Mercurial > octave-nkf
annotate doc/interpreter/install.txi @ 18713:a142f35f3cb6
doc: Fix unbalanced parentheses in documentation.
* errors.txi, install.txi, sparse.txi, vectorize.txi: Fix unbalanced
parentheses.
* data.cc (Fall, Feye): Fix unbalanced parentheses.
* rand.cc (Frandn, Frande): Fix unbalanced parentheses.
* amd.cc (Famd): Fix unbalanced parentheses.
* ccolamd.cc (Fccolamd): Fix unbalanced parentheses.
* DASPK-opts.in: Fix unbalanced parentheses.
* cplxpair.m, javamem.m, glpk.m, area.m, peaks.m, hgload.m, hotelling_test_2.m,
hgsave.m: Fix unbalanced parentheses.
author | Rik <rik@octave.org> |
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date | Fri, 25 Apr 2014 15:49:03 -0700 |
parents | 8671f39d1728 |
children | 19a140e93b1f |
rev | line source |
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1 @c Copyright (C) 1996-2013 John W. Eaton |
7018 | 2 @c |
3 @c This file is part of Octave. | |
4 @c | |
5 @c Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
6 @c under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
7 @c Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at | |
8 @c your option) any later version. | |
9 @c | |
10 @c Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | |
11 @c ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | |
12 @c FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License | |
13 @c for more details. | |
14 @c | |
15 @c You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
16 @c along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see | |
17 @c <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
3294 | 18 |
7018 | 19 @c The text of this file appears in the file INSTALL in the Octave |
20 @c distribution, as well as in the Octave manual. | |
3294 | 21 |
22 @ifclear INSTALLONLY | |
4167 | 23 @node Installation |
3294 | 24 @appendix Installing Octave |
25 @end ifclear | |
26 | |
27 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
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28 @include macros.texi |
3294 | 29 |
30 This file documents the installation of Octave. | |
31 | |
32 Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
33 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the | |
34 Free Software Foundation. | |
35 | |
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36 @strong{Note}: This file is automatically generated from |
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37 @file{doc/interpreter/install.txi} in the Octave sources. To update |
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38 the documentation make changes to the .txi source file rather than this |
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39 derived file. |
7144 | 40 |
4167 | 41 @node Installation |
3294 | 42 @chapter Installing Octave |
43 @end ifset | |
44 | |
45 @cindex installing Octave | |
46 | |
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47 The procedure for installing Octave from source on a Unix-like system is |
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48 described next. Building on other platforms will follow similar |
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49 steps. Note that this description applies to Octave releases. Building |
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50 the development sources from the Mercurial archive requires additional |
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51 steps as described in @ref{Building the Development Sources}. |
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52 |
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53 @menu |
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54 * Build Dependencies:: |
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55 * Running Configure and Make:: |
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56 * Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing:: |
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57 * Installation Problems:: |
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58 @end menu |
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59 |
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60 @node Build Dependencies |
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61 @section Build Dependencies |
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62 |
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63 Octave is a fairly large program with many build dependencies. You may |
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64 be able to find pre-packaged versions of the dependencies distributed as |
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65 part of your system, or you may have to build some or all of them |
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66 yourself. |
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67 |
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68 @menu |
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69 * Obtaining the Dependencies Automatically:: |
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70 * Build Tools:: |
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71 * External Packages:: |
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72 @end menu |
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73 |
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74 @node Obtaining the Dependencies Automatically |
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75 @subsection Obtaining the Dependencies Automatically |
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76 |
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77 On some systems you can obtain many of Octave's build dependencies |
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78 automatically. The commands for doing this vary by system. Similarly, |
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79 the names of pre-compiled packages vary by system and do not always |
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80 match exactly the names listed in @ref{Build Tools} and @ref{External |
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81 Packages}. |
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82 |
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83 You will usually need the development version of an external dependency |
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84 so that you get the libraries and header files for building software, |
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85 not just for running already compiled programs. These packages |
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86 typically have names that end with the suffix @code{-dev} or @code{-devel}. |
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87 |
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88 On systems with @code{apt-get} (Debian, Ubuntu, etc.), you may be able |
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89 to install most of the tools and external packages using a command |
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90 similar to |
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91 |
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92 @example |
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93 apt-get build-dep octave |
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94 @end example |
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95 |
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96 @noindent |
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97 The specific package name may be @code{octave3.2} or @code{octave3.4}. |
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98 The set of required tools and external dependencies does not change |
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99 frequently, so it is not important that the version match exactly, but |
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100 you should use the most recent one available. |
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101 |
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102 On systems with @code{yum} (Fedora, Red Hat, etc.), you may be able to |
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103 install most of the tools and external packages using a command similar to |
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104 |
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105 @example |
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106 yum-builddep octave |
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107 @end example |
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108 |
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109 @noindent |
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110 The @code{yum-builddep} utility is part of the @code{yum-utils} package. |
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111 |
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112 For either type of system, the package name may include a version |
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113 number. The set of required tools and external dependencies does not |
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114 change frequently, so it is not important that the version exactly match |
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115 the version you are installing, but you should use the most recent one |
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116 available. |
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117 |
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118 @node Build Tools |
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119 @subsection Build Tools |
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120 |
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121 The following tools are required: |
