solution for | |
497 your problem. If not, | |
498 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
499 see @ref{Trouble}, | |
500 @end ifclear | |
501 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
502 see the file BUGS | |
503 @end ifset | |
504 for information about how to report bugs. | |
505 | |
506 @item | |
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507 Once you have successfully compiled Octave, run @code{make install}. |
3294 | 508 |
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509 This will install a copy of Octave, its libraries, and its documentation |
3294 | 510 in the destination directory. As distributed, Octave is installed in |
511 the following directories. In the table below, @var{prefix} defaults to | |
512 @file{/usr/local}, @var{version} stands for the current version number | |
513 of the interpreter, and @var{arch} is the type of computer on which | |
514 Octave is installed (for example, @samp{i586-unknown-gnu}). | |
515 | |
516 @table @file | |
517 @item @var{prefix}/bin | |
518 Octave and other binaries that people will want to run directly. | |
519 | |
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520 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave-@var{version} |
3294 | 521 Libraries like libcruft.a and liboctave.a. |
522 | |
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523 @item @var{prefix}/octave-@var{version}/include/octave |
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524 Include files distributed with Octave. |
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525 |
3294 | 526 @item @var{prefix}/share |
527 Architecture-independent data files. | |
528 | |
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529 @item @var{prefix}/share/man/man1 |
3294 | 530 Unix-style man pages describing Octave. |
531 | |
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532 @item @var{prefix}/share/info |
3294 | 533 Info files describing Octave. |
534 | |
535 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/m | |
536 Function files distributed with Octave. This includes the Octave | |
537 version, so that multiple versions of Octave may be installed at the | |
538 same time. | |
539 | |
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540 @item @var{prefix}/libexec/octave/@var{version}/exec/@var{arch} |
3294 | 541 Executables to be run by Octave rather than the user. |
542 | |
543 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/oct/@var{arch} | |
544 Object files that will be dynamically loaded. | |
545 | |
546 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/imagelib | |
547 Image files that are distributed with Octave. | |
548 @end table | |
549 @end itemize | |
550 | |
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551 @node Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing |
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552 @section Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing |
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553 |
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554 Note: the following only applies to systems that have 64-bit pointers. |
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555 Configuring Octave with @option{--enable-64} cannot magically make a |
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556 32-bit system have a 64-bit address space. |
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557 |
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558 On 64-bit systems, Octave is limited to (approximately) the following |
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559 array sizes when using the default 32-bit indexing mode: |
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560 |
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561 @example |
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562 @group |
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563 double: 16GB |
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564 single: 8GB |
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565 uint64, int64: 16GB |
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566 uint32, int32: 8GB |
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567 uint16, int16: 4GB |
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568 uint8, int8: 2GB |
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569 @end group |
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570 @end example |
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571 |
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572 In each case, the limit is really (approximately) @math{2^{31}} elements |
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573 because of the default type of the value used for indexing arrays |
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574 (signed 32-bit integer, corresponding to the size of a Fortran INTEGER |
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575 value). |
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576 |
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577 Trying to create larger arrays will produce the following error: |
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578 |
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579 @example |
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580 @group |
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581 octave:1> a = zeros (1024*1024*1024*3, 1, 'int8'); |
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582 error: memory exhausted or requested size too large |
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583 for range of Octave's index type -- |
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584 trying to return to prompt |
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585 @end group |
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586 @end example |
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587 |
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588 @noindent |
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589 You will obtain this error even if your system has enough memory to |
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590 create this array (4 GB in the above case). |
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591 |
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592 To use arrays larger than 2 GB, Octave has to be configured with the |
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593 option @option{--enable-64}. This option is experimental and you are |
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594 encouraged to submit bug reports if you find a problem. With this |
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595 option, Octave will use 64-bit integers internally for array dimensions |
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596 and indexing. However, all numerical libraries used by Octave will |
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597 @strong{also} need to use 64-bit integers for array dimensions and |
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598 indexing. In most cases, this means they will need to be compiled from |
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599 source since most (all?) distributions which package these libraries |