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122 |
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123 @table @asis |
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124 @item C++, C, and Fortran compilers |
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125 The Octave sources are primarily written in C++, but some portions are |
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126 also written in C and Fortran. The Octave sources are intended to be |
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127 portable. Recent versions of the GNU compiler collection (GCC) should |
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128 work (@url{http://gcc.gnu.org}). If you use GCC, you should avoid |
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129 mixing versions. For example, be sure that you are not using the |
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130 obsolete @code{g77} Fortran compiler with modern versions of @code{gcc} |
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131 and @code{g++}. |
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132 |
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133 @item GNU Make |
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134 Tool for building software (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/make}). |
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135 Octave's build system requires GNU Make. Other versions of Make will |
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136 not work. Fortunately, GNU Make is highly portable and easy to install. |
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137 |
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138 @item AWK, sed, and other Unix utilities |
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139 Basic Unix system utilities are required for building Octave. All will |
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140 be available with any modern Unix system and also on Windows with either |
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141 Cygwin or MinGW and MSYS. |
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142 @end table |
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143 |
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144 Additionally, the following tools may be needed: |
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145 |
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146 @table @asis |
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147 @item Bison |
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148 Parser generator (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/bison}). |
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149 You will need Bison if you modify the @code{oct-parse.yy} source file or |
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150 if you delete the files that are generated from it. |
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151 |
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152 @item Flex |
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153 Lexer analyzer (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/flex}). You will need |
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154 Flex if you modify the @code{lex.ll} source file or if you delete the |
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155 files that are generated from it. |
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156 |
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157 @item Autoconf |
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158 Package for software configuration |
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159 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf}). Autoconf is required if |
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160 you modify Octave's @code{configure.ac} file or other files that it |
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161 requires. |
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162 |
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163 @item Automake |
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164 Package for Makefile generation |
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165 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/automake}). Automake is required if |
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166 you modify Octave's @code{Makefile.am} files or other files that they |
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167 depend on. |
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168 |
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169 @item Libtool |
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170 Package for building software libraries |
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171 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/libtool}). Libtool is required by |
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172 Automake. |
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173 |
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174 @item gperf |
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175 Perfect hash function generator (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/gperf}). |
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176 You will need gperf if you modify the @code{octave.gperf} file or if you |
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177 delete the file that is generated from it. |
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178 |
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179 @item Texinfo |
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180 Package for generating online and print documentation |
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181 (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo}). You will need Texinfo to |
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182 build Octave's documentation or if you modify the documentation source |
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183 files or the docstring of any Octave function. |
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184 @end table |
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185 |
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186 @node External Packages |
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187 @subsection External Packages |
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188 |
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189 The following external packages are required: |
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190 |
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191 @table @asis |
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192 @item BLAS |
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193 Basic Linear Algebra Subroutine library |
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194 (@url{http://www.netlib.org/blas}). Accelerated @sc{blas} libraries such as |
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195 ATLAS (@url{http://math-atlas.sourceforge.net}) are recommeded for |
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196 better performance. |
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197 |
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198 @item LAPACK |
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199 Linear Algebra Package (@url{http://www.netlib.org/lapack}). |
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200 |
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201 @item PCRE |
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202 The Perl Compatible Regular Expression library (@url{http://www.pcre.org}). |
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203 @end table |
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204 |
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205 The following external package is optional but strongly recommended: |
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206 |
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207 @table @asis |
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208 @item GNU Readline |
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209 Command-line editing library (@url{www.gnu.org/s/readline}). |
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210 @end table |
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211 |
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212 If you wish to build Octave without GNU readline installed, you must use |
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213 the @option{--disable-readline} option when running the configure script. |
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214 |
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215 The following external software packages are optional but recommended: |
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216 |
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217 @table @asis |
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218 @item ARPACK |
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219 Library for the solution of large-scale eigenvalue problems |
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220 (@url{http://forge.scilab.org/index.php/p/arpack-ng}). @sc{arpack} is |
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221 required to provide the functions @code{eigs} and @code{svds}. |
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222 |
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223 @item cURL |
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224 Library for transferring data with URL syntax |
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225 (@url{http://curl.haxx.se}). cURL is required to provide the |
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226 @code{urlread} and @code{urlwrite} functions and the @code{ftp} class. |
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227 |
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228 @item FFTW3 |
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229 Library for computing discrete Fourier transforms |
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230 (@url{http://www.fftw.org}). FFTW3 is used to provide better |
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231 performance for functions that compute discrete Fourier transforms |
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232 (@code{fft}, @code{ifft}, @code{fft2}, etc.) |
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233 |
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234 @item FLTK |
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235 Portable GUI toolkit (@url{http://www.fltk.org}). FLTK is currently |
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236 used to provide windows for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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237 |
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238 @item fontconfig |
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239 Library for configuring and customizing font access |
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240 (@url{http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/fontconfig}). Fontconfig |
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241 is used to manage fonts for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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242 |
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243 @item FreeType |
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244 Portable font engine (@url{http://www.freetype.org}). FreeType is used |
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245 to perform font rendering for Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions. |
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246 |
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247 @item GLPK |
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248 GNU Linear Programming Kit (@url{http://www.gnu.org/software/glpk}). |
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249 GPLK is required for the function @code{glpk}. |
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250 |
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251 @item @nospell{gl2ps} |
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252 OpenGL to PostScript printing library (@url{http://www.geuz.org/gl2ps/}). |
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253 @nospell{gl2ps} is required for printing when using the FLTK toolkit. |
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254 |
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255 @item gnuplot |
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256 Interactive graphics program (@url{http://www.gnuplot.info}). gnuplot |
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257 is currently the default graphics renderer for Octave. |
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258 |
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259 @item GraphicsMagick++ |
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260 Image processing library (@url{http://www.graphicsmagick.org}). |
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261 GraphicsMagick++ is used to provide the @code{imread} and @code{imwrite} |
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262 functions. |
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263 |
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264 @item HDF5 |
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265 Library for manipulating portable data files |
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266 (@url{http://www.hdfgroup.org/HDF5}). @sc{hdf5} is required for Octave's |
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267 @code{load} and @code{save} commands to read and write HDF data files. |
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268 |
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269 @item Java Development Kit |
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270 Java programming language compiler and libraries. The OpenJDK free |
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271 software implementation is recommended (@url{http://openjdk.java.net/}), |
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272 although other JDK implementations may work. Java is required to be able |
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273 to call Java functions from within Octave. |
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274 |
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275 @item LLVM |
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276 Compiler framework, (@url{http://www.llvm.org}). LLVM is required for |
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277 Octave's experimental just-in-time (JIT) compilation for speeding up the |
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278 interpreter. |
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279 |
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280 @item OpenGL |
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281 API for portable 2-D and 3-D graphics (@url{http://www.opengl.org}). An |
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282 OpenGL implementation is required to provide Octave's OpenGL-based |
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283 graphics functions. Octave's OpenGL-based graphics functions usually |
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284 outperform the gnuplot-based graphics functions because plot data can be |
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285 rendered directly instead of sending data and commands to gnuplot for |
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286 interpretation and rendering. |
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287 |
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288 @item Qhull |
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289 Computational geometry library (@url{http://www.qhull.org}). Qhull is |
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290 required to provide the functions @code{convhull}, @code{convhulln}, |
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291 @code{delaunay}, @code{delaunay3}, @code{delaunayn}, @code{voronoi}, and |
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292 @code{voronoin}. |
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293 |
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294 @item QRUPDATE |
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295 QR factorization updating library |
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296 (@url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/qrupdate}). QRUPDATE is used to |
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297 provide improved performance for the functions @code{qrdelete}, |
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298 @code{qrinsert}, @code{qrshift}, and @code{qrupdate}. |
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299 |
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300 @item QScintilla |
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301 Source code highlighter and manipulator; a Qt port of Scintilla |
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302 (@url{http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/software/qscintilla}). |
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303 QScintilla is used for syntax highlighting and code completion in the |
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304 GUI. |
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305 |
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306 @item Qt |
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307 GUI and utility libraries (@url{}). Qt is required for building the GUI. |
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308 It is a large framework, but the only components required are the GUI, |
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309 core, and network modules. |
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310 |
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311 @item SuiteSparse |
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312 Sparse matrix factorization library |
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313 (@url{http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/SuiteSparse}). |
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314 SuiteSparse is required to provide sparse matrix factorizations and |
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315 solution of linear equations for sparse systems. |
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316 |
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317 @item zlib |
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318 Data compression library (@url{http://zlib.net}). The zlib library is |
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319 required for Octave's @code{load} and @code{save} commands to handle |
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320 compressed data, including @sc{matlab} v5 MAT files. |
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321 @end table |
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322 |
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323 @node Running Configure and Make |