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600 compile them with the default Fortran integer size, which is normally |
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601 32-bits wide. |
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602 |
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603 The following instructions were tested with the development version of |
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604 Octave and GCC 4.3.4 on an x86_64 Debian system. |
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605 |
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606 The versions listed below are the versions used for testing. If newer |
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607 versions of these packages are available, you should try to use them, |
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608 although there may be some differences. |
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609 |
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610 All libraries and header files will be installed in subdirectories of |
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611 @code{$prefix64} (you must choose the location of this directory). |
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612 |
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613 @itemize @bullet |
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614 @item @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} (@url{http://www.netlib.org/lapack}) |
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615 |
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616 Reference versions for both libraries are included in the reference |
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617 @sc{lapack} 3.2.1 distribution from @url{netlib.org}. |
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618 |
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619 @itemize @minus |
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620 @item |
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621 Copy the file @file{make.inc.example} and name it @file{make.inc}. |
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622 The options @option{-fdefault-integer-8} and @option{-fPIC} (on 64-bit |
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623 CPU) have to be added to the variable @code{OPTS} and @code{NOOPT}. |
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624 |
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625 @item |
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626 Once you have compiled this library make sure that you use it for |
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627 compiling Suite Sparse and Octave. In the following we assume that |
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628 you installed the @sc{lapack} library as $prefix64/lib/liblapack.a. |
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629 @end itemize |
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630 |
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631 @item QRUPDATE (@url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/qrupdate}) |
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632 |
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633 In the @file{Makeconf} file: |
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634 |
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635 @itemize @minus |
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636 @item |
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637 Add @option{-fdefault-integer-8} to @env{FFLAGS}. |
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638 |
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639 @item |
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640 Adjust the @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} variables as needed if your 64-bit |
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641 aware @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} libraries are in a non-standard |
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642 location. |
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643 |
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644 @item |
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645 Set @env{PREFIX} to the top-level directory of your install tree. |
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646 |
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647 @item |
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648 Run @code{make solib} to make a shared library. |
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649 |
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650 @item |
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651 Run @code{make install} to install the library. |
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652 @end itemize |
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653 |
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654 @item |
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655 SuiteSparse (@url{http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/SuiteSparse}) |
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656 |
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657 @itemize @minus |
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658 @item |
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659 In @file{UFconfig/UFconfig.mk} use the following options for |
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660 @env{CFLAGS} and @env{F77FLAGS}: |
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661 |
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662 @example |
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663 @group |
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664 CC = gcc |
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665 CFLAGS = -fPIC -O -DLP64 -DLONGBLAS='long int' -DLONG='long int' |
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666 F77 = gfortran |
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667 F77FLAGS = -fPIC -O -fdefault-integer-8 |
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668 BLAS = -L$BLAS/lib -lblas -lgfortran" |
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669 LAPACK = -L$LAPACK/lib -llapack" |
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670 @end group |
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671 @end example |
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672 |
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673 @item |
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674 Disable the GPL-incompatible @code{METIS} library: |
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675 |
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676 @example |
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677 @group |
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678 CHOLMOD_CONFIG = -DNPARTITION |
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679 SPQR_CONFIG = -DNPARTITION |
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680 METIS_PATH = |
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681 METIS = |
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682 @end group |
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683 @end example |
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684 |