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324 @section Running Configure and Make |
3294 | 325 |
326 @itemize @bullet | |
327 @item | |
328 Run the shell script @file{configure}. This will determine the features | |
329 your system has (or doesn't have) and create a file named | |
330 @file{Makefile} from each of the files named @file{Makefile.in}. | |
331 | |
332 Here is a summary of the configure options that are most frequently used | |
333 when building Octave: | |
334 | |
335 @table @code | |
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336 @item --help |
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337 Print a summary of the options recognized by the configure script. |
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338 |
3294 | 339 @item --prefix=@var{prefix} |
340 Install Octave in subdirectories below @var{prefix}. The default value | |
341 of @var{prefix} is @file{/usr/local}. | |
342 | |
343 @item --srcdir=@var{dir} | |
344 Look for Octave sources in the directory @var{dir}. | |
345 | |
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346 @item --enable-64 |
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347 This is an @strong{experimental} option to enable Octave to use 64-bit |
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348 integers for array dimensions and indexing on 64-bit platforms. You |
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349 probably don't want to use this option unless you know what you are |
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350 doing. @xref{Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing}, for more details |
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351 about building Octave with this option. |
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352 |
7091 | 353 @item --enable-bounds-check |
354 Enable bounds checking for indexing operators in the internal array | |
355 classes. This option is primarily used for debugging Octave. Building | |
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356 Octave with this option has a negative impact on performance and is not |
7091 | 357 recommended for general use. |
3294 | 358 |
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359 @item --disable-docs |
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360 Disable building all forms of the documentation (Info, PDF, HTML). The |
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361 default is to build documentation, but your system will need functioning |
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362 Texinfo and @TeX{} installs for this to succeed. |
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363 |
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364 @item --enable-float-truncate |
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365 This option allows for truncation of intermediate floating point results |
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366 in calculations. It is only necessary for certain platforms. |
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367 |
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368 @item --enable-readline |
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369 Use the readline library to provide for editing of the command line in |
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370 terminal environments. This option is on by default. |
3294 | 371 |
372 @item --enable-shared | |
7091 | 373 Create shared libraries (this is the default). If you are planning to |
374 use the dynamic loading features, you will probably want to use this | |
375 option. It will make your @file{.oct} files much smaller and on some | |
376 systems it may be necessary to build shared libraries in order to use | |
377 dynamically linked functions. | |
3294 | 378 |
379 You may also want to build a shared version of @code{libstdc++}, if your | |
7081 | 380 system doesn't already have one. |
3294 | 381 |
382 @item --enable-dl | |
383 Use @code{dlopen} and friends to make Octave capable of dynamically | |
7091 | 384 linking externally compiled functions (this is the default if |
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385 @option{--enable-shared} is specified). This option only works on |
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386 systems that actually have these functions. If you plan on using this |
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387 feature, you should probably also use @option{--enable-shared} to reduce |
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388 the size of your @file{.oct} files. |
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389 |
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390 @item --with-blas=<lib> |
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391 By default, configure looks for the best @sc{blas} matrix libraries on |
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392 your system, including optimized implementations such as the free ATLAS |
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393 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of an optimized |
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394 @sc{blas} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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395 operations.) Use this option to specify a particular @sc{blas} library |
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396 that Octave should use. |
3294 | 397 |
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398 @item --with-lapack=<lib> |
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399 By default, configure looks for the best @sc{lapack} matrix libraries on |
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400 your system, including optimized implementations such as the free ATLAS |
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401 3.0, as well as vendor-tuned libraries. (The use of an optimized |
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402 @sc{lapack} will generally result in several-times faster matrix |
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403 operations.) Use this option to specify a particular @sc{lapack} |
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404 library that Octave should use. |
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405 |
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406 @item --with-magick=<lib> |
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407 Select the library to use for image I/O@. The two possible values are |
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408 @qcode{"GraphicsMagick"} (default) or @qcode{"ImageMagick"}. |
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409 |
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410 @item --with-sepchar=<char> |
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411 Use <char> as the path separation character. This option can help when |
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412 running Octave on non-Unix systems. |
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413 |
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414 @item --without-amd |
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415 Don't use @sc{amd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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416 |
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417 @item --without-camd |
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418 Don't use @sc{camd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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419 |
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420 @item --without-colamd |
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421 Don't use @sc{colamd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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423 @item --without-ccolamd | |
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424 Don't use @sc{ccolamd}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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426 @item --without-cholmod |
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427 Don't use @sc{cholmod}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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429 @item --without-curl | |
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430 Don't use the cURL library, disable the ftp objects, @code{urlread} and |
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431 @code{urlwrite} functions. |
3294 | 432 |
7091 | 433 @item --without-cxsparse |
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434 Don't use @sc{cxsparse}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
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436 @item --without-fftw3 |
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437 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library for computing Fast Fourier |
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438 Transforms instead of the @sc{fftw3} library. |
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440 @item --without-fftw3f |
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441 Use the included @sc{fftpack} library for computing Fast Fourier |
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442 Transforms instead of the @sc{fftw3} library when operating on single |
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443 precision (float) values. |
3294 | 444 |
7091 | 445 @item --without-glpk |
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446 Don't use the @sc{glpk} library for linear programming. |
7091 | 447 |
448 @item --without-hdf5 | |
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449 Don't use the @sc{hdf5} library, disable reading and writing of |
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450 @sc{hdf5} files. |
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451 |
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452 @item --without-opengl |
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453 Don't use OpenGL, disable native graphics toolkit for plotting. You |
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454 will need @code{gnuplot} installed in order to make plots. |
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455 |
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456 @item --without-qhull |
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457 Don't use Qhull, disable @code{delaunay}, @code{convhull}, and |
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458 related functions. |
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459 |
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460 @item --without-qrupdate |
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461 Don't use @sc{qrupdate}, disable QR and Cholesky update functions. |
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462 |
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463 @item --without-umfpack |
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464 Don't use @sc{umfpack}, disable some sparse matrix functionality. |
7091 | 465 |
466 @item --without-zlib | |
467 Don't use the zlib library, disable data file compression and support | |
468 for recent MAT file formats. | |
469 | |
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470 @item --without-framework-carbon |
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471 Don't use framework Carbon headers, libraries, or specific source code |
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472 even if the configure test succeeds (the default is to use Carbon |
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473 framework if available). This is a platform specific configure option |
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474 for Mac systems. |
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475 |
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476 @item --without-framework-opengl |
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477 Don't use framework OpenGL headers, libraries, or specific source code |
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478 even if the configure test succeeds. If this option is given then |
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479 OpenGL headers and libraries in standard system locations are tested |
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480 (the default value is @option{--with-framework-opengl}). This is a |
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481 platform specific configure option for Mac systems. |
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482 |
3294 | 483 @end table |
484 | |
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485 See the file @file{INSTALL} for more general information about the |
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486 command line options used by configure. That file also contains |
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487 instructions for compiling in a directory other than the one where |
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488 the source is located. |
3294 | 489 |
490 @item | |
491 Run make. | |
492 | |
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493 You will need a recent version of GNU Make as Octave relies on certain |
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494 features not generally available in all versions of make. Modifying |
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495 Octave's makefiles to work with other make programs is probably not |
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496 worth your time; instead, we simply recommend installing GNU Make. |
3294 | 497 |
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498 There are currently two options for plotting in Octave: (1) the external |
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499 program gnuplot, or (2) the internal graphics engine using OpenGL and |
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500 FLTK@. Gnuplot is a command-driven interactive function plotting |
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501 program. Gnuplot is copyrighted, but freely distributable. As of |
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502 Octave release 3.4, gnuplot is the default option for plotting. But, |
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503 the internal graphics engine is nearly 100% compatible, certainly for |
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504 most ordinary plots, and users are encouraged to test it. It is |
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505 anticipated that the internal engine will become the default option at |
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506 the next major release of Octave. |
3294 | 507 |
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508 To compile Octave, you will need a recent version of @code{g++} or other |
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509 ANSI C++ compiler. In addition, you will need a Fortran 77 compiler or |
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510 @code{f2c}. If you use @code{f2c}, you will need a script like |
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511 @code{fort77} that works like a normal Fortran compiler by combining |
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512 @code{f2c} with your C compiler in a single script. |
3294 | 513 |
514 If you plan to modify the parser you will also need GNU @code{bison} and | |
515 @code{flex}. If you modify the documentation, you will need GNU | |
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516 Texinfo. |
3294 | 517 |
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518 GNU Make, @code{gcc} (and @code{libstdc++}), @code{gnuplot}, |
3294 | 519 @code{bison}, @code{flex}, and Texinfo are all available from many |
520 anonymous ftp archives. The primary site is @url{ftp.gnu.org}, but it | |
521 is often very busy. A list of sites that mirror the software on | |
522 @url{ftp.gnu.org} is available by anonymous ftp from | |
523 @url{ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/GNUinfo/FTP}. | |
524 | |
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525 Octave requires approximately 1.4 GB of disk storage to unpack and |
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526 compile from source (significantly less, 400 MB, if you don't compile |
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527 with debugging symbols). To compile without debugging symbols try the |
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528 command |
3294 | 529 |
530 @example | |
531 make CFLAGS=-O CXXFLAGS=-O LDFLAGS= | |
532 @end example | |
533 | |
534 @noindent | |
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535 instead of just @command{make}. |
3294 | 536 |
537 @item | |
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538 If you encounter errors while compiling Octave, first |
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539 see @ref{Installation Problems} for a list of |
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540 known problems and if there is a workaround or solution for |
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541 your problem. If not, see |
3294 | 542 @ifclear INSTALLONLY |
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543 @ref{Trouble} |
3294 | 544 @end ifclear |
545 @ifset INSTALLONLY | |
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546 the file BUGS |
3294 | 547 @end ifset |
548 for information about how to report bugs. | |
549 | |
550 @item | |
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551 Once you have successfully compiled Octave, run @code{make install}. |
3294 | 552 |
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553 This will install a copy of Octave, its libraries, and its documentation |
3294 | 554 in the destination directory. As distributed, Octave is installed in |
555 the following directories. In the table below, @var{prefix} defaults to | |
556 @file{/usr/local}, @var{version} stands for the current version number | |
557 of the interpreter, and @var{arch} is the type of computer on which | |
558 Octave is installed (for example, @samp{i586-unknown-gnu}). | |
559 | |
560 @table @file | |
561 @item @var{prefix}/bin | |
562 Octave and other binaries that people will want to run directly. | |
563 | |
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564 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave-@var{version} |
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565 Libraries like liboctave.a and liboctinterp.a. |
3294 | 566 |
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567 @item @var{prefix}/octave-@var{version}/include/octave |
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568 Include files distributed with Octave. |
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569 |
3294 | 570 @item @var{prefix}/share |
571 Architecture-independent data files. | |
572 | |
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573 @item @var{prefix}/share/man/man1 |
3294 | 574 Unix-style man pages describing Octave. |
575 | |
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576 @item @var{prefix}/share/info |
3294 | 577 Info files describing Octave. |
578 | |
579 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/m | |
580 Function files distributed with Octave. This includes the Octave | |