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685 @item |
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686 Disable the @code{DI} versions of the @code{CHOLMOD} library files by |
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687 setting |
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688 |
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689 @example |
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690 OBJ = $(DL) |
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691 @end example |
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692 |
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693 @noindent |
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694 in @file{CHOLMOD/Lib/Makefile}. |
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695 |
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696 @item |
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697 Disable the @code{DI} versions of the @code{CHOLMOD} tests by commenting |
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698 out or deleting the following lines in @file{CHOLMOD/Demo/Makefile}: |
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699 |
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700 @example |
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701 @group |
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702 ./cholmod_demo < Matrix/bcsstk01.tri |
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703 ./cholmod_demo < Matrix/lp_afiro.tri |
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704 ./cholmod_demo < Matrix/can___24.mtx |
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705 ./cholmod_demo < Matrix/c.tri |
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706 ./cholmod_simple < Matrix/c.tri |
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707 ./cholmod_simple < Matrix/can___24.mtx |
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708 ./cholmod_simple < Matrix/bcsstk01.tri |
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709 @end group |
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710 @end example |
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711 |
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712 @item |
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713 Run @command{make} to build the libraries. |
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714 |
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715 @item |
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716 The SuiteSparse @file{Makefile} does not have an install target so |
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717 you must install the files by hand: |
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718 |
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719 @example |
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720 @group |
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721 mkdir $prefix64/include/suitesparse |
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722 cp UFconfig/UFconfig.h $prefix64/include/suitesparse |
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723 for d in AMD BTF CAMD CCOLAMD \ |
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724 CHOLMOD COLAMD CXSparse UMFPACK; do |
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725 cp $d/Lib/lib*a $prefix64/lib |
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726 cp $d/Include/*h $prefix64/include/suitesparse |
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727 done |
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728 @end group |
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729 @end example |
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730 |
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731 @item |
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732 You can generate shared versions of these libraries by doing the |
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733 following in the @file{$prefix64/lib} directory: |
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734 |
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735 @example |
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736 @group |
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737 top=$(pwd) |
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738 for f in *.a; do |
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739 mkdir tmp |
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740 cd tmp |
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741 ar vx ../$f |
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742 gcc -shared -o ../$@{f%%.a@}.so *.o |
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743 cd $top |
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744 rm -rf tmp |
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745 done |
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746 @end group |
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747 @end example |
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748 |
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749 @end itemize |
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750 |
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751 @item ATLAS instead of reference @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} |
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752 |
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753 Suggestions on how to compile ATLAS would be most welcome. |
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754 |
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755 @item @sc{glpk} |
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756 |
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757 Suggestions on how to compile @sc{glpk} would be most welcome. |
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758 |
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759 @item Qhull (@url{http://www.qhull.org}) |
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760 |
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761 Suggestions on how to compile Qhull would be most welcome. |
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762 |
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763 @item Octave |
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764 |
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765 Octave's 64-bit index support is activated with the configure option |
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766 @option{--enable-64}. |
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767 |
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768 @example |
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769 @group |
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770 ./configure \ |
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771 LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$prefix64/lib" \ |
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772 CPPFLAGS="-I$prefix64/include" LDFLAGS="-L$prefix64/lib" \ |
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773 --enable-64 |
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774 @end group |
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775 @end example |
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776 |