581 version, so that multiple versions of Octave may be installed at the | |
582 same time. | |
583 | |
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584 @item @var{prefix}/libexec/octave/@var{version}/exec/@var{arch} |
3294 | 585 Executables to be run by Octave rather than the user. |
586 | |
587 @item @var{prefix}/lib/octave/@var{version}/oct/@var{arch} | |
588 Object files that will be dynamically loaded. | |
589 | |
590 @item @var{prefix}/share/octave/@var{version}/imagelib | |
591 Image files that are distributed with Octave. | |
592 @end table | |
593 @end itemize | |
594 | |
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595 @node Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing |
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596 @section Compiling Octave with 64-bit Indexing |
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597 |
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598 Note: the following only applies to systems that have 64-bit pointers. |
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599 Configuring Octave with @option{--enable-64} cannot magically make a |
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600 32-bit system have a 64-bit address space. |
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601 |
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602 On 64-bit systems, Octave is limited to (approximately) the following |
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603 array sizes when using the default 32-bit indexing mode: |
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604 |
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605 @example |
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606 @group |
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607 double: 16GB |
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608 single: 8GB |
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609 uint64, int64: 16GB |
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610 uint32, int32: 8GB |
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611 uint16, int16: 4GB |
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612 uint8, int8: 2GB |
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613 @end group |
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614 @end example |
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615 |
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616 In each case, the limit is really (approximately) @math{2^{31}} elements |
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617 because of the default type of the value used for indexing arrays |
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618 (signed 32-bit integer, corresponding to the size of a Fortran INTEGER |
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619 value). |
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620 |
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621 Trying to create larger arrays will produce the following error: |
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622 |
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623 @example |
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624 @group |
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625 octave:1> a = zeros (1024*1024*1024*3, 1, 'int8'); |
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626 error: memory exhausted or requested size too large |
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627 for range of Octave's index type -- |
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628 trying to return to prompt |
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629 @end group |
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630 @end example |
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631 |
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632 @noindent |
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633 You will obtain this error even if your system has enough memory to |
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634 create this array (4 GB in the above case). |
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635 |
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636 To use arrays larger than 2 GB, Octave has to be configured with the |
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637 option @option{--enable-64}. This option is experimental and you are |
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638 encouraged to submit bug reports if you find a problem. With this |
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639 option, Octave will use 64-bit integers internally for array dimensions |
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640 and indexing. However, all numerical libraries used by Octave will |
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641 @strong{also} need to use 64-bit integers for array dimensions and |
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642 indexing. In most cases, this means they will need to be compiled from |
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643 source since most (all?) distributions which package these libraries |
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644 compile them with the default Fortran integer size, which is normally |
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645 32-bits wide. |
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646 |
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647 The following instructions were tested with the development version of |
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648 Octave and GCC 4.3.4 on an x86_64 Debian system. |
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649 |
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650 The versions listed below are the versions used for testing. If newer |
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651 versions of these packages are available, you should try to use them, |
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652 although there may be some differences. |
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653 |
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654 All libraries and header files will be installed in subdirectories of |
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655 @code{$prefix64} (you must choose the location of this directory). |
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656 |
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657 @itemize @bullet |
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658 @item @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} (@url{http://www.netlib.org/lapack}) |
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659 |
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660 Reference versions for both libraries are included in the reference |
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661 @sc{lapack} 3.2.1 distribution from @url{netlib.org}. |
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662 |
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663 @itemize @minus |
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664 @item |
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665 Copy the file @file{make.inc.example} and name it @file{make.inc}. |
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666 The options @option{-fdefault-integer-8} and @option{-fPIC} (on 64-bit |
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667 CPU) have to be added to the variable @code{OPTS} and @code{NOOPT}. |
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668 |
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669 @item |
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670 Once you have compiled this library make sure that you use it for |
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671 compiling Suite Sparse and Octave. In the following we assume that |
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672 you installed the @sc{lapack} library as $prefix64/lib/liblapack.a. |
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673 @end itemize |
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674 |
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675 @item QRUPDATE (@url{http://sourceforge.net/projects/qrupdate}) |
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676 |
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677 In the @file{Makeconf} file: |
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678 |
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679 @itemize @minus |
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680 @item |
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681 Add @option{-fdefault-integer-8} to @env{FFLAGS}. |
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682 |
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683 @item |
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684 Adjust the @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} variables as needed if your 64-bit |
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685 aware @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} libraries are in a non-standard |
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686 location. |
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687 |
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688 @item |
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689 Set @env{PREFIX} to the top-level directory of your install tree. |
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690 |
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691 @item |
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692 Run @code{make solib} to make a shared library. |
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693 |