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777 You must ensure that all Fortran sources except those in the |
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778 @file{libcruft/ranlib} directory are compiled such that INTEGERS are |
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779 8-bytes wide. If you are using gfortan, the configure script should |
12575
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780 automatically set the Makefile variable @w{@env{F77_INTEGER_8_FLAG}} to |
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781 @option{-fdefault-integer-8}. If you are using another compiler, you |
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782 must set this variable yourself. You should NOT set this flag in |
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783 @env{FFLAGS}, otherwise the files in @file{libcruft/ranlib} will be |
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784 miscompiled. |
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785 |
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786 @item Other dependencies |
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787 |
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788 Probably nothing special needs to be done for the following |
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789 dependencies. If you discover that something does need to be done, |
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790 please submit a bug report. |
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791 |
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792 @itemize @minus |
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Use PCRE regular expressions throughout Octave.
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793 @item pcre |
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794 |
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795 @item zlib |
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796 |
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797 @item hdf5 |
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798 |
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799 @item fftw3 |
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800 |
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801 @item cURL |
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802 |
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803 @item GraphicsMagick++ |
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804 |
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805 @item OpenGL |
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806 |
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807 @item freetype |
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808 |
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809 @item fontconfig |
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810 |
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811 @item fltk |
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812 @end itemize |
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813 |
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814 @end itemize |
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815 |
4167 | 816 @node Installation Problems |
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817 @section Installation Problems |
3294 | 818 |
819 This section contains a list of problems (and some apparent problems | |
820 that don't really mean anything is wrong) that may show up during | |
821 installation of Octave. | |
822 | |
823 @itemize @bullet | |
824 @item | |
825 On some SCO systems, @code{info} fails to compile if | |
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826 @w{@code{HAVE_TERMIOS_H}} is defined in @file{config.h}. Simply |
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827 removing the definition from @file{info/config.h} should allow it to |
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828 compile. |
3294 | 829 |
830 @item | |
831 If @code{configure} finds @code{dlopen}, @code{dlsym}, @code{dlclose}, | |
832 and @code{dlerror}, but not the header file @file{dlfcn.h}, you need to | |
833 find the source for the header file and install it in the directory | |
834 @file{usr/include}. This is reportedly a problem with Slackware 3.1. | |
835 For Linux/GNU systems, the source for @file{dlfcn.h} is in the | |
836 @code{ldso} package. | |
837 | |
838 @item | |
839 Building @file{.oct} files doesn't work. | |
840 | |
841 You should probably have a shared version of @code{libstdc++}. A patch | |
842 is needed to build shared versions of version 2.7.2 of @code{libstdc++} | |
843 on the HP-PA architecture. You can find the patch at | |
844 @url{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/g++/libg++-2.7.2-hppa-gcc-fix}. | |
845 | |
846 @item | |
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847 On some DEC alpha systems there may be a problem with the @code{libdxml} |
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848 library, resulting in floating point errors and/or segmentation faults |
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849 in the linear algebra routines called by Octave. If you encounter such |
3464 | 850 problems, then you should modify the configure script so that |
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851 @w{@code{SPECIAL_MATH_LIB}} is not set to @code{-ldxml}. |
3464 | 852 |
853 @item | |
3294 | 854 On FreeBSD systems Octave may hang while initializing some internal |
855 constants. The fix appears to be to use | |
856 | |
857 @example | |
858 options GPL_MATH_EMULATE | |
859 @end example | |
860 | |
861 @noindent | |
862 rather than | |
863 | |
864 @example | |
865 options MATH_EMULATE | |
866 @end example | |
867 | |
868 @noindent | |
869 in the kernel configuration files (typically found in the directory | |
870 @file{/sys/i386/conf}. After making this change, you'll need to rebuild | |
871 the kernel, install it, and reboot. | |
872 | |
873 @item | |
874 If you encounter errors like | |
875 | |
6670 | 876 @example |
3294 | 877 @group |
878 passing `void (*)()' as argument 2 of | |
879 `octave_set_signal_handler(int, void (*)(int))' | |
880 @end group | |
6670 | 881 @end example |
3294 | 882 |
883 @noindent | |
884 or | |
885 | |
6670 | 886 @example |
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887 @group |
7081 | 888 warning: ANSI C++ prohibits conversion from `(int)' |
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889 to `(@dots{})' |
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890 @end group |
6670 | 891 @end example |
3294 | 892 |
893 @noindent | |
894 while compiling @file{sighandlers.cc}, you may need to edit some files | |
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895 in the @code{gcc} include subdirectory to add proper prototypes for |
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896 functions there. For example, Ultrix 4.2 needs proper declarations for |
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897 the @code{signal} function and the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro in the file |
3294 | 898 @file{signal.h}. |
899 | |
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900 On some systems the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro is defined to be something |
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901 like this: |
3294 | 902 |
903 @example | |
904 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)())1 | |
905 @end example | |
906 | |
907 @noindent | |
908 when it should really be something like: | |
909 | |
910 @example | |
911 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)(int))1 | |
912 @end example | |
913 | |
914 @noindent | |
915 to match the prototype declaration for the @code{signal} function. This | |
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916 change should also be made for the @w{@code{SIG_DFL}} and |
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917 @w{@code{SIG_ERR}} symbols. It may be necessary to change the |
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918 definitions in @file{sys/signal.h} as well. |
3294 | 919 |
920 The @code{gcc} @code{fixincludes} and @code{fixproto} scripts should | |
921 probably fix these problems when @code{gcc} installs its modified set of | |
922 header files, but I don't think that's been done yet. | |
923 | |
924 @strong{You should not change the files in @file{/usr/include}}. You | |
925 can find the @code{gcc} include directory tree by running the command | |
926 | |
927 @example | |
928 gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | |
929 @end example | |
930 | |
931 @noindent | |
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932 The directory of @code{gcc} include files normally begins in the same |
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933 directory that contains the file @file{libgcc.a}. |
3294 | 934 |
935 @item | |
936 Some of the Fortran subroutines may fail to compile with older versions | |
937 of the Sun Fortran compiler. If you get errors like | |
938 | |
6670 | 939 @example |
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940 @group |
3294 | 941 zgemm.f: |
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942 zgemm: |
3294 | 943 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree |
944 zgemm.f, line 245: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
945 expression subtree | |
946 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
947 zgemm.f, line 304: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
948 expression subtree | |
949 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
950 zgemm.f, line 327: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
951 expression subtree | |
952 pcc_binval: missing IR_CONV in complex op | |
953 make[2]: *** [zgemm.o] Error 1 | |
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954 @end group |
6670 | 955 @end example |
3294 | 956 |
957 @noindent | |
958 when compiling the Fortran subroutines in the @file{libcruft} | |
959 subdirectory, you should either upgrade your compiler or try compiling | |
960 with optimization turned off. | |
961 | |
962 @item | |
963 On NeXT systems, if you get errors like this: | |
964 | |
965 @example | |
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966 @group |
7081 | 967 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local |
968 symbol LBB7656 | |
969 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local | |
970 symbol LBE7656 | |
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971 @end group |
3294 | 972 @end example |
973 | |
974 @noindent | |
975 when compiling @file{Array.cc} and @file{Matrix.cc}, try recompiling | |
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976 these files without @option{-g}. |
3294 | 977 |
978 @item | |
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979 Some people have reported that calls to system() and the pager do not |
3294 | 980 work on SunOS systems. This is apparently due to having |
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981 @w{@code{G_HAVE_SYS_WAIT}} defined to be 0 instead of 1 when compiling |
3294 | 982 @code{libg++}. |
983 | |
984 @item | |
985 On NeXT systems, linking to @file{libsys_s.a} may fail to resolve the | |
986 following functions | |
987 | |
988 @example | |
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989 @group |
3294 | 990 _tcgetattr |
991 _tcsetattr | |
992 _tcflow | |
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993 @end group |
3294 | 994 @end example |
995 | |
996 @noindent | |
997 which are part of @file{libposix.a}. Unfortunately, linking Octave with | |
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998 @option{-posix} results in the following undefined symbols. |
3294 | 999 |
1000 @example | |
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1001 @group |
3294 | 1002 .destructors_used |
1003 .constructors_used | |
1004 _objc_msgSend | |
1005 _NXGetDefaultValue | |
1006 _NXRegisterDefaults | |
1007 .objc_class_name_NXStringTable | |
1008 .objc_class_name_NXBundle | |
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1009 @end group |
3294 | 1010 @end example |
1011 | |
1012 One kluge around this problem is to extract @file{termios.o} from | |
1013 @file{libposix.a}, put it in Octave's @file{src} directory, and add it | |
1014 to the list of files to link together in the makefile. Suggestions for | |
1015 better ways to solve this problem are welcome! | |
1016 | |
1017 @item | |
1018 If Octave crashes immediately with a floating point exception, it is | |
1019 likely that it is failing to initialize the IEEE floating point values | |
1020 for infinity and NaN. | |
1021 | |
1022 If your system actually does support IEEE arithmetic, you should be able | |
1023 to fix this problem by modifying the function @code{octave_ieee_init} in | |
1024 the file @file{lo-ieee.cc} to correctly initialize Octave's internal | |
1025 infinity and NaN variables. | |
1026 | |
1027 If your system does not support IEEE arithmetic but Octave's configure | |
1028 script incorrectly determined that it does, you can work around the | |
1029 problem by editing the file @file{config.h} to not define | |
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1030 @w{@code{HAVE_ISINF}}, @w{@code{HAVE_FINITE}}, and |
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1031 @w{@code{HAVE_ISNAN}}. |
3294 | 1032 |
1033 In any case, please report this as a bug since it might be possible to | |
1034 modify Octave's configuration script to automatically determine the | |
1035 proper thing to do. | |
1036 | |
7144 | 1037 @item |
1038 If Octave is unable to find a header file because it is installed in a | |
1039 location that is not normally searched by the compiler, you can add the | |
1040 directory to the include search path by specifying (for example) | |
1041 @code{CPPFLAGS=-I/some/nonstandard/directory} as an argument to | |
1042 @code{configure}. Other variables that can be specified this way are | |
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1043 @env{CFLAGS}, @env{CXXFLAGS}, @env{FFLAGS}, and @env{LDFLAGS}. Passing |
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1044 them as options to the configure script also records them in the |
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1045 @file{config.status} file. By default, @env{CPPFLAGS} and @env{LDFLAGS} |
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1046 are empty, @env{CFLAGS} and @env{CXXFLAGS} are set to @code{"-g -O"} and |
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1047 @env{FFLAGS} is set to @code{"-O"}. |
7144 | 1048 |
3294 | 1049 @end itemize |