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694 @item |
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695 Run @code{make install} to install the library. |
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696 @end itemize |
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697 |
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698 @item |
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699 SuiteSparse (@url{http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/SuiteSparse}) |
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700 |
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701 Pass the following options to @command{make} to enable 64-bit integers |
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702 for @sc{blas} library calls. On 64-bit Windows systems, use |
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703 @code{-DLONGBLAS="long long"} instead. |
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704 |
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705 @example |
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706 @group |
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707 CFLAGS='-DLONGBLAS=long' |
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708 CXXFLAGS='-DLONGBLAS=long' |
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709 @end group |
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710 @end example |
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711 |
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712 The SuiteSparse makefiles don't generate shared libraries. On some |
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713 systems, you can generate them by doing something as simple as |
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714 |
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715 @example |
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716 @group |
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717 top=$(pwd) |
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718 for f in *.a; do |
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719 mkdir tmp |
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720 cd tmp |
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721 ar vx ../$f |
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722 gcc -shared -o ../$@{f%%.a@}.so *.o |
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723 cd $top |
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724 rm -rf tmp |
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725 done |
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726 @end group |
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727 @end example |
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728 |
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729 @noindent |
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730 Other systems may require a different solution. |
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731 |
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732 @item ATLAS instead of reference @sc{blas} and @sc{lapack} |
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733 |
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734 Suggestions on how to compile ATLAS would be most welcome. |
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735 |
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736 @item @sc{glpk} |
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737 @item Qhull (@url{http://www.qhull.org}) |
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738 |
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739 Both @sc{glpk} and Qhull use @code{int} internally so maximum problem |
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740 sizes may be limited. |
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741 |
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742 @item Octave |
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743 |
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744 Octave's 64-bit index support is activated with the configure option |
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745 @option{--enable-64}. |
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746 |
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747 @example |
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748 @group |
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749 ./configure \ |
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750 LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$prefix64/lib" \ |
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751 CPPFLAGS="-I$prefix64/include" LDFLAGS="-L$prefix64/lib" \ |
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752 --enable-64 |
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753 @end group |
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754 @end example |
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755 |
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756 You must ensure that all Fortran sources except those in the |
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757 @file{liboctave/cruft/ranlib} directory are compiled such that INTEGERS are |
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758 8-bytes wide. If you are using gfortran, the configure script should |
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759 automatically set the Makefile variable @w{@env{F77_INTEGER_8_FLAG}} to |
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760 @option{-fdefault-integer-8}. If you are using another compiler, you |
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761 must set this variable yourself. You should NOT set this flag in |
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762 @env{FFLAGS}, otherwise the files in @file{liboctave/cruft/ranlib} will be |
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763 miscompiled. |
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764 |
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765 @item Other dependencies |
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766 |
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767 Probably nothing special needs to be done for the following |
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768 dependencies. If you discover that something does need to be done, |
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769 please submit a bug report. |
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770 |
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771 @itemize @minus |
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772 @item pcre |
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773 |
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774 @item zlib |
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775 |
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776 @item hdf5 |
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777 |
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778 @item fftw3 |
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779 |
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780 @item cURL |
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781 |
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782 @item GraphicsMagick++ |
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783 |
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784 @item OpenGL |
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785 |
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786 @item freetype |
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787 |
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788 @item fontconfig |
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789 |
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790 @item fltk |
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791 @end itemize |
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792 |
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793 @end itemize |
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794 |
4167 | 795 @node Installation Problems |
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796 @section Installation Problems |
3294 | 797 |
798 This section contains a list of problems (and some apparent problems | |
799 that don't really mean anything is wrong) that may show up during | |
800 installation of Octave. | |
801 | |
802 @itemize @bullet | |
803 @item | |
804 On some SCO systems, @code{info} fails to compile if | |
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805 @w{@code{HAVE_TERMIOS_H}} is defined in @file{config.h}. Simply |
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806 removing the definition from @file{info/config.h} should allow it to |
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807 compile. |
3294 | 808 |
809 @item | |
810 If @code{configure} finds @code{dlopen}, @code{dlsym}, @code{dlclose}, | |
811 and @code{dlerror}, but not the header file @file{dlfcn.h}, you need to | |
812 find the source for the header file and install it in the directory | |
813 @file{usr/include}. This is reportedly a problem with Slackware 3.1. | |
814 For Linux/GNU systems, the source for @file{dlfcn.h} is in the | |
815 @code{ldso} package. | |
816 | |
817 @item | |
818 Building @file{.oct} files doesn't work. | |
819 | |
820 You should probably have a shared version of @code{libstdc++}. A patch | |
821 is needed to build shared versions of version 2.7.2 of @code{libstdc++} | |
822 on the HP-PA architecture. You can find the patch at | |
823 @url{ftp://ftp.cygnus.com/pub/g++/libg++-2.7.2-hppa-gcc-fix}. | |
824 | |
825 @item | |
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826 On some DEC alpha systems there may be a problem with the @code{libdxml} |
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827 library, resulting in floating point errors and/or segmentation faults |
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828 in the linear algebra routines called by Octave. If you encounter such |
3464 | 829 problems, then you should modify the configure script so that |
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830 @w{@code{SPECIAL_MATH_LIB}} is not set to @code{-ldxml}. |
3464 | 831 |
832 @item | |
3294 | 833 On FreeBSD systems Octave may hang while initializing some internal |
834 constants. The fix appears to be to use | |
835 | |
836 @example | |
837 options GPL_MATH_EMULATE | |
838 @end example | |
839 | |
840 @noindent | |
841 rather than | |
842 | |
843 @example | |
844 options MATH_EMULATE | |
845 @end example | |
846 | |
847 @noindent | |
848 in the kernel configuration files (typically found in the directory | |
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849 @file{/sys/i386/conf}). After making this change, you'll need to rebuild |
3294 | 850 the kernel, install it, and reboot. |
851 | |
852 @item | |
853 If you encounter errors like | |
854 | |
6670 | 855 @example |
3294 | 856 @group |
857 passing `void (*)()' as argument 2 of | |
858 `octave_set_signal_handler(int, void (*)(int))' | |
859 @end group | |
6670 | 860 @end example |
3294 | 861 |
862 @noindent | |
863 or | |
864 | |
6670 | 865 @example |
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866 @group |
7081 | 867 warning: ANSI C++ prohibits conversion from `(int)' |
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868 to `(@dots{})' |
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869 @end group |
6670 | 870 @end example |
3294 | 871 |
872 @noindent | |
873 while compiling @file{sighandlers.cc}, you may need to edit some files | |
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874 in the @code{gcc} include subdirectory to add proper prototypes for |
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875 functions there. For example, Ultrix 4.2 needs proper declarations for |
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876 the @code{signal} function and the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro in the file |
3294 | 877 @file{signal.h}. |
878 | |
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879 On some systems the @w{@code{SIG_IGN}} macro is defined to be something |
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880 like this: |
3294 | 881 |
882 @example | |
883 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)())1 | |
884 @end example | |
885 | |
886 @noindent | |
887 when it should really be something like: | |
888 | |
889 @example | |
890 #define SIG_IGN (void (*)(int))1 | |
891 @end example | |
892 | |
893 @noindent | |
894 to match the prototype declaration for the @code{signal} function. This | |
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895 change should also be made for the @w{@code{SIG_DFL}} and |
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896 @w{@code{SIG_ERR}} symbols. It may be necessary to change the |
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897 definitions in @file{sys/signal.h} as well. |
3294 | 898 |
899 The @code{gcc} @code{fixincludes} and @code{fixproto} scripts should | |
900 probably fix these problems when @code{gcc} installs its modified set of | |
901 header files, but I don't think that's been done yet. | |
902 | |
903 @strong{You should not change the files in @file{/usr/include}}. You | |
904 can find the @code{gcc} include directory tree by running the command | |
905 | |
906 @example | |
907 gcc -print-libgcc-file-name | |
908 @end example | |
909 | |
910 @noindent | |
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911 The directory of @code{gcc} include files normally begins in the same |
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912 directory that contains the file @file{libgcc.a}. |
3294 | 913 |
914 @item | |
915 Some of the Fortran subroutines may fail to compile with older versions | |
916 of the Sun Fortran compiler. If you get errors like | |
917 | |
6670 | 918 @example |
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919 @group |
3294 | 920 zgemm.f: |
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921 zgemm: |
3294 | 922 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree |
923 zgemm.f, line 245: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
924 expression subtree | |
925 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
926 zgemm.f, line 304: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
927 expression subtree | |
928 warning: unexpected parent of complex expression subtree | |
929 zgemm.f, line 327: warning: unexpected parent of complex | |
930 expression subtree | |
931 pcc_binval: missing IR_CONV in complex op | |
932 make[2]: *** [zgemm.o] Error 1 | |
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933 @end group |
6670 | 934 @end example |
3294 | 935 |
936 @noindent | |
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937 when compiling the Fortran subroutines in the @file{liboctave/cruft} |
3294 | 938 subdirectory, you should either upgrade your compiler or try compiling |
939 with optimization turned off. | |
940 | |
941 @item | |
942 On NeXT systems, if you get errors like this: | |
943 | |
944 @example | |
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945 @group |
7081 | 946 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local |
947 symbol LBB7656 | |
948 /usr/tmp/cc007458.s:unknown:Undefined local | |
949 symbol LBE7656 | |
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950 @end group |
3294 | 951 @end example |
952 | |
953 @noindent | |
954 when compiling @file{Array.cc} and @file{Matrix.cc}, try recompiling | |
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955 these files without @option{-g}. |
3294 | 956 |
957 @item | |
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958 Some people have reported that calls to system() and the pager do not |
3294 | 959 work on SunOS systems. This is apparently due to having |
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960 @w{@code{G_HAVE_SYS_WAIT}} defined to be 0 instead of 1 when compiling |
3294 | 961 @code{libg++}. |
962 | |
963 @item | |
964 On NeXT systems, linking to @file{libsys_s.a} may fail to resolve the | |
965 following functions | |
966 | |
967 @example | |
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968 @group |
3294 | 969 _tcgetattr |
970 _tcsetattr | |
971 _tcflow | |
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972 @end group |
3294 | 973 @end example |
974 | |
975 @noindent | |
976 which are part of @file{libposix.a}. Unfortunately, linking Octave with | |
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977 @option{-posix} results in the following undefined symbols. |
3294 | 978 |
979 @example | |
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980 @group |
3294 | 981 .destructors_used |
982 .constructors_used | |
983 _objc_msgSend | |
984 _NXGetDefaultValue | |
985 _NXRegisterDefaults | |
986 .objc_class_name_NXStringTable | |
987 .objc_class_name_NXBundle | |
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988 @end group |
3294 | 989 @end example |
990 | |
991 One kluge around this problem is to extract @file{termios.o} from | |
992 @file{libposix.a}, put it in Octave's @file{src} directory, and add it | |
993 to the list of files to link together in the makefile. Suggestions for | |
994 better ways to solve this problem are welcome! | |
995 | |
996 @item | |
997 If Octave crashes immediately with a floating point exception, it is | |
998 likely that it is failing to initialize the IEEE floating point values | |
999 for infinity and NaN. | |
1000 | |
1001 If your system actually does support IEEE arithmetic, you should be able | |
1002 to fix this problem by modifying the function @code{octave_ieee_init} in | |
1003 the file @file{lo-ieee.cc} to correctly initialize Octave's internal | |
1004 infinity and NaN variables. | |
1005 | |
1006 If your system does not support IEEE arithmetic but Octave's configure | |
1007 script incorrectly determined that it does, you can work around the | |
1008 problem by editing the file @file{config.h} to not define | |
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1009 @w{@code{HAVE_ISINF}}, @w{@code{HAVE_FINITE}}, and |
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1010 @w{@code{HAVE_ISNAN}}. |
3294 | 1011 |
1012 In any case, please report this as a bug since it might be possible to | |
1013 modify Octave's configuration script to automatically determine the | |
1014 proper thing to do. | |
1015 | |
7144 | 1016 @item |
1017 If Octave is unable to find a header file because it is installed in a | |
1018 location that is not normally searched by the compiler, you can add the | |
1019 directory to the include search path by specifying (for example) | |
1020 @code{CPPFLAGS=-I/some/nonstandard/directory} as an argument to | |
1021 @code{configure}. Other variables that can be specified this way are | |
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1022 @env{CFLAGS}, @env{CXXFLAGS}, @env{FFLAGS}, and @env{LDFLAGS}. Passing |
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1023 them as options to the configure script also records them in the |
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1024 @file{config.status} file. By default, @env{CPPFLAGS} and @env{LDFLAGS} |
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1025 are empty, @env{CFLAGS} and @env{CXXFLAGS} are set to @qcode{"-g -O"} and |
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1026 @env{FFLAGS} is set to @qcode{"-O"}. |
7144 | 1027 |
3294 | 1028 @end itemize |